Earticle

이 연구는 리질리언스라는 대안적 관점에서 마을공동체의 발전 동태를 설명함으로써 이 과정에 영향을 주는 요인과 이들의 상호작용을 심층적으로 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 구체적으로는 리질리언스 이론 중에서 적응 사이클 모델을 활용해 세 가지 사례를 관찰한다. 사례 연구의 결과 해방-재구성-이용-보존의 네 개 국면으로 진행되는 적응 사이클을 모든 사례에서 확인할 수 있었으며, 각 국면에서 복합적인 상호작용을 촉진하는 20개 세부 요인들을 도출했다. 특히 이 과정을 촉진하는 시스템 역량으로서 기존의 지역사회 질서나 경직된 제도를 파괴하는 내․외부적 역량(해체력)과 새로운 지역사회를 창출하기 위한 마을 구성원들의 역량(창의력, 추진력, 결속력) 즉, 해체와 창출이라는 상반된 역량들을 효과적으로 연계시키는 총체적 역량 혹은 마을의 생존력을 논의했다.

This study discusses the resilience of community development. Specifically, this study observes and explains the dynamics of community development of the three cases in South Korea by using the adaptive cycle model. As a result, this study confirmed that the community development process could be meaningfully explained by a cycle of four phase: release, reorganization, exploitation, and conservation. Also, this study identified 20 detailed factors that seem to promote or prescribe the complex interactions in each four phase. Finally, this study concluded that the essence to promote the community resilience was the timely coordination of two opposing system capacities: one is the internal and external community competence to dismantle the existing problematic system; the other is the endogenous community capacity to create a new system.

Ultraviolet communication (UVC) is a promising technology due to its ability to operate in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) mode thereby eliminating the pointing acquisition and tracking (PAT) requirement as needed by infrared and visible light communications. However, NLOS UVC suffers from very high attenuation and turbulence-induced fading when operated over a long distance. Due to these limitations, the existing literature on the NLOS UVC is mostly restricted to short-distance communications only. Therefore, this paper addresses these challenges by proposing an outdoor subcarrier-intensity-modulation (SIM) based multi-relay cooperative communication system employing the best relay selection and decode-and-forward (DF) relaying protocol. The turbulence-induced fading is modelled using lognormal distribution under weak atmospheric turbulence conditions. We derive novel closed-form analytical expressions of outage probability and ergodic capacity. Correctness of the derived analytical expressions is validated through numerical simulations.

Integrated radar-communication system based on multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) shares the hardware resource and spectrum to fulfill radar and communication functions, simultaneously. The baseband signal models of the MIMO radar and the integrated radar-communication system are set up. Then, the radar mutual information and the communication channel capacity are derived accordingly. Radar mutual information is used to evaluate the radar performance; communication channel capacity is one of the methods used to measure the communication capability. The influences of signal-to-noise ratio and the number of antennas, on the mutual information and channel capacity are presented through simulations.

본 연구에서는 재난관리시스템 재편에 따라 공무원의 재난관리역량강화를 위한 교육과정이 어떻게이루어지고 있는지를 살펴보기 위하여 국가공무원인재개발원의 재난안전에 관한 전문교육을 중심으로 분석하였다. 분석결과 재난관리시스템인 국민안전처의 후 공무원의 재난관리역량 강화에 대한필요성과 이를 위한 교육훈련의 중요성은 인식되고 있으나, 교육훈련부분에서 재난관리역량을 강화하기 위한 법령체계의 한계, 교육내용의 전문성 부족 및 교육시간의 부족, 피교육자 요구역량과 부적합한 교육훈련과정의 설계 등이 문제점으로 나타났다. 따라서 공무원의 재난관리역량의 강화를 위해서는 교육기관의 전문성, 교육내용의 전문성, 장기적 교육훈련과정 구성, 피교육자의 요구역량의도출을 통한 교육 등을 통하여 현장중심의 재난대응역량을 강화하기 위한 교육훈련 부문을 강화하는 것이 필요하다. 또한 원활한 교육훈련을 위하여 명확한 법⋅제도상의 명시도 함께 이루어져야할 것이다.

This study analyzes specialized education programs on disaster safety at the National Human Resources Development Institute to understand how those programs have been executed to reinforce civil servants’ disaster management competency after the national disaster management system reform. This study found that the Ministry of Public Safety and Security was aware of the need of reinforcing civil servants’ disaster management competency but several problems were found on the education and training programs such as limited legal system, lack of professional curriculum and time for education, and inadequate design of the programs. Therefore, in order to increase the disaster management capacity of public officials, it is critical to improve education and training programs through enhancing the expertise of educational institutions including contents and specifying the legal and institutional grounds for the programs.

