Earticle

기업이 지속적으로 경쟁우위를 확보하기 위해서 새로운 혁신기법을 도입 및 적용하는 기업이 늘고 있지만 이것이 항상 성공을 보장하지 않기 때문에 성공적 도입을 위해 고려해야 할 사항에 대해 논의하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 기업의 원가절감과 가치창출이라는 두 목표를 동시에 추구하는 가치공학(Value Engineering)을 도입하는 기업의 사례를 통해서 성공적인 경영혁신 방법론의 도입을 위한 고려사항을 제시하는 연구이다. 사례기업에서 수행된 컨설팅은 우선 해당 기업에 적합한 가치공학 방법론을 도입하기 위해 타사에서 적용 중인 추진절차(Job Plan)를 선정된 시범 프로젝트에 적용하였다. 이후, 여기서 나타난 문제점을 보완하여 새로운 방법론을 전사 차원으로 확산하는 절차로 진행되고 있는 중이다. 사례연구 결과, 다음의 시사점을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 모든 기업에 공통적으로 적용될 수 있는 혁신 방법론이 존재하지 않기 때문에 해당 기업의 환경에 맞도록 시범 프로젝트를 운영한 후 이를 보완하는 것이 필요하다. 둘째, 혁신 방법론에 대한 직원의 역량 강화를 위한 교육 및 훈련이 절대적으로 필요하다. 셋째, 모든 직원들의 적극적인 의사소통과 참여가 필요하다.

Despite an growing number of firms are increasingly introducing and adopting new innovation techniques to achieve firms' sustainable competitive advantage, it is important to discuss on considerations for their successful adoption because it does not necessarily guarantee a success story. This study presents some considerations for adoption of successful management innovation through the case of introducing value engineering that seeks to both cost reduction and value creation. For a consulting case implemented in a firm, first and foremost, a Job Plan adopting in other firms was introduced in a selected pilot project in a bid to seize appropriate VE methods. Since then, the consulting is still on-going by using a precedure to diffuse a new method complemented some problems company-wide. The result of the case study offers some implications. Firstly, since there is no innovation method that can be commonly adopted in all firms, it is necessary to complement it after operating pilot projects in order to be best suited to adopting firms' situations. Secondly, education and training is required for enhancing participants' capability on innovation method. Thirdly, it is necessary for all participants to actively communicate and participate.

The Korea National Housing Corporation contributes activated value engineering(VE) how to hold a plan VE competition every year. This study introduced VE working results to execute effectively plan VE competition of the Korea National Housing Corporation. A VE Job Plan was based, and the distinction on choice process of phased VE Job Plan was chosen in the stage of VE working process. The executed results due to VE proceeding about " the new construct field of apartment, A-14, Woonjeongjigu, Paju" as the project of a plan VE competition 2006 was to enforce 163 works of functional definitions, 333 items of creating ideas, and 193 achievements of ideas. Besides, VE was proposed about 46 works of increasing values and cost reduction for 103 works and 10,040,000,000 won.

최근의 건설사업은 사회적 트랜드의 변화 및 수요자의 요구에 따라 복합화·다양화 되어 가는 추세이며, 사업의 불확실성 및 공사 진행 간 발생할 수 있는 많은 설계변경 등을 최소화하기 위해 공사 착수 전 철저한 설계 분석 및 사전검토가 요구되고 있다. 교육시설 공사 또한, BTL사업과 최근 혁신도시 이전, 지방교육시설의 확충을 위해 학교시설 사업의 규모가 급격히 확대됨에 따라 효율적인 VE(Value Engineering)가 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 하지만 교육시설은 VE를 수행하는 동안 VE 선정과정의 적정성 평가 미흡, 건축공사 VE 수행방법의 인식부족, 공종별 및 평가요소별, 건축공사 단계별 중점관리대상 선정 미흡 등으로 인하여 효율적인 수행의 한계를 보이고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 교육시설 VE 제안 시 집중적인 관리가 요구되는 중점관리대상을 사례분석 및 전문가 설문을 통해 제시하고자 하였으며, 그 결과 건축/구조 공종, 성능/품질 평가요소, 공사단계 분류의 유지단계, 추진단계 분류의 분석단계 등의 중점관리대상을 선정하였다.

