Earticle

본 연구는 구조방정식 모형 분석을 통해 교사공동체와 교사몰입의 관계를 교사효능감이 어 떻게 매개하고 있는지, 개인 수준과 집단 수준의 교사효능감이 매개효과에 차이를 보이는 지 를 분석하고자 수행되었다. 주요한 연구 결과를 제시하면 첫째, 교사공동체로 조직화된 학교 에서 나타나는 가치·규범의 공유와 협동적 풍토는 교사몰입에 유의한 영향력을 가지고 있었 다. 교사들은 공동의 목표를 확인하고 서로에게 유용한 정보와 기술을 교환함으로써 조직에 대한 애착을 높이고 교직에 헌신하는 것으로 보인다. 둘째, 교사효능감은 개인 수준과 집단 수준 모두에서 교사공동체와 교사몰입의 관계를 유의하게 매개하고 있었다. 이러한 사실은 개인 수준과 집단 수준의 교사효능감을 강화함으로써 교사공동체의 교사몰입에 대한 효과를 극대화할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다. 셋째, 집단 수준의 교사효능감이 개인 수준의 교사효능감 보다 더 큰 매개효과를 나타냄으로써 교사공동체에 대한 인식이 개인적 교사효능감보다는 집 단적 교사효능감의 판단에 강력한 자원으로 작용한다는 것을 알 수 있었으며 교사공동체가 단순한 개인의 합 이상의 시너지 효과를 낼 수 있는 조직 속성을 가지고 있다는 것을 파악할 수 있었다.

The purpose of this study is to examine the structural relationship among teacher community, teacher commitment and teacher efficacy. In this study, teacher efficacy is set up as mediate variables and input separately by levels(individual and group). The teacher data was from Korea Education Longitudinal Study 2005(KELS 2005). Findings of the study are as follows. Firstly, teacher community have influence on teacher commitment. In the teacher community, teachers share value of school and cooperate each other. Teachers are immersion in their work by this collaboration and sharing. Secondly, both self-teacher efficacy and collective teacher efficacy are mediator of relationship of teacher community and teacher commitment. The more teacher efficacy(self and collective), the more influence of teacher community on teacher commitment. Thirdly, collective teacher efficacy's mediate effect is larger than self-teacher efficacy's. This fact explains that teacher community is powerful resource of collective teacher efficacy and collective teacher efficacy has synergy effect surpass a simple synthesis of individual's ability. So I propose that teachers should have group enablement to reinforce collective teacher efficacy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate if pain mediates or moderates the relationship between cognitive impairment and aggressive behaviors in nursing home residents with dementia based on the Need-driven Dementia-compromised Behavior model. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the Minimum Data Set assessment data on long-term care from the state of Florida during calendar year 2009. The data used in this study was the first comprehensive assessment data from residents with dementia (N ¼ 56,577) in Medicare-certified or Medicaidcertified nursing homes. Path analysis using a series of hierarchical regression analyses and two-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the mediating and moderating effect of pain on the relationship between the level of cognitive impairment and aggression. Results: Results indicated that pain did not mediate the relationship between cognition and aggressive behaviors, but there was evidence of a significant moderating effect of pain only for residents with severe cognitive impairment. Only among the residents with severe cognitive impairment, those with pain had significantly more frequent aggressive behaviors than those without pain. Conclusion: A change in the frequency of aggressive behaviors in severely cognitively impaired residents should signal the possibility that the person is experiencing pain. Accurate but simple pain assessment in this population including these behavioral changes should be developed further, and pain should be well controlled to reduce these problematic behaviors.

The effect of recasts and prompts on L2 accuracy has already been explored intimately in classroom settings. This study, however, investigates the moderating effect of declarative knowledge on recasts and prompts. To this purpose, 48 Iranian learners of English were assigned to four conditions: +declarative knowledge (DK) recasts, -DK recasts, +DK prompts, and -DK prompts. This assignment was made based on the performance of participants on an untimed grammaticality judgment and a metalinguistic knowledge test which were focused on simple present yes/no and wh- question forms. Learners who appeared to be familiar with the forms in focus were assigned to +recasts and +prompts while those who were unfamiliar with the forms were assigned to -recasts and -prompts groups. A story-completion task and a spot-the-difference task were performed by the participating groups to serve as the pre- and post-test of the study. During communicative interaction, the 4 groups involved received corrective feedback (CF) in accordance with the conditions they had already been assigned to. Results revealed that +DK recasts and +DK prompts groups benefited from feedback sessions more than -DK recasts and -DK prompts groups did and the presence of declarative knowledge made recasts more effective than prompts. Also the recasts group outperformed the prompts group in the absence of declarative knowledge.