국내 전력계통의 구조는 지방지역의 발전전력이 수도권으로 송배전되는 구조이다. 이에 10차 전력수급계 획에서 전력계통의 총 발전용량은 최대 234.3[GW]으로 설계되었다. 원자력발전은 31.7[GW](13.2[%]), 재생에너지 는 108.3[GW](45.7[%])을 차지한다. 그러나 대용량 발전전력(원자력, 화력)의 송전을 위한 비수도권에서 수도권으 로 수송하는 송전선로 용량은 부족하게 전력계통이 운영되고 있다. 또한, 연평균부하 66.2[GW]에 대한 신재생에너 지원의 변동성 문제에서 원자력이용을 통해 계통운영의 신뢰성 향상이 필요하다. 국내의 전력계통은 약 160[TWh]에 도달할 것으로 예상되며, 원활한 계통을 위해서는 다른 대안이 필요하다. 본 논문은 10차 전력수급계 획에서 간과된 비수도권 발전 송전용량을 개선하고 운영적 대안을 제시하기 위해 고려되었다.

The total domestic power generation capacity of the power system has been designed as the 10th power supply and demand plan with the goal of maximum of 234.3[GW] on a summer base. It would be planned to be installed generation thtat nuclear power generation was 31.7 [GW] (13.2 [%]) and renewable energy was 108.3 [GW] (45.3 [%]).. However, the power system has been operated the lack of transmission capacity for large-capacity power generation(nuclear and thermal power) for transported from the non-metropolitan area to the metropolitan area. Also, it would be increased the reliability of the system operation due to the nuclear power in that volatility problem of renewable power sources for the average annual load of 66.2[GW]. This state would be expected to reach about 160[TWh] and, need to other alternatives. This paper was considered to improve and operational alternatives the transmission capacity of power generation in the non-metropolitan area overlooked in the 10th power supply and demand plan.

Background: In healthy dentin conditions, odontoblasts have an important role such as protection from invasion of pathogens. In mammalian teeth, progenitors such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can migrate and differentiate into odontoblast-like cells, leading to the formation of reparative dentin. For differentiation using stem cells, it is crucial to provide conditions similar to the complex and intricate in vivo environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of differentiation into odonto/ osteoblasts, and compare co-culture with/without epithelial cells. Methods: MSCs and epithelial cells were successfully isolated from dental tissues. We investigated the influences of epithelial cells on the differentiation process of dental pulp stem cells into odonto/osteoblasts using co-culture systems. The differentiation potential with/without epithelial cells was analyzed for the expression of specific markers and calcium contents. Results: Differentiated odonto/osteoblast derived from dental pulp tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells with/without epithelial cells were evaluated by qRT-PCR, immunostaining, calcium content, and ALP staining. The expression of odonto/ osteoblast-specific markers, calcium content, and ALP staining intensity were significantly increased in differentiated cells. Moreover, the odonto/osteogenic differentiation capacity with epithelial cells co-culture was significantly higher than without epithelial cells co-culture. Conclusions: These results suggest that odonto/osteogenic differentiation co-cultured with epithelial cells has a more efficient application.

본 연구의 목적은 대학의 창업지원이 창업기업 성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 이 변수 간의 관계에 있어서 역량강화 프로그램 지원과 창업친화적 제도의 조절효과를 분석하는 데 있다. 연구자료는 대학의 지원을 받는 229개의 창업기업을 대상으로 무기명식 설문지법을 통해 수 집하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대학의 창업공간지원, 기술지원 및 장비지원 각각은 창업기업의 재무적 성과와 비재무적 성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 역량강화 프로그램 지원은 창업공간지원과 재무적 성과 간의 관계를 조절하 는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 역량강화 프로그램 지원은 창업공간지원-비재무적 성과 관계, 기술 지원-비재무적 성과 관계 및 장비지원-비재무적 성과 관계 각각을 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 창업친화적 제도는 창업공간지원과 재무적 성과 간의 관계를 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 창업친화적 제도는 창업공간지원-비재무적 성과 관계, 기술지원-비재무적 성과 관 계 및 장비지원-비재무적 성과 관계 각각을 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 본 연구결과가 제시하는 이론적 및 실무적 시사점과 연구한계 및 향후 연구방향을 논의하였다.

