Earticle

본 연구의 목적은 코칭 리더십의 구성요소와 척도에 관한 국내 선행연구의 내용을 분석하는 것이다. 분석 대상은 2011년∼2020년에 국내 학술지에 게재된 코칭 리더십 관련 논문 총 85편이고, 224명의 코치에 관한 설문 조사 결과이다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, Stowell의 견해가 가장 많이 인용되었지만, 정작 그는 코칭 리더십의 구성요소를 조작적으로 정의하지 않았다. 둘째, 코칭 리더십 척도를 국내 처음으로 제안한 사람은 조은현·탁진국이 었다. 하지만 그들은 스스로 일부 항목의 불안정성을 인정했다. 시사점은 다음과 같다. 향후 코칭 리더십 연구를 진행할 때, 코칭 리더십 구성요소에 관한 조작적 정의, 개발된 구성요소에 대한 코칭 현장과의 일치성 검토와 통계 적 검증을 고려할 필요가 있다. 본 연구 결과는 확인된 문제점을 보완할 수 있는 연구 방향을 제시함으로써 코칭 연구의 진일보에 이바지하고 있다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the contents of previous domestic studies on the components and measures of coaching leadership. The subject of analysis is the results of a survey on 224 coaches and a total of 85 coaching leadership-related papers published in domestic academic journals from 2011 to 2020. The results were as follows. First, while Stowell's view was most cited, he did not operationally define the components of coaching leadership. Second, Cho & Tak were the first to propose a coaching leadership scale in Korea. However, they acknowledged the instability shown in some of the items they had developed. The implications are as follows. When conducting coaching leadership research in the future, it is necessary to consider the operational definition of the coaching leadership components, the study of consistency with the coaching field for the developed components, and statistical verification.

본 연구의 목적은 교회교육 전문가들이 전하는 유아 신앙의 의미와 그 형성에 관 한 이야기를 탐색하여 유아 신앙교육의 방향에 대한 제언을 하고자 함이다. 이러한 목적을 위해 (기독교)교육학 박사이면서 기독교교육 현장에서 사역하고 있는 교육전 문가 그리고 관련 분야 석사학위 이상을 소지하면서 5년 이상의 유아 유치부 사역경 험이 있는 현장전문가 18인을 대상으로 유아 신앙과 관련된 이해와 경험을 심층적으 로 면담하였다. 분석 결과, 유아 신앙의 특징은 하나님과 관련된 일을 좋아함, 영적 민감성을 보임, 신학적 개념의 이해, 성품을 통한 표현, 다면적 평가의 필요성으로 나 타났다. 하나님과 관련된 일을 좋아함에는 하나님을 사랑함, 교회와 예배를 사모함, 하나님과 이웃 섬기기 그리고 하나님의 영광을 위해 사는 삶이 하위 범주로, 영적 민 감성에는 말씀을 스펀지처럼 흡수함, 믿음의 고백, 말씀의 적용, 어려움 중에 발현되 는 신앙이 하위 범주로 도출되었다. 유아 신앙을 형성하기 위한 방법으로 영적 온실 인 가정의 역할, 어린 아이들을 품는 교회, 가정과 교회의 협력적 노력, 주중 유아교 육기관의 조력이 필요하다고 제시되었다. 가정의 하위 범주에 부모의 신앙과 모델링, 경건한 조부모의 지원 그리고 부모교육, 교회의 하위 범주에 따뜻한 분위기와 교사의 영향력, 가정과 교회의 공통분모 아래 의도적 교육과 가정 연계 교육이 포함되었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 효과적인 기독교 유아교육의 실천을 위해서 가정과 교회의 의 도적 신앙훈련, 부모를 세우고 협력자로 초청하기, 경건하고 따뜻한 공동체 분위기 형 성, 교회-가정-주중 유아교육기관이 연계된 의도적이고 협력적 교육의 실시 등을 제언하였다.

