Earticle

본 연구는 비도시지역에서 추진되는 대규모 개발사업에서 발생하는 개발이익을 산정하고 합리적인 공공기여를 제공받을 수 있는 방안을 모색하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 개발수요가 많은 경기도의 비도시지역에서 대규모로 추진되는 관광휴양형 지구단위계획 사업인 골프장의 입지특성을 파악하고, 골프장 조성 전후의 토지가격을 파악하여 개발이익(토지가치 상승)과 현행 제도를 적용한 공공기여량을 산정하였다. 6개 시･군의 사례분석 결과 골프장 조성은 보전관리･생산관리･농림 등 보전용도의 용도지역에서 임야와 전･답을 중심으로 추진되었고, 조성 전 대상지의 토지가격과 함께 이용 인구, 토지이용 규제, 광역 접근성 등이 고려되는 것으로 파악되었다. 토지가치 상승분을 기준으로 공공기여를 산정하는 국토교통부의 ｢공공기여 가이드라인｣과 토지면적을 기준으로 공공기여를 산정하는 포천시의 ｢비도시지역 지구단위계획 공공기여시설 검토기준｣을 적용하여 분석 대상 사례의 공공기여량을 산정하였다. 국토교통부의 기준에 따라 토지가치 상승분을 기준으로 공공기여를 산정하는 것이 형평성 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 현재는 공공기여로 인한 논쟁을 감소시키기 위하여 보다 명확한 기준을 제시할 수 있는 토지면적 기준의 공공기여 방식이 주로 사용되고 있다. 공공기여가 지역간･사업간 형평성을 가지면서도 사전에 대략적인 기여 수준을 파악할 수 있게 하기 위해 토지가치 기준과 토지면적 기준을 병행 사용하는 방식을 제안하였다.

The purpose of this study is to estimate the development gains generated from large-scale development projects in non-urban areas and to find ways to receive reasonable public contributions. Focusing on non-urban areas of Gyeonggi-do, where development demand is high, this study examines the locational characteristics of golf courses and estimates development gains by comparing land prices before and after golf course development. Golf course development has usually been carried out on forest and agricultural land located in conservation-oriented zoning districts. In addition, it was found that land prices before development, along with factors such as the size of user population, land-use regulations, and regional accessibility, were considered in site selection. The level of public contributions for the case study golf courses was calculated using the Public Contribution Guidelines, which are based on increases in land value, and the Review Criteria for Public Contribution Facilities in District Unit Plans in Non-Urban Areas, which are based on land area. The results indicate that a land value–based approach is more equitable, while a land area–based approach provides clearer standards and helps reduce disputes. Therefore, this study proposes a combined approach that applies both land value and land area criteria, allowing public contributions to maintain equity across regions and projects while enabling the approximate level of contributions to be identified prior to development.

The purpose of the study was to find out the effects of service quality of golf range and preference and revisit intention of the customers according to demographic characteristics of the customers, and identify casual relationship among the factors. The subjects were the customers who were practicing golf in the driving ranges located in Kwang-ju and also highly likely to visit nine golf courses located in Jeollanam-do. Research data of the study were statistically analyzed by SPSS win Ver. 14.0. As for relationship between demographic factors and service quality factors, the findings of the study were as follows: gender and age were related toreservation; monthly average income was related to reservation, cost and care, preference, and revisit intention; occupation was related to reservation, cost and care; golf experience was related to course and round, caddy service, preference and revisit intention; handicap was related to caddy service. As for casual relationship among factors, the findings of the study were as follows: reservation, course and round, cost and care, and caddy service had positive effect on preference of the golf course, while service facilities and job attitude did not. In addition, preference of the golf course had positive effect on revisit intention.