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of university start-up support on start-up company performance, and to examine the moderating roles of capacity building program support and start-up friendly system in the relationship between these variables. Research design, data, methodology : Research data were collected through the anonymous questionnaire method for 229 start-ups supported by universities. Results : The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, each of the university's start-up space support, technical support, and equipment support was positively related to the financial performance and non-financial performance of start-ups. Second, the capacity building program moderated the relationship between start-up space support and financial performance. Third, support for the competency enhancement program moderated the start-up space support-non-financial performance relationship, the technical support-non-financial performance relationship, and the equipment support-non-financial performance relationship, respectively. Fourth, the start-up friendly system moderated the relationship between start-up space support and financial performance. Finally, the start-up friendly system moderated the start-up space support-non-financial performance relationship, the technical support-non-financial performance relationship, and the equipment support-non-financial performance relationship, respectively. Conclusions : The theoretical and practical implications presented by the results of this study, research limitations, and future research directions were discussed.

Pilot allocation methods for efficient channel estimation and cross polarization interference cancellation were designed and analyzed for the fixed point-to-point high capacity unmanned aerial vehicle data link communication system based on dual polarizations. The pilot resource assignment methods were analyzed by dividing into three types of allocation schemes: 1) mutual pilot resource allocation is non-overlapped, 2) orthogonal and 3) overlapped. From the viewpoint of XPIC's dual polarization crosstalk cancellation performance, the accuracy of channel estimation according to the three pilot allocation methods was analyzed through simulation. The channel estimation algorithm and crosstalk cancellation approach were modeled by applying the BLUE method. As a result of performance analysis through simulation, it was confirmed that the mutual overlapping pilot resource allocation method is advantageous when considering the actual environment requiring calibration.

의사능력은 자연인이 민법의 주체로서 가지는 중요한 요소이며 행위무능력은 의사 무능력과 동등시하여서는 아니된다. 독일, 한국, 일본 등 국가의 민법전에서는 개체의 의사능력을 체현하는 행위능력제도와 대리제도에서 행위무능력자 또는 제한능력자 가 의사능력이 있는 전제하에서 시행한 일부 행위의 효력을 인정하며 동시에 그들이 대리인으로서 대외적으로 시행한 의사표시의 효력을 부정하지 않고 있다. 그러나 2021 년1월1일부터 시행된 중국 <민법전>은 행위능력제도에서 행위무능력자가 시행하는 법률행위의 효력을 부정하며 이는 행위무능력자를 과도보호하는 문제를 야기한다. 이것은 그들에게 잔존하는 의사능력을 무시한 것이며 동시에 제한능력자에 관한 의사 표시능력의 규정도 미비하다. 대리제도에 있어서 대리인의 행위능력에 관한 규정이 없으며 행위무능력자 또는 제한능력자가 대리인으로서 대외적으로 의사표시를 하는 상황을 무시하였다. 본고에서는 대리인의 행위능력에 관한 문제를 논의하면서 행위무 능력자가 대리인이 됨에 있어서 관련 법적근거가 불충분하고 제한능력자가 대리인으 로서 행하는 행위는 합리적이라는 결론을 도출하며 <민법전>의 행위능력제도에 있어 서 행위무능력자에 대하여 제한능력자와 유사한 규정을 두어 일정한 경우에 의사능력 을 인정하고 제한능력자에 관하여 유연성이 있는 보충적 규정을 두며 동시에 대리제도 에 관하여 대리인의 행위능력에 관한 규정을 증가하여 대리인이 제한능력자이더라도 그 주체자격이 영향을 받지 않는다는 것을 명확히 해야 함을 논의한다.

As the subject of civil law, natural person's capacity of expression of intention is an important factor that should be valued, and no capacity of civil conduct is not equal to no capacity of expression of intention. In the civil code of Germany, South Korea, Japan and other countries, the capacity system and agency system that reflect the individual capacity to express will not only recognize the validity of some acts under the premise that the person with no or limited capacity for civil conduct has the capacity to express will, but also do not deny the effect of the agent's external expression of will. On the contrary, China's Civil Code, which came into effect on January 1, 2021, denies the effectiveness of civil legal acts performed by persons without civil capacity in terms of capacity system, has problems of over-protection of persons without civil capacity and ignores their residual capacity to express their will, and admits that the flexible provisions restricting the capacity to express their will are not comprehensive. In the agency system, there is a lack of agent capacity rules, ignoring the situation and rationality of people without civil capacity or limited civil capacity as agents. Based on the conclusion that the reasonable basis for persons with no capacity for civil conduct as agents is insufficient and that persons with limited capacity for civil conduct as agents are highly feasible, this paper proposes to add more flexible provisions for persons with no capacity for civil conduct and persons with limited capacity for civil conduct in the capacity system of the Civil Code. It is suggested to recognize their ability to express their will, supplement the elastic provisions on persons with limited capacity for civil conduct, and add rules on agent capacity in the agency system to clarify that agent subject qualification is not affected by limiting civil capacity.