The purpose of this study is to provide suggestions for Christian educators of young children by exploring the meaning of young children’s faith. For this purpose, in-depth interviews using semi-structured interview questions were conducted with 18 research participants who had been ministers of young children for more than five years with master’s degrees, and ministry experts with doctoral degrees in Christian education. Findings of this study showed that the young children’s faith caused them to love things related to God such as: church, churchgoers and worship, showing spiritual sensitivity, understanding theological concepts and demonstrating mature character—but require broader multidimensional evaluation. The ways to form a child’s faith are distinguished within three categories: Family —the parent’s faith and modeling, devoted grandparent’s support, and parent education; Church—church’s intentional education and warm atmosphere; and Weekday Christian centers. The researcher suggests, based on the results, that effective educational practices would include active faith training, support of and cooperation with parents, a warm atmosphere of church community, intentional and cooperative education connected with church and family, and weekday Christian education centers.

ESG has increasingly established a foothold in the field of social welfare and is emerging as a significant paradigm. However, empirical evidence regarding its applicability and implementation within social welfare organizations remains limited. This study conducted an exploratory investigation to assess the applicability of ESG management to the social welfare sector. A structured survey was administered to the directors of 19 social welfare organizations in Daejeon Metropolitan City. The survey instrument was designed by identifying the primary functions and tasks of social welfare organizations and applying the PDCA Cycle framework. The analysis revealed results regarding stepwise promotion rates, institutional promotion levels, positive and negative perceptions, and detailed awareness and implementation tasks related to ESG management. Overall, the study found that ESG management adoption remains at an early stage, with substantial variation across institutions. Based on these findings, the study proposes core implementation strategies and detailed guidelines to facilitate the revitalization and effective integration of ESG management within the social welfare sector.

Purpose: This exploratory, qualitative study was conducted to explore Chinese couples’ perceived educational needs for parenting a child with specific learning difficulties (SLD). Methods: We recruited a purposive sample of 25 couples who were caring for a child with SLD at home from one regional child mental health center in Hong Kong. Data were collected from individual couples via audio-taped, semi-structured interviews between April and June 2011. Each interview lasted for about an hour. We analyzed the interview data using qualitative content analysis, as suggested by Graneheim and Lundman (2004). Results: Four identified categories of parents’ perceived educational needs were information needs for caregiving, a variety of health concerns with themselves and their child, inadequate psychosocial support, and perceived stigma attached to help-seeking. These results reveal challenges and information for mental health professionals in providing effective educational and psychosocial support and culturespecific health care for these families and their children with learning disabilities. Conclusion: Our findings indicate a few important educational needs of parents in caring for a child with SLD that might be underestimated by mental health professionals and teachers, such as psychological support and information needs. To facilitate effective parenting, holistic and individualized needs assessment and education should be provided to address each parent’s biopsychosocial and cultural needs in relation to caregiving.

Scandals are often imagined as moments when journalism reasserts its watchdog authority by exposing wrongdoing and mobilizing accountability. However, this expectation becomes unstable in fragile democratic contexts, where scandal visibility does not consistently translate into institutional resolution. This exploratory study examines how publics engage scandal news and what these engagements reveal about journalism’s authority through what is conceptualized here as ambivalent governanceambivalent governance. Focusing on the Philippine Offshore Gaming Operator (POGO) controversy, the study combines semi-structured interviews conducted in Pasay, Tagbilaran, and Davao with qualitative content analysis of Facebook and YouTube discussions. The analysis shows that publics engaged scandal news through repertoires of ambivalence?pragmatic balancing, mediated fatigue, and distant condemnation?which in digital circulation appeared as satire, cynicism, and nationalist moralizing. Rather than signaling disengagement, these practices reflect sustained orientation to scandal as an ongoing and familiar mode of public knowledge. These practices reveal attentiveness without closure: journalism remains a key source of visibility even as its capacity to produce accountability is questioned. The study advances ambivalent governance as an analytical framework for understanding how journalistic authority is negotiated under conditions of recurrent exposure without closure in fragile democracies.

