Earticle

The psychosocial stress and musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) have been one of major health problems for hospital workers. This study tried to understand the relationship between symptoms associated with MSDs and risk factors such as working posture, job stress, psychosocial stress and fatigue. A total number of 655 hospital workers participated in this study. Specifically, REBA was applied for evaluating working posture and a checklist prepared by KOSHA(Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency) was used for symptom survey. A questionnaire from KOSHA was also used for collecting data associated with job stress, psychosocial stress and fatigue. All these data were formulated and modeled by path analysis which was one of major statistical tools in this study. Specifically, path analysis for the data we collected came up with several major findings. The risk scores from working posture based on REBA had indirect effects via fatigue factor(MFS) as well as direct effects on symptoms. The factors associated with job stress(KOSS) and psychosocial stress(PWI-SF) had significant effects on symptoms. Specifically, indirect effect of job stress factors via fatigue factors(MFS) had bigger than that of direct effect of job stress on symptom.

Recently, there are many research of musculoskeletal disorders in manufacturing industry because of increasing interest of that disorders, but the research is still lacking in the small business and service industry. So we researched relationship between working characteristics and subjective symptoms associated with musculoskeletal disorders by get information of 145 hairdresser about working hour, work record, position and working pattern. The results of this research show that there are many musculoskeletal disorders of hairdressers' neck, shoulder, arm, knee and also a lot of relationship between working characteristics and subjective symptoms associated with musculoskeletal disorders. Besides, some parts of subjective symptoms have a effect on other parts of body. This study will contribute to using information and a precautionary measure about musculoskeletal disorders for hairdressers.

Somatotype is a very important factor for the comfortable and safe work environments. Many researches are trying to find the characteristics of somatotype according to age. Thus, the main objective of this study is to analyze somatotype of male residents in Seoul. The data used in this study included 267 men subjects who are living in Seoul. In order to analyze a detailed somatotype of citizens, age groups are divided into six groups. In order to compare and analyze data, Coefficient of Variance, Cronbach's Alpha, Rohrer Index and Drop Value were used in this study. The results of this study can be applied to the comfortable and safe work environments for workers.

Ten years have passed since the establishment of KOSHBA(Korea Small and medium enterprises Hybrid Business Association). KOSHBA is composed of over 400 regional groups; over 6,000 enterprises are participating in the association. To become a dynamic and vital association, it is necessary to share, learn, and discuss their managerial problems based on mutual trust and respect at the regular monthly meeting.

In this thesis, We analyzed success enterprise case which is well worked by knowledge and is gained effect results. We searched key factor for success knowledge management and found problem which is able to happen when is introduced by success enterprise in knowledge management. We applied to in franchise real field with key factor found above results and experimented others real fields.

It is expected that the change of industrial structure of Knowledge based economy, and service based economy would affect on economic life of physically-challenged person with no exceptions. There have been some former studies which have been misunderstood the employment of disabled due to the declining employment of the disabled and prejudice to the disabled based on biased perspective and public opinion. This study have analyzed the employment conditions of the ordinary workers and disabled workers out of those prejudices and biased opinions. Wage, economic activity ratio, age, educational background and industry those 5 parameters are brought for analyzing the two comparison group. Each parameter have compared based on the statistical data of ordinary workers and disabled workers for past 7 years. Weight between each parameter have been drawn by collecting the experts' opinion using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process), and utility of employment of two comparison groups have been estimated through progress inclination of each parameter. Through the estimated outcome, present condition and controversial issues and way of improvement of domestic employment of ordinary workers and the disabled is mentioned.

In manufacturing industry, cutting parameters have an influence on reducing the production cost and time and deciding the quality of a final product However, owing to governmental regulations and the change of owner's cognizance, the machining safety becomes important in those fields relatively. The paper presents an intelligent operation planning system considering machining safety for milling operations. The main issue of the system is to determine the cutting parameters in achieving a balanced consideration of productivity and worker's safety. The detailed algorithm and functions of the developed system is introduced and then discussed.

