Earticle

Purpose : Worker's occupational disease are on the rise, and there are also more and more harmful condition. This study aims to improve the health of workers by establishing health rules before they have health problems. Methods : The study derived health practices by health problem, health care field through the meeting of the researchers, reviewed the literature and existing statistical data, and drew 17 health and behavioral conditions for workers. The Delphi survey was conducted on 16 people in the industrial and health sectors twice to elicit 10 questions, which were consulted by labor, management and experts, and the final statement was issued. Results : 1. Making stairs and walking a living 2. Make sure you never smoke cigarettes, make a low-maintenance dining culture 3. Eat evenly regularly, don't eat late at night 4. Get regular 7-8 hours of rest during work hours 6. Get regular vaccinations and cancer checkups 7. Start to respect each other for 10 minutes a day before you know yourself and take care of yourself. 8. Respecting each other and practicing actions 9. Stretching before starting work 10. Knowing the cause of the workplace and wearing the correct protective gear have been finally decided as the top 10 health rules for office workers. Conclusion : 10 Health practice for workers established above to many workers will contribute to the health problems of workers, reduced occupational diseases and a happy working life.

Purpose: This study examined breast cancer screening practice and health promoting behaviors and the predicting factors of breast cancer screening practice in Chinese women. Methods: A correlational research design was used to recruit a convenience sample of 770 women living in four cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Xi’an) in China. Participants completed self-report questionnaire consisting of general characteristics, breast cancer screening, health promoting behaviors,perceived benefits and perceived barriers. Results: The participants were mostly 3655 years old (51.3%), married (86.8%), premenopause (77.7%),had children (83.4%), and breastfed (73%). About 60% of Chinese women participated in some type of breast cancer screening practices, among them only 60 (7.8%) women used mammography, ultrasonogram and breast self-examination. The main reason for doing breast cancer screening was "feeling necessary for the screening". About 36% of the participants reported they did not perform any of screening practices, because they "don’t feel it necessary". The women who had breast cancer screening regularly reported better health promoting behavior and perceived benefits and less perceived barriers than those who did not (F ¼ 10.45, p < .001). Logistic regression showed that model 1 (age, higher education, being employed) and model 2 (perceived benefits and health behaviors) were the significant predicting factors (p < .05), explaining 1013.8% of variance in breast cancer screening practice. Conclusion: On the basis of these results, public education about importance of breast cancer screening and health promoting behavior should be strongly advocated by health professionals and mass media in China.

Purpose This paper is a report of the results of a literature review conducted with the goal of identifying the nursing process components: assessment, diagnoses, interventions and outcomes related to health promotion in adults with hypertension in primary settings. Methods A search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PantherCat Online Catalogue of UWM database,PsycInfo, Cochrane Database, and Social Services Abstracts was conducted to retrieve literature published from 1988 to 2006. Results A total of 115 articles were reviewed. Overall, 70 relevant studies were selected on health promotion in adults with hypertension in primary settings. A total of 39 nursing process components (nursing diagnoses outcomes and interventions) related to health promotion with adults with high blood pressure were identified in primary healthcare settings. Conclusions Research-based evidence material provides an evidence-based nursing practice guideline with specific nursing process components on the topic. The evidence-based nursing practice guideline developed from this referential study for promoting health of adults with hypertension should be reflected in nursing practice in primary healthcare settings. For a future study, focus groups and key informant interview are recommended with nurses who actually provide nursing services in primary healthcare settings to clients who are diagnosed with high blood pressure. [Asian Nursing Research 2010;4(4):227?245]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore practice-based evidence for health promotion in vulnerable populations with hypertension in primary health care settings. Methods: Two methodological procedures were adopted for this triangulation study. In the first phase, the sample was obtained from the computerized clinical data repository of a community nursing center. A total of 286 clients were assessed for hypertension as an actual circulation problem as coded in the Omaha System. In the second phase, a qualitative focus group was surveyed through semi-structured interviews conducted by nine advanced practice nurses who had been serving the hypertensive patients. Results: The community nurses provided essential primary healthcare services including health teaching guidance and counseling, and surveillance to vulnerable populations living in medically underserved community. There was a significant positive correlation between knowledge and behavior (r=.53, p<.01), between knowledge and health status (r=.40, p<.05), and between behavior and health status (r=.48, p<.01). Conclusion: This triangulation study encompassed not only quantitative findings from the computerized records of clients but also other information acquired from advanced practice nurses. This study contributes to understanding the importance of health promotion nursing interventions even with populations already diagnosed with chronic diseases such as hypertension.