意思表示能力是自然人作为民法之主体应值得重视的重要因素, 而无民事行为能力并不等同 于无意思表示能力。 在德国、 韩国、 日本等国家的民法典对体现个体意思表示能力的行为能力制度 与代理制度中, 既承认在无民事行为能力人或限制民事行为能力人具有意思表示能力的前提下部 分行为的有效性, 也未否认其作为代理人对外意思表示的效力。 反观中国2021年1月1日施行的《民 法典》, 在行为能力制度方面否认无民事行为能力人实施的民事法律行为效力, 存在过度保护无民 事行为能力人问题以及忽视了其残存的意思表示能力, 同时承认限制民事行为能力人意思表示能 力的弹性规定也不全面。 在代理制度方面缺少代理人行为能力规则, 忽视了无民事行为能力人或限 制民事行为能力人作为代理人对外意思表示的情况与合理性。 本文将通过分析代理人行为能力规 则的相关问题, 基于无民事行为能力人作为代理人的合理依据不充足和限制民事行为能力人作为 代理人具有极强可行性的结论, 提出在《民法典》的行为能力制度中为无民事行为能力人增加同限 制民事行为能力人的弹性规定, 承认其一定的意思表示能力、 对限制民事行为能力人的弹性规定进 行补充, 并在代理制度中增加代理人行为能力规则, 明确代理人主体资格不因其为限制民事行为能 力而受影响的完善建议。

In this paper, we study precoding techniques for co-channel interference suppression in multiuser MIMO systems. DPC is optimal techniques to achieve the system capacity of multiuser MIMO downlink channels. DPC is not proper in practical wireless systems because complexity is very high. So block diagonal precoding for multiuser MIMO downlink channel is studied. The block diagonal precoding is used to suppress co-channel interference between multiuser. Block diagonal precoding method, whose complexity is reduced by modified null space operation, change multiuser MIMO channel to multiple single-user MIMO channel. We also use V-BLAST decoder in receiver. V-BLAST decoder can achieve increased system capacity in proportion to the number of users. We show improved system performance by using computer simulation.

이 논문에서는 우리나라에서 인공 지열 저류층 생성 기술을 통한 지열발전 타당성 예비 연구 차원에서pilot plant의 발전용량, 소요비용 및 기간을 추정하였다. 포항지역의 실제 관측 지온증가율 33℃/km를 적용할경우, 5 km 깊이에서 지하 암반의 온도는 180℃가 된다. 이로 부터 지열수 생산온도와 주입온도를 각각 155℃와60℃, binary 발전 열효율을 0.11로 가정하였다. 생산정 2개, 주입정 1개로 이루어진 triplet 시스템에서 생산정당 지열수 유량을 최소 20 kg/sec, 최대 40 kg/sec로 가정하면 발전용량은 각각 1.7 MW와 3.5 MW급으로 추정된다. 현재의 기술개발 추세를 감안할 경우, 3.5 MW급의 pilot plant 건설이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 투자비용은유럽 및 미국의 자료에 근거해서 우리나라에서 필요한 부지선정 및 각종 관측망 건설비용 등을 고려할 때 약1,000억원이 소요될 것으로 추산되며, 프로젝트 소요 기간은 6.5-7년으로 추정된다.

We estimated the generation capacity and corresponding cost and period of pilot plant project with enhanced geothermal system in Korea as a preliminary feasibility study. Production and reinjection temperatures of geothermal fluid were assumed 155℃ and 60℃, respectively, based on reservoir temperature of 180℃calculated from the geothermal gradient of 33℃/km in Pohang area. Thermal efficiency of the binary generation cycle was set to 0.11. Flow rates of 20 kg/sec and 40 kg/sec per well of a triplet system enabled us to estimate the generation capacity of 1.7 MW and 3.5 MW, respectively. Considering technology development trend, we expect the higher generation capacity of 3.5 MW to be achievable. Cost for the pilot plant project is estimated to be 100 billion KRW with help of European and US estimations and including the cost of site selection and monitoring system, while corresponding period to be 6.5-7 years.

