Earticle

[목적] 이 연구는 골프장 방문객 불만에 대한 회복노력, 공정성, 회복성과의 구조적 관계를 규명하여 골프장의 효율적인 운영과 골프인구의 이탈을 방지할 수 있는 방안을 모색하는데 있어 필요한 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. [방법] 이를 위해 골프장 방문객 중 골프장에 불만을 제기한 경험이 있는 고객을 모집단으로 설정하고 2023년 9월에서 10월사이 수도권 지역의 골프장 방문객 300명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사를 실시하기 전 방문객에게 골프장에 대한 불만사항을 직접적으로 제기한 적이 있는지 확인한 후 설문조사를 실시하였다. 배포된 설문지 중 282부를 최종분석에 활용하였다. [결과] 첫째, 골프장 방문객 불만에 대한 회복노력은 공정성에 정적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 골프장 방문객 불만에 대한 회복노력은 회복성과에 정적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 골프장 방문객이 지각한 공정성은 회복성과에 정적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 최근 골프장을 방문하고 있는 방문객들의 불만이 늘어나면서 골프에 대한 이탈현상으로 나타나고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 골프장의 관계회복에 대한 서비스회복노력과 공정성회복은 골프인구의 이탈을 줄일 수 있는 하나의 방안이 될 수 있을 것이라 생각한다.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to provide basic data necessary to find ways to prevent the efficient operation of golf courses and the departure of the golf population by identifying the structural relationship between recovery efforts, fairness, and recovery performance for golf course visitor complaints. [Method] To this end, 300 golf course visitors in the metropolitan area were surveyed between September and October 2023, with customers who had complained to the golf course as the population. Before conducting the survey, the survey was conducted after checking whether visitors had ever directly raised complaints about the golf course. 282 copies of the distributed questionnaire were used for the final analysis. [Results] First, recovery efforts for golf course visitor complaints were found to have a positive effect on fairness. Second, recovery efforts for golf course visitor complaints were found to have a positive effect on recovery performance. Third, it was found that the fairness perceived by visitors to the golf course had a positive effect on recovery performance. [Conclusion] Recently, more and more complaints from visitors visiting golf courses have emerged as a departure from golf. In this situation, I think that service recovery efforts and fairness recovery for golf course relationship recovery can be one way to reduce the departure of the golf population.

Background: Cows have an increased need for energy after calving due to milk production for nursing calves and the recovery of reproductive performance. Blood metabolites are associated with the reproductive ability of primiparous Hanwoo cows, but the relationship between changes in blood metabolite concentrations and reproductive ability remains unclear. The present study investigated the relationship between changes in blood metabolites from 2 to 5 weeks after calving and the recovery of reproductive ability in primiparous Hanwoo cows. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 26 primiparous Hanwoo cows of average body condition score 3.0 (range, 1-5) weekly from 2 to 7 weeks postpartum and at the time of estrus, and the concentrations of blood metabolites were measured. Changes in blood metabolite concentrations were found to be associated with the recovery of reproductive function after calving. Results: The concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 3 to 4 weeks after calving were significantly associated with the first days of ovulation. Ovulation resumed when the average NEFA concentration reached 199.0 μEq/L, and the first normal estrus cycle was established when the average total cholesterol (T-Chol) concentration reached 169.1 mg/dL. Conclusions: Metabolic status 3 to 4 weeks postpartum influenced the resumption of estrus and ovulation in primiparous Hanwoo cows. Furthermore, increased T-Chol concentration was associated with the initiation of a normal estrus cycle.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the combined re-covery method of cold water immersion (CWI) and protein supplement intake after eccentric exercise that causes muscle fatigue in elite soc-cer players. Eleven semiprofessional soccer players participated in this study. Participants were divided into CWI group, combined protein and CWI group (PCWI), and passive resting group (CON). The participants completed the eccentric exercise for one hour and performed one of three recovery methods. The muscle strength of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles significantly decreased at 48-hr postexercise com-pared to before exercise in all recovery groups (P<0.05), with no signifi-cantly different between the recovery groups. The time required to sprint 40 m was significantly longer in all groups at 24 hr and 48 hr after exercise than before exercise (P<0.05). The vertical jump height was significantly decreased at 48 hr after exercise compared to before ex-ercise in the CON and CWI groups (P<0.05). The muscle soreness val-ues were higher at 6 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr after exercise than before exer-cise in all groups (P<0.001). The perceived recovery quality was re-duced after exercise in the PCWI (P<0.01) and CON groups (P<0.001) compared to before exercise; it was unchanged in the CWI group. The recovery quality decreased at 6 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr after exercise in all recovery groups (P<0.01). In conclusion, the combined recovery meth-od was less effective than CWI alone for the recovery of exercise per-formance.