Purpose: It is extremely difficult to apply the model learned in basic education for public health nurses (PHNs) to conduct community health assessments. The purpose of this study was to clarify the process by which community health needs can be structured through PHNs’ daily practice. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted in 29 PHNs, and continuous comparative analysis using a qualitative study was performed with a modified grounded theory approach. Results: The participants “used their five senses to understand the relationship between the health and life of people” and “considered those who do not attend” by “learning from stakeholders.” To verify such subjective feelings sourced from vague phenomena within the communities, subjective phenomena were converted into qualitative data. Conclusion: The application of the findings to organizational continuous education systems may not only help appropriately improve community health assessment methods but can also help improve the evaluation of daily practice and contribute to professional human-resource development.

Purpose This study aimed to describe the range of participation of nursing faculty members and their collaborators in multidisciplinary primary health care in Korea and to analyze facilitators, benefits, barriers, and learned lessons. Methods An exploratory descriptive research design was utilized. A total of 13 nursing faculty members and 13 multidisciplinary collaborators were interviewed face to face using a brief questionnaire and semi-structured interview guide. Descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, and content analysis were used for data analysis. Results About 43% of the nursing faculty had multidisciplinary primary health care experience. Facilitators included a government-funded research/demonstration project, personal belief and expertise in primary health care, and well-delineated role boundaries. Benefits included improved quality of life, more convenient community life, meeting multifaceted needs of community residents, and enhanced research activities. Barriers were lack of teamwork; territoriality and self-protective behaviors; lack of insight into primary health care among stakeholders; nurses undervaluing their work; and the rigid bureaucratic system of public health centers. Learned lessons were the importance of teamwork and its synergistic benefits, the importance of conducting clinically relevant research, having the government’s support in the improvement of public health, developing health policies through multidisciplinary primary health care (M-D PHC) work, and respecting each other’s territory and expertise. Conclusion Teamwork should be included in all health professions’ curricula, and nursing clinical practicums should include primary health care in all specialty areas. More faculties should engage in multidisciplinary primary health care. The benefits of a multidisciplinary approach to primary health care outweigh the difficulties experienced by multidisciplinary team members. The findings of this study may be useful for future multidisciplinary primary health care work worldwide. [Asian Nursing Research 2008; 2(1):25?34]

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the level of EBP competence consisting of knowledge, attitude, and skills, and related factors with EBP competence for the faculty members working in community health nursing. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional was done with 42 faculty members using a self-administered questionnaire including demographic characteristics, EBP-related training/education, and the modified-Korean version of competence in EBP with 25 items from December 1, 2014 to March 2, 2015. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, Student’s t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Results: The mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and skills were 3.98, 4.14, and 4.01 on a five point scale, respectively. And, participants who have experienced in teaching EBP showed higher in knowledge in EBP than others (t=-2.38, p=0.022). Conclusions: This study indicates that Korean faculty members working in community health nursing have a positive attitude toward EBP but they do not rate their knowledge in EBP as positively. Only experience of teaching EBP is related with the knowledge in EBP. Therefore, an educational program needs to be developed, offering knowledge and developing necessary skills to promote EBP for faculty members. Further studies using larger sample size are required to increase the representativeness and generalizability of the study results.

.

This study aimed to determine the relationships between the quality of life, health condition, and caring in terms of health practice behaviors of parents of children with developmental disabilities. Two hundred for-ty-three parents of children with developmental disabilities participated. We examined the quality of life; the health practice behavior question-naire comprised details of health condition, caring behavior, and diet, and it used a 10-point scale for scoring. The data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance; linear regression was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 23.0. The results indicated that there were as-sociations between quality of life, relations with family members, rela-tions with neighbors, living standards, physical condition, and function among the subfactors. There were significant differences between ex-ercise practice behavior, quality of life, relations with family, relations with neighbors, living standards, physical condition and functioning, emotional state, and self-esteem among subfactors. It was found that there were significant differences between diet behavior and quality of life, and physical condition and function, emotional state in sub factor of quality of life. Based on the results of this study, if a health promotion behavior program is developed and applied systematically, it will con-tribute to improving the quality of life for parents’ children with develop-mental disabilities.