본 논문에서는 HDR-WPAN(high data rate wireless personal area network) 시스템에서 TCM-128QAM 변조 방식과 25MHz. 대역폭 확장을 통한 전송용량 향상 방안을 제안하였다. TCM-128QAM의 변조방식을 사용하였을 경우, 15MHz의 대역폭에서 최대 66Mbps의 전송속도를 나타낼 수 있지만, roll-off 계수 ${\alpha}=0.35$으로 하고 대역폭을 25MHz로 확장하였을 경우, 최대 110Mbps의 전송속도를 나타낼 수 있다. 이 같은 결과를 PSD(power spectrum density) 분석 및 BER(bit error rate) 성능을 이용하여 확인하였다.

In this paper, we proposed a capacity enhancement method using TCM-128QAM modulation and bandwidth extension of 25MHz in HDR-WPAN (high data rate wireless personal area network) system. In case using TCM-128 QAM modulation scheme, we can obtain maximum 66Mbps transmission rate in bandwidth of 15MHz. If extend bandwidth by 25MHz and roll-off coefficient ${\alpha}=0.35$, we can obtain maximum 110Mbps transmission rate. These results are confirmed through PSD(power spectrum density) analysis and BER (bit error rate) performance.

최근 이동통신 시스템은 WCDMA(wideband code division multiple access)를 기반으로 다양한 멀티미디어 서비스를 지원하고 있다. 2013년 11월 통계에 따르면 국내 이동통신 가입자 수는 피처폰과 스마트폰 사용자를 모두 합하여, 5451만4397명으로 분석되었다. 따라서 이동통신 서비스 이용자는 이미 전체 인구수를 400만 명이상을 추월했다. 이동통신 가입자의 급격한 증가로 인해 이동통신 서비스 망의 운용과 분석은 무엇보다 중요하며, 그에 따른 서비스 품질도 다양하게 연구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 CDMA(code division multiple access)를 기반으로 하는 피처폰과 WCDMA를 기반으로 하는 스마트폰의 안정적인 서비스 지원을 위하여 이동통신망의 채널용량을 산출할 수 있는 시뮬레이터를 구현하고, 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 이동통신 서비스 환경에 따른 다양한 채널용량 특성을 분석하였다.

Recently mobile communication systems have supported various multimedia services based on wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA). In November 2013, the statistics reported that the domestic subscriber number of mobile communication systems was totally 54 million 514 thousand 397 in using feature phones and smart phones. Therefore, the user number of mobile communication services has surpassed over 4 million rather than the whole number of population. The sharp increase of the mobile user number has made the network management and analysis for mobile communication services more important than before. Besides, the service quality has been studied in various ways. This paper has implemented the simulator calculating the channel capacity of mobile communication systems to support secure and stable services for both feature phones on CDMA and smart phones on WCDMA. By using the simulator, this paper has analyzed the characteristics of the various channel capacity in mobile communication environments.

디지털 통신 네트워크 기술의 발전에서 인터넷 기술과 스마트 홈 가전기기의 확산은 고속/고품질 홈 네트워크에 대한 필요성을 증가시키고 있다. 홈 네트워크에서 가전기기와 컴퓨팅 기기가 증가함에 따라 홈 네트워크의 데이터 트래픽은 증가할 것이 명백하다. 다양한 홈 네트워크 기기는 멀티미디어 콘텐츠를 얻기 위하여 인터넷 서버에 접속하길 원한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 가정내에서 이더넷이나 유무선 기술을 사용하기 위해 네트워크에 연결된 디지털 가전기기를 위한 TLC(Telephone Line Carrier) 시스템을 소개한다. 미래의 홈 네트워크 환경에서 TLC 기반의 스마트 홈 네트워크의 주된 목적은 저가격, 쉬운 설치, 고성능, 넓은 영역을 만드는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 스마트 홈 네트워크를 위한 전화선로 통신시스템의 채널용량을 송신전력, OFDM 반송파의 수, 채널손실, 잡음손실에 따라서 정량적으로 비교, 분석하였다.

The advances in the digital communication and network technology, Internet technology and the proliferation of smart appliances in home, have dramatically increased the need for a high speed/high quality home network. As consumer electronic devices and computing devices are increasing in the home network, it is obvious that the data traffic of home network increases as well. Various home network devices want to access Internet servers to get multimedia contents. Therefore, we introduce TLC(Telephone Line Carrier) system for networked digital consumer electronic appliances within a house using Ethernet or wire/wireless technology. In the future home network environment, the primary purposes of the smart home network based TLC are to create low-cost, easily deployable, high performance, and wide coverage throughout the home. In this paper, the channel capacity of telephone line communication system is evaluated and compared as a function of transmission power, number of OFDM carrier, channel loss, and noise loss for smart home network.