본 연구의 목적은 안정된 개인의 특성인 성격 다양성이 삶의 만족과 직무 수행에 미치는 영향을 확인하는 것이다. 이를 위해 성격 다양성이라는 새로운 구성 개념을 제안하고, 성격 다양성이 삶의 만족 및 직무 수행에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 성취 목표 지향성의 매개 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 성격 다양성은 삶의 만족과 부적 상관관계가 있고, 성격의 수준을 통제하고도 유의한 증분 설명력이 있었다. 반면 성격 다양성은 과업 수행, 맥락 수행, 적응 수행과 정적 상관관계가 있고, 특히 과업 수행은 성격의 수준을 통제하고도 증분 설명력이 유의하였다. 성취 목표 지향성의 하위 요인인 숙달 접근 목표 지향성은 과업 수행에 부분 매개 효과가, 맥락 수행과 적응 수행에 완전 매개 효과가 있었다. 이 결과는 성격 다양성이 성격의 수준과 구분이 되며, 성격 변산성의 자기 파편화 가설과 달리, 오히려 직무 수행에 적응적임을 시사한다. 끝으로 성격 다양성의 재검사 신뢰도의 검토 필요성과 추후 연구에 대해 제언하였다.

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of personality diversity on well-being in life and job performance. Personality diversity is a hypothetical construct for this study based on self-concept differentiation across roles, considering both the variability between roles and the variability within a role in personality. Personality diversity is the variety of subject-specific personality, which refers to a variety of distinctive personality that are expressed according to the role. To this end, it is examined how personality diversity relates to life satisfaction and job performance. After that, the process is explained through a mediated model by achievement goals. As a result, personality diversity showed negative relationship with life satisfaction. This result reconfirmed the previous studies. However, personality diversity had positive correlations with task performance, context performance, and adaptational performance. And even after controlling the level of personality, personality diversity showed significant incremental validity for task performance. In addition, the mastery approach goal orientation showed partial mediation effect between the personality diversity and task performance and full mediation effect between the personality diversity and the other criterion variables, contextual and adaptational performance. These results suggest that personality diversity is distinguished from the level of personality and can have adaptive effect on job performance rather than supporting the self-fragmentation hypothesis of prior researches. Finally, the need of reliability test for personality diversity and further research was suggested.

이 연구는 자녀가 성장과정에서 가정폭력을 목격하는 것이 성장후 데이트 성폭력에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 성역할태도가 매개역할을 한다는 점을 밝히고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 서울시내 남자 대학생 193명, 여자 대학생 190명을 대상으로 가정폭력 목격, 데이트 성폭력 가해 및 피해경험, 가부장적 성역할태도를 측정하였다. 모형의 검증을 위하여 구조방정식(SEM)을 통해 적합도를 검증하고 유의한 경로를 확인하였다. 그 결과, 남자의 데이트 성폭력 가해경험 관련하여, 가정폭력 목격이 데이트 성폭력 가해경험에 직접적인 영향을 미치기도 하지만, 성역할태도를 매개로 가해경험을 유발하기도 하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 여자의 데이트 성폭력 피해경험 관련하여, 가정폭력 목격이 데이트 성폭력 피해경험에 직접적인 영향을 미치기도 하지만, 가부장적 성역할태도를 매개로 피해경험을 유발하기도 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 성장과정에서 가정폭력을 목격하는 것이 자녀의 성역할태도에 영향을 미쳐서 친밀한 관계에서의 성폭력 문제를 유발한다는 것을 보여준다.