The current study explores the influence of media use and interpersonal communication as antecedent variables to the illusion of knowing, the difference or discrepancy between perceived and factual knowledge. This study also examines the role of personal interest in science as mediating the relationship between communication activities and the illusion of knowing. A survey of undergraduate students showed interpersonal and mass mediated communicative actions, as well as interest in science, increased the illusion of knowing in the context of science communication. Support for the hypothesized mediation model was found, indicating that the effects of media use and interpersonal communication on the tendency to overestimate perceived knowledge about scientific issues occur indirectly through interest in science.

On-device machine learning is fundamentally constrained by limited storage, especially in continuous data collection scenarios where sensor or vision streams accumulate rapidly. This paper empirically investigates storage-aware learning, characterizing the trade-off between data quantity and data quality under lossy compression. Using the CIFAR-10 dataset as a controlled benchmark, we systematically vary both the amount and the fidelity of training data to understand their joint impact on model performance. Our results reveal that (1) neither maximizing quantity nor quality alone yields optimal accuracy, emphasizing that the optimal trade-off between them depends nonlinearly on the available storage budget, and (2) data samples exhibit differential sensitivity to compression, motivating a sample-wise adaptive compression policy. These findings challenge uniform data-retention strategies such as naive data dropping or fixed-rate compression, and establish a foundation for adaptive, storage-efficient learning systems on resource-limited devices. This work opens new directions toward generalizable, storage-aware on-device intelligence.

Music often serves as a tool for inducing physiological relaxation, a positive state of mind in individuals who experience sleep difficulties. A recent laboratory study suggested that physiological sounds, including heartbeat (HB) sounds, may induce relaxation. In this study, we explored whether music combined with HBs can improve sleep quality in adults. A total of 70 adults, aged 40?68 years, with sleep difficulties, were randomized into a 4-week music+HB intervention, an audiobook control, and a waitlist group, and data from 63 adults were included in the final analysis. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in all the participants. We observed that the symptoms of early morning awakening and subjective sleep quality were significantly improved with the music+HB intervention than in the waitlist group. Specifically, intervention-induced improved sleep quality persisted even for 4 weeks after intervention in individuals without severe depression. We concluded that music combined with HB may be potentially useful as a healthcare self-help tool for individuals with subclinical levels of insomnia or temporary sleep disturbances, as opposed to being a primary treatment modality for patients with clinical-level insomnia and comorbid depressive disorder.

Purpose: Safe sleep practices (SSP) are among the main strategies to reduce sleep-relatedsudden unexplained infant death (SUID). Daycare personnel must be knowledgeable and trained in SSP related to SUID. This study explored the experience, knowledge, and confidence regarding SSP associated with SUID of daycare personnel. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 395 staff members at 61 daycare centers to measure their experience related to SSP (10 items), related to sleep position and location, bedding materials, and other topics; knowledge of SSP (18 items); and confidence in SSP (1 item) related to SUID. Results: A substantial proportion (23.6%) of respondents used the lateral or prone positions for infant sleep. On average, 4.5 bedding materials were used for infant sleep. Participants showed a lack of knowledge about SSP as indicated by a 56.6% knowledge of SSP related to SUID correct answer rate. Personnel who received SUID education were more knowledgeable and had more confidence regarding SSP than those who did not. More knowledge and confidence related to SSP were associated with better adherence to SSP. Conclusion: Standard SSP guidelines should be developed based on South Korea's culture of childcare for educating both childcare professionals and parents at home.

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a conceptual framework for understanding non-adherence to self-management among patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). This was accomplished through a literature review, in-depth interviews with patients, and a survey of healthcare professionals featuring semi-structured open-ended questions. Methods: First, a systematic literature review was conducted across five databases. Next, 25 patients with COPD participated in detailed interviews that included seven semi-structured questions. Subsequently, 15 healthcare professionals completed a survey about factor categories and specific factors associated with non-adherence to COPD self-management. Categories and factors identified at least once across these three methods were documented. Finally, two researchers conducted preliminary mapping of the relationships between factor categories and individual factors, which was assessed for face validity by a third researcher. All processes were conducted from March 28, 2022, and January 30, 2023. Results: The research revealed eight factor categories and 53 individual factors associated with non-adherence to COPD self-management. The categories encompassed personal, socioeconomic, disease-related, functional, treatment-related, health system-related, and environmental characteristics. The literature review, patient interviews, and survey of healthcare professionals yielded 35, 19, and 44 factors, respectively. Twelve factors were identified using all three sources. All processes were conducted from March 28, 2022, and January 30, 2023. Conclusion: In this study, quantitative and qualitative methods were employed to develop a conceptual framework for non-adherence to COPD self-management. The findings indicate that effective self-management of this condition requires not only patient effort but also adaptations to complex treatment regimens, societal perceptions, and workplace environments.

