Earticle

본 연구는 동일한 강도 및 절차로 구성된 서로 다른 빈도의 12주간 저항성 운동이 20대 성인 남성의 최대근력 변화와 인체조성에 미치는 효과를 상호 비교·분석하여, 바쁜 현대인들이 실질적이고 지속적으로 수행할 수 있는 최소 한의 운동 빈도를 찾아, 정보를 제공하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 규칙적 운동 경력 및 병리학적 질환이 없는 43명의 남자 대 학생(평균연령: 21.7±2.5)이 본 연구에 참여하였으며, 그 중 8명은 주 3회 운동군, 18명은 주 1회 운동군, 17명은 대 조군으로 그룹 분류하였다. 주 3회 운동군과 주 1회 운동군의 운동강도 및 운동절차(150분/일, 60% 1RM)는 동일하였 으며, 운동빈도만 주 1회 또는 주 3회로 구분하였다. 운동 전에 비해 12주간의 운동훈련 후 대흉근, 광배근, 삼각근의 최대근력을 대변하는 벤치프레스, 랫풀다운, 숄더프레스의 1RM 및 복근의 근지구력을 대변하는 윗몸일으키기 최대반 복횟수는 주 3회 운동군과 주 1회 운동군 모두에서 유의한 증가를 나타내었으며, 두 그룹 간의 통계적 유의차는 나타나 지 않았다. 주 1회 및 주 3회 운동그룹 모두 체지방량, 체지방율, 복부지방율에서는 유의한 감소를, 근육량에서는 유의 한 증가를 나타내었으며, 두 그룹 간의 통계적 유의차는 나타나지 않았다. 체중과 BMI에서는 두 운동군 모두 어떠한 변 화도 나타나지 않았다. 대조군에서는 모든 변인에서 12주 전·후에 어떠한 통계적 변화도 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과는 저항성 운동 훈련을 위한 전통적인 권장 운동빈도인 주 3회 운동보다 낮은 주 1회 운동 빈도로도 지속적이고 규 칙적인 운동 훈련을 유지할 경우, 근육량 및 근력 향상에 있어 긍정적인 효과를 나타낼 수 있음을 보여준다. 이는 바쁜 현대인에게 근력 유지 및 향상을 위한 최소한의 운동빈도에 대한 정보를 제공한 데 의의가 있다고 하겠다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12-week resistance training with different exercise frequency in consistent intensity on muscular strength and body composition in untrained young adults. Forty three healthy male college students (age: 21.7±2.5)without any chronic disease were recruited with their agreement for the participation. 8 out of 43 participants were engaged in comprehensive resistance training 3 times a week (3/wk) for 12 weeks, while 18 participants have performed it 1 time a week (1/wk) in the same exercise protocol(150 min/day, 60% 1RM). The other 17 participants were engaged as the control (CON). As compared to pre-training, post-training 1RMs in bench press, sit-up, lateral pull down, and shoulder press were increased significantly in both 3/wk and 1/wk groups without any statistical difference in between groups, while there was no change before and after 12 weeks of training in CON. Enhancement of muscle mass and the attenuation of fat mass including abdominal fat were observed in both 3/wk and 1/wk groups with no statistical change in body weight and BMI. Findings in this study provide an evidence that the strategy for lesser exercise frequency could be applied as positive reinforcement for the untrained young adult beginners of exercise.

This study examined the weekly frequency of exercise participation among older adults in South Korea and identified the factors influence this frequency. A frequency analysis compared sociodemographic characteristics based on weekly frequency of exercise participation. A linear regression analysis identified factors influencing participation in exercise less than 3 times a week and participation in no exercise. A total of 312 participants (mean age, 80.47± 6.80 years), women exercised less frequently than men. Increased age correlated with lower exercise participation, with the lowest rates among individuals aged 86 or older. Higher education levels were associated with more frequent exercise, as individuals with 16 or more years of education exhibiting the highest participation rates. Compared to individuals aged 65–75, individuals aged 81–85 and those 86 or older showed significantly higher odds ratios for insufficient exercise. Conversely individuals with 16 or more years of education had significantly lower odds ratios. Economic, psychological, emotional, environmental, and physical factors, as well as information-seeking ability, were key barriers to exercise participation. These findings suggest that women and individuals aged 81 or older need more encouragement to engage in frequent exercise. Furthermore, information-seeking ability and economic, psychological, environmental, and exercise-related/personal factors significantly impact exercise participation among older adults.