본 연구는 기존 골프장에서 사용하던 필기식 스코어(score) 작성 방법을 스마트 폰과 패드를 활용한 스코어카드(scorecard) 응용 프로그램 앱(App) EZ Touch App을 개발하여 개선하고, 고객 관리 시스템 (C/S)과 연동하여 성능 평가를 실시하였다. 연구는 다음과 같은 내용으로 진행되었다. 첫째, 스코어카드에서 EZ Touch 입력 방법은 어떻게 처리할 것인가? 둘째, 고객(회원)관리 시스템(C/S)과 데이터 서버시스템의 플랫폼(platform)은 어떻게 구성할 것인가? 셋째, EZ Touch App은 고객관리시스템(C/S)과 유기적으로 동작하는가? 에 두고 실시되었다. 개발된 EZ Touch는 본 연구 결과 손가락의 동작(gesture)을 사용한 입력방법으로 스코어카드에 입력되고, 이를 C/S시스템과 유기적으로 연동하여 리뷰 기능, 홀 정보기능, 스코어를 통한 필드코치 기능, 회원정보관리 기능 등 차별화 통계를 통한 된 앱 (App)등에 활용 가능함으로써, 차후 다양한 콘텐츠로 활용범위가 확대 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

This study develops and improves the EZ Touch App of the scorecard application (app) using the smartphone and the pad, and works with the customer management system (C/S). The research was conducted as follows. First, how do you handle the EZ Touch input method on a scorecard? Second, how to configure the platform of customer (member) management system (C/S) and data server system? Third, does EZ Touch App work organically with customer management system (C/S)? The developed EZ Touch is entered into the scorecard as an input method using the gesture as a result of this research, and it is linked with the C/S system to organize the review function, hall information function, field coaching function through score, It can be used for applications such as information management functions and statistics through differentiated statistics. However, there are some problems and improvements in user convenience in real time use. I think there is a need to study to solve this problem in the future. EZ Touch input method is input to the scorecard by inputting gesture of the finger as a result of this study, and it is linked with this, and it is possible to use differentiated statistics such as review function, hall information function, field coaching function, It is the purpose of the study to improve the technical competitiveness of the product by developing the application.

토양 유기물 관리는 골프장 그린 관리 중 핵심적인 요소이다. 골프장 그린의 유기물에 대한 지속적인 관리를 연구하는 중요한 프로젝트의 일환으로서, 우리는 동일한 근권부 조성과 관리 하에서 유지되고 있는 서로 다른 조성 시기의 그린들에서 토양 유기물의 상태를 비교하였다. 그리고 그 토양 미생물 활성, 잔디 분얼경수, 용적밀도, 수분함량, pH, EC, 그리고 총질소를 측정하였다. 토심 0${\sim}$5cm에서 토양 유기물 집적은 그린들 간에 유의차를 보이지 않았다. 토심 5cm 이하에서 SOM은 그린들 간에 강한 유의차를 보였고, 경과 연수와 정(+)의 상관을 가졌고 토심과 음(-)의 상관을 가졌다. 토심 5${\sim}$25cm 단층부에서는 시간 경과와 토섬에 따른 SOM의 집적을 예측하기 위해서 회귀 분석한 결과에서 그린의 경과 연수가 증가함에 따라서 유기물 함량이 0.061% year$^{-1}$로 증가하고， 토심이 깊어질수록 유기물 함량이 0.079% cm$^{-1}$로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 경과 연도와 토심에 따른 토양 미생물 활성이 탈수소효소 검정을 이용하여 측정되었다. 결과는 모든 그린들에서 토심에 따라서 급격한 감소를 보였다. 토심 5cm 이하에서 토양 미생물 활성은 그린툴 간에 유의차가 없음을 보였다. 집적된 토심 5cm 이하의 SOM은 장기적으로 분해에 대하여 강한 저항성을 가지는 것으로 보인다. 그린 조성 후 5년부터 용적밀도는 유의성 있는 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 수분함량, Ee, 그리고 총질소는 SOM과 유의성 있는 상관을 가지고 있었다. pH는 시간이 경과하며 낮아졌는데, 이것은 SOM 집적에 영향을 미칠 것이다. 유기물 집적은 pH 저하, 미생물 활성 감소 토양 유기물의 분해 저항성 증가 등에 주요하게 영향을 받았지만, 수분 함량, EC, 총질소에 의한 영향은 분명하지 않았다.

