Earticle

오늘날 현대사회는 인구증가, 산업화, 도시화로 인해 다양한 환경문제가 발생하고 있으며, 마찬가지로 지구온난화와 같은 이상기후 변화, 자원고갈의 상태, 각종 환경오염에 노출되어 있다. 따라서 현대인은 빠르게 변화하는 이러한 환경에 대응할 수 있어야 하며, 환경적 책임, 지속가능성, 재생에너지에 대한 관심은 필요하고 시급하다. 이에 본 연구는 최근 이슈화된 환경문제에 대한 이론적 배경을 바탕으로 환경적 요인에 따른 건축과 패션 디자인의 사례분석을 통하여 유사성과 표현특성을 도출하고자 하였으며, 이것이 미래 예측이 어려운 환경적 요인에 따른 건축과 패션 디자인의 새로운 방향을 마련할 수 있는 자료로 활용이 되고 환경적 요인에 따른 디자인의 중요도에 대한 인식을 심어주는데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구 방법으로는 환경적 요인에 따라 건축된 건축물의 사례를 분석하기 위해 건축 잡지 ‘스페이스’를 선정하여 2008년부터 2010년까지 자료를 분석하였으며 환경적 요인에 따른 패션업계의 자료를 조사하기 위해서는 2000년 이후에 발행된 각종 문헌자료 및 선행연구, 신문기사, 웹 사이트 자료 등을 활용하였다. 연구 내용은 먼저 환경문제의 발생원인인 인구증가, 산업화, 도시화에 따른 지구환경문제의 현황에 대해서 알아보고 이러한 환경적 요인에 따른 다양한 분야의 디자인 사례를 분석한 뒤, 건축과 패션의 유사성을 도출하기 위해 과거에 나타난 건축과 패션의 유사성을 시대별로 고찰하였으며, 환경적 요인에 따른 건축과 패션의 사례를 통해 유사성에 대해 알아보고 이에 따른 표현 특성을 도출하였다.

There are currently various environmental problems in society due to an increased population, industrialization and urbanization, exposure to abnormal weather, depleted resources and environmental pollution. Therefore, there is a need to deal with the changing environment and pay more attention to environmental responsibility, sustainability and regenerative energy. The aim of this study is to obtain similarities and representational characteristics of architecture and fashion design through analysis of cases based on a theoretical background on environmental problems, and to present data for new directions of architecture and fashion according to unpredictable environmental factors. The study analyzed data published in Space, an architecture magazine, from 2008 to 2010 to study cases of architectural structures built according to different environmental factors. As there were only a few buildings built considering environmental factors in the early 2000s, the research period was confined from 2008 to 2010. In addition, to collect data on fashion according to environmental factors, the study used bibliographical data, previous studies, newspaper articles, and data from web sites published since 2000. The study identified the current condition of earth environmental problems caused by an increased population, industrialization and urbanization, and analyzed examples of designs in various areas according to different environmental factors. Similarities of architecture and design in each period were identified through analyses of architecture and fashion cases, and representational characteristics were obtained.

The use of steel braced frames as a retrofit method has been broadly used due to its effectiveness in terms of both light weight and short construction periods. However, the steel braced frame retrofit method is difficult to apply to the inner frames of buildings. Consequently, there have been demands for a braced frame retrofit method that can be broadly and easily applied to both inner and outer frames of buildings. In this study, a retrofit method of steel braced frames having Ductile Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites (DFRCCs) and steel bars at the mid-span of the steel brace member is proposed. Pre-fabricated upper and lower segments of the brace member are connected on-site with DPFRCCs, meaning that the proposed method is applicable to the inner frames of buildings as a seismic retrofit method with advantages of simple and rapid installation. The tension force is transmitted only through the steel bars and the compression force is transmitted by the prestressed bars to the DFRCCs of the joint which connect the three brace units. Results from cyclic tests of three specimens clearly showed that specimen with steel braces and suggested specimen using DFRCCs and steel bars ensure better strength and stable performance than pure RC frame. Improved construction efficiency can also be achieved with the proposed retrofit method.

