Earticle

본 연구의 목적은 사회적, 환경적 측면에서 농공단지 조성효과를 유형화하고, 농공단지 조성효과를 실증적으로 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 요인분석을 통해 농공단지 조성효과를 유형화하고, 공분산분석을 통해 농공단지 조성효과를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 농공단지 조성효과는 긍정적 측면에서 지역연계 및 고용, 인구증가 및 상권활성화, 사회공헌 및 교류가, 그리고 부정적 측면에서 농촌사회 해체, 환경 및 경관훼손, 불균형 및 재정악화로 구분이 된다. 둘째, 농공단지 조성은 지역연계 및 고용, 환경 및 경관훼손, 농촌사회 해체에 유의미한 영향을 미치지만, 인구증가 및 상권활성화, 사회공헌 및 교류, 불균형 및 재정악화에는 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는다. 따라서 향후 농공단지를 조성할 때는 환경 및 경관훼손과 농촌사회 해체의 부정적 효과를 최소화하기 위한 사전예방조치가 이루어져야 한다. 그리고 현재 농공단지의 긍정적 효과로 작동하지 못하는 인구증가 및 상권활성화와 사회공헌 및 교류가 촉진될 수 있는 있는 방안도 마련되어야 한다.

This study aims to categorize the effects of developing rural industrial parks from social and environmental perspectives and to verify these effects empirically. To this end, this study categorized the effects of developing rural industrial parks through factor analysis using Cheongyang-gun as a case study, and empirically verified these effects through covariance analysis. The analysis results are summarized as follows. First, the effects of developing a rural industrial park include regional linkage and employment, population growth and revitalization of local commerce, corporate social responsibility and relation in the positive aspects, and include the disintegration of rural society, environmental and landscape damage, imbalance and financial deterioration in the negative aspects. Second, the development of rural industrial parks has a significant impact on regional linkage and employment, environmental and landscape damage, and the disintegration of rural communities, but does not have a significant impact on population growth and revitalization of local commerce, corporate social responsibility and relation, imbalance, and financial deterioration. Therefore, when developing rural industrial parks in the future, preventive measures should be taken to minimize the negative effects. In addition, measures should be prepared to promote population growth and revitalization of local commerce, corporate social responsibility and relation, currently not working as positive effects of rural industrial parks.

This study investigates the mechanical behavior at the compression of bonded aluminum foam. Four kinds of specimen thicknesses are 25, 50, 75 and 100mm. These aluminum foams are compressed with the speed of 5mm/min. The reaction forces in cases of 25, 50, 75 and 100mm are 2510, 5080, 7700 and 10400N respectively. The equivalent stresses are 0.96, 1.00, 1.02 and 1.03MPa respectively. These analysis results are verified by comparing with the experimental results. The results of this study can be contributed to the safe design of structure.

This paper presents a prototype of a three degree of freedom mannequin simulator for rehabilitation education. A three degree of freedom (shoulder 2, elbow 1) model which is similar to the human body is developed. In addition design of mathematical model with consideration about the resistance of muscles and ligaments is proposed. To apply ROM inspection method to the mannequin simulator, this paper introduces the PID controller of the mannequin simulator prototype with the ROM inspection method. Rehabilitation specialists verify the mannequin simulator with the ROM test method, and the validation experiments show that the simulator has “good” levels of similarity.

Modern weapon systems are getting more complex in terms of the functionality and also the conditions on the environment and range in which they are deployed and used. Therefore, many development programs can easily be exposed to a variety of risks, resulting in delayed schedules and cost overrun. As such, effective means are necessary to keep the defence budget at an affordable level while competitive edges on technological aspects are retained. As one way to meet those need, modeling and simulation (M&S) methods have widely been used, particularly in the test and evaluation (T&E) process for weapon systems development. The result of M&S-based systems development should be evaluated by the verification, validation & accreditation (VV&A) process to assure keeping reliability at a desired level. On the other hand, due to the explosiveness, the weapons systems development naturally requires to consider safety issues in both the T&E and operational periods. The purpose of this paper is to improve the VV&A process by reflecting the safety requirements therein. To do so, the VV&A process has been analyzed and graphically modeled first and then safety elements have been incorporated effectively. The use of the improved process in the war ships development has also been discussed. Based on the process proposed and the consequent database constructed, the target system can be expected to benefit from reducing development risks while assuring systems safety.