This study aims to investigate the mediating role of patriarchal attitudes on the relationship between family violence witness and dating sexual violence among Korean college students. The participants were 383 college student (193 males and 190 females) who had the experience of dating relationship. The psychological tests used in this research included the following: Witness of Family Violence, Patriarchal Attitudes, Dating Sexual Violence Experiences. In order to verify the models, goodness of fit and significant paths were verified through structural equation model(SEM). According to the results, family violence witness, itself, had influence on male students' dating sexual assault, and patriarchal attitudes caused by family violence witness had influence on dating sexual assault. Also, family violence witness had influence on female students' dating sexual violence, and patriarchal attitudes caused by family violence witness had influence on dating sexual violence.

본 연구는 종교가 삶의 의미에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 종교적 대처의 매개경로를 구조방정식 모형을 통해 확인하였다. J지역 대학에 다니고 있는 대학생 중 자신의 종교가 기독교라고 응답한 358명의 자료가 분석되었다. 측정도구로는 종교 성향 척도, 종교적 대처 척도 및 삶의 의미척도를 사용하였다. 이론적 잠재변수를 대표하는 측정치로는 내재적 종교 성향에는 종교의 내면화와 삶의 방향설정, 긍정적 종교적 대처에는 하나님 및 타인과의 친밀감 추구, 호의적/협조적 대처, 종교적 지시/회심/초점/영적 연결, 종교적 정화/용서, 적극적인 종교적 의탁, 삶의 의미에 관련된 측정치는 삶의 목적과 실존적 공허가 각기 선정되었다. 선행 연구들을 바탕으로 가설적 모형을 제시하고 구조방정식 모형을 통해 타당성을 통계적으로 검증하였다. 연구 결과, 긍정적 종교적 대처가 내재 성향과 삶의 의미 사이를 부분 매개할 것이라는 가설적 모형이 적절하고 타당한 모형으로 검증되었다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점과 시사점이 논의되었다.

The purpose of this study was to confirm the influence of religion on meaning of life and mediation path religious coping was identify using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM). The participants are 358 christian college students. Measures was Religious Orientation scale,Religious Coping scale and Purpose of life scale. For the theoretical latent variables, living of religious and direction for living were included for intrinsic religious orientation, seeking intimacy with others and closeness to God, benevolent/collaborative religious coping, seeking religious direction/ conversion/focus/spiritual connection, religious purification/forgiving, active religious surrender for positive religious coping, purpose of life and existential vacuum for meaning of life were selected. Hypothetical models are presented from previous study and tested with structural equation model. The results of structural equation analyses proved that the hypothetical model which religious coping mediated the relationship between intrinsic religious orientation and meaning of life. Finally, the limitations of this study and the directions of future study were discussed.

군은 기업과 같이 이익을 추구하거나 연구기관과 같이 실적과 성과가 나타날 수 있는 조직이 아니다. 그래서 연공서열 중심의 관료적 성격이 짙고 어느 조직보다 계급을 중심으로 임무를 수행하는 집단이며 상명하복의 조직문화가 다른 조직보다 강하다고 할 수 있다. 또한 군조직의 임무가 국가 안보를 다루다보니 보안에 대한 중요성이 있어 폐쇄적이고 어느 조직보다 더 보수적인 성향이 짙다. 이러한 환경에서 군 조직의 역할이 사람의 생명을 담보로 임무를 수행해야 하는 것을 생각한다면 어느 조직의 리더보다 군 조직 리더의 역할은 중요할 수밖에 없다. 하지만 지금까지 한정된 분야에서의 리더십 연구가 이루어졌으며 특히 긍정적인 분야, 발전적이고 건설적인 리더십 연구에만 치우쳐져 있어 이에 해당하지 않는 많은 부분의 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 이미 미국에서는 2003년 미 육군 장관(Secretary of US army) Thomas E. white의 지시로 인하여 부정적 리더십에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행 중에 있으며 이는 독성적(toxic) 리더십이 군 조직과 그리고 전장지역에서 임무를 수행함에 있어 얼마나 큰 영향을 미치는지 필요성을 절감하였기 때문이다. 이 연구에서는 그 동안 연구되지 않았던 군조직의 부정적 리더십에 대한 질적 및 양적 데이터 수집 및 분석을 실시하고자 한다. 이 연구의 목표는 부정적 리더십 중 독성적(toxic)리더십의 범위와 행동양식에 대한 문헌연구와 현재 군 조직의 독성적(toxic) 리더의 경험적 자료를 구축하고, 하급자들이 독성적(toxic) 리더와 일할 때 발생할 직업 만족도에 대한 변화 그리고 결과와 원인을 매개하는 조직응집력에 대하여 분석하고자 한다. 이 연구는 집단과 조직을 개인보다 우선시하는 군에서는 더욱 시급하고 중요할 것이며 이러한 연구를 시도하는 것부터 군 리더의 역할과 영향에 대하여 새로운 방향을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