본 연구의 목적은 노인여성들을 대상으로 복합운동의 참여가 수면시간 및 수면 질과 어떠한 관계가 있는가를 알 아보는데 있다. 이 연구에 자발적으로 참여한 여성은 158명이었고, 연령은 만 65-80세 사이이다. 피험자들의 신장, 체중, 신체구성성분을 측정하였고, 수면시간과 수면 질을 조사하였다. 이 연구결과, 노인여성들의 운동참여정도(주당 운동빈도, 운동시간, 운동기간)에 따른 수면시간 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 주당 운동빈도와 수면 질 간에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.05). 그리고 주당 운동빈도에 따라서 잠이 드는데 걸린 시간 간에도 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났고(p<.05), 운동시간 및 운동기간과 잠드는 시간 간에는 통계적인 유의한 차이가 없 었다. 특히, 수면시간에 따라서 수면 질 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.01). 결론적으로, 장기간 복합운 동에 참여한 노인여성들은 전반적으로 수면의 질이 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study was to verify the relationship of participation with combined exercise on the sleep duration and sleep quality in older women. A convenience sample of 158 elderly residents of assisted living facilities was participated. They are aged 65~80 years. Height, weight, body composition, and sleep duration, sleep quality were measured in this study. There were no significant differences on sleep duration between frequent, time, duration of exercise. Exercise frequent was a significant difference on sleep quality (p<.05), no significant differences on exercise time and duration. There were significant difference on the taking time of sleep in elderly women, but no significant differences between exercise time and duration. There was a significant difference on sleep quality between sleep time. Particularly, the more sleep duration, the more high on sleep quality in elderly women. Finally, Regular physical activity may improved on the sleep quality in older women.

Purpose: Ankle pump exercises (APE) have been widely used in clinical practice. However, best practices for APE have not been established. Recognize the most effective frequency of APE for improving lower extremity hemodynamics and establish recommendations in clinical practice. Methods: Therefore, a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed according to PRISMA-NMA. Six English databases (Pubmed, Medline, CINAHL, Embase, the Cochrane library and ProQuest) and four Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and Sinomed) were searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies investigating the effects of different frequencies of APE on lower limb hemodynamics published before July 2022 were included. The reference list was also searched. Seven studies (one RCTs and six quasi-experimental studies) were included in the systematic review and five studies (one RCTs and four quasi-experimental studies) were included in the NMA. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane and Joanna Briggs Institute tools. The NMA was performed using the R software (version 4.2.1) and OpenBUGS (version 3.2.3). Results: The results of the NMA showed that a frequency of every 3e4 s the most effective in improving lower extremity hemodynamics (P ¼.85), followed by every 1e2 s (P ¼ .81), every 5e6 s (P¼.32) and less than every 10 s (P ¼.02). Subgroup analysis failed to find a difference between healthy participants and those with unilateral total hip arthroplasty or fracture (MD ¼ A0.23, 95% CI-5.92 to 4.61). Conclusions: Consequencely, for adult patients, with or without lower extremity disease, a frequency of every 3e4 s can be recommended as the optimal frequency of APE in clinical care practice.

Background: Forward head posture (FHP) has become increasingly common owing to the widespread use of digital devices and sedentary work environments. This postural deviation leads to muscle imbalances, increased cervical and shoulder tension, and reduced range of motion (ROM). Various exercises and Transfer Electrode Capacitive and Resistive (TECAR) therapy are frequently used to address FHP-related problems. However, direct comparisons of their immediate effects remain limited. Objects: This study aimed to compare the immediate effects of TECAR therapy and self-exercise (SE) on cervical ROM, muscle tone, and rounded shoulder posture in patients with FHP. Methods: Thirty adults with FHP were randomly assigned to either the TECAR therapy group (n = 15) or the SE group (n = 15). Each group received one 20-minute session. The TECAR group underwent capacitive- and resistive-mode treatments applied to the cervical and shoulder regions to promote thermal relaxation. The SE group performed supervised stretching of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), upper trapezius, scalene, and pectoralis major (PM); shoulder shrugs; chin tucks; and isometric neck exercises. Cervical ROM, muscle tone, and acromion-totable distance (ATD) were measured before and after the intervention. Statistical analyses were performed using paired and independent t-tests with α = 0.05. Results: Both interventions significantly improved cervical ROM, muscle tone, and ATD (p < 0.05). The TECAR group showed greater improvements in left lateral flexion ROM (p = 0.015), greater reductions in right SCM (p = 0.012) and left PM tone (p = 0.024), and greater correction of right-sided ATD (p = 0.036) than the SE group. Conclusion: TECAR therapy and SE effectively improved cervical mobility, reduced muscle tone, and corrected postural misalignment in patients with FHP. TECAR therapy demonstrated superior short-term effects in promoting muscle relaxation and alignment, supporting its value as an adjunct to exercise-based rehabilitation.