This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effects of foam rolling (FR) recovery tool on oxidative stress biomarkers and sport-spe-cific performance in male and female water polo (WP) players during a 7-week competitive period. The study also explored sex-based differ-ences to guide tailored recovery strategies. Thirty-four WP players were recruited, with 27 completing the protocol (13 males and 14 fe-males), and randomly assigned to a foam roller group or a control group (CG). Testing was conducted pre- and postintervention, measuring in-water boost, throwing speed, 20-m sprint swim, and oxidative stress biomarkers: Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), glutathione, oxida-tive damage in proteins (ODPs), total thiols. Dietary intake was evaluat-ed via a validated food frequency questionnaire in week 6. The FR posi-tively influenced throwing speed (P=0.021) and antioxidant capacity in male players (FRAP, P=0.006). However, no significant improvements in sprint or boost performance were observed in females, with ODP in-creasing in both sexes, particularly in CG females (P<0.001). Regres-sion analyses showed that FRAP improvements significantly predicted 20-m sprint performance (P=0.027 for females, P=0.043 for males). Di-etary analysis revealed adequate protein and antioxidant intake but suboptimal carbohydrate consumption. These findings suggest that FR may enhance specific performance outcomes and antioxidant capacity, particularly in male WP players, though its effect on oxidative damage appears limited. Managing oxidative stress through recovery tools like FR and nutritional strategies remains essential for optimizing perfor-mance in high-intensity team sports.

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships among fatigue, personal accomplishment, job satisfaction, job performance and service recovery performance of flight attendant. Based on this aim, the data is collected form the flight attendants who are engaged in airline work at two major airlines in Korea. The main results are as follows; First, fatigue has positive influence with job satisfaction. Second, personal accomplishment has a positive effect on job satisfaction. Therefore, it could improve flight attendant's concentration and goal consciousness and promote the efficiency on duty. Third, job satisfaction has statistically significant effect on job performance and service recovery performance. This study can conclude that flight attendants' positive perspective on their duty increases job performance and service recovery performance. That is, active attitude on duty can improve flight attendant's satisfaction and relationship with customers. and finally escalate flight attendants' satisfaction and service recovery performance.

본 연구는 호텔 서비스 실패 이후 고객-브랜드 관계가 고객지각 서비스 회복성과를 어떻게 형성하는지를 검토한다. 본 연구의 맥락은 단순한 서비스 실패 경험이나 실패에 대한 고객의 관용이 아니라, 고객이 호텔 서비스 실패를 경험하고 호텔의 회복 대응도 실제로 수행된 이후의 평가 상황이다. 이에 서비스 회복성과는 호텔이 실패를 효과적으로 처리했는지, 문제 해결을 위해 충분히 노력했는지, 그리고 회복 대응이 전반적으로 만족스러웠는지에 대한 고객의 사후 평가로 조작화하였다. 구체적으로 본 연구는 브랜드 충성도와 브랜드 애착이 서비스 회복성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 대안매력도의 조절효과를 검증하였다. 호텔 서비스 실패와 회복 대응을 모두 경험한 고객 221명의 온라인 설문자료를 바탕으로 위계적 OLS 회귀분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과, 브랜드 충성도와 브랜드 애착은 모두 서비스 회복성과에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 대안매력도는 서비스 회복성과에 직접적으로 정(+)의 영향을 보였으나, 브랜드 충성도와 서비스 회복성과 간 관계는 부정적으로 조절하였다. 단순기울기 분석 결과, 브랜드 충성도의 효과는 대안매력도가 낮거나 평균 수준일 때 유의했지만, 높은 수준에서는 유의하지 않았다. 반면 대안매력도는 브랜드 애착과 서비스 회복성과 간 관계를 유의하게 조절하지 않았다. 본 연구는 서비스 회복 이후 평가에서 고객-브랜드 관계가 중요한 해석틀로 작동하며, 충성도 기반 회복평가는 경쟁 대안 지각에 취약한 반면 애착 기반 회복평가는 상대적으로 안정적일 수 있음을 제시한다.

