Earticle

Supplier evaluation is of great significance in green supply chain management. Influenced by factors such as economic globalization, sustainable development, a holistic index framework is difficult to establish in green supply chain. Furthermore, the initial index values of candidate suppliers are often characterized by uncertainty and incompleteness and the index weight is variable. To solve these problems, an index framework is established after comprehensive consideration of the major factors. Then an adaptive weight D-S theory model is put forward, and a fuzzy-rough-sets-AHP method is proposed to solve the adaptive weight in the index framework. The case study and the comparison with TOPSIS show that the adaptive weight D-S theory model in this paper is feasible and effective.

본 논문은 체육교과 핵심성취의 관련 개념, 의미, 위계적 관계를 빗대어보고, 학생들의 체육교과 핵심성취를 함양하기 위한 공공체육과목 의무화 사업의 이론 적 근거와 문제점, 그리고 그 대책을 종합적으로 분석하였다. 이를 토대로 기존의 평가지표를 요약하고, 체육교과의 핵심성취에 기초한 대학 필수 공공체육과목의 평가모형을 구성하였다. 지수의 가중치를 산정하기 위해서는 AHP 방법을 이용하 며, 실증연구를 위해서는 퍼지종합평가 방법을 이용한다. 결 과: 평가모형은 과학 적이고 객관적인 6개의 1단계 지수와 21개의 2단계 지수로 구성되어 있으며, 대 학의 공공체육 의무과목 수강생 평가에 적용될 수 있고, 평가를 위한 과학적 참 고자료와 근거를 제공할 수 있다.

This paper combs the relevant concepts, connotations, and hierarchical relationships of the core accomplishment of physical education, and comprehensively analyzes the theoretical basis, problems, and countermeasures of the undertaking of compulsory public physical education courses to cultivate students’ core accomplishment of physical education. On this basis, the existing evaluation indexes are summarized, and the evaluation model of compulsory public physical education courses in universities based on the core accomplishment of physical education is constructed. The AHP method is used to calculate the index weight, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used for empirical research. Results: The evaluation model consists of 6 first-level indexes and 21 second-level indexes, which is scientific and objective, and can be applied to the evaluation of students of compulsory public physical education courses in universities, and can provide scientific reference and basis for evaluation.

文献梳理体育学科核心素养的相关概念、内涵及层次关系，逻辑分析高校公共 体育必修课承担培育学生体育学科核心素养的理论依据、问题与对策；以国内外 理论、文献为支撑，归纳已有评价指标，构建基于体育学科核心素养的高校公共 体育必修课学生评价模型；利用AHP层次分析法分析指标权重，利用模糊数学综 合评价法进行实证研究。结果：高校公共体育必修课作为培育大学生体育学科核 心素养有其应然性，所构建的评价模型由6个一级指标、21个二级指标构成是科 学、客观的，可为高校公共体育必修课学生评价指导提供科学的参照和依据。

지금까지 정보시스템 감리의 주된 초점은 개발된 시스템에 포함된 에러나 기능상의 문제점을 찾기 위한 관리적이고 통제적인 입장에 맞춰져 있었다. 그러나 감리의 최종 목적은 보다 나은 정보서비스 제공을 통해 조직의 장기적 건전성 확보를 위한 의사결정을 내리는데 도움을 주기 위한 것이다. 정보시스템감리 관련 당사자는 감리의뢰그룹, 감리그룹, 피감리 그룹의 세 구릅으로 구분할 수 있고, 각 그룹은 감리에 대해 서로 다른 이해관계와 관점을 가질 수 있다. 그러나 현재 시행중인 일반적 감리행태는 이러한 각 그룹 간의 관점 차이를 인정하지 않고, 주로 관리적인 관점에서 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점 개선을 위해 각 그룹의 서로 다른 특성을 고려한 새로운 시스템 감리평가기준을 제안하였고, 그 기준에 따른 평가를 시행하였으며, 그 결과의 정당성을 과학적인 방법으로 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.첫째, 정보시스템 감리와 관련된 이해당사자들을 세 그룹으로 나누고, 그들 간에 서로 다른 평가 기준을 개발하였다.둘째, 정보시스템 감리를 통제적(관리적) 관점 이외에 서비스적 관점에서 재정의 하였다.셋째, 개발된 지표에 따라 다양한 기법을 이용하여 개발된 지표의 정당성 확인과 함께 각 항목에 대한 중요도(비중)를 그룹별로 계량화 하였다.넷째, 퍼지이론을 이용하여 설문에 대한 모호성을 최소화 하였다.본 연구를 통해 얻은 결과는 향후 유사 프로젝트나 감리 수행 시 참고자료로 사용될 수 있으며, 무엇 보다 감리 서비스의 만족도 향상을 위한 새로운 지표의 개발에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Current trend of audit is to check the physical aspects of developed information system, such as check-ing the budget constraints, time constraints or functional fluency etc. However, ultimate goal of in-formation system is to help the organization to achieve the competency over their competitors. Also, there are three different interest groups in system auditing, like audit requesting group, audited group and audit group, who may have different points of interests in auditing. Current auditing process, however, ignores this point, and so does not check the differences between three groups. This study tries to develop new auditing method to cure these two problems. Contributions of this study may be summarized as follows. First, Introduce the new indexes that can check the possibility that the information system may contrib-ute the competency of organization. Also check the feasibility of indexes through Fuzzy AHP. Second, Divide the audit related person into three groups, and their different needs toward the in-formation system was analyzed. Third, Analyze and compare the main interests of three groups, and weights of each groups to each indexes were calculated.Fourth, Fuzzy theory was applied to quantify the qualitative answers, which may minimize the ambi-guity of questionnaire replies.1

