Earticle

본 연구의 목적은 12주간의 복합운동이 근감소성 비만 노인 여성의 체력, 등속성 근기능 및 IGF-1에 미치는 영향 을 규명하는 것이다. 본 연구의 대상자는 근감소성 비만을 가지고 있는 노인 여성 20명으로 운동 집단과 통제 집단으로 각 10명씩 무선할당 하였다. 운동 집단 대상자는 12주간 주 3회, 회당 60~80분씩 운동 트레이닝을 실시하였고, 통제 집단 대상자는 동일한 처치 기간에 평소의 생활습관을 그대로 유지하도록 하였다. 처치 전과 후에 체력, 등속성 근기능과 IGF-1을 측정하였고, 이후 두 집단 간, 그리고 두 시기 간을 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 체격과 신체구성 과 관련하여, 체중, BMI, 체지방률그리고 제지방량이 운동 집단에서 유의하게 개선되었다. 둘째, 체력과 관련하여, 악력, 상완굴신력, 의자에앉았다일어서기, 그리고 VO2max가 운동 집단에서 유의하게 증가되었다. 셋째, 등속성 근기능과 관 련하여, 신전과 굴곡의 최대힘효율, 총일량, 그리고 평균파워가 운동 집단에서 유의하게 증가되었다. 넷째, IGF-1이 운동 집단에서 유의하게 증가되었다. 본 연구결과를 종합해 보면, 12주간 실시한 복합운동 프로그램이 근감소성 비만 노인 여성의 신체구성, 체력, 등속성 근기능, 그리고 IGF-1의 개선에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 결론지을 수 있다.

The study was designed to investigate the effects of a 12-week combined exercise training on physical fitness, isokinetic function, and IGF-1 in elderly women with sarcopenic obesity. Twenty elderly women with sarcopenic obesity were randomly assigned to one of following two groups, i.e., combined exercise group (EG: n=10) and control group (CG: n=10). The subjects in the EG completed 60~80 min of exercise training for three times a week during 12 weeks, whereas the subjects in the CG group were asked to maintain their normal lifestyle during the same period of the intervention. Main results of the present study were as follows: First, Regarding body composition, body weight, BMI, % fat mass, and free fat mas improved significantly in the EG. Second, Regarding physical fitness, grip strength, upper arm flexion, chair sit to stand and VO2max increased significantly at the EG. Third, Regarding isokinetic function, peak torque, total work and average power at extension and flexion increased significantly at the EG. Fourth, IGF-1 increased significantly at the EG. Based on the results, it was concluded that the 12-week combined exercise training would contribute on improving body composition, physical fitness, isokinetic function, and IGF-1 in elderly women with sarcopenic obesity.

본 연구의 목적은 3주간의 고지대 스키 트레이닝이 크로스컨트리 스키 선수의 근기능에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 향후 크로스컨트리 스키 선수들의 근기능 향상 및 과학적 훈련프로그램 구성을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 연구대 상자는 크로스컨트리 스키 남자 대학 선수 6명을 대상으로 실시하였으며, 주기별과 고지대 트레이닝이 크로스컨트리 스키 선수들에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위하여 일반선형모델 반복측정(General Linear Model ANOVA with repeated measure) 과 대응표본 t 검정(Paired Samples t-test)을 적용하여 분석하였다. 고지대 스키 트레이닝을 3주간 실시한 결과 신체조성은 변화가 나타나지 않았지만, 어깨관절, 허리관절, 무릎관절, 발목관절의 등속성 근기능이 감소되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 SP기간과 같은 스키 트레이닝 기간 중에도 지속적인 근력훈련을 실시하여야 할 것으로 사료되면 이에 대한 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of three - week high altitude ski training on the myocardial performance of cross - country skiers and to provide basic data for the future improvement of cross - country skiers'. The subjects were 6 cross - country skiing male college athletes. To investigate the effects of periodic and high altitude training on cross - country skiers, a general linear model ANOVA with repeated measure And analyzed using the Paired Samples t-test. In high altitude ski training for 3 weeks, the body composition did not change but the isokinetic muscular function of the shoulder joint, hip joint, knee joint, and ankle joint was decreased. Therefore, further study is needed if it is considered that continuous strength training should be performed during the ski training period such as SP period.