This study examines how customer-brand relationships shape customer-perceived service recovery performance following hotel service failures. Focusing on customers who experienced both a service failure and the hotel’s subsequent recovery response, service recovery performance is conceptualized as customers’ post-recovery evaluation of whether the hotel handled the failure effectively, made sufficient efforts to resolve the problem, and delivered an overall satisfactory recovery response. Specifically, the study investigates the effects of brand loyalty and brand attachment on service recovery performance and tests the moderating role of alternative attractiveness. Using online survey data from 221 hotel customers, the study employs hierarchical OLS regression. The results show that both brand loyalty and brand attachment positively influence service recovery performance. Alternative attractiveness has a positive direct effect but negatively moderates the relationship between brand loyalty and service recovery performance. Simple slope analysis indicates that the effect of brand loyalty is significant when alternative attractiveness is low or at the mean level, but becomes non-significant when alternative attractiveness is high. By contrast, alternative attractiveness does not significantly moderate the relationship between brand attachment and service recovery performance. These findings suggest that customer-brand relationships remain important in post-recovery evaluations, but loyalty-based recovery evaluations are more vulnerable to perceived competitive alternatives, whereas attachment-based evaluations appear relatively stable.

본 연구는 국내 저품위 흑연광 두 종류(봉화 및 가평)를 대상으로 전통적인 선광 공정을 적용하여 고품위 흑연 정광을 생산하는 방법에대하여 수행하였다. 두 지역에서 채굴된 흑연 원광의 물리적, 화학적 특성을 비교하였으며, 전통적인 선광 공정에 의해 얻어진 흑연 정광의 품위, 회수율, 수율 그리고 부광비를 평가하였다. 실험 결과, 가평 흑연광은 상대적으로 낮은 탄소 품위에도 불구하고 동일한 공정 및조건에서 봉화 흑연광보다 높은 회수율 그리고 부광비를 보였으며, 이것은 원광의 광물 구성에 의해 기인한 것으로 판단된다. 게다가, 부유선별 공정에서 투입되는 억제제와 포수제에 따라 적절한 조건을 도출하였다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 도출된 결과는 국내 저품위 흑연광으로부터 상업적 활용 잠재 가능성을 가지기 위한 최적의 선광 공정을 설계하기 위한 기초인자로서 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단한다.

This study was conducted to produce high-grade graphite concentrate by applying the traditional beneficiation process to two types of low-grade graphite ores in Bonghwa and Gapyeong regions of Korea. The physicochemical properties of graphite ores mined from the two areas were compared each other, and the grade, recovery, yield, and enrichment ratio of graphite concentrate obtained by a traditional beneficiation process were evaluated. The experimental results revealed that Gapyeong graphite ore exhibited higher recovery and enrichment ratio compared to Bonghwa graphite ore under the identical processes and conditions, despite its relatively low carbon quality. This was attributed to the ore species composition. Additionally, optimal conditions were derived based on the distribution of mineral species and the selection of appropriate depressants and collectors in the flotation process. The findings of this study provide fundamental insights for designing optimal beneficiation processes to enhance the commercial utilization potential of low-grade graphite ores in Korea.