Current trend of audit is to check the physical aspects of developed information system, such as checking the budget constraints, time constraints or functional fluency etc. However, ultimate goal of information system is to help the organization to achieve the competency over their competitors. Also, there are three different interest groups in system auditing, like audit requesting group, audited group and audit group, who may have different points of interests in auditing. Current auditing process, however, ignores this point, and so does not check the differences between three groups. This study tries to develop new auditing method to cure these two problems. Contributions of this study may be summarized as follows. First, Introduce the new indexes that can check the possibility that the information system may contribute the competency of organization. Also check the feasibility of indexes through Fuzzy AHP. Second, Divide the audit related person into three groups, and their different needs toward the information system was analyzed. Third, Analyze and compare the main interests of three groups, and weights of each groups to each indexes were calculated. Fourth, Fuzzy theory was applied to quantify the qualitative answers, which may minimize the ambiguity of questionnaire replies.

An increasing pattern of extreme rainfall recently affected the rural infrastructures with catastrophic damage, especially the overtopping of a fill dam embankment in the Republic of Korea. The overtopping was caused by the sudden increase in reservoir water level over the dam crest level, and it was not easy work to predict a priori because of its non-linear behavior. Fuzzy time series (FTS) is a fuzzy-logic inference procedure and is suited to apply to non-linear prediction methods such as machine learning. This study used the Wangshin reservoir and Goesan-dam cases, which experienced overtopping in 2023 and 2022, respectively. Wangshin Reservoir was a typical agricultural fill dam and needed to stack more available data, with only the daily storage rate (water level) of 7 years, starting on 2 May 2016. Therefore, we used Goesan-dam data to select appropriate variables and compare the analysis result, which was stacked with about 17 years of records. The analyses adapted LSTM to compare with FTS. As a result, the reservoir water level was applied to predict the overtopping water level, and it was shown that the FTS method could predict the actual water levels effectively according to the result of comparison with LSTM. Then, the FTS method was expected to predict reservoir water level a priori to make appropriate countermeasures on overtopping events as one of the alternatives.

We fully study the various factor indexes involved, use the AHP to build an integrated-assessed mathematic model of hierarchy of good distinct and structure of high efficiency and calculate the weight assessment indicator of each hierarchy. This paper uses AHP to build the general objective function of the designing scheme of students practice property. By the statistical analysis of the tip of various property indexes of mass property data, we choose the corresponding subordinating degree functions in the fuzzy mathematic field to determine the appropriate subjection function, calculate the relevant degree of membership, and finally conduct the integrated assessment of mathematic model of the design of remote students practice system. The paper uses C# language in the developing environment of VS2010 to develop the fuzzy-comprehensive-assessment software system of the designing scheme of students, and, we also use the software to analysis the systematic reliability of this scheme by living example. Through this work, we could offer a scientific and rational theory of technology to students for the support of remote Students practice projects research department.

본 논문은 자데교수에 의해 소개된 퍼지집합을 정의하면서 시작된 퍼지이론과 도이거넌과 팔마건에 의해 발전된 지식공간의 수학교육의 교수학습에 효과적으로 적용될 수 있는 모색하고자 하는 의도로 새로운 이론을 소개한다. 특히, 위 두 이론은 평가부분에서 현재의 평가방법이 해결할 수 없는 부분을 접근하여 수학 학습 평가의 새로운 장을 열 것으로 기대한다.

This paper introduces some theories that can be effectively applied for the development of teaching and learning mathematics using fuzzy theory developed by Zadeh who defined fuzzy set and knowledge space by Doignon and Falmagne. Especially, we expect that two theories mentioned above are expected to solve the situation that could not be taken care of the present evaluation method.