Background Music serves as an ergogenic aid for enhancing exercise performance, while Rhythmik is the study of organic bodily motion expression in response to music. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the impact of the music-based movement program, Rhythmik exercise, on leg strength and static balance ability. Study design A case-series study. Methods Nine healthy women aged 20?40 years participated in an eight-week music-based exercise program called Rhythmik exercise. This exercise program comprised three 60-min sessions per week. Leg strength and endurance were assessed using an isokinetic device, measuring parameters including speed, force power, for knee flexor and extensor muscles. Static balance was evaluated by performing one-legged standing with eyes closed and open. Results Following the Rhythmik exercise program, significant improvements were observed in average speed, maximum speed, average power, maximum power of knee extensor muscle, and flexor muscle strength. Additionally, a significant enhancement in static balance ability was observed, both with open eyes and closed eyes. Conclusions The music-based Rhythmik exercise program may enhance leg strength and static balance ability. This suggests that Rhythmik exercise could be considered a viable and engaging alternative exercise regimen for enhancing lower limb function and stability.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors of metabolic syndrome, cardiorespiratory fitness, knee isokinetic function, and os-teoarthritis index inpatients with knee osteoarthritis women. Subjects were divided into the exercise group (n=9, aged 60.89±5.06), and the control groups (n=8, aged 61.25±1.91). Aquatic exercise was performed for 12 weeks, 3 times a week, 60 min a day. The changes of metabolic syndrome risk factors, cardiorespiratory fitness, knee isokinetic func-tion, and WOMAC index (Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index) were measured and analyzed at pre- and postex-ercise program for verifying exercise effectiveness. As a result, fasting blood glucose (P<0.05), glycosylated hemoglobin (P<0.01), and tri-glyceride (P<0.05) were significantly decreased in the risk factors of metabolic syndrome. The maximum oxygen uptake in cardiorespiratory fitness was not significantly different. The left and right extensor mus-cles of knee isokinetic function increased significantly (P<0.01, P<0.01, respectively). There was no significant difference in flexor muscles. Os-teoarthritis index was significantly improved in stiffness (P<0.01) and physical function (P<0.05). In conclusion, aquatic exercise can be re-garded as an effective exercise program for managing metabolic syn-drome risk factors, increasing muscle function, and improving osteoar-thritis index in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.

Volleyball players performed numerous repetitions of spike actions, which uses and requires strong and explosive force, and control of the muscles of the shoulder, lower back, and legs. Muscle imbalance is one of the main causes of sport injuries. The purpose of this study was to assess isokinetic muscle functions in male volleyball players. We thus aim to accurately evaluate their muscle functions, and identify the best training strategy to achieve optimal muscle strength balance in future training programs. The participants in this study consisted of 14 male volleyball players. Muscle strength was measured using the isokinetic dynamometer. Muscle strength was evaluated in terms of peak torque and average power, calculated from five repeated measurements at an angular speed of 60º/sec. Three players who were left attackers showed shoulder imbalance, four players showed trunk joint imbalance, nine players had knee joint of extension/flexion imbalance and four players showed left/right imbalance. The results showed that the num-ber of volleyball players with differences between the strength of the bi-lateral knee muscles, and between the strength of the hamstrings and quadriceps muscles was higher than the number of players with differ-ences between the strength of the shoulder internal and external rota-tion muscles, and higher than the number of players with differences between the strength of the lower back extension and flexion muscles.

This study compared the effects of ballet exercise and a weight-bear-ing exercise program on body composition, basic physical fitness, and isokinetic knee muscle function in obese women. Twenty-three partici-pants were randomly assigned to the control group (CG, n=7), ballet exercise group (BEG, n=10), and weight-bearing exercise group (WBEG, n=6). Both exercise groups performed 60-min sessions, 3 times a week, with progressively increased intensity. Body weight and percent body fat decreased significantly only in the BEG (P<0.05 and P<0.01), while no significant changes were observed in skeletal muscle mass across all groups. In the basic physical fitness, the BEG and WBEG showed significant improvements in back strength, flexibility, and left-side dy-namic balance, whereas sit-up performance and right-side balance im-proved significantly only in the BEG. For isokinetic knee muscle func-tion, the results were differentiated between muscle strength (60°/sec) and muscular endurance (240°/sec). At 60°/sec, both exercise groups showed significant improvements primarily in left knee extensor strength, including peak torque and relative peak torque. At 240°/sec, both groups demonstrated significant increases in extensor total work for both limbs, indicating enhanced muscular endurance. Additionally, the BEG showed improvements in right knee flexor total work and average power. These findings suggest that ballet exercise is associated with improvements in body composition, basic physical fitness, and lower-limb muscle func-tion in obese women. In particular, ballet exercise may provide compa-rable benefits to weight-bearing exercise in enhancing isokinetic mus-cle function, while offering additional advantages in core endurance and unilateral balance.