This article describes the instruments and experimental tasks used in exploratory tests carried out by the PACTE Group. These tests were undertaken preparatory to the final experiment designed to determine the nature of Translation Competence in written translation-the first phase of a two-phase project designed to investigate the Acquisition of Translation Competence in written translation. A general overview of the characteristics of the research project is given, followed by a description of the aims and objectives of the exploratory tests, the experimental tasks and the instruments used. Some conclusions resulting from these tests are presented.

The problem of decision-making has been widely explored across various fields, including management, economics, and industry. Previous research has focused on enhancing the precision and generalizability of decision-making models for practical applications, and numerous approaches have been proposed to measure and improve decision-making processes. This study investigates the behavior of swing voters by analyzing those who supported different parties in the April 2024 general election. Specifically, it focuses on identifying the critical points at which voters make decisions and select candidates. By examining how voting behavior shifts within a short time frame, this study seeks to provide valuable insights into the factors influencing voter decisions. Understanding swing voters—who play a pivotal role in determining election outcomes in periods of political polarization—has significant implications for enhancing the democratic accountability and responsiveness of political parties in elections.

This study aims to strengthen and improve the evaluation system for national critical infrastructure protection by considering the importance of such infrastructure and the key feature of interdependency. This research analyzed the changing trends of the national critical infrastructure protection plan in the United States (NIPP-2006, NIPP-2009, NIPP-2013) to derive implications and propose a plan for developing the evaluation system for national infra protection. As a result of the analysis, the problems of Korean NIPP are as follows; First, the national goal of protecting national critical infrastructure is unclear. Second, understanding of the interdependence and independence of the national critical infrastructure is relatively weak due to the lack of national infra protection goals. Third, it is a matter of utilizing the evaluation results of the National Critical Infrastructure Protection Plan. Therefore, it is judged that it is time to consider changing the fundamental approach to the national critical infrastructure protection system and resetting the direction of the protection plan.

본 연구는 자유전공학부 신입생의 학습경험과 전공탐색 경험을 중심으로 대학생활 과정에서 어떠한 경험과 의미를 형성해 가는지를 탐색하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 국내 대학 자유전공학부 신입생 22명을 대상으로 2025년 1학기와 2학기에 걸쳐 두 차례 인터뷰를 실시하고 자료를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 자유전공학부 신입생의 대학생활 경험은 자기이해와 전공탐색, 관계 형성, 학업 및 대학생활 방향 설계가 상호 연결된 과정으로 나타났다. 학생들은 초기 학습경험을 통해 자기주도적 학습의 필요성을 인식하고 자신의 흥미와 가치, 진로 방향을 탐색하고 있었다. 전공탐색 과정에서는 전공선택 기준을 외부적 기준에서 자기적합성 중심으로 재구성해 가는 동시에, 정보 탐색의 어려움과 선택의 불확실성도 경험하고 있었다. 또한 대학생활에서 또래, 선배, 교수와의 상호작용 및 학부 차원의 지원을 통해 대학 공동체와 연결되는 경험을 형성하고 있었으며, 대학생활 속 다양한 경험을 바탕으로 자신의 학업 및 진로 방향을 점차 구체화해 가고 있었다. 이러한 결과는 자유전공학부 신입생 지원이 자기이해와 전공탐색, 학내 구성원과의 관계 형성, 학습경험을 유기적으로 연계하는 방향에서 이루어질 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