Objective: Psychomotor imagery has been widely used to improve motor performance and motor learning. Recent research suggests that during visualization, changes occur in neurophysiological networks that make physical practice more effective in configuring functional networks for skillful behaviors. The aim of our pilot study was to determine if there was change and to what extent there was differentiation in modulation in electroencephalography (EEG) frequencies between visualizing a state of rest and a state of exercise performance and to identify the preponderant frequency. Design: Quasi-experimental design uncontrolled before and after study. Methods: EEG brain wave activity was recorded from 0-40 Hz from nine cerebral cortical scalp regions F3, Fz, F4, C3, Cz, C4, P3, POz, and P4 with a wireless telemetric EEG system. The subjects, while sitting on a chair with eyes closed, were asked to visualize themselves in a state of routine rest/relaxation and after a period of time in a state of their routine exercise performance. Results: The gamma frequency, 31-40 Hz, (${\gamma}$) was the predominant wave band in differentiation between visualizing a state of rest versus visualizing a state of exercise performance. Conclusions: We suggest these preliminarily findings show the EEG electrocortical activity for athletes is differentially modulated during visualization of exercise performance in comparison to rest with a predominant ${\gamma}$ wave band frequency observed during the state of exercise. Further controlled experimental studies will be performed to elaborate these observations and delineate the significance to optimization of psychomotor exercise performance.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of repetitive hold-relax exercise on frequency, stiffness and decrement in forward head posture syndrome. Methods: The study was conducted on 16 males and females in their 20s with a head and spine angle of 49 degrees or less. Subjects conducted repetitive hold-relaxation exercise once a day for 30 minutes, 3 times a week, during a total of 4 weeks to compare pre-post effects of the exercise. Results: There was a significant decrease in muscle properites between pre- and post- repetitive hold-relax exercise, including tension(F) and stiffness(S), and a significant increase in decrement(D) was observed (P<.05). Conclusion: It was found that the intervention applying the hold-relaxation exercise improved in muscle properties in patients with the forward head posture. In the future, it is necessary to select a wide range of age groups and a large number of subjects to identify aging effects of exercise on muscles.

The purpose of this study is to find an optimal rehabilitation therapy intervention, especially in this study, by comparing the effects of applying both virtual reality (VR) programs and microwave diathermy (MWD) at the same time. The subjects of this study participated 19 college students in their 20s. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The first group received MWD (male:2 female:8) and VR ankle training, while the second group (male:2 female:7) received only the VR training. The interventions were conducted three times a week for four weeks. Biodex Balance System® is a tool to measure balance degree in this study. The MWD (PM-800S, ITO, Japan) intervention was conducted by setting the frequency of 2450㎒ and the output of 100W before the implementation of the VR exercise program. The exercise in this study was conducted using the Nintendo Wii Fit Plus program for VR exercise. Comparison of the results of the groups that implemented MWD and VR at the same time and those that implemented VR only are as follows. In the static balance, VR groups were significantly lower in all directions such as overall, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral (p<.05). There was no statistically significant difference in dynamic balance (p>.05). If the therapist does not properly perform the examination when applying MWD for FAI, the effect might not be significant. VR exercise programs can also be used to improve the balance of FAI, although it has limitations.