The management of soil organic matter(SOM) is a key component of golf course green maintenance. As part of a major project examining the sustainable management of SOM on golf course greens, the SOM status of different age greens maintained in the same root zone composition and management were compared. Then the microbial activity, tiller number, bulk density, water content, pH, EC, and T-N in the soil were measured. In the 0${\sim}$5cm depth SOM accumulation showed no significant difference between greens. Below 5cm SOM showed a strong significance between greens and had a positive(+) correlation with year and negative(-) correlation with depth. when regression equations were used to predict SOM accumulation with year and depth, SOM below 5cm tended to increase with a rate of 0.061% . year$^{-1}$ and decrease with a rate of 0.079% . $cm^{-1}$(R2==0.841). Soil microbial activity was investigated with age and depth by using a dehydrogenase assay. Results showed a sharp drop with depth in all greens. The soil microbial activity below 5cm showed no difference between greens. The accumulated SOM below 5cm may be very resistant to decomposition in the long-term. Five years after establishment, the bulk density did not significantly change. The water content, EC, and T-N had a significant correlation with SOM. The pH decreased with the year, which may influence SOM accumulation. Organic matter accumulation was mainly affected by the pH decrase，low soil microbial activity, and high organic matter resistant to decomposition, but the effects of water content, EC, and T-N were obscure.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the water quality of 16 golf course ponds located in northern areas Gyeonggi province by investigating residual pesticides, organic matters (BOD, TOC) and nutrients (TN, TP). Methods: The result data for the residual pesticides were used from 2014 to 2017. and other result data were used for April and July in 2017. The residual pesticides analytical method was based on 'Golf course residual pesticides inspection method', The others analytical method was based on 'The water pollution process test standard' Results: Very toxic pesticides and banned pesticides were not detected but general pesticides were detected. In case of the water quality of the golf course pond was applied to the lake water quality standard. In April the average TOC concentration was V grade to 6.46 mg/L, TP V grade to 0.13 mg/L, TN VI grade to 1.6 mg/L, In July TOC average concentration was VI grade to 8.65 mg/L, TP VI grade to 0.17 mg/L, TN V to 1.5 mg/L. All TN and TP concentrations corresponded to eutrophication. Compared with lake water quality monitoring, the concentrations of BOD, TOC and TP were high but the TN concentration was low in April and July. Conclusions: It is considered that water quality managements are necessary for the golf course pond. The first reason is that the pollutants of pond are discarded to river during rainfall and act as pollution sources. The second reason is that the golf course users are uncomfortable because of odor caused by the pollutants of the pond.

The purpose of this thesis is to search for appropriate design elements to manage ponds on golf courses. This paper showed that a variable, width, and volume have significant influence on satisfaction(Sig 0.001). This research investgated golf courses in Kyung-ki province. In short, we measured the physical design elements of ponds to bring out major factors which could determine satisfaction of golf courses for golfcourse manager(greenkeeper). The results between satisfaction and physical variable came out as follows; 1, Golfcourse managers(Green keepers) responded to questions that they were satisfied in only 29.9% of the ponds. We found that they considered management very highly. we could evaluated the value of necessity and importance are high, that is importance to manage ponds 2. Some physical design elements(volume, width) increased dependent variable(satisfaction) and others(length, area, circumference, index of shape) decreased dependent variable(satisfaction) 3. Volume has an influence on dependent variable more than depth on index of shape. 4 If the result of \`index of shape\` decreased, the result of \`management satisfaction\` would be high, and when volume is 8500ton∼17000ton, depth is 27m∼3.1m, \`management satisfaction\` would be high. The research findings can be used for planning and designing of golfcourses for designers, and by management for greenkeepers, and will provide pertinent design elements far design of golfcourses. We suggest that the interrelation between ponds and strategic play must be examined in future research.

