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Background/Objectives: This study was designed to compare the Varimax analysis of Principal Component Analysis(PCA) with the Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA) method using Maximum Likelihood Estimation(MLE) and oblique rotation(Direct Oblimin) for the multicultural experience of university students. multicultural experience variables of college students were analyzed as two factors through Maximum Likelihood Estimation(MLE). Methods/Statistical analysis Q1, Q2, Q3 are multicultural direct experiences, and Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7 are multicultural indirect experiences. Findings: As a result of this study, it is suggested to use Maximum Likelihood Estimation(MLE) and oblique rotation(Direct Oblimin). As a prerequisite for applying the Maximum Likelihood Estimation(MLE), it is thought that Improvements/Applications it is necessary to increase the accuracy of the response rate by using the face-toface interview method when conducting a survey.

Background/Objectives: This is a qualitative study that analyzed the contents of self-management education experiences of diabetic patients registered in the hypertension diabetes registration management project through in-depth interviews. Methods/Statistical analysis: Data collection was conducted for 6 diabetic patients enrolled at the Blood Pressure Diabetes Registration and Education Center in 2019. The data analysis of this study was analyzed using content analysis based on the recorded data of the in-depth interview and the transcribed data. Findings: As a result of the content analysis, the topic appeared as a motivation for participating in selfmanagement education, participation experience, and demand for future education. Improvements/Applications: it is necessary to develop and verify a community-based self-management education program for diabetes patients by reflecting the participation experience and educational needs shown in the results of this study.

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate how much the health status and health promotion behavior affect the life satisfaction and depression of the low economic elderly. Methods/Statistical analysis: Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation test, and multiple regression analysis were performed to analyze the data using SPSS 20.0. Findings: Pearson's correlation coefficient showed negative correlation between health promotion behavior, health status, Regular Diet and depression. The health promotion behavior and life satisfaction had a positive correlation. Depression and life satisfaction had a strong negative correlation. increase The experience of alcoholic drinking influenced to depression level and the light physical activity to decrease. Of health status, better subjective health status and of social demographic features, the low monthly income influenced to increase depression. The experience of smoking influenced to increase life satisfaction, and the light physical activity such as walking too. Of social demographic features, the better monthly income influenced to increase life satisfaction. Improvements/Applications: These results will be used as materials for the improvement of the life satisfaction and depression of the elderly.

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to promote the use of nutrition labeling along with the need for more systematic education on easier nutrition labeling so that the public can easily access it. Nutrition labeling recognition was a method that helps people of all ages to choose healthier foods to improve their nutritional intake, so we intend to analyze them based on KNHANES VII-1 data. Methods/Statistical analysis: The data were analyzed the data using IBM SPSS 21.0 program. Frequency analysis and chi-square test method was conducted. The significance level was set at p <.01. Findings: As a result of whether or not nutrition labeling is recognized, the number of women who answered 'yes' was high at 70.0% (2,759 people) higher than average (68.4%). Looking at the general matters of the survey subjects, '30-39' was 92.3%, '40-49' 91.5%, and '50-59' 81.0% in that order. Regarding nutrition label recognition, 30-39 showed a very high recognition rate. On the other hand, the recognition rate of nutrition labeling was 19.9% for those over 80 years old. It was thought that education on nutrition labeling recognition will be necessary from the age of 60 or older. Regardless of the level of learning, it was found that the nutrition labeling recognition was high. By income level, 'low' 42.3%, ' Low & middle' 61.5%, ' Middle ' 69.9%, 'Middle & high ' 73.8%, and 'High' 82.6%, indicating that the higher the income, the higher the nutrition labeling recognition. Improvements/Applications: The younger and the higher the educational level, the more fully they knew about nutrition labeling. Based on this study, a more systematic nutrition awareness education was needed, and the use of nutrition labeling was to be activated.

Background: Confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients sometimes require emergency surgery, but protecting healthcare workers and other patients from infection is a high priority. This report describes two cases where surgeries were performed in a hospital without a negative-pressure operating room. Case: Two patients diagnosed with COVID-19 required emergency surgery in a negative-pressure isolation room. Two operating rooms were designated an operating room and an anteroom, and the central air conditioning system was turned off. The disinfection exhaust fan of the operating room was used to create a negative-pressure environment (–1.0 Pa). Conclusions: Performing surgery on COVID-19 patients remains challenging in hospitals not specialized for infection. It is necessary to share experiences between hospitals, and changing the pressure inside the operating room from positive to negative pressure with a simple maneuver is a good option for protection.