The purpose of this study was to determine effects of elastic resistance training to exercise frequency on body composition and functional fitness in elderly women. 23 elderly women(71.8±58 years) were randomly divided into control(n=8), two days/week exercise group(GroupⅠ, n=7) and three days/week exercise group(GroupⅡ, n=8). Supervised exercise program was performed 60 minutes a day for 12 weeks using the elastic bands. We measured subjects' body composition, functional fitness(strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, balance, speed, cardiovascular endurance). After 12 weeks exercise program, elastic resistance exercise program didn't affect body fat of elderly women. Elderly women participated in exercise program groups showed significantly greater improvement of functional fitness such as strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, balance than control group. However, we didn't show significant difference between GroupⅠ and GroupⅡ in functional fitness. In conclusion, we observed the improvement of functional fitness in elderly women through both twice a week and three times a week participation in elastic resistance program.

Purpose：The purpose of this study was analyze the effect combination exercise program on plasma total antioxidant capacity and free oxygen radical according to exercise frequency of elderly. Age range of subject is 65~70 years. Methods：Subjects divided into three groups: control group(0-time), week-3 times group(3-times), week-5 times group(5-times). Each group were performed combination exercise during 8 weeks. Results：The results of each group by ANOVA free oxygen radical have a change(p<.05). We performed comparison of total antioxidant capacity and free oxygen radical pre-test and post-test on each groups. Total antioxidant capacity was increased in the 3-times and 5-times groups but there have not significant. Total antioxidant capacity is improve better than to 5-times. Free oxygen radical is significant increased in the 0-time (p<.05). But 5-times but 3-times is no significant decrease. Free oxygen radical is improve better than to 3-times. Conclusion：In the old people, exercise frequency week 3 times doing appeared effectively in improvement of the free oxygen radical and 5 times doing appeared effectively in improvement of the total antioxidant capacity. So rightly must apply a exercise frequency well in characteristic of old person each person.

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of aerobic exercise frequency on lipids profile and liver function as well as creatine phosphokinase(CPK) activity in dyslipidemia elderly women. For the purpose, the subjects of this study were assigned into three groups, who the first was 3 times/week exercise group (3-EG, n=8), the second was 6 times/week exercise group (6-EG, n=8), and the last was 12 times/week exercise group (12-EG, n=7). The aerobic exercise programs were operated on warm-up (10min), work-out (30~50min), and cool-down (10min) for 24 weeks. The results were as follows : At first, TG, HDL-C as well as LDL-C were significantly improved for 6-EG more than other groups. At second, AST and ALT were significantly improved for 6-EG more than other groups. At last, the level of CPK was no significantly different among groups. Therefore, we summarize the results that aerobic exercise was improvement lipids profile and liver function in all groups. But, weekly exercise frequency were more effective in 6-EG more than other groups on protection and improvement on dyslipidemia as well as liver function.

본 연구는 장애인 자녀를 둔 부모를 대상으로 주평균 운동일수가 우울에 미치는 영향에서 주관적 건강상태의 매개효과를 검증하고, 성별에 따른 차이를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 한국장애인개발원의 ‘장애인삶 패널조사’ 제6차(2023년) 데이터를 활용하여, 부모 1,849명(남성 686명, 여성 1,163명)을 분석대상으로 하였다. 분석 결과, 전체 집단에서 주평균 운동일수는 주관적 건강상태에 유의미한 정적 영향을 미쳤으며, 주관적 건강상태는 우울에 유의한 부적 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 주평균 운동일수는 우울에 직접적인 부적 영향을 미쳤고, 주관적 건강상태를 매개로 한 간접효과도 유의하여 부분 매개모형이 확인되었다. 성별 하위분석에서는 여성 집단에서 운동일수가 우울에 미치는 직접효과와 간접효과가 모두 유의하였으나, 남성 집단에서는 간접효과만 유의하였다. 특히 남성 집단에서는 직업 유무가 우울에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 장애인 자녀를 둔 부모라는 돌봄 부담을 가진 부모 집단에서도 주평균 일수라는 운동 빈도가 우울 개선에 기여할 수 있음을 보여준다. 특히, 운동 참여 빈도 중심의 개입 전략이 효과적일 수 있으며, 성별 맞춤형 접근이 필요하다. 여성에게는 운동 빈도 증진을 위한 프로그램 제공이, 남성에게는 주관적 건강상태의 개선과 직업 유지 지원이 우울 완화에 도움을 줄 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본 연구는 장애인 부모의 건강 증진을 위한 성별 차별화된 중재 설계와 정책 마련의 필요성에 대하여 제언하였다.