선행 연구에서 동적 스트레칭(DS)과 자체 이동(SM)의 효과를 조사했지만, 두 가지 개입을 비교하는 연구는 드물다. 따라 서 본 연구의 목적은 DS와 SM이 발목강도, 등굴신운동범위(DFROM), 균형에 미치는 영향을 비교하여 어느 것이 우수한지를 판단하는데 있다. 32명의 건강한 젊은 성인들이 이 연구에 참여했으며ㅡ 참가자들은 무작위로 두 그룹(SM과 DS)에 할당되었다. DS는 내측 위저근육의 스트레칭을 목적으로 수행하였다. SM 그룹의 경우 발목 관절 SM을 3가지 방법으로 수행하였다. 모든 참가자를 대상으로, 다음과 같은 측정을 사전 및 사후 테스트로 수행하였다: 배면플렉서 및 플랜터플렉서의 등각 강도, DFROM 을 평가하기 위한 가중치 부여 런지테스트(WBLT), 정적 밸런스를 평가하기 위한 Tetrax 시스템, 동적 밸런스를 평가하기 위한 YBT(Ybalance Test). SM군 개입 전후의 발목 등굴근 강도, WBLT, YBT, 체중분포지수(WDI)(베개와 뜬눈, PO), 안정성지수 (ST)(정상눈과 감은눈, NC)에서 유의미한 차이가 발견되었다(p<.05). DS군에서는 발목등굴근 및 족저굴근강도, WBLT, YBT전 방, WDI(정상 및 뜬눈; NO, PO) 및 ST(NO, NC, PO, 베개 및 닫힌눈)에서 개입 전후에 유의미한 차이가 발견되었다(p<.05). 발목 족저 굴곡 강도와 WDI(PO)는 그룹별로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 발목관절 기능향상을 위한 변수 (DFROM, 근력, 균형)에 따라 DS 또는 SM을 선택적으로 사용할 수 있는 가능성을 고려할 수 있다.

Several studies have investigated the effects of dynamic stretching (DS) and self-mobilization (SM), however, studies comparing the two interventions are rare. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of DS and SM on ankle strength, dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM), and balance to determine which is superior. Thirty-two healthy young adults participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups (SM and DS). DS was performed for the purpose of stretching the medial gastrocnemius muscle. For the SM group, ankle joint SM was performed in three ways. For all participants, the following measurements were performed as pre- and post-tests: isometric strength of dorsiflexor and plantar flexor, weight-bearing lunge test (WBLT) to evaluate DFROM, Tetrax system to evaluate static balance, and y balance test (YBT) to evaluate dynamic balance. Significant differences were found in ankle dorsiflexor strength, WBLT, YBT, weight distribution index (WDI) (pillow and opened eyes; PO), and stability index (ST) (normal and closed eyes; NC) before and after intervention in the SM group (p<.05). In the DS group, significant differences were found in ankle dorsiflexor and plantar flexor strength, WBLT, YBT anterior, WDI (normal and opened eyes; NO, PO), and ST (NO, NC, PO, pillow and closed eyes) before and after the intervention (p<.05). Ankle plantar flexor strength and WDI (PO) were significantly different between groups. Based on the results of this study, DS or SM can be considered as a possibility for selective use according to variables for improving ankle joint function (DFROM, muscle strength, balance).

This research was conducted to compare cardiopulmonary function, isokinetic muscle function and muscle fatigue between 9 national-reserve cross-country skiers and 9 general skiers and the following result s were obtained: First, for the test of cardiopulmonary function VO₂ max and maximal heart rate were measured. Statistically, the national reserve group had more favorable results than the general group as evidenced by lower measurements in both tests (p<.05). Second, for the test of isokinetic muscle function, the rotational power around the knee joint was measured at 60°/sec and 180°/sec. For peak torque tests of the flexor muscle at 60°/sec and 180°/sec the national reserve group had higher measurements than the general group (p<.05) and for the average power of the extensor muscle at 180°/sec the national–reserve group had also more favorable results than the general group (p<.05). However, for the tests of peak torque/body weight and total work, the national reserve group had slightly better results than the general group but the difference was statistically insignificant. Third, the degree of leg muscle fatigue was measured. The national-reserve group had slightly lower measurements than the general group, but the difference was statistically insignificant. In conclusion, the national-reserve group had better cardiopulmonary function and muscle function than the general group. Thus, to reduce the difference in athletic ability between the two groups, leaders of general cross-country skiers should focus on intensive training to strengthen cardiopulmonary function and muscles , especially development of training programs suitable to the characteristics of cross-country skiing including seasonal training program (snow season vs. non snow season).