The recent trend for construction business is drifting towards complexation and diversification in line with social trend transition and a user's demand; consequently, required are thorough design analysis before starting construction and preliminary review in an effort to minimize business uncertainty and frequent changes of order that could take place in the middle of construction progress. Actually, educational facility construction is also called to employ efficient VE(Value Engineering) according as the project size of school facilities is sharply expanding for the purpose of BTL(Build-Transfer-Lease)project, recent transfer to the innovative city and expansion of local educational facilities. However, the educational facilities project is showing its limitations on efficient performance due to insufficiency in adequacy assessment of VE, lack of awareness about VE execution method in architectural construction, and insufficiency in selection of the objects of priority control by work type, assessment factors, architectural work phase, etc. revealed in the course of carrying out VE. So, this study intended to suggest the object of priority control requiring concentrated management at the time of proposal of educational facilities VE through the case analysis & survey on experts; as a result, this study managed to select the objects of priority control, such as building/structure work type, performance/quality assessment factors, maintenance stage of construction work stage classification, and analysis stage of promotion stage classification, etc.

The purpose of VE (Value Engineering) activities is to come to an achievement of building necessary functions at the lowest possible cost. This study unfolds the co-VE activities which occurred between Gas Range and its partner company in the supply of Grill Body. The co-VE activity has accomplished the cost reduction of about 57 million through performing the function deployment of 12 parts and by devising the alternatives.

본 연구는 컨버전스 유형별 비즈니스모델 개발을 위한 혁신도구 비교 연구이다. 먼저 문헌고찰을 통하여 컨버전스 유형, 비즈니스 모델, 혁신도구에 대한 기존연구를 학습하고. 이를 근거로 컨버전스 환경 하에서 혁신적 비즈니스모델을 개발하기 위해 혁신도구를 이용한 비즈니스모델 개발 개념인 컨버전스-비즈니스-혁신도구 큐브(CBI Cube)모형을 개발하였다. 이 개념의 구체화를 위해 전문가집단을 대상으로 한 델파이(DelPhi)기법과 AHP기법을 적용하여 CBI Cube 모형의 구성인자를 도출하고 비즈니스모델 개발을 위한 혁신도구의 상대적 우선순위를 비교하였다. 본 연구를 통해 기존 비즈니스모델의 벤치마킹이나 단순 모방의 수준을 넘어 가치혁신형 비즈니스 모델의 개발이 가능하게 되어 혁신 제품·서비스의 개발 및 혁신 시장개발에 보다 쉽게 접근할 수 있게 될 것을 기대한다.

This study is a comparatively analyzes innovation tools for developing appropriate business models according to the types of convergence. Firstly, it examines previous studies on the type of convergence, business models, and innovation tools. Based on the understanding of each topic through literature search, it introduces Convergence-Business-Innovation Tools Cube (CBI Cube) model with the concept of developing innovative business models by applying innovation tools under the condition of convergence. In order to quantify (concretize) the concept, we have compared the relative priority of innovation tools for developing business models to find component factors of CBI Cube model through the survey of an expert group by adopting DelPhi method and AHP method. From the result of this study, we expect to be able to make an easier approach to the development of innovative products, services and market as it allows to develop business models of value innovation beyond just benchmarking or simple imitation of existing business models.

The purpose of this study is to suggest approaches to cost-effective decision-making through cost-benefit analysis tools for evaluating various alternatives in architectural planning and construction. For this study, we applied tools of life cycle cost, economic value added, return on investment for a cost-benefit analysis framework.

In a rural house, it is necessary to make a quality model that choose effective design value engineering. So more effective models, this study examine requests of a rural house project designers, constructors, and tenants. Checked items are classified into four groups that working area, dwelling area, constructive and environmental parts. Each groups are also divided into detailed items for basic decisional elements. When basis points sets 10, it can be divided that working area parts 3pts, dwelling area parts 2.5pts, constructive parts 3pts and environmental parts 1.5pts. In this results, we can make a proposal of evaluation on additive value quality model for a rural house in design value engineering.

In campus project, 「Barrier Free Design」is the essential part for the handicapped. It is necessary to make a quality model that choose effective design value engineering objects. So more effective models, this study examine requests of the university students. Checked items are classified into four groups that movement, guidable, safety and territoria parts, and each groups are also divided into detailed items for basic decisional elements. When basis points sets 10, it can be divided that movement parts 2.93pts, guidable parts 2.31pts, safety parts 2.41pts and territoria parts 2.35pts. in this results, we can make additive value and quality model for barrier free design in campus design value engineering.

As the efficiency of the construction has recently become important, the importance of VE(Value Engineering) is increasing and the application of VE is also practiced. On this, the main purpose of this study is focused on suggesting the way of improvement of construction VE through the examples of VE application in the inhabitant hall construction in K city which was ordered by considering the theory of VE and Turn-Key construction. This study deals with the application of VE in public rather than that in private. This study is to derive what the problem of VE application in the present domestic construction area by considering the theory of VE and the example of VE application in the inhabitant hall construction in K city. Finally, by the suggestion of the answer of the derived VE problem, VE can be performed smoothly and efficiently.