본 연구는 서비스회복 수행, 불평처리만족, 관계지속의도와의 관계를 설명하는 기초모델을 구축하고 이 모델에서 작용하는 거래/관계적 특성의 매개 및 조절적 역할을 검토한다. 선행 연구를 통해 결과가 입증된 서비스회복 변수관계에 직접효과 가설 3개(서비스회복→불평처리만족, 불평처리만족→전환비용, 불평처리만족→관계지속의도)를 추가함으로써 기초모델을 구성한 후, 친숙성과 구매방법을 서비스회복과 불평처리만족 관계 사이의 조절 및 매개변수로, 그리고 구매방법과 전환비용은 불평처리만족과 관계지속의도 사이에서 조절변수와 개변수의 역할을 하고 있음을 제안한다. 고객이 보낸 불평편지에 대한 기업의 응답 결과에 대한 평가를 바탕으로 실시한 실증분석에서 본 연구의 제안모델은 대체로 만족스러운 결과를 보였다. 주요 변수인 서비스회복 수행은 불평처리만족에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 불평처리만족은 거래관계 특성인 전환비용에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며 전환비용은 관계지속의도에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 실패 회복에서 고객이 지각한 공정성은 서비스회복 수행과 불평처리만족사이에서, 전환비용은 불평처리만족과 관계지속의도사이에서 각각 부분매개 역할을 하고 있음을 확인하였다. 그리고 또 다른 관계 특성인 친밀감은 서비스회복 수행과 불평처리만족사이의 관계에서 조절변수의 역할을 하였다. 거래특성인 구매방법에 따라 서비스회복 수행이 불평처리만족에 미치는 영향은 유의미하게 나타났으며, 불평처리만족과 관계지속의도, 전환비용과 관계지속의도의 관계에 있어서도 유의미한 차별성을 보여주었다.

This paper proposes a service recovery (base) model that explains the effects of service recovery performance (SRP) on complaint-handling satisfaction (CHS) and relationship continuity intention (RCI), and it investigates the transaction/relationship characteristics that moderate and mediate the relationships among the variables in the base model. In the base model, we add three hypotheses to the replication relationships that have been confirmed in the previous studies. We consider intimacy and purchase mode (online, offline) as the moderating variables for the relationship between SRP and CHS, and purchase mode as another moderator for the relationship between CHS and RCI and the relationship between switching cost and RCI. Fairness and switching cost are also evaluated for their mediation roles in the linkages SRP→CHS and CHS→RCI, respectively. In the empirical studies that used questionnaire responses from 1,352 participants of customer complaint campaign, the result shows a good fitness of base model to the actual data and strong statistical significance in three hypotheses (SRP→CHS, CHS→RCI, switching →RCI) that have not enough explored. It is an interesting finding that once customer's complaint has been handled satisfactorily, it becomes a important source for increasing switching cost. It is found that fairness plays a partial mediation role in relationship between SRP and CHS, while switching cost does in the relationship between CHS and RCI. The intimacy and purchase mode are found to be a effective factor moderating the linkage SRP to complaint handling satisfaction. Another notable finding is that purchase mode not only works differently in influencing between CHS and RCI but also plays between switching cost and RCI.

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the structural relationship between the degree of their empowerment, stress coping strategies, emotional exhaustion, and recovery services and front-line staff turnover intention and a sample of the material-star hotels in Seoul. In particular, the perception of the customer verbal emotional exhaustion, exhaustion and emotional impact on the degree of separation performance and service recovery attempts to analyze the influence of service recovery performance and turnover intention. Customer verbal emotion-focused coping strategy is poured into (-) influence of emotion-focused coping strategies had a positive effect on emotional exhaustion. Empowerment is having a positive effect on problem-focused coping strategies and service recovery performance, emotional exhaustion, the sub-investigation was to influence the (+). Violence customer language having a positive effect on emotional exhaustion, emotional exhaustion unit for service recovery performance (-) affect of the uijik There was also a positive effect (+). When viewing based on the analysis above, the hospitality to achieve competitive advantage under the fierce business environment, competition day as particularly tourist hotels of the company and maintain in order to be proactive service recovery efforts of staff urgently required reduction in the turnover rate of employees excellent staff It shall prevent the departure.