이 연구는 남자 엘리트 체조선수들의 하지근기능과 최대 수직 점프 수행 시 근신경계 변인들과의 관련성을 알아보 고자 수행되었다. G스포츠과학센터의 우수선수 지원사업에 선정된 남자 엘리트 체조 선수(n = 6)와 비교집단(n = 6)을 대상으로 등속성 근기능(Cybex770, USA) 및 최대 수직점프 능력(Opto-Jump, Microgate, Italy)을 측정하였다. 연구 결과를 살펴보면, 엘리트 남자 체조선수들은 양발 최대 수직 점프 수행 시 파워, 반사적 근력, 점프 높이에서 비교집단과 유의한 차이를 나타냈으며(p < .001), 외발 주측 최대 수직 점프 수행 시 파워(p < .01), 반사적 근력(p < .05) 지면접촉시 간(p < .001)에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 반면에 엘리트 체조선수들의 등속성 각근력과 근신경 관련 변인 간의 상관관 계 분석결과에서 외발 비주측 최대 수직 점프 시 지면접촉시간(GCT)의 결과에서만 유의한 상관성이 나타났다(p < .05). 결과적으로 남자 엘리트 체조선수들은 우수한 신경근 기능을 나타냈으며, 등속성 각근력과 최대 수직점프 시 근신경 변인 들과의 상관성이 낮게 나타남으로써 향후 우수선수 육성에 있어 신경근 기능 평가의 중요성이 대두되었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 스포츠현장에서 활용되기 위해서는 후속연구를 통해 대상자와 측정항목을 확대하여 보다 명확한 결과를 제시해야 할 것이다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the muscle nervous system variables and lower limb muscle function in male elite gymnasts. The participants of this study were male elite gymnasts (n = 6) and control group(n = 6). The isokinetic strength (Cybex770, USA) and maximum vertical jump (Opto-Jump, Microgate, Italy) were measured. The results of this study showed that elite gymnasts showed significant differences in power, reactive strength index and jump height during maximum vertical jump(p < .001), and showed significant differences in power (p < .01) and RSI(p < .05) during single vertical jump on dominant side (p < .001). On the other hand, the isokinetic strength and neuromuscular variables of elite gymnasts, only the results of ground contact time (GCT) showed significant correlation when the maximum vertical jump of the non-dominant side (p < .05). As a result, male elite gymnasts showed excellent neuromuscular function and showed low correlation with neuromuscular variables and isokinetic muscle strength, so it is expected to be used as a scientific base data for training plan for performance.

이 연구는 요통을 가진 중년기 여성을 대상으로 8주간 온천수중운동 참여에 따른 개선 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 8주 온천수중운동 프로그램 전·후 신체조성, 등속성근기능 및 요통장애지수를 평가하였으며 혼합설계 이원변량분석으 로 분석하였다. 유의한 차이가 발생하는 경우 bonferroni 방법으로 사후검증하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 신 체조성 중 체중은 사후에 짐단 간 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 체지방율은 온천수중운동군에서 시기 간 유의하게 감소하였 다. 둘째, 등속성 허리 굽힘 및 폄 근력 중 최대일량과 평균파워는 온천수중운동군에서 유의하게 증가하였다. 셋째, 요통장 애지수는 온천수중운동군에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 결과적으로 온천을 활용한 8주 수중운동 프로그램이 허리 폄 및 굽 힘 근력을 향상시키고 통증수준을 감소하는 데 효과적임을 확인하였으며, 지상운동의 어려움을 겪는 노인, 비만인 등을 대상으로 한 요통의 중재요법으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of participation in hot spring exercise on middle-aged women with back pain for 8 weeks. Body composition, isokinetic function, and oswestry disability index(ODI) were assessed before and after the 8-week hot spring exercise program and analyzed by mixed design two-way ANOVA. In the case of significant differences, the following results were obtained by post-hoc using the bonferroni. First, among the body compositions, there was a significant difference in body weight between the groups after 8-week, and the body fat significantly decreased between the periods in hot spring exercise group. Second, total work and average power during isokinetic lumbar flexion and extension significantly increased in the hot spring exercise group. Third, the ODI significantly decreased in hot spring exercise group. As a result, it was confirmed that an 8-week aquatic exercise program using hot springs was effective in improving the back extension and flexion muscle strength and reducing pain levels, and it is thought that it can be used as an interventional therapy for back pain in elderly people and obese people who have difficulty with land-based exercise.