이 논문은 다양한 형태의 사회적기업에 대하여 세계 지역을 6개지역(서부유럽, 동부 유럽, 미국, 남아프리카, 남미, 동남아시아)으로 나누어 분석하기로 하였다. 이에 따라 이 논문은 각각의 지역에 특화된 요소들이 어떻게 사회적기업들이 다른 형태를 띄게 하는지와 관련하여 초점을 두고 있다. 예를 들어, 각각의 나라들의 사회적기업은 사회 적기업의 활용, 기업형태, 법제도, 그리고 지원환경체계 등에 영향을 받으며 다른 형태 들을 보이고 있는 것이다.

논문은 단기 및 장기간에 걸쳐 부동산시장의 동태적 자금흐름과 수익률 분석에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 본 논문에서는 부동산시장의 실증적 동태적 자금흐름과 수익률 분석은 VAR모형을 사용하였으며 다양한 금융 및 경제관련 변수들을 연구에 포함시키고 있다. 실증적 분석 결과에 따르면 우리나라에서도 기존의 미국 연구 사례에서와 같이 금융시장의 자금흐름을 통하여 부동산시장의 동태적 자금흐름을 예측할 수 없다는 점을 파악할 수 있다.

본 논문은 단기 및 장기간에 걸쳐 부동산시장의 동태적 자금흐름과 수익률 분석에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 본 논문에서는 부동산시장의 실증적 동태적 자금흐름과 수익률 분석은 VAR모형을 사용하였으며 다양한 금융 및 경제관련 변수들을 연구에 포함시키고 있다. 실증적 분석 결과에 따르면 우리나라에서도 기존의 미국 연구 사례에서와 같이 금융시장의 자금흐름을 통하여 부동산시장의 동태적 자금흐름을 예측할 수 없다는 점을 파악할 수 있다. 또한 Granger 인과성 검정 결과에 따르면 통화정책 및 증권시장 변수 모두 전국아파트 매매가격, 전국 단독주택 매매가격, 전국 전세아파트 매매가격 실질상승률 등의 부동산관련 변수에 통계적으로 유의한 영향이 크지 않음을 알 수 있다. 그러나 분산분해 결과에 따르면 전국아파트 및 전국전세아파트 매매가격 실질상승률에 대한 움직임에 코스피수익률의 영향력이 증대될 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

In this study, the mean time to failures of a system under shock models are derived. The system receives shocks according to a stochastic process. The expected system lifetime under homogeneous Poisson shock process, nonhomogeneous Poisson shock process, and a general renewal shock process are derived. Some numerical examples are presented.

오늘날 많은 기업이 고객에게 보다 좋은 서비스를 제공하기 위해 서비스 분야에 큰 관심을 두고 있다. 제품이나 서비스에 대한 다양한 경험을 고객의 관점에서 제시한 구 매자 효용지도는 구매자 관점의 경험 사이클과 6가지 효용성 수단으로 이루어져있다. 6가지 효용성 수단을 사용한 구매자 효용지도는 제품이나 서비스의 질에 대한 객관 적인 평가를 가능하게 하여 신제품 개발 또는 제품 보완에 도움을 준다. 본 연구는 이 평가를 더욱 정확하게 할 수 있도록 6가지 효용성 수단을 서비스 품 질 차원으로 변경하여 새로운 구매자 효용지도를 만듦으로써 고객들의 인지도를 향상 시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