To effectively evaluate and analyze assimilability scheme of complex product, an improved evaluation method is proposed. It sets up three levels in the evaluation: scheme level, craft level and component level, giving evaluation indexes that can influence assimilability of complex product at every level. A corresponding evaluation index system is established. Based on the calculation of fuzzy distances and fuzzy nearness between different evaluation indexes, weighs of information entropy of indexes are gained. Then the levels of current complex product assembling scheme can be acquired. At last, specific project example is conducted to analyze and verify the model and the algorithm. The effectiveness and feasibility of the model and the algorithm are proven.

Ecological civilization evaluation is an important part of the sustainable development strategy. However, because of subjective and objective reasons, it is becoming increasing clear that much data or information is of poor quality, which has serious effects on the research results. With the analysis on the cause and process of the low quality data, this article presents a fuzzy evaluation method based on gray interval number, which would assess the ecological civilization performance. The application of data-gray-correction model could change the original statistics into gray interval number to reduce the influence of statistical error. A modified FAHP is used to capture and convert experts’ subjective judgment. A modified TOPSIS on three parameters interval-valued sets is applied to rank the objects. The research show that: corrected gray interval number could contain much more information than original crisp data; compared to traditional assessment algorithms, results by fuzzy evaluation method based on interval number would match more reality.

With the improvement of people’s living standards, the food safety issue occurs frequently. How to identify all kinds of risks, evaluate these risks scientifically and manage the risk control effectively are the challenge for each sully chain manager and the relevant researchers. In order to reduce the occurrence of the food safety issues and ensure the quality of the people’s life, it is necessary to evaluate the food safety. Based on the food supply chain safety evaluation model, this paper uses AHP fuzzy integrated evaluation method with a new scale to evaluate food supply chain safety risk. The paper provides reference to ensure the safety of the food supply chain.

To improve the limitations of information entropy in the power quality evaluation process, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was proposed on Modified Entropy Weights and Catastrophe Verification. Through summing up the six indexes of power quality, and establishing the evaluation level boundary, the positive and negative entropy weights were reckoned for the power quality monitoring units; The fuzzy features and evaluation was improved to be depicted for power quality with Exponent method, and the five level membership function was set for the power quality evaluation; Then, the mechanism was set up for the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation operation. Finally, with the modified entropy information combination mode and the fuzzy catastrophe mode, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and comparative analysis was carried on for such power quality. Case showed, the power quality evaluation conclusion of Information catastrophe mode has the good consistency with the weight combination mode of the positive and negative entropy, which could realize the distinction and system evaluation to the different monitoring units.

C2C-to-B2C transformation, as the inevitable development trend of the Chinese e-commerce, involves many uncertain indexes. The Paper adopts the quantitative and qualitative method to build the index system of the C2C-to-B2C transformation, confirms indexes playing the role in the transformation, and sorts out evaluation factor set and judgement set. And the Paper ensure the weight of evaluation factors by the analytic hierarchy process, confirms the membership degree of indexes to the judgement set baseed on the questionnaire survey, build the single-factor fuzzy judgement to do the comprehensive fuzzy judgement and analysis for each index, and then supply a constructive and instructive way for the transformation-seeking and in-transformation e-commerce.

The collaboration between the company and its partners is becoming a competitive advantage to achieve long-term business success. Especially from the perspective of the supply chain, corporate profitability depends increasingly on their overall competitiveness in the supply chain rather than a single company. This paper is an attempt to the current issues and development of the supply chain collaborative technological innovation, and fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is employed to assess the performance of the collaborative technological innovation from the supply chain perspective. An empirical study is illustrated to testify the effectiveness of this method. The managerial implications and suggestions for future research are also discussed.

In recent years, the world tourism is developing rapidly. The world tourism firstly hit 1 billion in 2012. Along with the tourism booming, complaint cases are growing and tourists' satisfaction degree is dropping. In this case, to ensure the interests of tourists and keep sustainable development of tourism, the tourists' satisfaction should be evaluated and the Scenic should be improved based on the evaluation result. In this paper, a new tourist satisfaction evaluation method is proposed based on fuzzy clustering. Firstly, the large scale evaluation data is divided to parts by the fuzzy clustering method. Then, each center of the parts is chosen to evaluate the tourist satisfaction. The new evaluation method is different from the traditional methods. It can effectively cut the evaluation scale. Finally, the tourist satisfaction of Three Gorges Scenic is studied to interpret the new evaluation method.