A military is not an organization that seeks profits, such as a company, or a research institute whose results and outcomes can produce. Therefore, it can be said that the nature of the bureaucracy is stronger than any other organizations, which perform the task centered based on ranks. In addition, as military missions deal with national and operation security which is closed with each other and more conservative compare to other organization. In this circumstance, the role of military organization and leaders is to carry out their duties with the cost of people's lives, and indeed, leades and leadership in military are more important than those of any organizations. However, many researches are lacking or focused on leadership research in a limited field, especially positive field, developmental, constructive leadership research and researches that are not focused on that area are limited. Already in the United States, research on negative leadership has been actively conducted under the direction of the Secretary of US Army Thomas E. White in 2003, how toxic leadership is serving in military organizations and on the battlefield. Now they realize how toxic leadership had impact on missions in military organizations and on the battlefield. The purpose of this study is to collect and analyze qualitative and quantitative data on the negative leadership of military organizations that have not been studied. The aim of this study was to establish a literature study on the scope and behavior of toxic leadership among negative leadership and to build empirical data on toxic leaders of current military organizations, and to create occupations that occur when subordinates work with toxic leaders. This study analyzes changes in satisfaction and organizational cohesion that mediates results and causes. This study will be more urgent and important for groups that prioritize groups and organizations over individuals, and it may provide new directions for the role and impact of military leaders from attempting these studies.

본 연구는 스트레스가 학교적응에 미치는 영향과 사회적지지의 매개효과를 분석함으로써, 청소년의 학교 적응력을 높이기 위한 방안을 모색하여 사회복지적 함의를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 경남지역 중학생을 대상으로 하여 자료를 수집하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 스트레스는 사회적지지에 부적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 스트레스가 많을수록 사회적지지가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 사회적지지는 학교적응에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 사회적지지가 높을수록 학교적응은 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 스트레스는 청소년의 학교적응에 부적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 스트레스가 높을수록 학교적응은 낮았다. 넷째, 사회적지지를 투입하여 스트레스 매개효과를 검증한 결과, 스트레스가 학교적응에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않고, 사회적지지를 거쳐 간접적으로 청소년의 학교적응에 영향을 미치는 완전 매개(full mediation)효과가 발견되었다. 즉, 스트레스가 높은 청소년은 사회적지지가 낮았고, 스트레스는 사회적지지를 거쳐 간접적으로 학교적응에 영향을 미치는 것이 확인되었다.

This study verifies the influence of students' stress of their adjustment to school life and the mediate effect of social support and based on the results, to develop the programs improving the school life adaptation. For the purpose, the researcher collects some data from junior high school students in Gyeongnam area. The study results were as follows. First, it appeared that the school stress has a negative effect on the school support. that is, the study notice that juveniles with high stress gain low social support Second, it appeared that the social support has a positive effect on the school adjustment, that is, the study notice that juveniles with high social support gain high social adjustment. Third, it appeared that the school stress has a negative effect on the school adjustment. that is, the study notice that juveniles with high stress gain low social support. Fourth, the result to verify the mediate effect of social support, in the long run, that depending on the social support, juveniles' stress has the full mediate effect on their adjustment to school life. That is, the study confirms that juveniles with high stress gain low social support and juveniles with stress it appeared that the school stress has a indirectly effect on the school adjustment.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the ability of patient-centered communication to mediate the relationship between having a usual source of care and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic disease. Methods: We conducted a mediation regression analysis for 3,050 patients with chronic illnesses identified in the 2018 Korea Health Panel Survey. The research model was designed based on the PROCESS Macro model 4 by Hayes and analyzed using the SPSS 27.0 program. Results: These results demonstrate a positive indirect mediating effect of patient-centered communication on the relationship between a clinic-level customary healthcare provider and health-related quality of care among patients with chronic illness. Conclusion: These study findings support the development of programs to strengthen patient-centered communication among doctors and support the provision of patients with chronic illnesses with customary healthcare providers.