Value can be defined as function divided by cost. The ultimate goal of VE (Value Engineering) is to simultaneously reduce cost and to enhance function in given projects. In general, there are eight phases (Selection, Investigation, Speculation, Evaluation, Development. Presentation, Implementation, and Audit) to perform VE. This paper presents analysis of important factors for VE in construction fields using QFD (Quality Function Deployment) technique. QFD was introduced in 1972 to help design supertanker in Mitsubish's shipyards in Kob, Japan and formally defined by the American Supplier Institute in 1987 as a system for translating consumer requirements into appropriate company requirements at every stage, from research, through product design and development, to manufacture, distribution, installation, and marketing, sales and services. The objective of this paper is to provide and analyze the trend on the viewpoint of efficient value engineering of field workers. The data are collected by questionnaires. The samples for this study are chosen from 13 companies in Korea during 2 months (2002. 7 ∼ 2002. 8). The results of this study will play an important role not only for the efficient value engineering but also for preparing of life cycle cost analysis.

본 연구의 목적은 건설사업관리 설계VE의 운용방법을 개선하기 위해 단계별 문제점 도 출 및 활성화 방안을 제시하였다. 기능, 성능, 비용 등 모든 요소에 균등 향상을 위한 대안 마련으로 결론에 도달하였으며, 단계별 주요 활성화 방안은 1) 준비단계에서 현장견학 및 오리엔테이션 강화와 설계·시공VE 인증 자격자 구성 및 해당 기술 전문 유자격자를 선정 하고, 2) 분석단계에서는 사전 기능별 Risk분석 방안과 설계 관련 자료를 제공하고, VE 전문교육기관에서 제안서(VECP) 작성방법 교육 이수자 등을 활용토록하고, 3) 실행단계 에서는 VE제안 최종 채택방법·발표와 교육을 이수한 전문가를 선임하여 후속조치와 실행 계획을 수립하고 데이터 관리와 시스템화를 추구하여야 한다. 4) VE수행 전문가에 적정한 대가 기준을 마련하고, 100억 원 미만의 소규모 공공 공사에 대한 설계VE 실행방안을 마 련하도록 제시하였다. 5) 마지막으로 설계공모, 기본설계 등의 시행 및 설계의 경제성 등 검토에 관한 지침 등을 개정 설계VE 업무수행자와 검토조직은 공정에 맞는 전문 기술사가 VE 교육을 이수한 후 자격을 취득한 자가 프로젝트를 수행하도록 지침을 개정하여 VE 품 질을 확보토록 제시하였다.

The purpose of this study was to suggest efforts to improve and activate the capabilities of VE in order to improve construction project management. , performance, performance, etc., which can be reduced to a function adjustment function, and the main activities are as follows: 1) strengthening field visits and port-entering in the stage, organizing design and construction VE certification qualifications and selecting qualified technical experts, 2) providing preliminary risk analysis by function and design-related data in the analysis stage, and utilizing those who have completed the proposal (VECP) writing method at VE specialized training institutions, etc. 3) In the execution stage, the final adoption method of the VE proposal, presentation, and experts who have completed training should be selected to establish follow-up measures and implementation plans and pursue data management and systemization. 4) It was suggested to establish appropriate compensation standards for VE performing experts and to prepare design VE implementation plans for small-scale public works projects worth less than 10 billion won. 5) Finally, it was suggested to revise the guidelines on the implementation of design competitions, basic designs, etc. and reviews of the economic feasibility of designs, etc. The design VE work performers and review organizations were suggested to revise the guidelines so that projects are performed by qualified, expert engineers who have completed VE training appropriate for the process, and thereby secure VE quality.

본 논문에서는 도시가 단순히 첨단기술 기반의 도시에서 지속가능한 발전의 개념이 적용된 스마트 시티로 추진되기 위한 방안을 살펴보았다. 특히 지속 가능한 스마트 시티에 대한 정의와 경제, 사회, 환경부분의 가치공학적(Value Engineering1) : VE) 지표를 도출하고 부분별 전략 구상과 지속 가능한 스마트 시티의 통합적 추진정책을 제시하였다. 또한, 스마트 시티의 가 치 중심적 지속가능한 계획지표에 대한 구체적인 실행방안을 마련하는 등, 심도 있는 연구를 통해 서로 상충될 수 있는 지표 기술효율성, 형평성 등에 대해 계층화하여 종합적 추진방안에 대한 연구를 실시하였다.