1987년 최초의 ISO 9000 (품질경영시스템) 패밀리 규격이 발행된 이래, 기업의 경영 시스템(Management System)의 핵심이 되는 MS 규격으로서 QMS(ISO 9001), EMS(ISO 14001), ISMS (ISO/IEC 27001) 등이 발행 또는 개정되어 왔다. 또 QMS 섹터 규격인 항공 우주 (AS/EN 9100), 의료기기 (ISO 13485), 정보통신 (TL 9000), ITSMS(ISO 20000), FSMS (ISO 22000), SCSMS (ISO 28000) 등이나 새로운 MS 규격이 되는 GHG(ISO 14064), IPOCM(ISO/PAS 22399), SR(ISO/CD 26000) 등 ISO 또는 비ISO 의 MS 규격이 차례차례로 발행 또는 개발 중에 있어 경영시스템 인증은 더욱 더 광범위해지면서 다방면화, 섹터화의 경향을 나타내고 있다. 제품 및 서비스 무역의 글로벌화, 조달 및 투자의 비 지역화, 공공 서비스에 대한 규제 철폐, 소비자 및 환경보호에 대한 공적인 요구, 테러리즘 전염병 자연적인 재앙에 대한 국제적인 연대 책임에 대한 필요성, 새로운 기술과 혁신의 전개 등이 경영 시스템 인증에 대한 요구를 증대시키고 있으며, 그 전제로서 세계적 규모로 제도의 신뢰성을 확보하는 구조의 확립 및 활동 결과의 신뢰가 보증되는 체제가 구축되어 있어야 한다. 이러한 신뢰를 바탕으로 한 제3자 인증제도는 세계경제의 원활한 발전에 중요한 과제가 되고 있다.

As customer needs become diversified, there are many efforts to develop creative ideas on the products to satisfy the customer requirement. Also it is very important to classify the customer requirement to the product's quality. According to the previous study, the idea of the products by collecting opinions and brainstorming is mainly studied in new product development. To create the attractive quality for the product, Kano model has commonly been used. However, the brainstorming in the stage of create ideas has the problem of lower linkage between purpose and idea and lower quality of new idea. Therefore, the paper suggests a way to invent more creative ideas by comparing forced connection method to the brainstorming that is applied to the Kano model.

This paper introduces six single and sequential acceptance sampling plans based on OC( Operating Characteristic) curve. Revised KS standards for acceptance sampling by attribute and by variable such as KSA 3102 : 1996, 3103 : 2005, KSA ISO 14560 : 2006, 8422 : 2001, 8423 : 2001 are presented.

This paper introduces fourteen single, double, multiple and sequential acceptance sampling plans based on switching rule. Revised KS standards for acceptance sampling by attribute and by variable such as KSA ISO 2859-0, 1:2001 2859-2:2001, 8422:2001, 3951:2006, 8423:2001, MIL-STD-105E:1989, 414:1968 and ANSI/ASQ Z1.4, Z1.9:2003 are presented.

지속가능한 발전과 관련된 새로운 패러다임이 우리사회가 도달해야할 목표로 간주 되고 있다. 물류는 자원순환형 시스템의 실행역할을 하고 있으며, 지속가능발전을 위해서 환경친화적으로 구축되어야 한다. 최근 물류분야에서도 환경이 중요한 경쟁수단으로 등장하고 있어서 이에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 이에따라 본 연구는 물류활동 중에서 수송활동과 포장활동을 중심으로 어떻게 환경친화적으로 수행하고 있는 지를 기업의 사례를 통하여 살펴보고 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 198사를 대상으로 77개 항목에 대하여 조사하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 기업들이 추진해야할 환경친화적 물류활동의 추진방안을 제시하고자 한다.

Air logistics is getting growing continuously because customers need to increase rapidity and accuracy, but it isn't enough to study the process about air logistics in South Korea. We analyze the AS-IS process and problems by studying previous documents and researching in this field. We offer how to adopt the ways that are solutions concerning AS-IS process and benchmarking e-freight of IATA. Our suggestion reduces stakehoders' work load by using integrated system. We believe it will contribute to improve air logistics process by making simple the process.

The objectives of this study is to: (1) develop how applications for driving simulator of national highway safety designs when those are appeared; (2) examine the degree to which those geometric designs of the horizontal and vertical profile; and (3) search positive safety and passive highway safety design of the point at which highway alignment factors initiate driving safety to facility or highway design.

The aim of this study is to propose economical safety driving speed index which those are geometric road status; examine the levels of which those cost-benefit of driving fuel expenditure; are search road safety design and operational technology for driving simulators. For the objective, we analyzed the current status of driving fuel expenditure and driving scenarios by the road alignments, and reviewed driving and technical specifications by the geometric types of road according to the implementation, and extended completion. Throughout the result of this study, diverse related driving information provision service, efficiently driving system is expected to be implemented in the national highway design system.