본 연구는 학교전환기와 비전환기를 반영하는 2개의 코호트 자료를 사용하여 종단적 접근으로 공격성(T1), 또래수 용(T2), 우울(T3)의 관계가 성별과 체육활동에 따른 조절효과를 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 한국아동청소년 패널자료를 코호트 1(학교비전환기, 총 1,938명, 남: 995명)과 코호트 2(학교전환기, 총 1,850명, 남학생: 972명)로 구분한 후, 최종분석에 사용하였다. 위계적 회귀분석을 이용하여 조절된 매개효과분석을 실시하였다. 1단계에서는 종속변수를 설명하는 다양한 통제변수를 투입하였고, 2단계에서는 간접효과와 직접효과를 살펴보았다. 마지막으로 3단계에서 는 성별과 체육활동의 조절된 매개효과를 검증하였다. 그 결과 학교전환기와 비전환기 모두에서 또래수용(T2)이 공 격성(T1)과 우울(T3)의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 학교비전환기에서 체육활동을 많이 참여하는 여학생의 경우 공격성이 또래수용에 미치는 부적관계가 강화되었지만, 학교전환기에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 코호트 2에서 여 학생이 남학생보다 또래수용이 우울감소에 미치는 영향력이 더 강화되는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 종합해 보 면, 학교전환기에서 체육활동이 또래수용을 매개로 공격성과 우울의 순차적 과정에 부분적으로 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있었다.

This study examined the relationship between aggression (T1), peer acceptance (T2), and depression (T3) according to the longitudinal approach using two cohort data reflecting school transition and non-school transition. And this relationship was tested by gender and physical activity. For this purpose, a cohort 1 (non-school transition period) was used for the final analysis, with a total of 1,938 students, 995 students, and a cohort 2 (school transition period: 1,850 students, male students: 972 students) from the Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS). In the step 1, various control variables affecting the dependent variables were added. In the step 2, indirect effects and direct effects were examined. Finally, in the step 3, the moderated mediate effects of gender and physical activity were verified. As a result, the relationship between aggression (T1) and depression (T3) mediated by peer acceptance (T2) in both school transition and non-school transition. In the school transition period, the negative relationship of aggression to peer acceptance was strengthened in female students who participated in a lot of physical activities but it was not observed at school transition period. In cohort 2, the effect of peer acceptance on depression reduction was stronger in girl than boys. The result of the study shows that physical activity has a positive effect on the sequential process of aggression and depression mediated by peer acceptance in school transition period.

The purpose of this study is to verify the mediated effect of the relationship authenticity in the relationship between gender role conflict and romantic relationship satisfaction of male university students. A total of 420 male university students in G district were surveyed and 214 were used for analysis. The mediating effects of the relationship authenticity between gender role conflict and romantic relationship satisfaction in male university students are as follows. First, there was a significant negative correlation between gender role conflict, relationship authenticity and romantic relationship satisfaction, and there was a positive correlation between relationship authenticity and romantic relationship satisfaction. Second, one-way analysis of the major variables over the relationship period showed significant differences in romantic relationship satisfaction and relationship authenticity as the longer the relationship period. Third, the research model was verified according to the relationship period, and both the initial and later period of dating were fully mediated. These results mean that it is important for a man with a high gender role conflict to express himself sincerely in a romantic relationship. In the consultation scene, it could provide an intervention that would improve the relationship authenticity of a shorter-term approach, prior to a gender role conflict that would be difficult to restructure in a short period of time. Finally, we discussed suggestions for significance and further study based on this research result.