본 연구는 골프장의 경기력과 운영관리 향상을 위한 평가지표들을 개발하고자 수행되었으며, 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 이론연구 및 전문가 예비설문을 통해 가정된 골프장 조성 및 운영관리 15개 중간평가지표, 55개 하위평가지표 체계가 성립되지 않고 최종적으로 환경친화성, 회원서비스 수준, 진행원의 인적서비스 수준, 코스의 난이도, 코스관리수준, 운영관리 공정성, 접근성 및 입지성, 클럽의 전통성 및 클럽의 분위기, 코스의 우수성, 코스레이아웃 등 10개의 중가 평가지표 및 52개 하위평가지표로 재구성되었다. 골프장 이용자 선호도 평가지표의 중요도 결정요인을 분석한 결과, 코스의 관리수준, 포스의 우수성, 진행원의 인적서비스 수준, 코스레이아웃, 환경친화성 순으로 기여도가 높게 나타났다. 골프장 평가지표의 경로계수를 파악한 결과, 코스레이아웃 부문에서는 홀의 굴곡과 코스길이의 순으로 인과효과의 크기가 나타났다. 코스의 우수성에는 토너멘트 진행시설, 다양한 샷 밸류(shot value)의 순으로, 운영관리 공정성에는 대기의 편리성, 예약의 공정한 배정 등의 순으로 인과관계가 높게 나타났다. 클럽의 전통성 부분은 골프코스의 역사 및 환경적 특성, 지역의 역사문화가, 접근성 및 입지성과 관련해서는 지리적 조건이, 환경친화성에서는 농약 및 비료유출량, 수질오염 등이, 회원서비스 수준에서는 회원혜택과 직원의 친절한 응대 등이 상대적으로 인과효과의 크기가 높은 지표로 나타났다. 경기진행원의 인적서비스 수준 분야에서는 경기진행원의 친절한 응대, 경기진행원의 전문지식 정도가, 코스의 난이도 부분은 티잉 에어리어(Terming area)의 위치, 오비(Out of Bounds: OB) 및 해저드(Hazard) 말뚝 위치의 순으로 코스의 관리수준에는 러프상태 및 장애물 관리상태 등이 상대적으로 인과효과가 높았던 지표들로 나타났다. 향후 보다 세부적인 평가지표들을 도출하는 후속연구를 통해 골프장 이용자 선호도 평가지표 체계 모델을 완성하고, 국내외 골프장을 대상으로 평가지표들을 현장 적용하고 검증해 보는 과정이 뒷받침될 필요가 있다.

This study was conducted to develop evaluation indicators to improve athletic performance and operational management of golf courses and the results of the research are as follows. Through theoretical research and a preliminary professional survey, 15 on-going evaluations of golf course composition and operational management and 55 sub-evaluation indices were rejected while 10 on-going evaluations and 52 sub-evaluation indicators were reconfigured as final for environmental-friendliness, level of member services, level of human service of game personnel, difficulties of course, management level of the course, fairness of operational management, accessibility and location characteristic, traditions and ambiance of the golf club, quality of course, and course layout. When analyzing the important decision factors in golf course user preference evaluation indicators, the following contributed in the order of higher to lower contributions: the management level of the course, excellence of the course, level of human services for personnel, course layout and environmental-friendliness. When identifying the path coefficient of golf course evaluation indicators, the curvature of a hole and the length of the course had a causal effect on the 'course layout' section. Tournament facilities and various shot values had a causal relationship with 'excellence of the course', in the order of higher to lower, and convenience of waiting and fair allocation of reservations for 'fairness of operational management'. The history of the golf course and its environmental characteristics, history and culture of the region have relatively higher causal effects on 'traditions of the golf club' and geographical conditions on 'accessibility and location characteristics', pesticide and fertilizer usage and water pollution on 'environmental-friendliness', and member benefit and kindness of employees on 'level of member services'. The kindness and expertise of the game personnel had a relatively higher causal effect on the 'level of human services of game personnel', the location of tenning area, and location of OB and hazards on 'difficulties of course', and rough conditions and obstacles management on 'management level of the course'. There is a need to complete a systematic evaluation index system for golf course user preferences through future studies for a more detailed assessment, as well as a process to verify these evaluation indicators by application to domestic and international golf courses.