Recently, the demand for reliability verification is increasing while designing and manufacturing molds using injection molding computer aided engineering(CAE). When performing flow analysis verification, a spiral mold is produced and compared with CAE. Because of the spiral shape, we needed a comparative evaluation with the flow distance of products with different forms. So, we compared the weight and flowed length using CAE. Variables are the change in the width of the spiral shape and the shape of the bar and plate. When the width of the spiral shape is 23mm rather than 15mm, the flow distance flows 30∼70mm more, with a maximum difference of 13%. As a result of comparing the spiral shape and the long square shape with the same width, the spiral shape had a flow distance of 60 to 105mm further, and a difference of up to 28% was found. As a result of comparing the plate shape and the spiral shape with a 15mm width product, the spiral shape has a flow distance of 310∼380mm further, and a difference of up to 82% is different.

본 연구는 FTA를 활용하는 우리나라 수출기업이 직면하고 있는 FTA 협정 상대국의 원산지 검증요청에 대한 현황을 파악하고 , 원산지 검증에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하기 위한 목적으로 설문조사를 수행하고 가설을 검증하였다. 384건의 수집된 자료를 실증분석 한 결과 수출기업 내의 원산지 관리 시스템의 운영 및 원산지관리에 대한 지속적인 교육과 훈련은 원산지 검증요건의 이해도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 원산지 검증요건에 대한 이해도가 높으면 처분청으로부터의 원산지 검증 요청 빈도가 낮다는 결론을 도출했다. 또한, 수출업무를 담당하는 자의 수출경력과 상대국과의 거래빈도는 수출기업의 원산지 검증요건 이해도와 처분청의 원산지 검증요청 빈도사이에 조절효과가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study Korean exporters are facing FTA the verification of origin for the request to analyze the factors affecting the country of origin and status of verification and carry out surveys and to verify a hypothesis. A regression analysis of the collected 384 data results in a positive effect on the operation of the country's management system and the ongoing training and education of the origin of the country. Origin verification requirements for the level of higher from its low frequency of origin verification request to conclusions. The frequency of trade and export experience and also exporters of origin verification requirements of understanding and regulating effect is shown to exist between the frequency of origin verification request. Invisible trade barriers between FTA the result of the nation which this study quickly to the verification of origin being used as a country of origin in order to prepare for the management. The regular education and training and continued efficient operation of the country of origin, of course management system is essential.

본 연구는 상호주관성을 객관적 지식으로 활용하기 위하여 방법론적 차원에서 해석학, 현상학을 비판적 관점으로 연구하였다. 그리고 행정학에서 상호주관성을 활용할 수 있는 가능성을 염두에 두었다. 그 이유는 현대사회가 복잡할 뿐만 아니라. 사회문제를 이해하는데 상호주관성의 의미가 매우중요하기 때문이다. 이와 같이 상호주관성을 방법론으로 연구하는 것은 행정학에서 활용할 수 있는 가치가 있다. 행정학에서 방법론으로 활용되기 위해서는 경험적 지식과 객관적 지식으로 설명할 필요성이 요구된다. 게다가 상호주관성을 경험적 지식과 객관적 지식으로 입증한다면 행정학에서 방법론으로 활용하는데 문제가 없을 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 상호주관성이 경험적 지식으로 일반화되는 과정을 알아보고, 상호주관성이 언어로 표현되어 의사소통과정을 거치면서 지식체계를 형성되는 흐름을 연구하고, 상호주관성이 과학적 지식으로 발전되는 논리적 과정의 이론적 개연성을 찾고자 하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같은 성과를 얻었다. 첫째, 상호주관성을 객관적 지식으로 설명함으로써 과학적 지식체계로 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 찾았다. 둘째, 상호주관성은 경험적 지식으로 설명할 수 있다는 발견 했다. 셋째, 방법론으로 활용하는데 이론적 근거를 얻었다.