본 연구는 기술혁신을 가능하게 하는 인적자원관리의 중요 요인으로 셀프리더십을 통해 변화하는 시대에서의 혁신을 조명해보고 감성지능이 셀프리더십과 기술혁신과의 관계에서의 매개효과를 실증검증하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 셀프리더십의 구성요인 행위적 전략, 자연적 보상전략, 건설적 사고전략이 기술혁신에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 둘째, 감성지능의 매개효과를 분석한 결과 셀프리더십의 행위적 전략을 제외한 나머지 자연적 보상전략과 건설적 사고전략에서는 기술혁신에 미치는 영향에 대한 감성지능의 매개효과가 입증되었다. 이는 감성지능의 자기감정에 대한 인식과 타인과 주변상황에 대한 객관적인 검토가 기술혁신에 긍정적인 영향을 미치게 하며, 스스로 감정을 컨트롤하고 통제하며, 자기 동기부여를 통한 뛰어난 조절력이 결국 기술혁신에도 연관되어 나타나게 된다는 것이다.

This study aims to mediating effects of Emotional Intelligence on the relationships between Self-Leadership. Additionally, this study is to examine the impact of Self-leadership(behavior- focused strategies, natural reward strategies and constructive thought pattern strategies) to Technology Innovation. Hypotheses were tested by surveying 420 employees at Gumi Industrial Complex. The findings are as follows : First, all factors of Self-leadership had a significant positive effect on Technology Innovation. Second, four factors of Emotional Intelligence had a significant positive mediating effect on Technology Innovation except behavior- focused strategies of Self-Leadership. It is indicated a need for action in organization's self-leadership and it is also shown reliable criterion to effective organizational management of success in Technology Innovation.

본 연구는 코로나19와 같은 팬데믹 상황에서 헬스케어 시설 종사자가 지각하고 있는 조직지원인식과 조직효 과성과의 관계에서 동기부여, 리더십, 조직민주성, 조직학습을 병렬 다중매개 효과를 나타내는지를 검증하는데 있 다. 헬스케어 시설 종사자 210명을 대상으로 조직지원인식, 동기부여, 리더십, 조직민주성, 조직학습, 조직효과성에 대해 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 조직지원인식, 동기부여, 리더십, 조직민주성, 조직학습, 조직효과성은 모두 유의한 상관관계를 가지고 있었다. 둘째, 리더십, 조직민주성, 조직학습은 병렬 다중매개효과가 있었다. 즉, 조 직지원인식은 조직효과성에 영향을 미치지만, 리더십, 조직민주성, 조직학습에 의해서도 조직효과성에 영향을 주었 다. 셋째, 다중 매개효과의 크기는 리더십, 조직민주성, 조직학습 순으로 나타났다. 이에 헬스케어 시설에서 종사자 들과 신뢰를 바탕으로 종사자들이 시설운영 참여의 민주성과 리더십, 위기대응매뉴얼을 기반으로 하는 조직학습이 체계적으로 이루어지는 시스템이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Perceived Organizational Support on organizational effectiveness of healthcare workers. The study was expanded through the analysis of parallel multiple mediator effects of Motivation, Leadership, Organizational Democracy, and Organizational Learning. This study was conducted on 210 employees of healthcare facilities. First, Perceived Organizational Support, motivation, leadership, organizational democracy, organizational learning, and organizational effectiveness all had significant correlations. Second, leadership, organizational democracy, and organizational learning had an analysis of Multi media effects. Third, the order of magnitude of Analysis of Multi mediate Effects was leadership, organizational democracy, and organizational learning. Therefore, health care facilities should be based on trust with workers.

본 연구는 정부의 청년 창업정책의 기조 변화와 대학의 창업 지원프로그램 변화에 집중하였으며, 특히 문화예술 분야에 잠재성을 인지한 정부 및 대학의 정책적 움직임이 변하고 있음을 시사하고 있다. 또한 연구적으로도 예술창업이라는 개념에 주목하면서, 예술창업 정책에 주요 대상이 되는 예술대 학생을 중심으로 창업 연구가 발전되고 있음을 주목하고 있다. 이에 필자는 창업의 과정에 있어 필수적 요인으로 보는 창업행동을 중심으로 예술대 학생의 창업행동, 기업가정신, 창업의지, 창업지원 프로그램의 관계성을 보는 양적연구를 진행하였다. 즉 예술대 학생의 창업행동에 기업가정신과 창업의지가 유의적 영향을 끼치는지 살펴보았으며, 나아가 창업지원 프로그램이 조절된 매개효과를 나타내는지를 살펴보았다. 연구적 결과를 요약해 보면 기업가정신은 창업의지를 매개하여 창업행동에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 창업지원 프로그램들은 예술대 학생의 기업가정신이 창업의지를 매개하여 창업행동에 미치는 영향을 조절하였다. 즉, 예술대 학생들이 창업지원 프로그램에 대해 긍정적으로 인식할수록 기업가정신이 창업의지에 미치는 긍정적인 영향력이 높아졌고, 창업의지 수준이 더 높아짐에 따라 창업행동 또한 보다 높은 수준을 보였다. 결론적으로 이러한 연구결과는 예술대 학생을 위한 창업지원 프로그램의 중요성을 보여줌을 통해 기존의 단기적, 단순 재정적 지원에서, 예술대 학생의 기업가 정신을 강화시킬 수 있는 기업가 정신 교육, 창업의지를 강화시킬 수 있는 맞춤형 멘토링 지원의 필요함을 시사하였다. 그러나 본 고는 예술대 학생에 정립된 기업가 정신의 이론적 개념을 파악하는 것과 연구 대상의 범위적 한계로 200명 이상의 연구대상을 확보하지 못한 한계점이 있었다.