In recent years, the construction of golf course has been increasing very rapidIy and serious concern is paid to its environmental consequences both in Korea and in Japan. EIA systems as a major requirements for golf course developments emerged to reduce the adverse impact of their developments in Korea as well as in Japan. This study aims to compare EIA systems, procedures and methodologies employed between Korea and Japan in order to demonstrate the success and failure of EIAs in each country. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1) EIAs are systematically undertaken based upon law in Korea but on regulation in Japan. 2) Public participation Isn't encouraged in the Korean EIA procedure while the Japan EIA system involves public participation. 3) Korean EISs shall be prepared after the proposed projects are approved according to the related laws and be followed by the necessary procedures, but in the carte of Japan, EISs be prepared prior to their approval . 4) ELSs shall be prepared by agencies with special expertise with respect to 7he environmental impacts (appointed by government) or the sponsoring agencies themselves in Korea whereas they be prepared by agencies proposing the projects in japan. 5) EISs both in Korea and in Japan are characterized by cliches which may be unfamiliar to reviews and the public. 6) EIAs describe the existing presence and predict and evaluate that a development work influences the present conditions. Here Japan EIA treats mainly natural - and life environment, whereas Korean EIA dose social - and economic environment. And hence in the case of Japan is undertaken more quantitative and scientific analysis, whereas in the case of Korea is less. It is suggested that the key point to impact analysis is to use the correct concepts, fomulate the comparative studies of methodologies and find the methods that suit the decision as well as which country's own circumstances.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of soil amendments for reducing soil compaction at heavy traffic area in golf course. Major results of this research are summarized at follows: 1. In the Lab. experiment, the porosity was improved significantly when the materials, such as peatmoss, charcoal, and tire chip mixtures were used respectively. Especially mixture of sand and 20% peatmoss showed higher effectiveness (10%) in porosity, comparing with ordinary sand. This soil mixture(sand 80%+peatmoss 20%) was observed the best in water retention, soil hardness and hydrauric conductivity. 2. In the greenhouse experiment, traffic pressure was given 7 times a day on several combination of mixture treatments to see the top dry weight. The soil mixture of 20% peatmoss showed the highest in the top dry weight. When the more traffic pressure(15 time/day) were given on the different treatment, the top dry weight was significantly reduced. However, the mixture of 20% peatmoss also had the least influence on this type of heavy traffic. 3. In the field experiment, the soil amendments were treated in traffic area f golf course, and observed at 30days, 60days, 90days, 120days after treatment. Visual turf quality(color), root length and soil compaction were compared to those of control. As a result, overall treatments with soil amendments were effective, which showed better turf quality and less soil compaction. 4. In the field test, physical characters of soil (such as soil hardness and hydrauric conductivity) in sand+tire chip+peatmoss(60:20:20, %, v/v) treatment was significantly improved. Also in the slow increasing of traffic, the soil compaction was the most effective in reducing soil hardness.

골프장에서 사용하는 농약에의한 오염 정도에 대해 많은 논쟁이 되고 있다. 이의 연구를 위해 기존의 골프장과 관련된 저수지와 하류수계에 대해 6개월 간에 걸쳐 조사하였다. 그중엔 부영양화에 관련된 수질항목들, 중금속, 농약, 그리고 수중 생태계 등의 전반적인 수질의 결과를 조사수계에 속한 골프장과 관련지어 분석하였다. 골프장으로부터 유출된 농약등의 오염이 조사수계의 수중 생태계에 미치는 영향은 심각한 정도가 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 골프장으로부터 유출되는 잔류농약의 분해를 돕기 위한 댐내에서는 수중 생태계가 잘 보전 돼있었고 전형적인 먹이의 연쇄가 확립돼 있었다. 일반적인 인식과는 달리 가축 축사와 논으로부터 유출되는 오염이 수계에 훨씬 더 약 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

There has been a great deal of controversy in the views on the impact of the pesticide pollution from the golf courses. The stream and reservoir associated with a existing golf course were investigated. The parameters include the ones related with eutrophication, heavy metals, pesticides. and aquatic ecological conditions. It was found that the impact on the aquatic ecosystem by the pollution from the golf course was not so serious. An aquatic ecological food chain was well established in the reservoir which belongs to the golf course. In contradiction to the general recognition, the livestock farming and agricultural farming gave much more adverse impacts on the stream than the golf course.

[목적] 본 연구는 한국 골프장 운영자들의 인식을 중심으로 친환경 골프장 관리와 지속가능성에 대한 탐구를 통해 앞으로의 골프장 경영의 방향성을 위한 학술적 기틀을 마련하고자 하였다. [방법] 이를 위해 골프장 운영자들을 대상 으로 인터뷰를 진행하여 친환경 경영에 대해 어떻게 인식하고 있으며, 이를 운영에 반영하고 있는지를 확인하고자 하였다. [결과] 그 결과 한국 골프장 운영자들이 친환경 경영을 인식하고 실천하는 데 있어 여러 가지 도전 과제와 경제적 부담을 경험하고 있음을 보여주었다. 운영자들은 물관리와 에너지 절감 등에서 성과를 내고 있으나, 비료 사 용 절감이나 재생 에너지 도입과 같은 더 큰 변화는 경제적 지원이 뒷받침되지 않으면 실천하기 어렵다고 느끼고 있 었다. 정부의 재정적 지원과 정책적 변화는 한국 골프 산업의 친환경 경영 확산을 위한 필수적 요소로 골프장 관계 자들은 생각하고 있었다. [결론] 친환경적인 골프장 경영과 정착을 위해서는 골프장 자체적인 노력과 함께 정책 및 재정적 지원이 필요함을 확인할 수 있었다.