This study aims to verify the mediating effect of subjective health status on the influence of average weekly exercise days on depression among parents of children with disabilities, and to analyse gender differences. To achieve this, data from the 6th (2023) survey of the ‘Disabled and Life Dynamics Panel’, with 1,849 parents (686 males and 1,163 females) as the analysis sample. The results showed that the average weekly exercise days had a significant positive effect on subjective health status in the entire population, and subjective health status had a significant negative effect on depression. Additionally, the average weekly exercise days had a direct negative effect on depression, and an indirect effect through subjective health status was also significant, confirming a partial mediation model. In the gender subgroup analysis, both the direct and indirect effects of exercise days on depression were significant in the female group, while only the indirect effect was significant in the male group. Notably, in the male group, employment status was found to have a significant effect on depression. These results suggest that exercise frequency, measured by average weekly exercise days, can contribute to improving depression even in a parent group with caregiving burdens, such as parents of children with disabilities. Practically, intervention strategies centred on exercise participation frequency may be effective, and a gender-tailored approach is necessary. For women, providing programmes to increase exercise frequency may help alleviate depression, while for men, improving subjective health status and supporting job retention may be beneficial. This study suggests the need for gender-differentiated intervention design and policy development to promote the health of parents of children with disabilities.

본 연구는 65세 이상의 여성 어르신 18명을 대상으로 6개월간 신체활동 참여빈도(무활동, 주 3회, 주 5회)에 따 라서 혈중지질과 인지능력의 차이를 분석하였으며, 노인체육 지도자와 어르신들에게 신체활동 수행의 절대성과 인식을 돕기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다 . 연구 결과에서 주 3회 및 5회 수행하는 어르신들은 신체구성, 혈중지질과 인지 능력이 무활동 어르신에 비해 긍정적인 결과를 나타내었으며, 특히, 주 5회 수행 어르신들은 근육량, 고밀도 지단백 콜 레스테롤(HDL-C), 신경반응 속도에서 통계적으로 유의한 의미가 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과는 어르신들의 원활한 일 상 활동을 위한 기능적인 면에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 것이며, 질병 및 사고 위험을 예방할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다. 따라서 어르신들에게 있어 주3회 이상 규칙적인 신체활동을 필히 제안한다.

This study aimed to analyze the difference of blood lipid and cognitive ability according to frequency of physical exercise participation with 18 female elderly people for 6 months and also to provide basic data for helping Physical activity of older adults teacher and elderly people raise their awareness of the necessity of physical activity. The result showed that the elderly who exercised 3 or 5 times a week had the positive result in their blood lipid and cognitive ability compared to the ones who did no exercise. Especially, the elderly with exercising 5 times a week showed statistically signigicant results in muscle volume, HDL-C, and motor nerve velocity. This result can have positive effect on preventing diseases and accident risk as well as on functional side for elderly people’s effective daily living. Therefore, exercising regularly more than 3 times a week is strongly recommended for elderly people.

Purpose: This study was object to the effects of a resistance exercise combined with relaxation therapy on blood pressure, frequency of exercise and physical fitness in elderly women. Methods: Seventy three elderly women participated in an exercise program for 12 months. The exercise program consisted of stretching, massage and resistance training using thera-bands twice a week and 50 minutes in every sessions each week. Repeated measures ANOVA were performed using SAS. Results: After the exercise program there was a significant difference in systolic blood pressure, frequency of exercise, body fat, sitting to standing, walking 2 minutes, sitting on a chair and reaching, and standing on one leg with eyes opened. After 6 months, there was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure and significant increase in frequency of exercise, body fat, sitting to standing and standing on one leg with eyes opened. In 12 months, there was a significant increase in body fat, 2 minutes walking, and sitting in a chair and reaching. Conclusion: Resistance exercise combined with muscle relaxation therapy would have a positive effect on elderly women. We found that it was helpful for the elderly women in terms of physical fitness.