The purpose of this study was to study the phenomenology of inter-subjectivity, hermeneutics and criticism in a biological perspective. In Australia, a common objective inertia of scientific knowledge was discovered in research methodology was to take advantage. A phenomenological study incorporated contents of the stoke of experience, self-evidence, transcendental elements. In the analysis language communication and linguistic turn were critical factor Criticism and critical phenomena, interpretation were the criticized elements. A logical way to complete the verification was to apply counter evidence and was to apply conclusive evidence. The study results were as follows. as well as the methodology. it is interaction that can take advantage of the subjectivity. knowledge can be developed and can be obtained through verification reliability. Through the process of counter evidence, objectivity was proved to be reasonable. Phenomenology is the limit of the inter-subjectivity, This theory or law cannot doubt the necessity of knowledge that can be proven to obtain a probability.

지금 사용되는 제어기의 제어방식은 220V 고전압을 일대 일로 직접 신호등에 전달하는 스위치방식이다. 이 방식은 감전위험, 누설전류, 보행공간 침해, 미관 저하 등 많은 단점이 있다. 이에 따라 교통신호기의 제어방식이 디지털로 전환되는 노력이 이루어지고 있으며, 신호등과 신호기와의 디지털 통신 체계가 그 핵심으로 부상하고 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 디지털방식의 신호제어를 위해 필요한 통신체계를 개발하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 신호등을 포함한 다양한 신호기 주변장치와 특별한 메시지에 대하여 CAN 식별자(ID)를 할당하였다. 또한 이 할당된 식별자(ID)기반으로 신호등에 대한 제어정보를 전달하고 제어상태 피드백을 수집하는 CAN 기반 신호제어 프로토콜을 구성하였다. 이 통신체계의 검증을 위해 소프트웨어 모의실험시스템을 제작하여 신호제어에 활용 가능함을 검증하였다.

Most of the current traffic signal controller use load switches to transmit high voltage power to the signal lamps. The direct transmission of high voltage power may cause a lot of problems like leakages of electric power, obstructions of pedestrian, environmental disfigurements. To overcome these problems, the development of digital type signal controller has been trying in the various methods. Digital communication between a master controller and signal lamps is the most important part to improve control performance in the digital type controller. A communication system for the digital signal controller was developed in this study. The system bases on CAN specification, includes ID structure for most peripheral devices like loops, signal lamps, push buttons, police switches. The operability of this system verified with a software based CAN simulation tool.

Ontologies are being used in order to define common vocabularies to describe the elements of schemas involved in a particular application. The problem of finding correspondences between ontologies concepts, called ontology matching, consists in the discovery of correspondences between terms of vocabularies (represented by ontologies) used by various applications. The majority of solutions proposed in the literature, despite being fully automatic, has heuristic nature and may produce nonsatisfactory results. The problem intensifies when dealing with large data sources. The goal of this paper is to propose a method for generation and incremental refinement of correspondences between ontologies. The proposed approach uses filtering techniques, as well as user feedback to support the generation and refinement of such matches. For validation purposes, a tool was developed and some experiments were conducted.

Objective To propose a new scale, the Feeding and Swallowing Scale for Premature Infants (FSSPI), based on videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) findings and to verify the reliability and validity of the FSSPI.Methods One hundred thirty preterm infants who had undergone VFSS were enrolled in this retrospective study. The FSSPI was developed by referring to the Baby Regulated Organization of Subsystems and Sucking approach. The FSSPI score for each VFSS video was evaluated by a physiatrist as well as by three experienced speech-language pathologists. To verify the reliability of the FSSPI, the inter-evaluator and intra-evaluator associations for the FSSPI scores were analyzed. To verify the validity of the FSSPI, the association between FSSPI scores and clinical characteristics including prognosis-related factors was analyzed.Results The mean gestational age was 27.3±2.8 weeks. The FSSPI showed a high degree of both intra-rater reliability and inter-rater reliability. Also, there was a significant negative correlation between the FSSPI score and corrected age (CA) at the time of performing VFSS. Further, a significant positive correlation was observed between the FSSPI score and CA at the time of achieving full oral feeding. A significant negative correlation was observed between the FSSPI score and weight gain, between the 1st and 2nd month after birth, and between the 2nd and 3rd month after birth, respectively.Conclusion In this study, we proposed a new clinical scale using VFSS to reflect the development of feeding and swallowing skills in preterm infants. Further, we verified the reliability and validity of the scale.