[목적] 본 연구는 대학골프 선수들의 운동량이 증가함에 따라 나타나는 피로, 부상 등을 관리하고 경기력의 향상 및 유지를 위한 방법으로, 골프 특성에 맞는 효과적인 회복운동을 제시하기 위해 실시되었다. [방법] 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 골프선수 8명을 대상으로 무처치, 걷기, 스트레칭, 폼 롤러 회복운동을 구분하고 교차 적용하여 체간 회전 가동범위, 반동 동작 점프(CMJ), 드라이버 수행력, 라운딩 스코어를 측정하였으며, 회복운동 방법 간의 차이를 알아보기 위해 Kruskal-Wallis test를 실시하였다. [결과] 본 연구의 결과를 살펴보면, 드라이버 수행력에서 폼 롤링 회복운동이 무처치 집단에 비해 클럽헤드스피드(p<.05), 볼 스피드(p<.05), 볼 비행거리(p<.01), 총 비거리(p<.05)에서 통계 적으로 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났으며, 스트레칭 적용 시에도 볼 비행거리(p<.05)에서 통계적으로 유의한 결과가 나타났다. 체간 회전가동범위와 반동동작점프, 라운딩 스코어에는 회복운동에 따른 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. [결론] 골프 선수들의 경기력 향상을 위한 방법으로 폼 롤러를 활용한 회복운동이 효과적이라 판단되며, 추후에는 수준별, 성별, 연령 등을 고려하여 중장기적 효과에 대한 검증과 부상예방 효과에 대한 연구가 필요할 것이다.

[Purpose] This study was conducted to suggest an effective recovery method for improving the performance of college golf players. [Method] In order to achieve the purpose of this study, 8 college golf players were recruited and divided into Walking, Stretching, Foam roller recovery exercises and control group, the study design was crossover type. Trunk rotation range of motion, muscle power and fatigue (CMJ), driver performance, and rounding score were measured. Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to determine the difference between the recovery exercise methods. [Result] As a result of this study, driver performance, the foam rolling recovery exercise showed statistically significant increase in club head speed (p<.05), ball speed (p<.05), carry (p<.01), and total distance (p<.05) compared with control group, for stretching was applied, statistically significant results were found in the carry (p<.05) compared with control group. There was no significant difference according to the recovery exercise in the trunk rotation range, CMJ, and rounding score. [Conclusion] Recovery exercise using foam rollers is considered to be effective as a method for improving golf players' performance. In the future, it is necessary to verify the mid- to long-term effects and study the effects of injury prevention in consideration of level, gender, and age.

본 연구는 빠른 체중감량과 회복시간 전략이 레슬링 선수의 경기력 변수와 생화학적 요인 지표에 미치는 영향을 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 방법: 연구 기준에 부합하는 20명의 피험자 레슬링 선수를 참가자로 선정하고 무작위로 빠른 체중 감량 그룹(RWL, n=10)과 회복 시간 전략 그룹(RWLR, n=10)으로 배정하였다. 각 그룹은 5일 동안 각각의 급속한 체중 감소를 하였다. 회복 시간 전략 그룹은 체중 감량 후 6시간의 회복 기간을 . 빠른 체중감소군과 회복시간군 전후에 수행능력 변수와 생화학적 요인 지표를 측정하였다. 결과: 5일 간의 빠른 체중 감량 및 회복 시간 개입 후, RWL군과 RWLR군 간에 BW(F=318.36, p<.000), BF(F=7.082, p<.0022), SMM(F=7.082, p<.024; F=7.337, p<.022), LBM(F=69.054, p<.00)에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 급격한 체중감량 후 RWL군과 RWLR군은 악력(F=88.078, p<.002), 유연성(F=34.400, p<.000), 총콜레스테롤(F=18.986, p<.001), LDL-C(F=24.691, p<.001), 포도당 (F=24.540, p<.001; F=10.368, p<.009) 및 SOD(F=12.843, p<.005; F=8.581, p<.015). 결론: 빠른 체중 감량 회 복 시간 전략 개입은 레슬링 선수의 성능 변수 및 신체 손상 감소에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타냈다. 시합 전에 레슬링 선수는 무분별하게 시합 전에 급격한 체중 감량을 하기보다는 빠른 체중 감량 회복 시간을 가지는 것이다.