본 연구는 고등학교 엘리트 카약 선수들의 등속성 근기능, 균형성, 유연성, 신체 조성 등을 검사 및 진단하여 선수들 의 경기력 향상과 부상 예방을 위한 훈련 방법론에 대한 조언을 하고자 실시되었다. 11명의 선수들을 대상으로, Biodex system Ⅳ, Biodex stabilizer system, Inbody 3.0, CNP-5403을 사용하여 근기능(peak torque, average power, work fatigue)·동적 균형·신체 성분·유연성 검사를 하였다. 선수들의 BMI 평균은 22.57kg/㎡ , 체지방률은 10.90%, 체전굴은 16.95cm, 밸런스 점수는 좌우 각각 1.55, 1.49로 나타났다. S4, S5, S8, S10, S11은 어깨 근력과 파워 훈련이, S5, S6, S10, S11은 어깨 근지구력 훈련이 필요한 것으로 평가되었다. S5, S7, S8, S10, S11은 무릎 근력과 파워 훈련이, S1, S4, S5, S10은 무릎 근지구력 훈련이 요구되었다. S3, S10, S11은 손목 근지구력 강화 훈련이 필요했다. 추후 근기능 불균형으로 인한 경기 력 저하와 잠재적 부상의 위험을 줄이기 위해선 획일화된 근력 훈련 프로그램을 지양하고, 정기적인 근기능 검사와 함께 개인별로 특화된 훈련 프로그램을 수립해야 한다.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate elite high school kayaker's iso-kinetic muscle function and provide physical training advices. Biodex system Ⅳ, Biodex stabilizer system, Inbody 3.0 and CNP-5403 are used to investigate 11 kayaker’s muscle function(peak torque, average power and work fatigue), dynamic balance, body compositions, and flexibility. S4, S5, S8, S10, S11 are needed to train shoulder muscle strength and power. S5, S6, S10, S11 are needed to strengthen shoulder muscle endurance. S5, S7, S8, S10, S11 are needed to train knee muscle strength and power. S1, S4, S5, S10 are needed to strengthen knee muscle endurance. S3, S10, S11 are needed to train wrist muscle endurance. Based on these results we should establish an muscle function enhancing program with periodic inspection for elite kayakers. And standardized training program should be sublated.

본 연구는 농구선수의 성별에 따른 등속성 무릎관절 근기능에 대한 차이를 알아보고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 고등학교 농구 선수 총 23명(남자: 11명, 여자: 12명)을 대상으로 Biodex를 이용하여 60ﾟ/sec와 90ﾟ/sec 각속도에 서 무릎관절 굴곡근과 신전근에 대한 등속성 근기능을 측정하였으며, 최대근력, 체중당 최대근력, 평균 근파워, HQ ratio 에 대해 집단내 좌·우측 및 성별에 대한 차이를 분석하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 60ﾟ/sec와 90ﾟ/sec 등속성 근기 능에서 남녀 모두 좌우측에 대한 차이는 없었지만, 여자 선수는 남자 선수에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 둘째, 60ﾟ/sec와 90ﾟ /sec의 HQ ratio는 남녀 모두 좌우측에 대한 차이는 없었지만 좌측의 경우 여자 선수는 남자 선수에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 이러한 결과는 여자 농구 선수의 근기능 상태가 남자 농구 선수에 비해 매우 부족할 뿐만 아니라 HQ ratio가 낮다는 것을 의미한 다. 따라서 여자 농구 선수들의 상해예방 및 경기력 향상을 위해서는 무릎관절의 근력 및 근파워 트레이닝을 통한 하지 근력의 강화가 이루어져야 할 것이며, 특히 무릎관절 굴곡근 강화에 대한 트레이닝 프로그램이 마련되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender difference in the isokinetic muscle function of the knee joint in high school basketball players. Twenty-three high school basketball players (11 males and 12 females) participated in this study. The knee flexion and extension were measured at 60 degrees/sec and 90 degrees/sec angular velocity using Biodex for the evaluation of isokinetic muscle function, and the difference between the two lower limbs for maximum muscle strength, maximum muscle power per body weight, average muscle power, and HQ ratio were analyzed. As a result of the study, there was no significant difference in the left and right measurement values for both men and women in the isokinetic muscle function of 60 degrees/sec and 90 degrees/sec, but the results of female athletes were significantly lower than male athletes. The HQ ratios of 60ﾟ/sec and 90ﾟ/sec did not differ from both men and women, but the values of left legs in female athletes was significantly lower than those of male athletes. Thus, the lower isokinetic muscle function and HQ ratio of female basketball players indicate an insufficient isokinetic muscle function ability comparted to men players. Therefore, in order to prevent injury and improve performance of female basketball players, it is necessary to strengthen the lower extremity muscle strength through muscle strength and muscle power training of the knee joint, and in particular, it is recommended that a training program for strengthening knee joint flexion should be prepared.