The wave of 4PL added to strategic consulting based on new IT techniques, for example RFID, with logistics outsourcing through existing 3PL service is a great issue. It is also worthy of notice that EPCglobal network strengthen the role of 4PL. In conclusion, the 4PL system based on EPCglobal network will result in a good success, so it will raise a prestige of air cargo in Korea to a higher position. This study deals with the new logistics system, air cargo logistics system based on u-4PL system, RFID and EPCglobal network, that will bring many advantages.

세계 각국은 새로운 유비쿼터스 환경변화에 맞추어 전략적 차원에서 u-IT에 대한 연구와 다양한 프로젝트를 추진 중이다. 그 중 지역수준에서 u-정보화의 편익을 체감 할 수 있고, 지역산업 발전에도 기여할 수 있는 u-City 서비스 모델들을 발굴하여 집 중적으로 추진함으로써 지역 구성원들간 삶의 질을 제고하고 관련 산업의 성장을 도 모하고 있다. 그러나 유비쿼터스 환경의 중심 기술 중 하나인 RFID 기술은 다양한 기술적용환경과 표준화되지 않은 일부 기술들로 인하여, u-City 사업의 기대효과를 부 각시키지 못함은 물론 실제 지속적인 서비스모델로 적용하기도 쉽지 않은 상황이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존의 문제점을 보완하여 새로운 u-City 서비스 모델로써 u-Zone 서비스 구축시에 필요한 듀얼밴드를 적용한 RFID 시스템의 소프트웨어 모듈과 OID개념을 도입한 데이터 프로토콜 표준적용에 관한 연구 방안을 모색하고자 한다.

Nowadays worldwide leading companies try to establish more efficient and comprehensive management system for getting high quality, reliability and safety. In this paper, we investigate standards for quality management, dependability management and risk management. We also suggest an integrated and comprehensive system of quality(ISO/TS16949), dependability (IEC60300)and risk(JIS Q2001).

It is an important and urgent issue to improve process capability in quality control. Process capability refers to the uniformity of the process. The variability in the process is a measure of the uniformity of output. A simple, quantitative way to express process capability, the degree of variability from target in specification is defined by process capability index(PCI). Almost process capability indices are defined under normal distribution. However, these indices can not be applied to the process of non-normal distribution including reliability. We investigate current research on the process of non-normal distribution, and advanced method and technology for developing more reliable and efficient PCI. Finally we suggest the perspective for future study.

It is hot issue to get the competitiveness of product through reliability-growth as well as availability and safety in almost high-technology industry including military, chemistry, nuclear, telecommunication, transportation service and so on. In advanced countries, worldwide leading companies have tried to improve and develop high-reliability product as well as reliability management system(IEC60300). We investigate reliability certification systems for product and management system. Additionally, we study the feasibility on the adoption of dependability management system(IEC60300) by empirical survey on companies with product-reliability certification(R-mark) in Korea.

In this study, with the objects of 173 institutions of university and research institutions, investigation was carried out through visit investigation and questionnaire investigation. Frequency and strength of occurrences was acquired mainly through universities and research institutions which have reported occurrences of accidents to the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology. Quantitative danger evaluation was conducted through frequency and strength of occurrences. Case study was carried out by selecting bio science laboratory of university and as the result of this study, degree of danger among the inspection objects of bio science laboratories, laboratory work place was evaluated as the most dangerous with the scores of 155.00 and as the result of average danger level, compression gas cylinder was evaluated as the most dangerous with the scores of 6.4000.

Recently, product-reliability and process-reliability in product development processes has been regarded as an important issue in many manufacturers. TRIZ which is theory for inventive solving is required to obtain reliability of each process. To solve the technological problems, TRIZ provides problems can be occurred in product development processes as a contradiction matrix based on 40 creative invention principles with alternatives for physical and technological contradiction. This paper suggests the method for inventive solving to ensure the reliability assurance of product development processes based on TRIZ.