This study aims to explore the effects of rapid weight loss and recovery time strategies on performance variables and biochemical factor indicators in wrestlers. Methods: Twenty subjects wrestlers, who met the study criteria were selected as participants and randomly assigned to the rapid weight loss(RWL, n=10) and recovery time strategies group(RWLR, n=10). Each group followed their respective rapid weight loss for 5days. Recovery time strategies group had a recovery period of 6 hours after weight loss. Performance variables and biochemical factor indicators were measured before and after the rapid weight loss group and recovery time group. Results: After 5days of rapid weight loss and recovery time interventions, significant differences were between the RWL and RWLR group in BW(F=318.36, p<.000), BF(F=7.082, p<.0022), SMM(F=7.082, p<.024; F=7.337, p<.022), LBM(F=69.054, p<.000). After completion of the rapid weight loss, significant differences were observed between the RWL and RWLR group in grip strength(F=88.078, p<.002), flexibility(F=34.400, p<.000), total cholesterol(F=18.986, p<.001), LDL-C(F=24.691, p<.001), glucose(F=24.540, p<.001; F=10.368, p<.009), and SOD(F=12.843, p<.005; F=8.581, p<.015). Conclusion: A rapid weight loss recovery times strategies intervention are effective for performance variables and reducing body damage in wrestlers. prior to competition, wrestlers should be have rapid weight loss recovery time, rather than indiscreet undergo rapid weight loss prior to competition.

본 연구는 모바일 소셜 커머스에서 서비스 회복 노력의 공정성이 대고객 관계성과에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 인지적 신뢰, 감정적 신뢰와 함께 서비스 회복 후 만족을 대고객 관계성과로 규정하였으며, 모바일 소셜 커머스에서 서비스 실패를 경험한 소비자들을 대상으로 한 설문조사 결과를 토대로 구성개념들 간의 관계를 공분산구조모형 분석을 통하여 확인하였다. 가설검증 결과, 서비스 회복 노력의 공정성 3가지 모두는 인지적 신뢰에 유의한 영향을 미치는 반면, 감정적 신뢰에는 절차 공정성만이 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 인지적 신뢰와 감정적 신뢰는 회복 후 만족에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구결과는 전자상거래 분야의 연구에서 최근 각광받고 있는 모바일 소셜 커머스를 대상으로 서비스 실패를 경험한 고객들과의 관계유지 및 개선을 위한 시사점을 제공하고, 서비스 회복 노력의 성과인 회복 후 만족을 향상시킬 수 있는 유용한 전략으로 활용될 것이다.

This paper aims to examine the effects of perceived justice of service recovery efforts on the customer relationship performance in mobile social commerce. To this end, we classified cognitive-affective trusts and post-recovery satisfaction into the customer relationship performance. This research employs a field survey of customers who experienced service failures in mobile social commerce and a covariance structural model analysis in order to test hypotheses of our research model. The findings present that all justices of service recovery efforts positively affect the cognitive trust, whereas the only procedural justice significantly influences the affective trust. In addition, the results show that cognitive-affective trusts have a positive effect on the post-recovery satisfaction. Our results suggest practical implications that are used to help managers maintain and improve relations with the customers who experienced service failures and to increase the post-recovery satisfaction.