Urban typed alternative schools operating with the educational mission ‘to expand knowledge through various local resources’, are small schools with custom educational programs. Analysis on 9 different places in Seoul has been made and was found that most urban typed alternative schools are being operated through either personal or NGO support. Thus their facilities and organizations are in poor status. With such background, most urban typed alternative schools were either on a leaser or using youth-support facilities and had small, multi-purpose, specialized rooms. In addition, public places were used do develop personal characteristics and sociality. These schools aren’t restricted to a specific semester layout, and hence, are linked to various local facilities to develop the students’ self-consciousness and sociality. In regards to the above mentioned details, discussions on how the public offices will be used, after the merge and abolition of the village offices, to support the alternative schools in financial difficulty, must be made. Furthermore, as well as considerations of idle school space and multiplexing local facilities, various educational programs must be developed along with how to link the alternative schools with local facilities.

Recently, for the first time in Korea, BIM based architectural design has been required on public buildings, and is expected to be applied on more public architectures, the interest on BIM has risen. Also, due to frequent fire break outs, the need of system in order to properly preserve and restore historical architectures in a timely manner has brought to the surface. In this circumstance, potential aspects and the issues of using BIM to preserve and record Korean historical architectures have been thoroughly studied. To implement BIM properly on historical properties, developing more functions, such as preserving, recording, and maintaining, are needed on BIM tools in addition to building databases of all the materials used in each architectures along with the use of high-tech equipments such as 3-D laser scanners. If historical architectures in Korea being archived by implementation of BIM, with its parametric modelling system, it would be possible not only to receive up-to-date quality information, but also estimate required quantities of materials and analyse the structural stability in case of repair demand. Lastly, thanks to the addition of 4d and 5d, estimation of repairing time and budget will be more practical and effective.

Recently, with the policy balance development in the country, Ministries of the government as managers related each of regional projects have prepared pan-governmental support system to achieve Making Livable Area Policy. This study is analysis result of investigation in 2007 authorized cases of MLCP(Making Livable City Project) which Ministry of Construction & Transportation have propelling from city and rural-urban area of town, myeon and dong, to rural area of small village size. Areas chosen for MLCP have the active participation of inhabitants, and to promote successfully project, need to support system and originality for area. Such projects will finally increase the life quality, and make life-spaces wanting to live in the area.

The importance of residents’ participation has become more prominent to promote better living condition and quality of life in rural communities due to the skeptical views on the outcomes of the rural community supporting projects led by organizations and institutions. This study analyzes White Dandelion Eco−Village in Hoebuk Myeon, Boeun Kun, Chungbuk where community development is being done by its residents. By examining the formation background and the history of the village, and various participation forms and methods of the residents, I am to derive the ideal rural community development project led by the villagers themselves. To achieve successful supporting projects for rural communities by many different organizations and methods, it is necessary to have followings; residents’ affectionate attentions for the community as well as good ideas and intentions, excellent leaders who gather all the efforts and transform them into good plans, well made strategies and continuous endeavor, and the diversion of thoughts of the supporting project experts and the organizations.

Ecomuseums come into close relationship with resident and community. Progress of heritage concept brings on the change of valuation standard in heritage, that life style of residents become most important element of cultural heritage. The change of display method has caused the generation of various experience programs in ecomuseum which are display and education based on participation of visitors and residents. Ecomuseums in Europe during progress have conceptual peculiarities by themes to keep the cultural identity and protect folk culture in regional community. 'Europe Ecomuseum Network' seriously affected by social change and development is new alternative to promote regional identity and cultural exchange among Europe countries. People participation with all residents is decisive factor to promote identity and attachment in native place, as well as collaboration with residents, experts, administrators and NGO is one factor for sustainable development and the realization of ecomuseum, activation of regional economy, and also is the root of efforts to protect and activate regional community.

