Earticle

This study was conducted for the purpose of investigating the shape of hair and the aesthetic level of ancient Korea by examining the shape of hair on the tomb murals in Deokheung-ri, Goguryeo, and the conclusion is as follows. First, if you look at the gender ratio of the characters in the tomb murals of Deokheung-ri, there are more men than women. Second, the male headdress types and formulas expressed in the tomb murals in Deokheung-ri were investigated by ragwan, chaek, geon, tugu, ssangsangtu meori, mukeun jeongbal meori, etc. Third, the hair shapes and formulas of women expressed in the tomb murals of Deokheung-ri were investigated by jangsikgogye, eonjeun meori, ssangsangtangtu meori, and samsangtu meori. Men's headdress types are classified by class, and it seems that men have more clear social classification than women. However, in the case of women, the formula was not developed as in the case of men, but it was possible to confirm jangsikgogy with various details from eonjeun meor, a simple higher level. It seems that the level of beauty is high and developed.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the significance of activating LMS (Learning Management System)-based online classes as a strategy for strengthening educational competitiveness and survival of local universities. Recently, the higher education environment is experiencing rapid changes due to a decrease in the school-age population, university structural reform policies, and accelerated digital transformation after COVID-19, thereby further emphasizing the importance of LMS-based education. This study conducted literature analysis focusing on domestic and international prior research and policy data. As a result of the analysis, LMS is functioning as a core educational platform that integrally supports learning content provision, learner management, evaluation, and interaction beyond simple learning management tools, and has been shown to be an important factor in improving learning satisfaction and learning effectiveness. In addition, it was confirmed that LMS quality, learning commitment, and educational presence have a significant effect on learning outcomes, and require important changes in instructors' instructional design and teaching support strategies. In addition, the development of LMS log data analysis and learning analysis technology has enabled academic achievement prediction and customized learning support, showing its potential for expansion as an educational innovation tool. However, lack of interaction, differences in instructional design capabilities, and technical support problems were still pointed out as major limitations. Taken together, these results suggest that LMS-based online classes can be used as a key strategic means to overcome the structural crisis facing local universities and secure educational competitiveness. Therefore, this study is meaningful in systematically analyzing the effects of LMS-based online education and extending it to the survival strategy of local universities to suggest the sustainable development direction of higher education.

The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the effects of job stress perceived by professional soldiers on problematic scalp symptoms and to analyze the structural relationship in which these physical symptoms lead to the intention to use head spa therapy. An online survey was conducted from March 24 to April 20, 2026, targeting 230 current and former career military personnel. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 and PROCESS macro 4.2 for frequency, difference, correlation, regression, and mediation analyses. The results are as follows. First, groups wearing protective gear, such as bulletproof helmets, for more than one hour a day and over three times a week showed significantly higher levels of scalp symptoms and job stress. Second, job stress had a statistically significant positive effect on problematic scalp symptoms. Third, both job stress and problematic scalp symptoms had a significant positive effect on the intention to use head spa therapy. Fourth, problematic scalp symptoms significantly mediated the relationship between job stress and the intention to use head spa therapy. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the causal structure wherein the psychological stress originating from the unique and highly controlled military environment manifests as physical scalp problems, which in turn increases the demand for integrated healing services. These findings provide practical implications for the beauty industry to develop customized ‘fast healing’ programs and expert-linked home-care coaching to improve the welfare and scalp health of career military personnel.

This study verified the mediating role of autonomic nervous system (ANS) imbalance in the relationship between stress and scalp/hair loss symptoms, and its link to head spa use perception, among 87 adults, via SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS macro Model 4. Stress increased ANS imbalance (β=.666), which in turn increased scalp/hair loss symptoms (β=.271), and the indirect effect was significant. Scalp/hair loss symptoms predicted head spa use perception (β=.267), suggesting head spa services help manage stress-related scalp problems.

This study analyzed artificial intelligence (AI) applications in major Korean K-beauty companies, classified their functional types and application characteristics, and proposed strategic directions for industrial use. A qualitative multiple-case study was conducted on six companies—Amorepacific, LG Household & Health Care, APR, COSMAX, Kolmar Korea, and LULULAB. Sources published from January 2020 to May 27, 2026 were reviewed, and supplementary verification was conducted on August 24, 2026. Academic literature, government and public-sector reports, corporate technical materials, and independent media/industry sources were triangulated. Cases were coded using five predefined functional criteria and then examined through within-case, cross-case, SWOT, and TOWS analyses. Five AI types were identified: diagnosis/analysis, recommendation/personalization, generation/simulation, prediction/discovery, and process optimization/automation. The cross-case analysis showed that brand companies focused on consumer experience and R&D, ODM companies on discovery and manufacturing efficiency, and beauty-tech/device companies on data-linked personalized services. The TOWS analysis suggested four strategic directions: expansion of hyper-personalized offerings in global markets, differentiation through evidence-based customer experience, shared AI/data infrastructure and workforce development, and stronger data governance, ethics, quality, and standardization. The findings indicate that AI in K-beauty is evolving from a consumer-facing tool into a strategic resource connecting R&D, manufacturing, and personalized services.