[Purpose] This study attempted to lay an academic foundation for the direction of golf course management in the future through the search for eco-friendly golf course management and sustainability, focusing on the perception of Korean golf course operators. [Method] To this end, we conducted interviews with golf course operators to confirm how they perceived eco-friendly management and reflected it in their operations. [Results] showed that Korean golf course operators are experiencing various challenges and economic burdens in recognizing and implementing eco-friendly management. Although operators are making progress in water management and energy saving, they felt that larger changes such as reducing the use of fertilizers and introducing renewable energy were difficult to implement without economic support. The government's financial support and policy changes are essential factors for spreading eco-friendly management in the Korean golf industry, and golf course officials were thinking. [Conclusion] It was confirmed that policy and financial support are necessary along with the efforts of the golf course itself for eco-friendly management and settlement.

[목적] 이 연구는 골프장의 환경지향성이 골프장이미지 구축과 소비자태도에 미치는 영향을 규명하여, 골프장의 지속가능 경영전략을 수립하는 기초자료를 제공하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. [방법] 경기도에 거주하는 골프 참여 자를 대상으로 편의표본추출법을 통해 최종 231부의 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 빈도분석, 타당도 분석, 신뢰도 분석, 기술통계 분석, 상관관계 및 구조방정식 모형을 통해 가설을 검증하였다. [결과] 첫째, 골프장의 환 경지향성은 골프장이미지에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 골프장이미지는 소비자태도(인지 도)에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있으나, 소비자태도(호감도)에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 골프장 의 환경지향성은 소비자태도(인지도)에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났으나, 소비자태도(호감도)에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 골프장은 소비자들이 지각하고 있는 골프장이미지를 객관적으로 분 석하고, 소비자에게 친환경 골프장이미지를 인식시킬 수 있는 마케팅 전략을 설정해 나가야 할 것이다.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for establishing a sustainable management strategy of a golf course by examining the influence of the golf course's environmental orientation on the establishment of a golf course image and consumer attitude. [Method] The final 231 copies of data were collected through the convenient sampling method for golf participants living in Gyeonggi-do areas. The collected data were hypothesized through frequency analysis, validity analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, correlation and structural equation modeling. [Result] First, it was found that the golf course's environmental orientation has a positive (+) effect on the golf course image. Second, it was found that the golf course image had a positive (+) effect on consumer attitude(awareness), but did not affect consumer attitude(likeability). Third, the environmental orientation of the golf course did not affect consumer attitude(awareness), but it was found that it had a positive (+) effect on consumer attitude(likeability). [Conclusion] The golf course should objectively analyze the golf course image recognized by consumers, and establish a marketing strategy that enables consumers to recognize the eco-friendly golf course image.

[목적] 본 연구에서는 골프장 캐디의 직업존중감이 조직적합성과 직무소진에 미치는 영향을 분석 다음, 골프장 캐디 의 경력에 따른 집단 간 차이를 규명하는데 연구목적이 있다. [방법] 중부권 및 충청권 내 위치한 5개 골프장 소속 캐디 228명을 대상으로 조사도구를 활용한 자기평가기입법으로 자료를 수집한 후, SPSS 18.0과 AMOS 18.0 프로그램 을 이용하여 분석하였다. [결과] 첫째, 골프장 캐디의 직업존중감 하위요인이 조직적합성 및 직무소진에 부분적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 그러나 조직적합성의 매개효과는 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 골프장 캐디의 직업존중감이 조직적합성 및 직무소진에 미치는 영향력에서 경력(5년미만/5년이상) 간에 부분적으로 영향력 차이를 보였다. [결론] 골프장 캐 디의 직무소진을 긍정적으로 전환시키는데 직업존중감을 향상시키는 프로그램은 효율적 전략이 될 수 있다. 그러나 골프장 측에서 제공하는 프로그램 중 조직적합성 관련 내용을 포함시키기 보다는 경력에 따른 차별적 프로그램을 운 영하는 것이 효과가 크다는 결론이 도출되었다.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of golf club caddies on organizational fit and job burnout, and to identify the differences among groups according to the career of golf caddy. [Method] Data were collected by self-assessment method using survey tools from 228 caddies at five golf courses in the central and Chungcheong areas, and analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 programs. [Result] First, the subordinate factors of job respect of golf course caddy partially influenced organizational fit and job burnout. However, there was no net selling effect. Second, there was a partial influence of career(less than 5 years/more than 5 years) influence on organizational suitability and job burnout in golf course caddy. [Conclusion] A program that improves job respect for positively converting golf caddy's job burnout can be an effective strategy. However, it is more effective to run differentiated programs according to careers than to include organizational fit contents among the programs offered by the golf course.