본 연구에서는 고등학교 배구선수를 대상으로 성별에 따른 등속성 근기능, 무산소성 운동능력 및 기초체력을 비교 하였다. 연구대상자는 여자 10명과 남자 12명이었으며, 이들을 대상으로 무릎관절 등속성 근기능, 무산소성 운동능력, 근력, 근지구력, 순발력, 민첩성, 유연성 등을 평가하였다. 성별에 따른 차이를 검증하기 독립표본 t-test를 실시하였다. 등속성 무릎관절 근력 결과, 왼쪽 신근력(p < .001)과 오른쪽 신근력(p < .001), 왼쪽 굴근력(p < .001)과 오른쪽 굴근력 (p < .001) 모두 여자선수가 남자선수 보다 낮은 것으로 나타났고, 오른쪽 무릎관절 굴/신 비율도 여자선수가 남자선수 보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다(p < .05). 무산소성파워 결과, 최대파워(p < .001), 평균파워(p < .001), 전체에너지(p < .01) 모두 여자선수가 남자선수 보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 기초체력 결과, 남자선수는 여자선수 보다 서전트 점프(p < .001), 배근력(p < .001), 윗몸일으키기(p < .05)가 높은 것으로 나타났으나, 여자선수는 남자선수 보다 반복점프(p < .01), 사이드스텝(p < .001), 눈감고 외발서기(p < .05), 체전굴(p < .01)과 체후굴(p < .05)에서 높은 것으로 나타났 다. 결론적으로, 본 연구는 고등학교 배구선수들은 성별에 따른 하지 근기능, 무산소성 운동능력, 기초체력에 차이가 있음 을 제안하였다.

The purpose of this study was to compare isokinetic muscle function of knee joint, anaerobic exercise ability, and basic physical fitness in volleyball players according to the gender. The subjects of this study were 10 women and 12 men. They were measured on the isokinetic muscular function of the knee joint, anaerobic exercise ability, muscle strength, muscle endurance, power, agility, flexibility. Independent t-test was applied to two groups. This study was significantly lower the women than the men on the extensor function of the left (p < .001) and the right (p < .001), flexor function of the left (p < .001) and the right (p < .001) knee joint in the 60 °/sec. Also, it was showed that H/Q ratio lower the women than the men in the right side (p < .05). This study was significantly lower the women than the men on the peak power (p < .001), average power (p < .001), and total energy (p < .01). This study was significantly higher the men than the women on the standing vertical jump (p < .001), back strength (p < .001), and sit-up (p < .05). However, this study was significantly higher the women than the men on the repetition jump (p < .01), sidestep test (p < .001), single leg stance (p < .05), trunk forward flexion (p < .01) and backward flexion (p < .05). In conclusion, this study was suggested that the volleyball players were showed differences in isokinetic muscle function of lower extremity, anaerobic exercise ability, and basic physical fitness according to the gender.

