Earticle

전 세계 발전소용 온도 센서 시장은 약 350억 원대로 추정되며 우리나라는 이 중 95% 이상을 수입제품에 의존 하고 있다. 본 연구는 발전소용 가스터빈 회전체의 온도 측정장치이며 국내 가동되는 100MW급 가스터빈 발전기의 약 800개 이상에 적용 가능하다. 본 연구는 측정부의 형태, 연결부 구조 및 소재 변경 등을 통해 내구성을 향상 시킨 것으로 정밀화학공정 및 플랜트 수출 산업에서 사용되는 습도, 가스, 유압 등의 다른 측정장치에서도 적용 가능한 요소 기술이다. 본 연구의 성과로는 발전소용 가스터빈 회전축 온도 측정을 위한 센서 3종으로 설계된 온도 센서는 0℃ - 300℃ 범위에서 Class 1등급 온도 정밀도를 만족하였으며 융합연구를 통하여 기존의 유사 제품들과 비교하여 내구성을 크게 향상시켰다.

The global market for temperature sensors for power plants is estimated at around 35 billion won, of which South Korea relies on imported products for more than 95 percent. This study is that a temperature measurement device for gas turbine rotators for power plants and can be applied to more than 800 of 100 MW gas turbine generators operating in Korea. This study has improved durability by changing the shape of the measuring part, structure of the connecting part, and material changes, and is a component technology applicable to other measuring devices such as humidity, gas and hydraulic pressure used in precision chemical process and plant export industry. As a result of this study, temperature sensors designed as three types of sensors for measuring the temperature of the gas turbine for power plants met Class 1 temperature accuracy in the range of 0°C to 300°C, and improved durability significantly compared to similar products.

본 연구에서는 기지국내 운영되고 있는 각종 통신장비에서 발생하는 발열량을 분석하여 효율적인 운영을 하고 져 한다. 우선 발열량이 많이 발생하는 기지국을 선정하여 실제 전력량을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 산업 발전을 위해 자연공조를 활용한 다양한 연구가 필요 하다고 볼 수 있다.

본 연구는 무선기지국내 에너지를 안전하게 절감하여 효율적인 기지국운영을 위하여 본 연구를 분석하게 되었다. 특히 기지 국에는 각종 유･무선 통신장비가 많이 설치되어 있다. 이들은 통신서비스를 위하여 운영하고 있다. 또한 현재 기지국에 운영되 고 있는 냉방장치는 주･예비 2대로 운영되고 있다. 기지국 실내온도는 상온 27℃ 이하로 설정하고 운영 한다. 실내 냉방기운영 은 주장치로 24시간 가동하여 운영 한다. 가끔 기지국은 냉방기 장애가 발생하는 사례가 있다. 그로 인하여 통신서비스 및 각종 데이터통신 장애로 인하여 민원이 발생하는 일이 있다. 각종 통신장비에서 실시간 발생하는 발열을 없애기 위해 냉방기는 주･ 예비 항상 안전운영한다. 기지국내는 항상 최적화한 상태에서 서비스를 하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 기지국내 운영되고 있는 각종 통신장비에서 발생하는 발열량을 분석하여 효율적인 안전운영을 하고자 한다. 우선 발열량이 많이 발생하는 기지국을 선 정하여 실제 전력량을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 산업 발전을 위해 자연공조를 활용한 다양한 연구가 필요 하다고 볼 수 있다.

낙상사고는 많은 재활 비용을 필요로 하고, 다른 안전사고에 비해 대부분 예방이 가능하다는 점에서 올 바른 정보제공을 통한 사전 예방이 더욱 중요하다. 특히, 고령자의 경우 연령증가에 따른 신체의 노화 및 질병은 안전사고의 증가로 이어질 수 있고 상해의 정도도 심각한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 환자에 부착된 통합 센서 모듈에서 실시간으로 수집되는 데이터를 기반으로 낙상 사고에 대한 예측 데이터 모델링을 통해 실시간으로 낙상에 대한 모니터링이 가능한 데이터 분석을 연구하였다. 이를 위해 온도 센서, 심박 센서 및 모션 센서에서 실 시간으로 데이터를 수집하고 이항 분류 모델링을 적용한 낙상 예측 데이터 분석을 수행하였다.