From the mid-nineteenth century, Korean have emigrated to Tumen riverside. Their communities have different characters in accordance with the time, intention, and birthplace of emigrants who inclined to keep their fradifin and culture. There are many causes about the formation of communities influenced by Dynasty's Policy in 1885, one of the reasons is to approve Han Min Zhuan Ken Di Qu(legal land development right for Korean immigrants), and provide land development district for Korean immigrants in the north region of Tumen river from 1885. In Tumen riverside, 69 Ferry and wade viuaces have existed for more than 90 years By and large, 21 communities and distributed in He-Long city, 28 communities in Long-Jing city, and 10 communities in tu-men city, and 10 communities in Hun-Chun city.

according to local real condition and was opened formally in 2004 is main subject. Purpose of this study is to investigate building process and architectural planning from building process step to operation step in this project. For this we investigate Japanese Cases was bench-marked for building of Geumsan Daragwon which is using by multi-purpose present. Also, we survey administrative background, architectural concept and process, and process and operation by inhabitants' participation from building early until present.

‘Health’ trend like the latest fashion that spread to present society that elevate a lot of interests in qualitative elevation of life by rapid economic growth did to derive vocabulary called 'well-being' over all field. More and more comprehensive new type word 'LOHAS' appear to this. wish to present basic data that need in study of healthy eco dwelling through making comparative study of existing study, literature analysis, and application type and planning elements etc of healthy dwelling. This study is preceded in following steps and contents. First, make conceptional definition for similarity words regarding healthy eco dwelling through existing study and internet search data etc, and analysis comprehensive meaning of 'Health' and 'Healthy Dwelling'. Second, I have done arrangement examination synthetically about healthy eco dwelling, wellbeing house, and ubiquitous future dwelling by paradigm of spread healthy dwelling. Third, examine application type of healthy dwelling that appear present and arrange analyzing planning elements is applied in the types.

This study is to find out the plan intention of the central space through visual analysis on the east and west stone pagodas relative to a main Buddhist hall, and the relation between the stone pagodas in Hwaeomsa.(華嚴寺) According to the analysis of it in this study, we make conclusions as follows; 1) The east and west stone pagodas was arranged with overlapping each Daeungjeon(大雄殿) and Gakhwangjeon(覺皇殿) for the view of a specific viewpoint, on the right of Bojeru(普濟樓). 2) The centering around a compositive axis which connect Gakhwangjeon, stone lantern, and stairs, the axis of two stone pagodas is not coincident. 3) Courtyard in Hwaeomsa is separated by high a stone wall for reinforcement, but it is integrated into visual perception owing to height of two stone pagodas connected visual line to Daeungjeon and Gakhwangjeon.

It is not entirely new tendency now that museum have to become 'participation and working activity style' in 21st century. A lot of museums are changed fast to that visitors participate and work actively in museum program recently in Korea. Cheongju city is building various museums which have interesting themes contributed precious inheritances and collections belong to citizens. And Cheongju city is pushing ahead long-term target which is Ecomuseum City Cheongju with citizen is progressing for cultural city continuously. Also to become public museums and facilities which visitors want to come again, Cheongju city is trying to secure various experience space and facilities to keep in step in trend that visitors take part in and work actively in museum program. In an area, there are various cultural, historical, natural and industrial heritages that express relation of human and environment. In meaning that do function of antenna of sending culture which understanding, studying, informing these regional inheritances and promoting activity, in Ecomuseum, those are called "satellite" included not only regional preserved inheritances but also various theme museums which have mutual cooperative function. Satellite(or antenna) is very important element composing Ecomuseum. So I want to provide that is "Exhibition Working-Activity Satellite" that are places having experience space or facilities which visitors can work actively there like that. Such study for Ecomuseum and Exhibition Working-Activity Satellite can be promoted Ecomuseum City which is city for learning lifetime with citizens.