Subject research has focused on diversion of government policy for business startup by young people and changes of universities' business startup programs, especially to imply that government and universities' political movements are changing due to the acknowledgement for potentiality in the field of cultural arts. Also we have took notice in that research for business foundation is improving with students of college of arts those become main subjects to the art startup policies, by focusing on art business foundation in research perspective. Therefore, we have done quantitative test for relationship between business foundation behavior of art major students, with entrepreneurship, willing of business foundation and business foundation support program, with startup behavior that becomes essential factor to the for the business foundation procedure. It is to be observed if entrepreneurship willing of business foundation affect art major students' behavior for business startup significantly, and if business foundation support program shows mediated affect. As art students' positive perceptions on business foundation support program has led to more positive effect of entrepreneurship on willing of business foundation, while start-up behavior takes higher standard as wiling for the business foundation improves. To conclude, result of this research works has shown important features of business foundation support program to imply necessity of business moral education to strengthen college students' entrepreneurship and customized mentor support to strengthen willingness for the start-up, upgrading from existing short-termed financial support. But subject study had its limit to identify the established theoretical concept of art college students' entrepreneurship, and to secure more than 200 study subjects due to limitations of the range.

Objectives : This study aimed to explore the association between depression and perceived stress, viral anxiety, reassurance-seeking behavior, and poor sleep quality among the general population in Bangladesh, with self-efficacy as a possible mediator. Methods : Data on stress and anxiety during the pandemic in Bangladesh were collected through an online survey from September 16, 2021 to October 4, 2021. Viral anxiety and depression were measured using the Bangla version of Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemic-6 (SAVE-6) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively. Self-efficacy was measured by the General Self-efficacy (GSE) scale. Reassurance-seeking behavior related to the coronavirus disease 2019 infection was measured by the Coronavirus Reassurance-Seeking Behaviors Scale (CRBS). Results : The CRBS showed a significant correlation with SAVE-6 (r=0.281, p<0.001) and PHQ-9 (r=0.227, p<0.001). People with higher anxiety, reassurance-seeking behavior, and poor sleep quality had lower self-efficacy, which led to depression. In contrast, perceived stress increased self-efficacy. The psychological factors impacted depression directly as well as indirectly, and self-efficacy mediated the association. Conclusions : Viral anxiety, reassurance-seeking behavior, perceived stress, and poor sleep quality have a close correlation with depression both directly and indirectly. Self-efficacy can be a mediating factor in the association between psychological distress and depression. Viral anxiety, reassurance-seeking behavior, and poor sleep quality reduce self-efficacy. On the other hand, perceived stress can strengthen self-efficacy.