Fall accidents require a lot of rehabilitation costs. Since most of the accidents can be prevented compared to other safety accidents, it is more important to prevent them in advance by providing correct information. In particular, in the case of the elderly, body aging and disease due to an increase in age can lead to an increase in safety accidents, and the degree of injury is serious. Therefore, in this paper, we designed predictive data modeling for a fall accident based on the data collected in real time from the integrated sensor module attached to the patient. In addition, data analysis that can monitor falls in real time was studied. To this end, data was collected in real time from temperature sensors, heart rate sensors, and motion sensors, and fall prediction data analysis was performed by applying binomial classification modeling.

본 논문은 마이크로프로세서와 랩뷰 프로그램을 이용한 IoT 기반의 건물 내부 지도 및 화재 안내 시스템에 관현 연구 이다. 지금까지의 건물 내부의 비상구를 안내하는 장치는 화재 발생시 화재장소와 상관없이 항상 일정한 방향만을 나 타내어 화재로부터 건물 밖까지 최적의 비상구를 나타내어 주지 않고 있다. 논문에서 구현된 스마트 제어 시스템은 마이크 로프로세서와 불꽃 감지센서, 일산화탄소센서 및 온도센서를 이용하여 화재 발생 장소를 파악하였고, Zigbee 통신을 통하여 최적의 이동경로를 안내하도록 구성되어 있다. 그리고 제안된 시스템은 QR코드를 활용하여 스마트폰과 연동되게 하였다. 코디네이터 제어는 LABVIEW 소프트웨어를 통하여 설치된 스마트제어 시스템의 센서 값이 확인되도록 검증하였다. 본 논 문에서 연구된 IoT 기반 제어시스템은 Arduino mega 보드와 LABVIEW 소프트웨어로 구현하였고, 디스플레이 장치와 코 디네이션으로 동작 상태를 확인 할 수 있었다.

This paper is a study on IoT based map inside the building and fire perception system using microprocessor and LABVIEW program. The smart control system implemented in this paper is designed to identify the location of fire by using microprocessor, flame detection sensor, carbon monoxide sensor and temperature sensor, and to guide the optimal travel route through Zigbee communication. And the proposed system uses QR code to interoperate with smartphone. The coordinator control verified that the sensor value of the smart control system installed through the LABVIEW software was confirmed. The IoT based control system studied in this paper was implemented with Arduino mega board and LABVIEW software, and the operation status was confirmed by display device and coordination.

The superconducting accelerator's liquid or superfluid helium cryogenic system requires numerous temperature sensors to precisely monitor key components and ensure the device's safe and stable operation. Uncalibrated temperature sensors are widely used in large scientific facilities owing to their low cost and short supply cycles. This study developed a temperature sensor calibration system suitable for the superfluid helium temperature region. This system combines the comparison method and dynamic calibration while optimizing the calibration approach for different temperature ranges. A total of 20 uncalibrated temperature sensors were calibrated over a temperature range of 300 K to 2 K. Experimental results show that the system can simultaneously calibrate numerous temperature sensors, significantly improving calibration efficiency. In the 4.2 K-2 K temperature region, the calibration accuracy is ±6.035 mK, which meets the engineering application requirements of large scientific facilities.

High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) power cables are capable of transmitting bulk power without any loss compared to conventional copper cables. The major challenge in the design of such HTS cables is the high stresses (electro-thermal/electro-mechanical) developed at high voltages, high currents and cryogenic temperatures. The safe and reliable operation of HTS cables involves lots of instrumentation for monitoring, measurement, control and safe operation. In principle, a four probe method for resistance (RTD PT-100) is used for temperature measurements at various locations of HTS cable. The number of connecting leads required for this is four times that of the number of sensors. The present paper discusses a novel way of connecting 128 RTD sensors with the help of only 14 leads using a cold electronics based multiplexer board. LabVIEW 11.0 software was used for interfacing and displaying the readings of all the sensors on computer screen.

The selection of the temperature sensor in the cryogenic system depends on the temperature range, shape and accuracy. The accuracy of the temperature sensor is essential to improve the reliability of experiment. We have developed the variable temperature cryostat using a two-stage cryocooler. In order to reduce heat load, thermal shield is installed at the first stage with MLI (Multiple layer insulation). We have also developed the sensor holder calibrating more than twenty sensors at the same time for saving time and money. The system can calibrate sensor at variable temperature by controlling electric heater. In this paper, we present design and fabrication of variable temperature cryostat and representative result of Cernox sensor calibration.