본 연구는 급변하는 시장환경에서 기업의 의사결정에 영향을 미치는 요인을 찾기 위해 직원들이 지각한 조직공정성과 정보시스템 품질이 흡수역량을 통하여 의사결정의 질에 미치는 영향 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 중소기업 직원들을 대상으로 239부의 설문데이터를 수집하였고, SPSS 22.0과 PLS 3.0을 사용하여 연구가설을 검증하였다. 연구결과 조직공정성과 정보시스템 품질이 흡수역량에 개별적으로 정(+)의 영향을 나타내었고, 흡수역량은 의사결정의 질에 정(+)의 영향을 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통하여 조직공정성과 정보시스템 품질이 흡수역량의 선행요인이 되는 이론적 토대를 마련하였고, 인적자원에 동기부여가 되는 조직공정성과 정보시스템 품질에 대한 종합적인 분석을 통하여 중소기업의 의사결정의 질을 높여 경쟁력을 확보하는 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 제시하고자 하였다. 향후 연구에서는 정보시스템 품질에 대한 추가적인 연구과 의사결정의 질로 인한 성과부분에 다양한 연구가 필요하다.

This study tries to examine the impact relationship between the organizational justice perceived by the employees and the information system quality on the decision quality through absorption capabilities in order to find the factors that influences the corporate decision making in the rapidly changing market environment. With regards to this, 239 copies of survey data were collected subjecting the employees of the SMEs, and the hypothesis of this study was verified using SPSS 22.0 and PLS 3.0. As the result of the study, the organizational justice and information system quality has individually shown a positive (+) effect on the absorption capability, and the absorption capability has shown positive (+) effect on the decision quality. Through this study, a theological foundation for the organizational justice and information system quality was prepared as a prerequisite for the absorption capacity, and this study targets to suggest a theological and practical implications which secures the competitiveness by increasing the decision quality of the SMEs through comprehensive analysis of the organizational justice and information system quality which motivates the human resource. Future study requires additional research regarding the information system quality and finds various studies on the performance part due to necesssary decision quality.

There are two methodologies to increase transport capacity of railway. One is to invest railroad equipment or vehicles, and the other is to improve operation efficiency through optimization. All of these is intended to increase transport capacity by improving the line capacity. So far, we treat the line capacity as the criteria for evaluating investment alternatives or for restricting train frequencies, and this criteria is calculated statical and experimental numerical formula. But, line capacity has special attribute that changes dynamically according to operational conditions, so there is a need of new line capacity estimation system. The Purpose of this paper is to present a new estimation system of line capacity based on the probability simulation and its applications.

In the present study, a calorimeter was used to experimentally investigate the cooling capacity and COP changes according to the pipe length of a variable capacity A/C system with long pipes. Cooling capacity, COP, and compressor discharge temperature were obtained by changing pipe length and loading duty. And the operation status and cycle change process of the A/C system were investigated using some experimental data and P-h diagrams. In long pipes, the pressure drop increases and the operating load on the compressor increases. Additionally, at the same loading duty, cooling capacity and COP decrease and the compressor discharge temperature increases. As loading duty increases, cooling capacity and compressor power consumption increase. Since the temperature deviation between the experimental value and the correlation equation for the discharge temperature of the long-pipe compressor shows a maximum of 10.5℃(50m, L/D : 20/0), the existing correlation equation needs to be modified.

In the present study, a calorimeter was used to experimentally investigate the cooling capacity and COP changes according to the pipe length of a variable capacity A/C system with long pipes. Cooling capacity, COP, and compressor discharge temperature were obtained by changing pipe length and loading duty. And the operation status and cycle change process of the A/C system were investigated using some experimental data and P-h diagrams. In long pipes, the pressure drop increases and the operating load on the compressor increases. Additionally, at the same loading duty, cooling capacity and COP decrease and the compressor discharge temperature increases. As loading duty increases, cooling capacity and compressor power consumption increase. Since the temperature deviation between the experimental value and the correlation equation for the discharge temperature of the long-pipe compressor shows a maximum of 10.5℃(50m, L/D : 20/0), the existing correlation equation needs to be modified.