Purpose: This study investigated the mediating effect of family support in the relationships of anxiety and depression with maternal-fetal attachment among pregnant women admitted to the maternal-fetal intensive care unit (MFICU) in Korea. Methods: The participants were high-risk pregnant women with a gestational age of at least 20 weeks who were admitted to MFICUs in Busan and Yangsan. The Korean versions of four measurement tools were used for the self-report questionnaire: Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Cobb's family support measurement, and Cranley's maternal-fetal attachment scale. Data were collected from June 22 to September 20, 2020. Out of 124 participants, data from 123 respondents were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were done. Results: The average age of participants was 34.1 years. Their anxiety level was moderate (43.57±11.65 points out of 80) and 53.6% were identified as having moderate depression (average 10.13±5.48 points out of 30). Family support was somewhat high (average 43.30±5.03 points out of 55). The average score of maternal-fetal attachment was also somewhat high (73.37±12.14 points out of 96). Family support had a partial mediating effect in the relationships of anxiety and depression with maternal-fetal attachment among high-risk pregnant women admitted to the MFICU. Conclusion: Maintaining family support is challenging due to the nature of the MFICU. Considering the mediating effect of family support, establishing an intervention plan to strengthen family support can be helpful as a way to improve maternal-fetal attachment for high-risk pregnant women admitted to the MFICU.

Oxaliplatin, a third-generation platinum derivative, is the mainstay of current antineoplastic medications for advanced colorectal cancer therapy. However, peripheral neuropathic complications, especially cold allodynia, undermine the life-prolonging outcome of this anti-cancer agent. Rosavin, a phenylpropanoid derived originally from Rhodiola rosea, exhibits a wide range of therapeutic properties. The present study explored whether and how rosavin alleviates oxaliplatin-induced cold hypersensitivity in mice. In the acetone drop test, cold allodynia behavior was observed from days 3 to 5 after a single injection of oxaliplatin (6 mg/kg, i.p.). Cold allodynia was significantly attenuated following rosavin treatment (10 mg/kg, i.p.). Specific endogenous 5-HT depletion by three consecutive pretreatments with parachlorophenylalanine (150 mg/kg/day, i.p.) abolished the analgesic action of rosavin; this effect was not observed following pretreatment with naloxone (opioid receptor antagonist, 10 mg/kg, i.p.). Furthermore, 5-HT_1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635 (0.16 mg/kg, i.p.), but not 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist MDL-72222 (1 mg/kg, i.p.), blocked rosavin-induced analgesia. These results suggest that rosavin may provide a novel approach to alleviate oxaliplatin-induced cold allodynia by recruiting the activity of 5-HT_1A receptors.

이 연구는 자유학년제를 보낸 중학교 1학년 학생을 대상으로 일상스트레스가 학교적응에 미치는 영향에서 이해전략과 정서조절의 매개효과를 살펴보았다. 중학생의 일상스트레스는 학교적응에 부정적인 영향을 줄 뿐만 아니라 이해전략과 정서조절전략에도 부정적인 영향을 주었고 일상스트레스와 학교적응의 관계에서 이해전략과 정서조절은 정적인 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 중학생의 자기이해와 정서조절이 스트레스를 객관적으로 이해하고 문제를 확산시키는 것으로 예방함으로서 학교적응에 긍정적인 기능을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 학교적응을 위하여 학생스스로 인지적·정서적 자기관리기술의 개발과 훈련의 필요성을 제시한다고 하겠다.

This study aimed to find the mediating effect of understanding strategies and emotional control in the effects of daily stress on school adaptation for first-year middle school students who sent the free school year. The daily stress of middle school students has not only negatively affected school adaptation, but also negatively affected understanding and emotional control strategies. In the relationship between daily stress and school adaptation, understanding strategies and emotional control have been shown to serve as positive intermediaries. These results showed that self-understanding and emotional control of middle school students play a positive role in school adaptation by objectively understanding stress and preventing it from spreading problems.

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of social support of housing poor children on problem behavior, and to analyze the mediate effect of self-esteem. For this goal, the effect of these variables on the problem behavior of children was analyzed through structural equation by classifying the factors influencing the problem behavior into social support (parent support, teacher support and peer support) and self-esteem for 118 children who live in the housing poor region in Gyeonggi-do. As a result, first, it was found that the effect which influences directly to the self esteem was teacher support and parent support among sub factors of social support while the peer support showed no influence. First, it was found that the self-esteem had negative(-) effect to the problem behavior of housing poor children. It means the higher the self-esteem the less problem behavior. Third, the social support influence just indirectly to the problem behavior through self-esteem without direct influence but mediate completely. Based on these results, this study developed the discussion, searched the practical-political plan which can strengthen the social support in order to reduce the problem behavior of housing poor children.