The purpose of this study was to explore how freshmen in the Undeclared Major Division formed experiences and meanings throughout the process of college life, focusing on their learning experiences and major exploration experiences. To this end, two rounds of interviews were conducted with 22 freshmen in the Undeclared Major Division at a university in South Korea during the first and second semesters of 2025, and the data were analyzed. The findings revealed that the college life experiences of freshmen in the Undeclared Major Division appeared as an interconnected process involving self-understanding, major exploration, relationship formation, and the planning of academic and college life directions. Through their initial learning experiences, students recognized the need for self-directed learning and explored their interests, values, and career directions. During the process of major exploration, students reconstructed their criteria for major selection from external standards toward personal fit, while simultaneously experiencing difficulties in information searching and uncertainty in making choices. In addition, students formed experiences of connecting with the university community through interactions with peers, senior students, and professors, as well as support provided at the divisional level. Based on various experiences throughout college life, they gradually clarified their academic and career directions. These findings suggest that support for freshmen in the Undeclared Major Division needs to be implemented in ways that organically connect self-understanding, major exploration, relationship formation with university members, and learning experiences.

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools such as ChatGPT and Grammarly have rapidly entered English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education, offering new opportunities for feedback and learning autonomy while raising ethical concerns. This exploratory study examined Vietnamese translation stu-dents’ perceptions of GenAI through the combined lenses of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT). A survey of 44 undergraduates measured self-report ratings on perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), autonomy, competence, and ethical use using a 32-item Likert-scale questionnaire. Results revealed uniformly high self-perceptions across all con-structs, indicating strong subjective acceptance and confidence. Correlational analyses showed signifi-cant positive relationships among all variables, while regression analyses demonstrated that PU signif-icantly predicted competence and autonomy, and competence alone predicted ethical use. These find-ings suggest that students’ ethical engagement with GenAI stems primarily from their perceived com-petence rather than ease or usefulness alone. The study highlights a developmental shift from mere AI acceptance toward ethical empowerment, emphasizing competence-based ethics and autonomy-sup-portive pedagogy. Integrating TAM and SDT provides a holistic framework to understand how cogni-tive beliefs and motivational needs jointly shape responsible AI literacy in EFL education. Pedagogical implications include designing guided AI literacy tasks that transform technological utility into ethical capability.

Các công cụ trí tuệ nhân tạo tạo sinh (GenAI) như ChatGPT và Grammarly đang nhanh chóng được tích hợp vào giảng dạy tiếng Anh như một ngoại ngữ (EFL), mang lại cơ hội cho phản hồi và tính tự chủ trong học tập, đồng thời cũng đặt ra những vấn đề đạo đức. Nghiên cứu này khảo sát nhận thức của sinh viên chuyên ngành ngôn ngữ Anh tại Việt Nam về GenAI dựa trên Mô hình Chấp nhận Công nghệ (TAM) và Thuyết Tự Quyết (SDT). Khảo sát với 44 sinh viên thông qua bảng hỏi Likert 32 mục để tự đánh giá tính hữu ích (PU), tính dễ sử dụng (PEOU), tính tự chủ, năng lực và việc sử dụng có đạo đức. Kết quả cho thấy mức độ tự đánh giá cao ở tất cả các biến, phản ánh sự chấp nhận và tự tin mạnh mẽ của người học. Các phân tích tương quan chỉ ra mối quan hệ tích cực có ý nghĩa giữa các biến. Phân tích hồi quy cho thấy tính hữu ích dự đoán đáng kể năng lực và tính tự chủ, trong khi năng lực là yếu tố duy nhất dự đoán việc sử dụng có đạo đức. Những kết quả này cho thấy việc sử dụng GenAI có đạo đức chủ yếu xuất phát từ năng lực cảm nhận của người học, thay vì chỉ từ tính hữu ích hay tính dễ sử dụng. Nghiên cứu nhấn mạnh sự chuyển dịch từ chấp nhận công nghệ sang trao quyền đạo đức, đồng thời gợi ý thiết kế các nhiệm vụ học tập nhằm phát triển năng lực sử dụng AI một cách có trách nhiệm.