The construction safety management evaluation problem owns many evaluation indexes. Owing to the complexity and uncertainty of evaluation index and the ambiguity of human thinking, the crisp number cannot work well in construction safety management evaluation problem. Interval number can well depict the uncertain and fuzzy information. Thus, for the construction safety management evaluation problem, we construct a multi-attribute group decision making model and use the relative method to solve. Relative ratio method is a practical and useful technique in dealing with multi-attribute decision making problems. Combined with traditional relative ratio method and interval number theory, the article proposes a multi-attribute group decision making model under the condition of uncertain information in the construction safety performance evaluation problem. Firstly, interval number evaluation matrix is applied to describe the uncertain decision information by experts. Secondly, normalization formulas are adopted to construct the normalized interval number decision matrix. Besides, Euclidian distance function is further used in the original relative ratio technique. Finally, an application example shows that the proposed model is reasonable and efficient, and can easily extend to similar decision problems.

The use of data innovation is expanding step by step ceaselessly and quickly .concerning expanding of innovation the security episodes likewise expanding. Presently days the innovation gets to be as a part of working together. In light of this innovations the dangers to an associations are likewise expanding quickly. These advances reasons number of security episodes and dangers .These dangers are rises step by step. To diminish every one of these things we need to dissect the danger which are brought on by the dangers. Hazard examination is an imperative apparatus keeping in mind the end goal to settle on right choices. This examination for the most part used to manage the digital dangers. In danger examination we must perform ID and valuation of advantages .If the recognizable proof and valuation of a benefits are not performed appropriately that may result wrong choices in danger investigation. Already such a variety of systems are proposed yet those are exceptionally entangled. Chain of command based resource valuation technique is proposed . The target of this system is to decrease the quantity of blunders.

Due to the increasing occurrence of maritime accidents and high-level requirements and modernization of naval wars, the concept of ship environment adaptability becomes more and more important. Therefore, it is of great importance to carry out an evaluation system for ship environment adaptability, which contributes to both ship design and classification. This paper develops a comprehensive evaluation system for ship environment adaptability based on fuzzy mathematics theory. An evaluation index system for ship environment adaptability is elaborately summarized first. Then the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weighting methods are applied to aggregate the evaluations of criteria weights for each criterion and the corresponding subcriteria. Next, the multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is applied to assess the ship integrative environment adaptability. Finally, in order to verify the proposed approach, an illustrative example for optimization and evaluation of five ship alternatives is adopted. Moreover, the influence of criteria weights, membership functions and fuzzy operators on the results is also analyzed.

The strategic location of city logistics facilities may help to establish more efficient urban logistics systems, reduce social and environmental costs of urban freight transport, and improve urban traffic conditions. In addition, it may allow a number of shippers or freight carriers to jointly operate freight vehicles and terminals or information systems while allowing them to have the capability to provide higher levels of services to their customers. This paper considers the problem of selecting a location for a city logistics facility while considering linguistic factors. This paper identifies the important factors in the selection of a location for a city logistics facility by performing a case study which applies the analytic hierarchy process method on data from Chongqing, China. The optimal location in Chongqing is then determined by using the fuzzy synthetic evaluation method. The results of this paper are expected to help municipal governments select appropriate locations for city logistics facilities and quantify the advantages and disadvantages of alternative locations.

무단절 통신의 목표는 이동 사용자에게 단절 자유 서비스를 제공하는데 있으며, 이동 서비스의 단절은 활동적 핸드오프에 의해 발생된다. 이동 무선망에서 무단절 서비스에 대한 완전 보장을 요구하지 않으나 매우 빈번한 단절을 허용하지 않는 많은 사용자 응용들이 있다. 이 논문에서는 무단절 서비스에 대한 언어적 보장을 제공하는 퍼지 멀티캐스트 방법을 제안한다. 무단절 서비스에 대한 언어적 보장이 이동 사용자에 의해 명세되면, 제안하는 퍼지 멀티캐스트 방법은 이동 호스트의 이동 방향과 이동 속도를 예측하고, 퍼지 논리에 의해 그 이동 호스트를 위한 체이터 패텟은 모든 이웃 셀이 아닌 일부 이웃 셀에게 전송된다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 우리는 다음 사항들을 알 수 있었다. 첫째, 퍼지 멀티캐스트 방법은 정적 대역폭 사용을 상당히 감소시키고 또한 무단절 서비스에 대한 언어적 보장을 제공한다. 둘째, 무단절 서비스 확률은 이동 사용자의 언어적 QoS와 이동 호스트의 이동 방향에 의해 결정되고, 특히 이동 사용자의 언어적 QoS에 의해 많은 영향을 받는다. 그러므로 퍼지 멀티캐스트는 이동 사용자의 언어적 QoS 명세로 무단절 서비스에 대한 좋은 차등 서비스를 제공한다.