This study presents a deep-learning-based framework integrating a single heat-flux sensor for rapid and accurate estimation of core body temperature (CBT). A gated recurrent unit (GRU) model was trained using a large-scale dataset comprising finite-element simulations and experimental transient responses to learn conduction- and convection-governed features. By analyzing only the initial 30 s of temperature signals, the model achieved a mean absolute error below 0.1 °C across a wide range of ambient temperatures (5–35 °C), convective heat transfer coefficients (0–50 W·m⁻²·K⁻¹), and skin conductivities (0.32–0.50 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹). This data-driven approach eliminated the need for prolonged thermal stabilization, enabling site-independent CBT prediction with reliable performance under dynamic environmental and physiological conditions.

Most sensors are affected by temperature, so they are tested in advance and used for temperature compensation. However, sensor affected by the temperature hysteresis is not compensated. This is because even if compensation is made in the form of a general n-th polynomial, the effect of hysteresis remains the same. In this paper, a method of compensating accelerometer biases with hysteresis using a new parameter C was studied. This technique goes beyond finding the appropriate variable for compensation and is a method of creating the parameter itself with a combination of new variables. As a result, most errors could be eliminated.

Raman distributed temperature sensor can be used as temperature instruments as well as monitoring abnormalities in next-generation nuclear systems. Since noise reduction and Measuring Frequency enhancement are required, integration time adjustment has been mainly used so far. In this study, a new data processing method using Moving Average Filter was analyzed to see if noise reduction and Measuring Frequency could be reduced, and improvement measures were suggested.

시즈 히터는 금속 보호관에 코일 형태의 전열선과 산화마그네슘(MgO) 절연 분말을 충진한 관 모양의 히터이다. 특징으로는 외부 물리적 충격에 잘 견디고 전기 열에너지 효율성이 높으며, 산업용, 가정용 등 다양한 형태로 제작 가능하다. 사용상 편의성으로 최근 시즈히터 사용이 꾸준히 증가하고 있으며 이에 따라 관련 화재 사고도 지속적으 로 발생하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 시즈히터의 구조적 형태에 따른 화재 개연성을 연구 하였다. 시즈히터 발열부와 온도감지센서 사이의 간격 변화에 따른 발화 가능성을 연 구한 결과, 시즈히터의 발열부와 온도감지센서 사이의 간격이 증가할수록 온도감시센 서에서 감지하는 발열부의 온도와 발열부의 실제 온도 간 차이가 증가하여 화재 발생 개연성이 커지는 것을 알 수 있었다.

IoT 기술 중에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 무선 통신 기술에는 ZigBee, WiFi, Bluetooth, Z-Wave 등 이 있다. 그 중에서 Z-Wave는 현재 세계 시장 점유율이 60%로 선호하는 기술 중 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 Z-Wave 프로토콜을 이용한 온습도 센서 모듈을 구현하였다. 온습도 센서 모듈 의 동작을 위하여 Z-Wave 프로토콜을 분석하고, 컨트롤러 모듈의 펌웨어를 탑재하여 구현하였 고, 센서 모듈은 데이터 시트를 참고하여 설계 및 제작하였다. 또한 센서의 온습도 정보를 모니 터링하는 프로그램을 개발하여 이를 확인하였으며, Z-Wave 모듈의 통달거리 시험, 수신데이터 성공률, 저전력 시험 등을 통하여 성능을 확인하였다.

The most commonly used wireless communication technologies in IoT technology include ZigBee, WiFi, Bluetooth, and Z-Wave. In particular, Z-Wave is currently one of the preferred wireless communication technologies, with a global market share of 60 % of these technologies. In this research, a temperature and humidity sensor module using a Z-wave protocol was designed and manufactured by referring to the data sheet. Subsequently, the Z-Wave protocol was analyzed during the operation of the sensor module, and the firmware of the controller module was mounted and implemented. In addition, a program for monitoring the temperature and humidity information from the sensor module was developed and validated. Finally, the performance of the sensor module was validated through master distance and low power tests on it and its reception data success rate.