The purpose of this study is to provide the systematic report and analysis about Apartment VE application in Design Phase. In this study, the method of VE application is classified into foure groups-changing materials, changing a method of construction, acceptance of new technology, and use of new device. The facts found in this study can be summarized as follows. Application rate of VE is highest in building circumference parts. The main reason would be that there are many applicable factors according to locations, types of work, etc. Parking lots also show similar results with the same reason. It means there are a lot of possibility to adapt value engineering in these steps during the work. So far application of value engineering has been so limited that just small changes of process or method have been tried. One reason is the lack of challenging and the other is some characteristics of construction work which is very difficult to fix after completion. In the future, it would be more efficient to apply new technology and new device in construction work. Though these attempts have been ignored in Korea so far, there are still lots of possibilities to be developed in value engineering.

공학을 실천적 학문으로 규정하는 데 어려운 점은 공학의 다의미성이다. 공학은 담론의 성격에 따라 기술로서 공학, 지식으로서 공학 혹은 직업으로서 공학을 뜻한다. 실천적 학문으로서 공학을 규정하는 방식은 ‘공학’이라는 이름 아래 획일적으로 이루어질 수 없다. 기술로서 공학을 실천적 학문으로 규정하는 데 중요한 물음은 다음이다. 기술은 가치중립적인가? 이 물음에 대한 두 가지 본질주의 접근법을 비판적으로 분석함으로써 기술로서 현대 공학이 갖는 성격을 찾는다. 그 성격은 공학기술이 가치중립적이지 않은 동시에 이데올로기가 될 수 없다는 것이다. 이러한 기술로서 공학의 성격은 공학 지식의 능동적 활용 자체가 윤리적 담론이 될 수 있는 가능성을 열어준다.

We all admit that engineering is a practical science. But there are many facets of engineering. According to the characters of discourses, engineering can be at least understood in three aspects, namely 'engineering as a technology', 'engineering as a knowledge', and 'engineering as a profession'. There is no universal method to define engineering as a practical science under the vague term 'engineering'. The aim of this essay is to find a characteristic trait of our present engineering as a technology. Is technology value neutral? This is one of main questions established in the historical discourses of technology. Two approaches to technology, namely 'value neutralist's approach' and 'essentialist's approach' will be critically analyzed. A characteristic trait of engineering as a technology revealed by this critical analysis is that engineering as a technology is neither value neutral nor ideological in itself. The potentiality that active intervention of engineering knowledge in social domain of problem-solving processes is both practical and ethical cannot be actualized without our collective endeavor to understand the present status of engineering in various aspects.

Profitability is the main goal of every software organization. Software companies develop products to capture greater market place and gain the attention of targeted customers or stakeholder. In the past the software engineering field was not able to determine the stakeholder’s value of the developing product as mostly systems were based on value neutral setting. With the emergence of Value based software engineering (VBSE) the traditional software engineering discipline is vastly changed as during product development the stakeholder’s value proposition plays an important part and the development is done accordingly. In this article I cover some important aspects of value based software engineering regarding their impact in software reusability and quality. Different value based pricing criteria are discussed. Empirical research and value based selection of best suitable automated tools and existing Component off the shelf (COTS) and conflicts between different stakeholders of the same system are also taken into account. In the 3rd section Critical review of the all papers is performed and their plus and negative points are mentioned. At last the Conclusion and future work in value based software engineering field is presented.

본 연구는 대한주택공사에서 주관하여 파주 운정지구 A-14블럭 아파트 신축공사를 대상으로 실시한 설계 VE 경진대회를 통하여 수행된 VE워크샵을 사례로 공동주택에서 Job Plan 따른 기능분석과 아이디어 창출 및 평가를 실시하였다. 연구결과 163건의 기능정의를 실시하였고, 333건의 아이디어 발상을 통하여 193건에 대하여 아이디어 구체화를 실시하였다. 가치향상 46건과 원가절감 103건에 대하여 VE를 제안하였고, 100억 4천만원의 원가절감을 제안하였다.

This study enforced function analysis, achievements of ideas and valuations due to VE workshop about " the new construct field of apartment, A-14, Woonjeongjigu, Paju" as the project of a plan VE competition held by the Korea National Housing Corporation, For the results of the research, it was to enforce 163 works of function analysis, 333 items of creating ideas, and 193 achievements of ideas. Besides, VE was proposed about 46 works of increasing values and cost reduction for 103 works and 10,040,000,000 won.

The selected structure for the value engineering review is one section of cut and cover tunnel for Seoul Subway Line 9. The primary focus of the review is on the optimisation of the structures to save cost on the existing Line 9 contracts through variation of the design criteria as it affects the permanent works. This is to be achieved through comparison with design criteria for other selected international subways. Criteria resulting from the review must not compromise public safety and durability for the 100 year design life.