An ethno-medical investigation was carried out to understand the use of plants in indigenous health care practice of the Hajong tribe community in North Eastern Bangladesh. The study of ethnobotany relating to any tribe is in itself a very intricate or long-winded process. The present study was done through structured questionnaires in consultations with the tribal practitioners and has resulted in the documentation of 25 plant species belonging to 21 families including herbs (36%), shrubs (32%), trees (28%) and climber (4%) were frequently used by the Hajong tribe for curing 27 ailments. For curing ailments, the use of aboveground plant parts was higher (86.67%) than the underground plant parts (13.33%). Leaf was used in the majority of cases for medicinal preparation (13 species), followed by fruits (7 species), root/rhizome (4 species), whole plant (3 species) and besides these, seed, latex and bark were used one species each, respectively. The study thus underlines the potentials of the ethnobotanical research and the need for the documentation of indigenous healthcare knowledge pertaining to the medicinal plant utilization for the greater benefit of mankind.

Evidence-based approaches are prominent on the national and international agendas for health policy and health promotion. Thus the purpose of this research is to find out the need of a mental health program for the community and create an organized and all-around mental health program using the evidence-based practice. The research was done as a descriptive study with 861 randomly chosen subjects living in Seo-gu, Busan. After analyzing the data, the highest need of the citizens was in mental health promotion education program for the children and youth, and suicide prevention program in adults and the elderly. Therefore it was possible to create programs according to the stages of the life cycle, such as depression management guide and stress control programs for the children and youth, suicide prevention education, gate-keeper education program, programs for the family of suicide for adults and visiting programs for the elderly of the community.

원헬스(One Health)는 사람과 동물, 환경의 건강이 하나로 연결된 다는 개념이다. 기후위기, ESG, 가치소비 등 최근 화두를 반영한 원헬스 개념은 기독교 대학의 교육철학과 일맥상통하며 사회복지 전공 과 관련성이 높다. 본 연구에서는 원헬스 개념을 도입하고 성경과 기독 교 신학, 윤리의 교차점을 탐색하고 기독교 사회복지 교육과 실천 방안 을 제안하였다. 첫째, 원헬스 개념을 기독교 사회복지 교육에 통합하는 것은 하나님의 창조와 청지기직 체계의 맥락 내에서 인간 건강, 동물 건강, 환경 사이의 상호 연관성을 이해하는 포괄적이고 전체적인 접근 방식을 제공할 수 있다. 둘째, 원헬스 원칙을 기독교 사회복지 실천 프로그램에 통합하면 복잡한 건강 문제를 해결하는 사회복지사의 역량 을 향상시킬 수 있다. 셋째, 기독교 사회복지는 원헬스 개념에 윤리적 틀을 적용하여 공동선을 증진하고 정의, 연민, 책임 등 기독교 가치와 일치하는 사회사업 관행 및 정책을 옹호할 수 있다.

One Health is a concept that means the health of people, animals, and the environment are connected as one. The concept of One-health, which reflects recent topics such as climate crisis, ESG, and value consumption, is consistent with the educational philosophy of Christian universities and is highly related to the social welfare major. This study introduced the concept of One Health and explored the intersection of the Bible, Christian theology, and ethics, and proposed Christian social welfare education and practice plans. First, integrating One Health concepts into Christian social work education can provide a comprehensive and holistic approach to understanding the interconnections between human health, animal health, and the environment within the context of God's creation and stewardship framework. Second, integrating One Health principles into Christian social work practice programs can improve the capacity of social workers to solve complex health problems. Third, Christian social work can apply an ethical framework to One Health issues to promote the common good and advocate for social work practices and policies that are consistent with Christian values of justice, compassion, and responsible stewardship.

Digital health is the convergence of the digital and genomic revolutions with health, healthcare, living and society. As we are seeing and experiencing digital health is empowering us to better track, manage, and improve our own and our family's health, live better, more productive lives, and improve society. It’s also helping to reduce inefficiencies in health care delivery, improve, access, reduce costs, increase quality and make medicine more personalized and precise. With a population of around 1.2 billion, most of them reside in rural areas and delivering the information about healthcare technology to everyone is difficult. Rural areas face the biggest shortage of healthcare capacity in India. So, a step is taken to understand the knowledge and opinions of rural population towards digital health. A study was conducted on 131 participants to know the opinion of digital healthcare.Statistical tools like percentage and mean was used. Several innovations have been explained like e-health, telemedicine, virtual consultation, smart pills which are implemented in most of the urban areas and can be applied to rural areas to improve health and lifestyle of Indian population.