재난 이후 회복 과정은 개인마다 크게 다르며 이 또한 회복탄력성 수준에 크게 영향을 받는다. 기존 연구는 회복탄력성을 개인적 특성으로 강조해 왔으나, 재난 이후 생존자들이 삶의 의미를 어떻게 재구성하는지에 대한 연구는 상대적으로 부족하다. 본 연구는 내러티브 접근을 활용하여 두 차례 이상의 재난을 경험한 다섯 명의 참여자를 대상으로 심층 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 분석 결과 다섯 가지 핵심 주제가 도출되었다: 재난 경험의 충격과 공포, 생존과 가족에 대한 책임감, 의미 재구성, 제도적 대응의 한계, 가족·공동체·개인적 경험과 같은 회복탄력성의 자원이다. 연구 결과, 재난은 실존적 위협으로 경험되었으나 가족 유대, 공동체 관계, 자기효능감이 회복을 뒷받침한 반면, 미흡한 제도적 지원은 회복을 방해하는 요인으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 의미 재구성과 회복탄력 성의 긴밀한 연관성을 보여주며, 효과적인 재난 개입과 심리사회적 지원에 중요한 시사점을 제공한다.

The recovery process following a disaster varies significantly among individuals and is greatly influenced by their level of resilience. While existing research has primarily emphasized resilience as an individual trait, relatively few studies have explored how survivors reconstruct meaning in their lives after a disaster. This study adopted a narrative inquiry approach, conducting in-depth interviews with five participants who had experienced at least two disasters. Analysis yielded five core themes: the shock and terror of disaster experiences; responsibility for survival and family; meaning reconstruction; limitations of institutional responses; and resources for resilience encompassing family, community, and personal experiences. Findings suggest that while disasters were perceived as existential threats, family bonds, community connections, and self-efficacy supported recovery, whereas inadequate institutional support acted as an obstacle. This study emphasizes the interrelatedness of meaning reconstruction and resilience, providing important implications for effective disaster intervention and psychosocial support.

This study aims to propose marketing strategies utilizing influencers for small and medium-sized agri-food enterprises(SMEs) preparing to enter overseas markets. To this end, interviews were conducted and analyzed with nine local importing companies and fourteen Korean participating companies that attended an overseas buyer consultation meeting focusing on export-related difficulties and experiences at the field level. Based on these findings, the study seeks to provide practical implications for the international market entry strategies of SMEs. The results confirm that young consumers are significantly influenced by professional influencers. Accordingly it is necessary to identify local agri-food influencers and develop programs that facilitate communication with global consumers through continuous education and information-sharing about K-food. As a concrete measure, this study proposes adding a new “Influencer Utilization Support Program” to the existing “Marketing Enhancement” or “Localization Support” initiatives under the Agri-food Global Growth Package Program currently operated by the Korea Agro-Fisheries & Food Trade Corporation(aT). Through such support, SMEs would be able to select and collaborate with influencers suited to their target markets which would greatly benefit rapid localization and market penetration strategies. Furthermore, since this study approaches the subject based on the ongoing case of aT’s overseas buyer consultation meetings, it provides practical insights that can be immediately applied by SMEs preparing for global market entry thereby underscoring its managerial significance.

The objective of this study is to examine the factors that contribute to the phenomenon of disaster inequality, with a particular focus on public perception. The analysis demonstrates that the key factors influencing disaster inequality include political orientation, disaster experience, capacity of metropolitan governments to recover from disasters, the effectiveness of government-citizen communication, social disaster vulnerability, resilience of communities, social conflict, distribution of resources in an unfair manner. Furthermore, the interplay between the disaster management capacity of basic local governments and the unequal distribution of resources during the recovery phase, and between the disaster management capacity of metropolitan governments and the unequal distribution of resources during the prevention phase, was identified as a key factor influencing disaster inequality. The study proposes policy directions as follows: strengthening of protection for vulnerable groups, enhancement of communication and cooperation between actors, expansion of citizen participation in the formation of disaster management policy, resource distribution process.