[목적] 본 연구는 골프장의 고객유치를 위한 마케팅 전략의 수립을 위하여 수도권을 중심으로 한 대중제 골프장과 회원제 골프장 이용객들의 선택속성을 확인하고 비교분석함을 목적으로 하였다. [방법] 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위 하여 비확률표본추출법 중 의도적 표집을 통해 20명의 전문가를 연구 대상으로 선정한 후 골프장 선택속성의 계층을 형성하고 동일한 계층에 위치한 선택속성간의 쌍대비교를 실시하였다. [결과] 복합가중치를 통한 골프장 선택속성의 우선순위는 예약, 코스난이도, 그린피, 접근, 페어웨이 및 그린관리, 카트피로 나타났고, 대중제 골프장의 경우 그린피, 카트피, 예약, 코스난이도, 캐디피, 접근이 도출되었으며, 회원제 골프장의 경우 예약, 접근, 코스난이도, 경기진행시 간, 편의 시설 환경, 이용고객수준으로 우선순위가 나타났다. [결론] 그러므로 골프장의 운영형태에 따른 우선순위를 고려하여 골프장의 지속성장 전략을 수립하여야 한다.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to establish marketing strategies by analyzing the characteristics of the users of public golf courses and membership golf courses in the Seoul metropolitan area. [Method] In order to achieve this purpose, 20 experts were selected for research through intentional sampling among non-probability sampling methods, and a double contrast bridge was conducted between the optional attributes of golf courses and those located in the same layer. [Result] Precedence of golf course selection attributes through composite weighting was shown as Reservation, Course difficulty, Accessibility, Fairway and Green management, and Cart fee. Green fee, Cart fee, Reservation, Course Difficulty, Caddy fee, and Accessibility were derived for public golf courses, and priority was given for member golf courses with Reservations, Accessibility, Course difficulty, Game progress time, Surrounding environment, and Customer level. [Conclusion] Therefore, the golf course's sustainable growth strategy should be established in consideration of the priority according to the type of operation of the golf course.

This study factor for customer relationship management of the golf course as a golf course empirical relationship between image and word of mouth to help identify the current customers of the local golf course management, with policy evaluation is to provide feedback. For this excellent driving range customers in the metropolitan area of more than one year golf career customer convenience sample of the population set and the extraction of wealth the final 367 valid samples were obtained the following results. First, customer relationship management, golf courses and golf course, and the relationship between the physical image of the images in the golf facilities factor in customer relationship management and community factors had significant influence. Second, the golf course and the iconic image of customer relationship management, customer relationship management, and the relationship of the factors in the golf course, except for customer-oriented facility factors, bond, community and professional factors had significant influence. Third, the golf course and the social image and customer relationship management customer relationship management of the relationship of the factors in the golf facilities, community, customer-oriented factors had significant influence. Fourth, customer relationship management, and word of mouth to help golf courses in the relationship of the Jewish factor in customer relationship management, golf course , facilities and customer-oriented factors had significant influence .