본 연구는 당뇨병 환자의 건강인식, 운동욕구, 자기효능감이 운동빈도에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 시행된 서술적 연구이다. 2018년 6월부터 7월에 걸쳐, A광역시에 속한 두 개의 대학병원 내분비내과 외래를 방문한 당뇨병 진단을 환자들 중에서 자발적으로 설문지를 작성할 수 있는 86명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 연구결과는 서술적 기술 통계량과 Pearson 상관계수, 단계적 회귀분석을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 운동 빈도는 건강인식(r=..215, p=.043), 자기효능감(r=.440, p<.001)과 유의한 양의 상관관계를 나타내었고 운동 욕구(r=.144, p=.304)와는 유의한 상관관계를 나타내지 않았다. 회귀분석을 시행한 결과 운동빈도에 미치는 요인은 자기효능감(β=.440, p<.001)만이 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 모형의 설명력은 18.4%(F=20.836, p<.001)로 나타났다. 결론적으로 건강에 대한 긍정적인 인식은 자기효능감과 양의 상관관 계가 있으며 자기효능감이 높을수록 운동빈도가 증가하게 된다. 따라서, 당뇨병 환자의 건강인식을 높이는 중 재와 자기효능감 강화 교육 프로그램이 개발된다면 당뇨병 환자의 운동빈동, 즉 실질적 운동 자기관리를 증진 시키는데 도움이 될 것이다.

This paper of descriptive-correlative design determined the effects of health perception, need of exercise and self-efficacy on the frequency of exercise among diabetic patients. A total of 86 questionnaires were retrieved from these groups of diabetic patients, who regularly visits endocrinology clinics and accomplished voluntarily the major instrument distributed from two university hospitals in A city, during June to July, 2018. The result was a significant positive relationship that existed between health perception (r=.215, p=.043) and self-efficacy (r=.440, p<.001) with frequency of exercise respectively. Regression analysis revealed that the factor affecting the frequency of exercise is self efficacy (β=.440, p<.001) which illustrated to have a significant effect in the model's explanatory power at 18.4%(F=20.836, p<.001) results. This suggests that diabetic patients with a high positive health perception increase self-efficacy, their self-efficacy will help increase the frequency of exercise if further developed. Therefore, if an intervention program is developed to improve the health perception and self-efficacy education program for diabetics, it will help improve the frequency of exercise, namely diabetes management exercise.

[목적] 본 연구는 12주간 자발적 운동 참여시 선택적 음악 청취가 운동의 참여시간, 주간 빈도 그리고 체력요소에 어 떻게 영향을 미치는지 검토하는데 목적이 있다. [방법] 12주간 자발적으로 운동에 참여하였으며, 운동 중 음악청취 (n=40), 비청취(n=34) 그룹으로 나누어 신체조성, 외발서기, 싯업, 악력, 20m 왕복달리기를 측정하였다. 모든 대상자는 운동을 마치고 운동일지를 작성하였다. [결과] 자발적 운동 중 음악청취 유·무에 따른 신체적 특성, 운동 강도, 운동 참여시간, 빈도의 차이는 나타나지 않았으나, 20m 왕복달리기에서 상호작용효과가 나타났고, 싯업과 20m 왕복달리 기에서 주효과가 나타났다. [결론] 자발적 운동 참여시 음악청취의 유·무는 체력요소에 따라 다른 영향을 미칠 수 있다.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is that how to selective listening to music affects the participation time, weekly frequency, and physical factors of the exercise when participating in voluntary exercise for 12 weeks. [Method] Subjects voluntarily participated in the exercise for 12 weeks, and during the exercise, they were divided into music listening (n=40) and non-listening (n=34) groups to measure body composition, single leg test, sit-up, grip strength, and 20m shuttle run. All subjects completed the exercise and made exercise records. [Result] During voluntary exercise, there was no difference in physical characteristics, exercise intensity, exercise participation time, and frequency according to music listening or not, but the interaction effect was found in the 20m shuttle run, and the main effect was found in sit-up and 20m shuttle run. [Conclusion] When participating in voluntary exercise, the listening or non listening of music listening may have different effects depending on physical strength factors.