본 연구는 여자대학축구선수들을 대상으로 포지션별 등속성 근기능과 기초체력을 비교하였다. 총 35명을 대상으 로 무릎관절 등속성 근기능, 근력, 근지구력, 순발력, 민첩성, 유연성, 무산소성파워 등의 기초체력을 평가하였다. 포지션 별로 차이를 검증하기 위해 일원배치분산분석을 실시하였으며, 사후검증은 Scheffe로 실시하였다. 등속성 무릎관절 근 력 측정 결과에서 왼쪽 신근력(p<.05)과 굴근력(p<.01) 모두 공격수가 수비수 보다 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 오른쪽 굴근력도 공격수가 수비수 보다 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 또한 등속성 무릎관절 평균파워 측정 결과, 오른쪽 굴근 평균파워에서 공격수가 수비수 보다 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 기초체력 측정결과, 공격수는 수비수(p<.001)와 미드필더(p<.01) 보다 서전트 점프가 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 공격수는 미드필더 보다 사이드스텝 횟수가 더 많은 것으 로 나타났다(p<.01). 또한 무산소성 파워 측정결과, 무산소성 최대파워(p<.05)와 체중당 최대파워(p<.05) 모두 공격수 가 미드필드 보다 높게 나타났으며, 체중당 최대파워는 공격수가 수비수 보다 높게 나타났다(p<.05). 결론적으로, 본 연구는 여자축구선수들이 포지션에 따라 하지 근기능과 기초체력에 차이가 있음을 제안하였다.

The purpose of this study was to compare isokinetic muscle function of knee joint and basic physical fitness in female soccer player according to the position. The subjects of this study were 35 women. They were measured on the isokinetic muscular function of the knee joint, muscle strength, muscle endurance, muscle power, flexibility, anaerobic power. A one-way ANOVA was applied to three groups (striker, defender, midfielder)and post-hoc test was used Scheffe. The results obtained from the study are as follows. First, this study was significantly higher the striker than the defender at the extensor and flexor function of the left (p<.05) and flexor function of the right (p<.01). Second, this study was significantly higher the striker than the defender on the average power at the flexor of the right (p<.05). Third, this study was significantly higher the striker than the defender and midfielder on the standing vertical jump (p<.05). Also, the side-step test of striker group were significantly higher than the midfielder(p<.01). Finally, the anaerobic peak power and anaerobic peak power of body weight test of striker group were significantly higher than the midfielder (p<.05). Also, anaerobic peak power of body weight test of striker group were significantly higher than the defender(p<.05). In conclusion, this study was suggested that the female soccer players were showed differences in isokinetic muscle function of lower extremity and basic physical fitness according to the position.

본 연구에서는 사이클 청소년대표선수의 신체구성과 등속성 근기능 및 무산소성 파워를 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구 를 위해 경기력이 우수한 2019년 청소년대표선수 중 단거리 15명(남9명, 여6명) 및 중장거리 18명(남12명, 여6명) 총 33명의 선수를 연구대상으로 선정하여 신체구성(신장, 체중, 체지방량, 체지방률, 제지방량, 골격근비율), 등속성 근 기능(60°/sec, 180°/sec), 무산소성 파워(윈게이트검사)를 측정하였다. 측정된 자료 분석방법은 독립 t-test와 일원 변량분석(one-way ANOVA)을 이용하여 실시하였다. 연구결과를 살펴보면, 신장, 체중, 제지방량, 골격근 비율은 단거 리와 중장거리에서 남자 선수들이 여자 선수들보다 유의하게 높았고(p < .05), 하지의 최대 근력(peak torque)은 우측과 좌측의 최대 신근력과 굴근력에서 유의한 차이를 보였으며(p < .05), 하지의 평균 파워(average power)는 우측과 좌측 신근과 굴근에서 역시 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p < .05). 또한, 무산소성 최대파워와 평균파워는 그룹 간에 유의한 차이를 보였다(p < .05). 따라서 본 연구의 자료를 토대로 경기력과 관련된 체력요인을 향상 시킬 수 있는 종목별 훈련프로그램을 계획하고 수행한다면, 향후 선수들의 경기력 향상에 도움이 될 수 있는 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

This study compared and analyzed the body composition, isokinetic muscle function, and anaerobic power among youth cycling national team players. The participants were 33 cyclists who were selected as youth national team in 2019 consisting of short-distance(9 men, 6 women) and mid-range(12 men, 6 women) players. height, weight, body fat mass, body fat percentage, lean body mass, skeletal muscle ratio, isokinetic muscle function (60°/sec, 180°/sec), and anaerobic power (Wingate test) were measured. As for the method of analyzing the measured data, an independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were used. The results showed that the height, weight, lean body mass, and skeletal muscle ratio were significantly higher in male and female athletes at short and medium distances(p < .05). There was a significant difference in muscle strength and flexion strength(p < .05), and the average power of the lower extremity(p < .05). The anoxic maximum power and the average power showed significant differences between groups(p < .05). Therefore, based on the data of this study, if a training program for each event that can improve the fitness factors related to performance is planned and executed, it is considered that it can be used as a basic data that can help improve the performance of athletes in the future.

