Earticle

Background/Objectives: Pulsed radiofrequency(RF) method has been introduced as a way to provide longer-term pain relief in peripheral nerve areas especially in the management of chronic pain. It is a new treatment method that complements the problems of conventional RF treatment. Methods/Statistical analysis: We describe the clinical use of pulsed RF in a patient with degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee and review of the literature related to the use of clinical practice. Findings: It showed updated information regarding the science of pulsed RF by highlighting basic science, animal study, and clinical data and to explore further the validity of the concept behind the application. Improvements/Applications: Pulsed RF may promise as an analgesic modality to treat a variety of conditions.

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the trends and factors of physical educational elements, Korean career·occupational curriculum and physical education, and analyze the physical education curriculums of special schools from the perspective of vertical·horizontal transition education. Methods/Statistical analysis: As for the research methodology, this study collected data by conducting a comprehensive search methodology by connecting keywords by title and theme for transition education and special school physical education curriculum research projects and literatures. For the basic education curriculum programs currently used in special schools and basic national physical education curriculums, connectivity analysis was conducted based on an analytical model founded on a perspective of vertical·horizontal transition education as proposed by Patton and Dunn. Findings: The results of analysis conducted for the basic education curriculum programs currently used in special schools and basic national physical education curriculums through such a procedure showed that in terms of the characteristic of basic education curriculum programs in special schools, vertical·horizontal transition education perspective were shown in the connectivity of fundamental conversion, by domain, by grade, and until after primary school years. As for goals, in overall goals (aims), possibilities for continued participation through systematic structuralization of physical activities; in sub-level goals, emphasize and connect all stages of physical activities to include vertical conversion perspectives. Yet such did not display contents pertaining to horizontal perspectives of transition education. As for contents, by dividing contents of physical education curriculum in stages, elements of a vertical·horizontal transition education perspective were shown to be included in terms of connectivity by level, grade, and domain which would allow a devotion to contents of physical education curriculum post primary school years as forms of leisure were shown to be included

Background/Objectives: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease caused by the development of antibodies against the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Methods/Statistical analysis: MG causes weakness and fatigue of the respiratory muscles, so that there is hypersensitivity against non-depolarizing muscle relaxants. In general acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are administered to reverse the muscle blockade, but the use of neuromuscular blocking agents in myasthenic patients is usually delayed due to the drugs that already inhibit cholinesterase, resulting in a delay in spontaneous respiration. Sugammadex eliminates the effects of steroid non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, such as rocuronium and vecuronium, by selectively encapsulating their molecules. Case: We present a case of reversal of neuromuscular blocking agent and return to spontaneous respiration with sugammadex in a myasthenic patient. Findings: We also evaluated the degree of spontaneous respiration by comparing pulmonary function tests before and after surgery in a MG patient. Improvements/Applications: Sugammadex is a good option of fast reversal of neuromuscular blocking agent and return to spontaneous respiration in a myasthenic patient.

Background/Objectives: This study was conducted on the application of natural cosmetics using Stachys sieboldii Miq. Roots and their Antioxidant, anti-aging and whitening. Methods/Statistical analysis: The DPPH radical scavenging activity of Stachys sieboldii Miq. root extract was increased in a concentration-dependent manner in an antioxidant activity test. Its ABTs radical scavenging activity was 94.32±0.12% at a concentration of 1000 μg/mL, and its collagenase inhibitory activity was 39.4±2.52% at the same level of concentration in an anti-aging activity test. Findings: These findings suggest that Stachys sieboldii Miq. roots have potential antioxidant, whitening and anti-aging effects. Improvements/Applications: It is deemed that Stachys sieboldii Miq. root extract can be effectively used in the development of new functional cosmetic ingredients.

Background/Objectives: The objective of the research was to develop User Created Content (UCC) videos to enhance basic nursing skills for Chinese smartphone users studying in Korea. Methods/Statistical analysis: Working together with Korean students and professors, Chinese international students produced two UCC videos for the inculcation of postoperative nursing skills and instruction in intravenous fluid injections. The videos contained both Korean and Chinese captions. Findings: The process of producing UCC videos by Chinese students was found effective: They participated in the selection of the topics and in the production of the videos. The effectiveness was determined through individual and group interviews. Greater instructional value was also due to the fact that Chinese international students acquired a greater sense of community in working with Korean students and professors in making the videos. Chinese students who participated in the production of the UCC videos could conveniently and effectively learn from their all-too-familiar smartphones. Improvements/Applications: Production of UCC videos by Chinese international students with Korean students and professors enhances learning basic nursing skills and helps to overcome linguistic and cultural differences. This outcome can present a way to enhance the quality of education and social well-being of international students in Korea.