Purpose: Delirium is a common syndrome in the intensive care unit (ICU), with a high incidence incritically ill children. This study aims to develop and validate a prediction model for delirium in criticallyill children, which could potentially enhance early identification and management strategies. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we collected 1,047 critically ill children admitted to the pediatricintensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary children's hospital from November 2021 to November 2023. Based on the risk prediction model derived from multiple logistic regression analysis performed withSPSS software, a nomogram was constructed using R software. The model's predictive performance wasevaluated through analysis of the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristiccurve (ROC) and the calibration curve for discriminatory ability and accuracy. Results: Among the 1,047 critically ill children, delirium occurred in 26.6% of cases. Mechanical ventilation,benzodiazepines, age 2 years, number of catheters 3, and physical restraints were independentpredictors of delirium in critically ill children. The predictive model demonstrated a sensitivity of 85.6%and a specificity of 76.1%, with a Youden index of .62. The validation analysis demonstrated an AUC of .88(95% CI: 0.86-0.90). The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodnessoffit test yielded a x2 value of 15.23 (P > .05),demonstrating satisfactory discriminatory performance and good calibration of the predictive model. Conclusions: This study provided a predictive model for the occurrence of delirium in critically ill children,enabling nurses to accurately assess delirium risk and enhance the quality of nursing care for thisvulnerable patient population.

Blockchain offers unprecedented opportunities for innovation in financial transactions. A whole new world of opportunities for banking, lending, insurance, money transfer, investments, and stock markets awaits. However, the potential for wide-scale adoption of blockchain is hindered with cybersecurity and privacy issues. We provide an overview of the risks and security requirements and give an outlook for future research that could be helpful in solving some of the challenges. We also present an approach for policy specification and verification of financial transactions based on smart contracts.

In the autonomous driving environment, each vehicle performs numerous signing and verification while sending and receiving BSMs(Basic Security Messages) in real-time. We present an optimized CRYSTALS-Dilithium software which can quickly process each signingand verification in parallel using embedded Graphic Processing Unit. For efficiency, we propose several optimization techniques such asdummy operation-based warp divergence reducing technique, parallel implementation NTT (Number Theoretic Transform)-based polynomialmultiplication, optimization of rejection sampling process using rejection sequence table, and so on. The proposed CRYSTALS-Dilithiumsoftware provides a performance improvement of up to 19.41 times compared to the Dilithium Software on CPUs on NVIDIA Jetson AGXXavier which is an off-the-shelf autonomous vehicle OBU (On-Board Unit).

Reproducibility is a critical issue in protein structure analysis, especially in drug discovery workflows. Previous methods do not consistently produce reliable results across systems and do not provide deterministic outcomes in protein analysis. This work proposes a tri-layered blockchain-inspired architecture that leverages cryptographic metadata and capabilities to validate protonation states and guarantee deterministic results and data integrity across protein structure preparation and ensure reproducible binding site analysis. The results show 100% reproducibility with a 1745.1% performance overhead with execution time still under 11 s, enhancing data security and offering a reliable solution for computational drug discovery workflows. This system enhances confidence in computational drug discovery workflows.

본 연구의 목적은 회계감사 수수료의 조절효과에 따라 감사인의 산업전문성이 피감사기업의 연구개발비 회계처리에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석하는 것이다. 산업전문성이 높은 감사는 특정 업종에 속한 기업이 얻은 산업의 전문성과 경험을 바탕으로 더 높은 품질의 감사 업무를 수행 하는 감사를 말한다. 따라서 이러한 개념을 바탕으로 감사업무의 효율성과 감사비용 절감 측면에서 산업전문성 간의 관계를 예측할 수 있다. 본 연구는 감사인의 업종별 전문성 지수를 산출할 수 있는 기업을 대상으로 2015년부터 2017년까지 기업 데이터를 활용하여 다음과 같은 분 석을 수행하였다. 실증분석 결과 전문감사인의 감사를 받은 기업은 그렇지 않은 기업에 비해 연구개발비 자본화비율이 낮고, 감사수수료가 높 을수록 연구개발비 자본화비율이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 보다 높은 감사품질을 제공하기 위하여 피감사기업에 대하여 산업전 문성이 높은 감사인을 적절히 배치하는데 실질적인 시사점을 갖는다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the auditor's industry expertise affects the accounting treatment of R&D expenses of the audited company according to the moderating effect of accounting audit fees. Audit with high industrial expertise refers to an audit that performs higher quality audit work based on the expertise and experience of the industry obtained by auditing companies belonging to a specific industry. Therefore, based on this concept, it is possible to predict the relationship between industrial expertise in terms of efficiency of audit work and reduction of audit costs. This study conducted the following analysis using corporate data from 2015 to 2017 targeting companies that can calculate the auditor's industry-specific expertise index. As a result of the empirical analysis, it was found that companies audited by specialized auditors have a lower ratio of R&D expenses to capitalization than those that do not, and that the higher the audit fee, the lower the ratio of R&D expenses to capitalization. The results of this study have practical implications for appropriately arranging auditors with high industry-specific expertise in audited enterprises in order to provide higher audit quality.