등속성 근기능은 선수들의 근력과 앞십자인대 부상 위험 정도를 알아 볼 수 있으며, 수면은 생리적 측면과 심리적 측면에서 선수들의 경기력과 관련되어 모두 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 청소년 핸드볼 선수들을 대상으로 수면의 질, 등속성 근기능 그리고 스포츠 수행 전력과의 관계를 알아보고 청소년 핸드볼 선수들의 경기력 향상을 위한 기초자료 제 공에 그 목적이 있다. 중·고등학교 핸드볼 선수로 44명(남자 25명, 여자 19명)을 대상으로 구성하였다. 모든 대상자들 은 신체조성, 수면의 질, 등속성 근기능 그리고 스포츠 수행 전략을 측정하였다. 수면의 질을 나타내는 총점에서 여자 선수들(p<.05)이 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 등속성 근기능에서 좌·우측 최대 굴·신 각근력과 각근파워에서 모두 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 하지만 동측 굴근과 신근의 균형비에서 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 스포츠 수행 전략에서 감정 조절이 남자 선수들(p<.05)이 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 청소년 여자 선수들의 H/Q ratio가 정상 범위보다 낮게 나타남 으로 앞십자인대 부상의 위험이 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한 수면의 질은 연령의 증가에 따라 저하 되는 것으로 나타났 으며 수면의 질 향상은 긴장풀기의 심리적 강화와 상관관계를 나타내어 경기력 향상에 영향을 줄 것으로 사료된다.

Isokinetic muscle function can be determine the strength of athletes and the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury, and sleep is important both in physiological and psychological aspects in relation to the performance of athletes. This research aimed to investigate the relationship among quality of sleep, isokinetic muscle function, and sports performance strategies for adolescent handball players, and provide basic data for improving the performance of adolescent handball players. 44 adolescent handball players were recruited. All participants measured body composition, sleep quality, isokinetic muscle function, and sports performance strategy. Sleep quality was significantly higher in female athletes(p<.05). Isokinetic muscle function were significantly in right·left maximal flexion and extension. Emotional control was significantly higher in male athletes(p<.05). The H/Q ratio of female athletes was lower than normal range which the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Also, the sleep quality decreased with increasing aged. The improvement of sleep quality correlated with the psychological of relaxation, which may affect the improvement of performance.

본 연구의 목적은 여자 실업팀 핸드볼선수들을 대상으로 국내 코로나19가 확산되는 기간 전, 후로 무릎관절의 등속성 근기능, 무산소성 운동능력의 전문체력과 근력, 근지구력, 순발력, 민첩성, 유연성 등의 기초체력을 비교 분석하는 것이다. 무릎관절의 각근력을 측정한 결과 왼쪽 무릎관절 굴근력이 통계적으로 유의하게 감소한 것으로 나타났다(p < .05). 또한 무산소성 파워에서 최대파워와 피크 드롭은 통계적으로 유의하게 감소한 것으로 나타났다(p < .05). 그러나 기초체력에서 체중, 근력, 근지구력, 순발력, 민첩성, 유연성을 측정한 결과, 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다 (p > .05). 이러한 결과들을 미루어 볼 때 코로나19로 인한 운동 중지는 핸드볼 선수들에게 근력과 무산소성 파워에 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다. 이에 코로나19에 대응한 적절한 운동 프로그램 개발과 집 기반으로 복합적으로 실시할 수 있는 훈련 가이드를 제시할 수 있는 연구가 필요하다.

The purpose of this study was to compare female business team handball players before and during the period when domestic Corona19 was developed, that comparative analysis of isokinetic muscle function, anaerobic power, basic fitness such as muscular strength, muscle endurance, power, agility, and flexibility. As a result of measuring the angular strength of the knee joint, it was found that the flexor strength of the left knee joint was statistically significantly reduced(p < .05). Also, the anaerobic power showed a statistically significant decrease in the maximum power and the peak drop(p < .05). But as a result of measuring body weight, muscle strength, muscular endurance, quickness, agility, and flexibility in basic fitness, there was no statistically significant difference(p > .05). Based on these results, the suspension of exercise due to Corona19 is believed to have affected the muscle strength and anaerobic power of handball players. I need for research that can develop an appropriate exercise program in response to Corona 19 and present a training guide that can be carried out complexly on a home basis.