서론: 본 연구는 한국 노인의 대표성을 가진 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 토대로 구강보건실천행위 변수와 건강 관련 삶의 질 간의 관계를 조사하고, 구강보건실천행위 변수에 따른 잔존 치아 수 차이 분석을 통해 구강보건실천 행위가 건강 관련 삶의 질에 미치는 직접적, 간접적 효과를 규명하고자 한다. 본 연구 결과를 통하여 노인 대상 구 강건강 증진을 위한 체계적 예방 중재 프로그램 설계 및 관련 보건정책 수립에 실증적 근거를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법: 제9기 2차년도(2023) 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 사용였으며, 만 65세 이상인 총 1,713명을 연구대상 으로 하였다. 인구사회학적 특성, 구강보건실천행위, 건강 관련 삶의 질, 정신건강 변수를 원시자료 그대로 이용하 거나 새로운 생성 변수를 만들어 분석에 사용하였다. 노인의 구강보건실천행위, 정신건강 변수에 따른 건강 관련 삶의 질, 현재 치아 수 차이를 알아보기 t-검정(independent t-test)과 분산분석(one-way ANOVA)으로 분석하였다. 노 인의 건강 관련 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보고자 다중 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과: 노인의 구강보건실천행위에 따른 삶의 질과 현재 치아 수 차이는 구강보건실천행위의 모든 변수에서 통 계적으로 유의하였다(p≦0.05). 구강보건실천행위 요인을 추가한 Model 3에서는 인구사회학적 요인 변수와 정신건 강 변수 모두 통계적으로 유의하였다(p≦0.05). 노인의 삶의 질은 단순히 치아 수뿐 아니라 자신의 구강건강에 대한 인식, 씹기·말하기 기능, 치통 및 미치료 경험 등 다양한 구강보건실천행위와 밀접하게 연관된는 것을 확인하였 다. 특히 본인 인지 구강건강상태와 씹기, 말하기는 인구사회학적 요인과 정신건강 요인을 통제한 이후에도 삶의 질에 독립적으로 영향을 미치는 핵심 요인으로 확인되었다. 결론: 노인 대상 구강건강 증진 방법은 단순한 증상 치료를 넘어서 예방 중심의 정기검진 및 스케일링 사업 확대, 구강기능 유지 프로그램과 심리사회적 지원을 통합하는 포괄적 접근이 필요하다고 판단되며, 인구사회학적 취약 요인을 고려하여 사회적 고립 상태에 있는 노인을 대상으로 우선적 정책 개입이 요구된다. 노인의 삶의 질 개선을 위한 노인구강보건사업 및 구강건강증진을 위한 체계적 예방 중재 프로그램 설계 및 관련 보건정책 수립이 되어야 할 것이다.

Background: This study aims to investigate the direct and indirect effects of oral health behavior on healthrelated quality of life of the elderly in Korea. Methods: Raw data from the 9th 2nd year (2023) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used, and a total of 1,836 people aged 65 or older were studied. Demographic characteristics, oral health behavior, health-related quality of life, and mental health variables were used. Independent t-test and one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the difference in health-related quality of life according to the oral health behavior of the elderly, mental health variables, and the current number of teeth. Results: Differences in health-related quality of life were found according to the elderly's oral health behavior and the current number of teeth (p < 0.05). Model 3, which included oral health behavior factors and mental health variables, was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The quality of life was confirmed to be closely associated with various oral health factors, such as recognition and treatment experience, and mental health. In particular, mental health factors were identified as a key factor affecting the quality of life, even after controlling for demographic variables. Conclusion: The method of promoting oral health for the elderly needs a comprehensive approach that integrates prevention-oriented regular check-ups and scaling projects, oral function maintenance programs, and psychosocial support beyond simple symptom treatment, and priority policy intervention is required for the elderly in social isolation in consideration of demographic and vulnerable factors.

본 연구는 성인의 주관적 구강 건강상태와 건강 실천행위가 구강 건강 관련 자기효능감에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 부산광역시에 거주하는 성인을 대상으로 설문 조사를 시행한 후, SPSS 21.0 프로그램을 사용하여 분석 하였다. 주관적 구강 건강 상태가 좋을수록 칫솔질 관련 자기효능감(p<.001)과 구강 건강관리 자기효능감(p<.01)이 유의하게 높게 나타났고, 건강 실천 행위를 이행할수록 칫솔질 관련 자기효능감(p<.001)과 구강 건강관리 자기효능 감(p<.001)이 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 주관적 구강 건강상태가 좋을수록 구강 건강 관련 자기효능감에 긍정적 영 향을 미치며(p<.001), 운동, 건강 책임이행, 흡연 순으로 건강 실천 행위를 이행할수록 구강 건강 관련 자기효능감 에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 따라서 전신건강과 구강건강의 상호 융합적 계속 구강 보건 프 로그램 개발의 기초 자료로 활용되어 성인의 포괄적 건강 및 구강건강 증진에 기여하고자한다.