최근 준공된 대형 민자 역사의 냉난방 에너지 소비량은 일반 건축물에 비해 매우 높아 역사내의 효율적인 열환경 구축을 위해서는 HVAC 시스템의 설계가 필수적이다. 현재 적용되고 있는 HVAC 시스템의 효율성과 개선방안을 파악하기 위해서는 대상역사에 대한 시공간적 4차원의 온도(4D temperature)자료가 필요하다. 이러한 4D 온도 모니터링은 HVAC 시스템의 효율성과 개선방안을 파악할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 이 결과에 연결된 HVAC 시스템의 운용으로 보다 경제적인 냉난방 시스템의 운용이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 대형역사의 4D 온도모니터링을 위하여 단일 케이블 내에 여러 개의 온도센서를 장착하여 모니터링 할 수 있는 SOAM-TLS 센서 케이블을 특수 제작하고, 대형역사를 대상으로 열환경을 측정함으로서 TLS센서를 이용한 4D 온도모니터링의 가능성을 검토하고, 대형역사의 열환경실태 및 문제점을 파악하고자 한다.

Heating and cooling energy consumption of large stations they are built lately is higher than the energy of general buildings. Therefore, HVAC system design is vital to make efficient thermal environment in the station. Spatiotemporal 4-dimensional temperature data is needed in order to grasp efficiency and improvement of current HVAC system. The 4-dimensional temperature monitoring can't only grasp efficiency and improvement of current HVAC system but also can operate more economical. In this study, SOAM-TLS (Thermal Line Sensor) sensor cables they are equipped with multiple temperature sensors in a single cable are specially made for 4D temperature monitoring of a large stations. And this study has review of the possibility of 4D temperature monitoring through measuring the temperature and grasp status of thermal environment.

This study tried to develop the system (device) that automatically notify a manager of condition just before and after farrowing to extend ubiquitous-based technology and to increase efficiency of delivery care and productivity by reducing human labor and time on standby when farrowing management is done in the difficult and hard working environment of farrowing such as night or holidays in field sand especially in pig industry. In this test, selected 10 gilts were executed timed artificial insemination and were set up each temperature sensor and load sensor to them 3 days before the estimated farrowing day and were observed the farrowing situation. This study was embodied the NESPOT-based (KT Corporation) monitoring system, the system to transmit data in real time by utilization of wireless LAN and the sensor module to apply the ubiquitous environment to them. And this study was observed the situation to automatically notify situations of 10 gilts that first bore just before and after farrowing. The result obtained the farrowing situations of them in real time by setup of the NESPOT-based monitoring system to check farrowing situation directly is as follow. The average time of the automatic notice about situation just before farrowing by the temperature sensor was 27.5 minutes before the beginning of farrowing (the expulsion time of a piglet). 6 of 8 pregnant gilts that first bore automatically were notified situations just before farrowing and the temperature sensors inserted into 2 ones before farrowing were omitted. (The automatic notice rate 75%) The average time of the automatic notice of situation just after farrowing by the load sensor was taken 46.5 minutes after the beginning of farrowing (the expulsion time of a first piglet). The average gestation period of 8 ones that first bore and were tested by the automatic notice of farrowing situation was 115.6 days. This result found that the automatic farrowing notice system by the temperature sensor is more efficient than the load sensor as the automatic farrowing alarm device and sanitary treatment and improvement of the omission rate were required.

Fire detectors are designed to minimize loss of life from a fire alarm system as an alarm to help evacuate more quickly until the completion of the evacuation alarm should be continued. the purpose of such alarms in order to achieve the characteristic fire heat release rate reaches a certain level, or when a certain time has elapsed, when the heat detector is to be alarms to answer. Requires a quick response, it is desirable to install the sensor as much as possible, but taking into account the cost of installation problems by engineering approach to minimize the quantity and rapidity of detection capability should be increased. In order to increase the rapidity of fire detectors in a room according to the height of the sensing period is to be maintained the optimum distance of the fire detector detects characteristics should be considered. Differential spot-type heat detectors installed domestic basis, depending on the type of sensor that can detect one sensor area is limited and less than 4m ceiling height regulations and simply double the number in excess of 4m and intended to be installed

Currently, a microanalysis technology is employed in detection systems in fields such as medical science, food safety, and environmental monitoring, and it is being developed in the form of a lab-on-a-chip. However, the reproducibility and sensitivity of biochips are essential factors for its commercialization. Because this requires accurate temperature control, there should be no errors in the temperature sensor used for the biochip. This paper proposes a system that calibrates the temperature sensor of the biochip by directly heating the biochip and using the difference between the measured values of the temperature sensor attached to the biochip and the precision temperature sensor on the biochip surface. In addition, directly heating the biochip was observed to shorten the time taken to reach the target temperature, compared to the chip calibration by placing it in the constant-temperature water bath. The shortened calibration time of the biochip enables us to realize reduced production cost when the chips are manufactured on a large scale.