본 연구의 목적은 지역사회 위기개입 실무자 집단인 일선경찰관들이 정신이상자들에 의해 발생한 정신과적 응급상황에서 정신이상자들을 대상으로 사용하기 위해 개발된 정신건강 위기 척도(도구) 의 신뢰도와 타당성을 검증하는 것이다. 확인적 요인분석결과 연구모형의 적합도는 CMIN(χ2)/df 값이 2.040, GFI .878, RMSEA .081, CFI .963, TLI .950로 기준치에 부합하였다. 수렴타당성을 확인한 결과, 요인부하량(λ) 값은 모두 .50 이상이며, 유의수준이 p<.001로 나타났다. 평균분산추출(AVE)은 신체적 요인, 사회적 요인의 AVE 값이 0.5 이하로 나타났고, 자살행동과 정신상태는 0.5 이상으로 나타났다. 개념신뢰도(C.R.)는 0.700~0.876으로 모두 0.7 이상을 충족하였다. 개발된 정신건강 위기 척도는 지역사회 현장 상황을 적극적으로 반영하였기에 일선경찰관들이 정신과적 위기대응현장에 서 실질적이고 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

The purpose of this study is to verify the reliability and validity of the mental health crisis scale (tools) developed for use by frontline police officers in psychiatric emergencies caused by insane people. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, the fit of the research model estimated using the maximum likelihood method was CMIN(χ2)/df=2.040, GFI.878, RMSEA.081, CFI.963, TLI.950, which met the standard values. As a result of confirming the convergence validity, the factor load (λ) values were all .50 or more, and the significance level was p<.001. In the Average Variance Extracted(AVE), the AVE values of physical and social factors were analyzed to be less than 0.5, and suicidal behavior and mental state were derived to more than 0.5. The Construct Reliability (C.R.) was 0.700 to 0.876, all of which met 0.7 or more. Since the developed mental health crisis scale actively reflects the situation in the local community, police officers can be used it practically and usefully in the field of psychiatric crisis response

이 연구는 급성관상동맥증후군을 경험한 환자의 상황인식 수준 측정을 위한 SART 도구의 신뢰도와 타당도 를 검증하기 위해 시도되었다. 입원한 급성관상동맥증후군 환자 118명에게 번역된 SART 도구를 적용하여 도구의 신뢰도와 타당도를 분석하였다. 도구의 신뢰도와 타당도는 Cronbach 알파, 탐색적, 확인적 요인분석을 통해 분석 하였다. 연구 결과 상황 인식 1(Instability of Situation, 상황의 불안정성)과 상황 인식 7(Spare Mental Capacity, 여분의 정신력)의 두 문항을 제거하였을 때 도구의 신뢰도와 모델 적합도 지수가 향상되는 것으로 나타 났다. 수정된 국문판 SART는 급성관상동맥증후군 환자의 치료추구행동에 대한 의사결정 시 상황인식 정도를 측정하는 데 적절한 도구로 판단된다.

The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of the SART(Situation Awareness Rating Technique) tool to measure the situational awareness of patients with acute coronary syndrome. The translated SART was tested on 118 hospitalized patients with acute coronary syndrome to verify the reliability and validity of the tool. The analysis was conducted with Cronbach's alpha, exploratory & confirmatory factor analysis. Study findings found that the tool’s reliability and model fit index improved when the two problematic items, namely, Situation Awareness 1 (Instability of Situation) and Situation Awareness 7 (Spare Mental Capacity) were removed. According to the results, the revised K-SART is deemed to be an appropriate method for assessing the degree of situational awareness of patients with acute coronary syndrome in decision making about treatment-seeking.