The dwelling transformations of Xiao-He-Long town have been begun with China Economy Policy in 1904. The characteristics of change progress are as follows ; 1. As with pine tree living for a thousand years and increasing profits nearby Yian-Ji-Shi, Xiao-He-Long town as rural district has changed in appearance. 2. In accordance with improvement of rural life after China Reformation and Open Economy policy, residents have a tendency to secure a minimal house site area 400~500m2, and a spacious house which is able to consist barns for farming. 3. Dwelling plan type lf Korean-Chinese consists of ‘whetongjib, 6 module of Korean traditional unit. 'Whetongjib' has undergone with a corridor attached in porch, main entrance from south to north. 4. Construction materials as structural members bring about a change as result of influencing economic profits nearby Yian-Ji--Shi

This study is result of interview and investigation into three rural communities progressing Rural activity, and points to be considered before promoting policy 1) Resident participation taking a lot of time, need to sustainable education and chance of personal experience, as well as stage of working plan and performance must be a serious consideration about resident opinions. 2) Until placing operation and management on the right track, experts and administrators will be help aspects of software and finance. 3) It is necessary to periodically train rural activity experts, and educate business persons. 4) Through checking a process, each community improve, supplement, will work out the next support system.

Around the rural village area the traditional markets which are center the small capital it was active at the strong-point and the possibility the fact that it is developed. With this the same small capital currently as the city and the area where the quality of the rural village coexists, has the regional quality which belongs in guard of the capital region or strong-point city. With relative estrangement from the support process against this result past falling behind farming village it does not illustrate the possibility of knowing the fact that the duplex point who is falling behind as guard territory of reverse appears. Selects the small capital of the each area from like this point of view and the possibility of knowing center role of traditional market the possibility which is various is the possibility of doing in the process which propels an activation. Currently it is planned from the multi local self-governing group and the result which investigates the traditional market activation contents which are in the process of propelling, it will be able to discover the multi branch problem points against a traditional market activation.

The function and role of museum has changed focused on the experience program and visiter's participation in this time. In Comparison with Korean museums, like this visiter's personal experience has special effects through experience programs of museum in Japan. So, I researched cases of Japan and the survey on experience museum programs should summarized three characteristics as followings implied cultural desire about museum directly or indirectly. 1. Experience programs base on the rural community, identity, and tradition. 2. Boso village museum and Tokusima experience museum harmonized with out-space and institutions, prepare various programs, exhibition, and selling of collections. 3. Through experience programs classifying into visiter's experience at first hand and expert's rehearsal according to difficulty of the job, it is sufficient about visiter's demands.

The rural area is activated and if it does to sleep, that versatility the reading is necessary from the side which is various it sees. Only expansion or improvement of namely base facility it will have and there is not a possibility becoming the basic activation countermeasure. With this with the instance investigation against the traditional market activation which is developed the Gamgok from same background has both the quality of the rural and the city in the center it joins in and the far it will be able to complement a problem point it presents. Also it presents the activation plan which considers the regional quality which from the research which it sees relates with a traditional market to sleep and it does.

Many administrative policies for regional activation have progressed the expansion and improvement of convenience institutions. Most appraisals about rural community influenced by urban life convenience are affirmative, but chasing urban life convenience is a cause of breaking out regional identity. Recently, new rising methods of theme and characteristic to imply regional identity, are ways of regional activation through neighboring network around satellite of rural community. In this study, I research and suggest applicable possible proposal of rural communities in Korea. by survey of neighboring network methods of Asan Live Museum in Japan applied ecomuseum concept for regional activation.

Museums have conducted the role of conserving, collecting, and displaying cultural property generally but main museum function transforms the role of social educational place accomplishing various instruction programs .recently through social perception's changing. Educational function of museum having experience program is more effect than before that. Museums need exhibition for preservation of property in regional community and history, as well as certainly require the concept to importing experience program. Through analysing experience program patterns and varieties in domestic museum. I will propose basic dater to supply preliminary and intermediate study.

Ecomuseum has changed for general museums with a strong historical connotation, and more identity museums, which reminds one of their purposes of providing evidence, conserving and remembering. Small museums play very important social role and have a level of importance which should do something to improve cultural policy. The "ecomuseum" phenomenon, in other words this spontaneous birth of numerous museums in local communities, this desire to retrace one's history and fix it in one's mind, has only one precedent in Italy. This precedent involved the opening of numerous museums dedicated to the "Risorgimento" and "Patriotic History", which, in the closing decades of the 19th century, were founded on political input all over the country, in big towns and little villages alike. Searching amidst the exhibits for the memory of a national identity and they are proof that local communities are filled with an unstoppable need to know about their roots and to reassess their own identities.