[목적] 이 연구에서는 골프장 직원의 직무불안정성, 조직몰입 및 고객지향성의 관계를 규명하여 최근 골프산업의 위 기와 변화에 대한 내부종사자들의 불안도를 측정하고 이들의 직무안정성을 높일 수 있는 방안을 모색하는데 기여할 수 있는 학술적 기틀을 마련하는데 그 목적이 있다. [방법] 이를 위해 2024년 3월 5일에서 4월 10일까지 한 달간 제주 도에 소재한 골프장 3개소에서 근무하고 있는 종사자 350명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 총 339부(96.8%)를 통 계프로그램을 활용하여 결과를 도출하였다. [결과] 첫째, 골프장직원이 지각하는 직무불안정성은 조직몰입에 부적영 향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 골프장직원이 지각하는 직무불안정성은 고객지향성에 부적영향을 미치는 것으 로 나타났다. 셋째, 골프장 직원의 조직몰입은 고객지향성에 정적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 최근 변화 하고 있는 골프산업에서 제주도 골프장은 위기의 심각성을 더욱 크게 느끼고 있으며 이는 골프장 직원으로 하여금 직업과 직무에 대한 불안정성을 느끼게 되며 이는 자신이 소속된 조직에 대한 몰입도를 낮추어 직무수행에 있어 수 동적인 태도로 임하게 되어 고객에게 제공되는 서비스의 수준과 태도에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 시사한다.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to establish an academic foundation that can contribute to measuring internal workers' anxiety about recent crises and changes in the golf industry and finding ways to increase their job stability by examining the relationship between job instability, organizational commitment, and customer orientation of golf course employees. [Method] To this end, a survey was conducted on 350 workers working at three golf courses located in Jeju Island for about a month from March 5 to April 10, 2024, and a total of 339 copies (96.8%) were derived using a statistical program. [Results] First, it was found that the job instability perceived by golf course employees had a negative effect on organizational commitment. Second, it was found that the job instability perceived by golf course employees had a negative effect on customer orientation. Third, it was found that the organizational commitment of golf course employees had a positive effect on customer orientation. [Conclusion] In the recent changing golf industry, golf courses located in provincial areas feel the seriousness of the crisis, which makes golf course employees feel insecure about their jobs and jobs, suggesting that they can lower their commitment to the organization they belong to and engage in a passive attitude in performing their duties, affecting the level and attitude of services provided to customers.

[목적] 본 연구의 목적은 골프를 더 이상 사치성 스포츠로 보기 어렵고, 현재와 같이 회원제와 대중제 골프장의 이용 료의 차이는 물론 시설에도 큰 차이가 없는 상황에서 변화된 현실에 적합한 골프장 신 분류체계와 조세체계를 제시 하기 위함에 있다. [방법] 국내 골퍼들의 선호 골프장 유형 조사를 위해 전국의 20세 이상의 남녀 골퍼 1200명으로부 터 설문지를 표집하여, 이중 결측지 200부를 제외한 1000부를 유효 표본으로 사용하였으며, 자료의 처리는 SPSS 20 을 사용하여 T-test와 ANOVA 분석을 수행하였다. [결과] 국내 골퍼들의 골프장 선호 유형은 회원과 동반자만 입장 가능한 회원제가 27.5%, 회원과 비회원 모두 예약 및 입장 가능한 준회원제가 42.7%, 대중제가 0.9%, 저가형 공공골 프장이 28.9%로 확인되었다. 선호 유형을 감안하여 신 분류체계는 일반제와 공공제로 분류 하였으며, 신 분류체계를 감안하여 신 조세체계는 일반제는 현 대중제와 동일한 세율, 공공제는 대중제의 50% 이하의 세율을 적용해야 하는 것으로 확인되었다.[결론] 따라서 신 분류체계와 신 조세체계의 적용을 통해 다양한 계층의 골프장 공급을 유도하여 진정한 골프대중화 실현이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

[Purpose] The main purpose of this study is to present a new golf course classification system and tax system suitable for the changed situation where golf is no longer seen as a luxury sport and there is no significant difference in fees between membership and public golf courses. [Method] It surveyed 1200 male and female amateur golfers in Korea over the age of 20 and 999 samples were used as valid samples after excepting for insincere and incomplete samples. SPSS 20.0 were used to derive results. [Result] The preferred types of golf courses for domestic golfers were 27.5% for membership courses, 42.7% for semi-membership courses for both members and non-members, 0.9% for public golf courses, and 28.9% for low-cost public golf courses. In consideration of the type of preference, the new classification system was classified into general and public systems, and in consideration of the new classification system, it was confirmed that the general system should apply the same tax rate as the current public system and public system should apply less than 50% of public system. [Conclusion] Therefore, it is necessary to realize real golf popularization by the application of the new classification system and the new tax system.