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review the molecular diagnosis of coronavirus disease as COVID-19 was a worldwide pandemic from 2019. In addition, by providing accurate information on the molecular diagnostic tools currently in use, it was intended to be helpful in determining the timing of treatment and in public health policies. Methods/Statistical analysis: In this study, to examine the use of diagnostic tools related to COVID-19, “Omicron”, “Diagnosis”, “RT-PCR”, “COVID-19”, and “Analysis” were searched as keywords through Google and the literature on the latest diagnostic techniques was used. Findings: Recently, it was announced that the fatality rate of Omicron, which has a high epidemic rate and high infection rate, was 1/4 of that of Delta. SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant RT-PCR laboratory developed assay was said to be sensitive and specific for detecting Omicrons in nasopharyngeal and nasal swabs. The closed tube Penn-RAMP can be used with minimal equipment and training. Improvements/Applications: The purpose of this study was to investigate the types and characteristics of accurate molecular diagnostic tests. These molecular diagnostic tests are considered to be important for prompt and accurate diagnosis, distinguishing infected persons, and coping with appropriate isolation and treatment. In addition, this study was intended to help the general public understand molecular diagnostic testing methods.

Background/Objectives: Although many studies have reported that physical activity (PA) and exercise have significant positive effects on various health aspects, very few have classified persons by their disability types and investigated PA participation patterns, along with obstacle factors. This study aimed to analyze and compare exercise participation patterns and obstacle factors by classifying a large sample of Koreans with various disability types. Methods/Statistical analysis: Data on regular exercise participation patterns and barriers to participation were collected in 2014 and 2017 from 11,815 persons with disabilities (ages 0–99 years) residing in South Korea. A chi-square test was used to examine differences in the subjects’ evaluation of health status, weekly exercise frequency, preferred place, and reasons for non-participation. A repeated measures ANOVA was performed for comparing exercise time per session, and post-hoc analysis was used to confirm differences based on disability types. Findings: The analysis showed significantly different response rates based on the disability type for subjective health status, regular exercise participation, reasons for non-participation, weekly exercise frequency, and preferred exercise place (p<.001). Conversely, for exercise time per session, the difference between disability types was not statistically significant (p>.05). Improvements/Applications: In conclusion, regardless of the disability types, the regular exercise participation rate of people with disabilities was significantly lower than that of healthy adults in South Korea. Additionally, this is a basic study confirming that exercise participation patterns and obstacles differ depending on the type of disability. Accordingly, future public health policies should closely identify the characteristics of each type of disability to help promote PA for all.

Background/Objectives: Telehealth through videoconferencing has the potential to improve the lives of the elderly. Unfortunately, little is known on its health benefits in the physical and quality of life dimensions among seniors. The aim of this paper is to compare videoconferencing as a mode of telehealth with traditional healthcare delivery in the contexts of functional independence and Quality of Life (QoL) measures using a non-equivalent control group before-after quasi experimental design. Methods/Statistical analysis: One-hundred forty seniors from a rural area were purposively selected and distributed to the telehealth (n=82) and traditional (n=58) groups. SF-8 and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) were used to gather the needed data from the participants before and after exposure to the interventions. Findings: Results of t-tests indicate significant improvement in QoL of the two groups of subjects on both telehealth and traditional groups, while FIM measures exhibited no significant change among the telehealth group. Improvements/Applications: On the whole, study findings promote a more personal delivery of healthcare among the elderly, and challenges the health practitioners and policy makers to recognize the pragmatic worth of and improve telehealth as a complementary healthcare tool for traditional consultation in enhancing QoL among seniors. Impliedly, more researches with extended number of subjects and locale is needed to come up with a more generalizable result.

Background/Objectives: This study aims to apply a structured nursing process education program and test the effectiveness of nursing college students in order to effectively conduct case studies in their first clinical practice. Methods/Statistical analysis: This study is a methodological study to develop a structured nursing process education program suitable for the competency of first time nursing clinical practice college students for the first time through literature review and a group of experts. Findings: The results of case studies of clinical practice students by applying the structured nursing process education program are as follows. In the first clinical practice, anxiety about the patient case study nursing process was reduced. It strengthened the learning ability of clinical practice students. The application of the structured nursing process education program increased satisfaction with teaching methods. Through structured nursing process education, quantitative studies are conducted to determine whether the academic competency of clinical practice students has increased. Improvements/Applications: It is suggested that the structured nursing process program be modified to be used in various nursing area.