본 연구는 만성 요통 환자에게 요부 안정화 운동과 저주파 EMS 적용에 따른 효과를 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 50대 만성 요통 환자 12명을 대상으로 하여 4주간의 요부 안정화 운동과 저주파 EMS(Electrical Muscle Stimulation) 를 적용하였으며, 효과 분석을 위한 측정항목으로 요통 VAS(visual analogue scale, VAS)와 오스웨스트리 기능적 장애 지수(Oswestry Disability Index, ODI)를 이용하였다. 이에 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 요통 VAS에서 요부 안정화 운동 과 저주파 EMS 적용 전에 비해 적용 후에 유의하게 낮게 나타났다(p<.05). 오스웨스트리 기능적 장애지수와 관련된 8가지 항목과 장애지수에서도 요부 안정화 운동과 저주파 EMS 적용 전에 비해 적용 후에 유의하게 낮게 나타났다 (p<.05). 이처럼, 만성 요통 환자에게 요부 안정화 운동과 저주파 EMS 적용은 요통 VAS와 오스웨스트리 기능적 장애지 수의 감소에 효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 만성 요통 환자에게 요부 안정화 운동과 저주파 EMS 적용의 근거를 확인하였다는 점에서 본 연구의 의미를 둘 수 있을 것이다.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise and low frequency EMS(Electrical Muscle Stimulation) to patient with chronic low back pain. The subjects for the study were 12 patient with chronic low back pain, which trained for 4 weeks lumbar stabilization exercise and low frequency EMS and the effects on VAS of pain and Oswestry Disability Index were evaluated. The findings of this study were as follows; The experimental group significantly decreased lunbar VAS of pain after application compared to before lumbar stabilization exercise and low frequency EMS application. And the experimental group significantly decreased Oswestry Disability Index after application compared to before lumbar stabilization exercise and low frequency EMS application. To conclude, applying the lumbar stabilization exercise and low frequency EMS appeared to effectively reduce the VAS of lunbar pain and Oswestry Disability Index. This research can provide a guideline of the effective verification model of lumbar stabilization exercise and low frequency EMS to patient with chronic low back pain.

Background: The present study was performed to examine the factors required for active engagement of participants in exercise therapy by surveying the frequency of participation, fidelity of performance, and supporting materials and rewards provided to encourage participation in the study. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The survey was conducted in a population of 103 participants in at least one exercise treatment study. A 12-item questionnaire was designed to determine the frequency of exercise participation and fidelity of participant performance. Results: The results were subjected to frequency analysis and Pearson's correlation analysis. The subjects were less likely to exercise with the therapist and less likely to exercise at home. In addition, the provision of supplementary materials, to be considered when exercising at home, was insufficient. A strong positive correlation was found between the frequency of exercise in the presence of a therapist and the fidelity of participant performance (r=0.812, p=0.001), whereas a weak negative correlation was found between the frequency of unperformed exercises and the fidelity of participant performance (r=-0.523, p=0.023). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggested that it is necessary to increase the number of times that exercises are performed with the therapist to motivate increased frequency of exercise participation and fidelity of participant performance. In addition, appropriate rewards and periodic management are required.

본 연구는 성인의 아침식사 빈도, 영양표시 인식 및 운동 실천이 고혈압과의 관련성을 분석하였다. 본 연구 는 2023년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 활용하여 30세 이상 성인을 대상으로 아침식사 빈도, 영양표시 인식, 운동 실천, 고혈압과의 관련성을 분석하였다. 아침식사 빈도는 영양표시 인지(r=.109)와 걷기 일수(r=.058)와 정적 상관, 고혈압(r=-.061)과는 부적 상관을 보였다(p<.01). 근력운동 실천율은 낮았으나, 아침식사 빈도가 높을수록 주 5일 이상 근력운동을 실천하는 비율이 증가하였다. 이는 규칙적인 아침식사가 단순한 식사 여부를 넘어 건강관리 행동 및 만성질환 위험과 밀접하게 연관됨을 의미한다. 특히 근력운동 실천이 긍정적 요인으로 작용할 수 있음을 보여준다. 성인의 건강증진과 만성질환 예방을 위해 아침식사 습관과 근력운동을 동시에 강화하는 공중보건 전략이 필요하다.

This study analyzed the association between breakfast frequency, nutrition label awareness, and exercise practice in adults and hypertension. Using data from the 2023 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, this study analyzed the association between breakfast frequency, nutrition label awareness, exercise practice, and hypertension in adults aged 30 years and older. Breakfast frequency was positively correlated with nutrition label awareness(r=.109) and walking days(r=.058), and negatively correlated with hypertension (r=-.061)(p<.01). While the prevalence of strength training was low, higher breakfast frequency was associated with an increased proportion of those engaging in strength training five or more days per week. This suggests that regular breakfast consumption was closely linked to health management behaviors and chronic disease risk beyond simply eating breakfast. In particular, it demonstrates that strength training practice can have a positive impact. Public health strategies that simultaneously strengthen breakfast habits and strength training are needed to promote adult health and prevent chronic diseases.