In order to investigate the effects of subjective oral health status and health practice behavior on oral health-related self-efficacy in adults, a survey was conducted in adults living in Busan and analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 program. The better the subjective oral health status, brushing-related self-efficacy and oral health management self-efficacy were significantly higher. The better the health practice behavior, brushing-related self-efficacy and oral health management self-efficacy were significantly higher. The better the subjective oral health status, the more positively it affected oral health-related self-efficacy. The implementation of health practice behavior in order of exercise, health responsibility implementation, and smoking showed a positive effect on oral health-related self-efficacy. Therefore, we hope that the results of this study are used as fundamental data for development of continued oral health programs converging systemic and oral health and contribute to the promotion of comprehensive and oral health in adults.

본 연구는 노인의 건강실천행위가 치아건강도를 매개하여 건강관련 삶의 질(EQ-5D)을 예측할 수 있는지를 알아보 기 위해 시행하였다. 연구대상은 2015년도 국민건강영양조사를 이용하여 만 65세 이상 총 1,311명의 노인으로 하였으며, SPSS 24.0 프로그램과 SPSS PROCESS macro를 이용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 노인의 동거유형에 따른 건강실천 행위와 EQ-5D의 경우 부부를 포함한 1세대 동거(4.62, 0.90)가 가장 높았으며 독거노인(4.40, 0.86)이 가장 낮게 조사되었다. 또한, PROCESS macro를 통한 매개효과 검증결과, FS-T 지수가 건강실천행위와 EQ-5D의 관계에서 매개효과가 있는 것 으로 나타났다(β=.0011, BCCI [.003～.0024]). 이러한 결과는 FS-T 지수가 노인의 건강관련 삶의 질에 밀접하게 연관되어 있으며, 향후 노인을 대상으로 하는 건강증진프로그램 개발에 필요한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있으리라 생각된다.

This study was to examine whether an elderly can health-related quality of life(EQ-5D) by the mediating effect of dental health determinants on the association between health practice behavior and EQ-5D. The analysis was conducted on 1,311 of above the age of 65 in elderly by using raw data from the 2015 National Health and Nutrition Survey. The data were analyzed using SPSS for windows version 24.0 and SPSS PROCESS-macro. The health practice behavior and EQ-5D by living arrangement were the highest in the one-generation family(4.62, 0.90) and the lowest the elderly living alone(4.40, 0.86). Also, analysis using the PROCESS macro indicated that the FS-T index has a mediating effect between health practice behavior and EQ-5D(β=.0011, BCCI [.003～.0024]). These findings suggest that FS-T index is closely related to EQ-5D and this will be used as basic data for development of health promotion programs for elderly.

-Depression According to Health Perception and Health Practice Among the Aged in an Area

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the level of health concern and the health practice of adult women depending on their experiences with cosmetic tattooing. Methods: The participants were 396 adult women in Jeonnam and Jeonbuk Provinces and G City. Their levels of health concern were measured using the 5-point-5-item scale designed by Kim. For measuring their health practice, the 5-point-12-item scale designed by Kwak was used. Results: The percentage of cosmetic tattooed women was 58.8%. The average score of their health concern was 3.12 and that of their health practice 3.54. As for their levels of health concern, no differences were observed between those with cosmetic tattoo experience and those without. However, the group with cosmetic tattoo experience exhibited a higher level of health practice. Also, most members of the cosmetic tattooed group decided to visit their tattoo shops based on the availability of tattoo shapes or prices rather than considering infection risks. Conclusion: Health education is necessary to increase people’s sensitivity to infection. This study shows that urgent attention for the management and regulation of the relevant ministries is required. Also, this study provides foundational information that will serve health education.

Purpose: This study was a descriptive methodological study to develop protocols for school health practice to manage health problems of primary school students effectively. Methods: The protocols were verified by 12 experts and 10 health teachers, respectively, to secure a two-step content validity. Results: The main 8 health problems of primary school students were headache, abdominal pain, musculo-skeletal, respiratory, circulatory, ophthalmic, and oral-dental problems, and fever. The developed protocols consist of 8 algorithms, which are to help decision making in the course of assessing health problems and to identify and link related factors and associated symptoms, 8 school nursing records based on the Omaha classification system, and the list of 441 links between nursing assessment and nursing intervention. Conclusion: The use of the protocols is expected to make it easier for health teachers to apply the nursing process in solving the health problems of primary school students and supporting the rational decision making process, eventually improving the quality of primary school health. Repeated studies for protocol standardization as well as studies dealing with various health problems not included in the protocols should be performed for the development of school health practice protocols.