본 연구는 코로나19와 같은 외부성이 존재하는 상황에서 기업의 혁신활동 및 혁신성과를 지속할 수 있는 정 부의 정책효과를 분석하고자 하였으며 특히, 고위기술제조업의 혁신성과 창출 요인과 정부의 정책효과를 실증 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 과학기술정책연구원의 ‘2020년 한국기업혁신조사 제조업 부문’을 사용하였고 연 구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 혁신활동을 나타내는 주요 변수들(특허출원, 기술 전유성, R&D역량)은 기업의 혁 신성과(제품혁신성과)에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며 기술 전유성의 경우, High-tech 집단이 All-tech 집단보다 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 코로나19 상황에서 정부의 경제회복정책은 모든 모형에서 긍 정적인 효과를 가져오는 것으로 분석되었으나 High-tech 집단의 정책효과가 상대적으로 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 코로나19 상황에서 혁신활동의 주요 변수들과 정부의 경제회복정책 간의 상호작용효과는 기업의 혁신성 과에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으나 기술 수준별로 효과의 수준이 차이가 나는 것으로 분석되었다. 특히, 특허출원과 같은 혁신을 보호하는 권리행위는 High-tech 집단보다 All-tech 집단에서 더 큰 효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났으나 기술 전유성과 같은 기술보호체계 또는 혁신보호전략 등과의 상호작용효과는 High-tech 집 단에서 월등히 높게 나타났다. 이는 High-tech 집단은 지식재산권과 같은 권리행위보다는 경쟁기업으로부터 자 신의 핵심적인 가치와 기술을 보호하는 전유장치체계를 구축하는 것에 더 집중한다고 해석할 수 있다. 그 밖에 도, 본 연구는 기업의 혁신활동 및 혁신성과 창출을 위한 실무적 경영전략 등도 제시하였다.

This paper attempts to analyze the effect of the government policy on sustaining the innovation activity and performance in high-tech firms within the impact of negative externalities such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The main purposes of this paper are to explore the process of creating innovation performance in high-tech firms and to compare the effect of government policy implications on the economic recovery between average-tech and high-tech firms. First, the research findings show that the significant variables, which represent the main factors of innovation activities such as patent applications, appropriability, and R&D competencies, have a positive relationship with innovation performance. Especially in appropriability, it shows that high-tech firms have a more impact on innovation performance than average-tech firms. Second, during the circumstance of the COVID-19 pandemic, the government policy for economic recoveries such as tax reduction, emergency funds support, and financial subsidies has a positive impact on product innovation performance. However, it has a higher level of policy impact on high-tech firms than on average-tech firms. Third, the empirical test results show that the moderating effects between the three main factors of innovation activities and the government policy for COVID-19 have a positive and significant impact on innovation performance. Within the context of the level of technology, high-tech firms have a more interaction impact on innovation performance via appropriability and R&D competencies, except for patent applications such as IPRs. In general, high-tech firms prefer constructing the appropriability mechanism for protecting their innovation resources and main technologies from competitors to registering their IPRs because it gives more effective results to the firms.

Toxic chemical substances as Formaldehyde(HCHO) and Volatile Organic Compound(VOCs) came from high air-tightening for energy saving and indoor building materials has been causing a trouble such as making negative influenza to the resident's respiratory system or causing unbalanced human bodies. Therefore, it established new regulation of ventilator installation standards that secures comfortable & safety Indoor Air Quality(IAQ) which discharges the indoor toxic chemical substances more quickly. In this study, we will research to grope the efficiency enlargement plan by comparing & analyzing the efficiency that comes out from material differences of element core spacer. The result of this study was as follows ; (1) Leak amount came out was 10% rate that correspond JIS research standard. (2) It is needed to decide the right spacer for element core by finding the best fit point in relation of efficiency and intensity dependent of spacer's CaCl2 content to design most suitable element core. (3) Pressure losses became increased during increments of passing airflow, and pressure loss got enlarged because the thick A-Type spacer made more smaller air gap which lets air thorough.

본 연구에서는 전열교환 및 바닥매립 환기시스템의 적용시 냉·난방기 외기온 변화에 따른 실내 송풍온도를 도출하였다. 또한 도출된 결과를 이용하여 환기로 인해 손실되는 열량을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 1) 전열교환 환기시스템의 실내 송풍온도는 냉방기에 평균 25.91℃, 난방기에 평균 17.50℃로 나타났다. 난방기 최저 외기온도 -15℃에서도 영상의 송풍온도를 나타냈다. 2) 바닥매립 환기시스템의 실내 송풍온도는 냉방기에 평균 25.08℃, 난방기에 평균 22.04℃로 나타났다. 3) 전열교환 환기시스템의 손실열량은 냉방기의 경우 -16.29~-35.69Wh, 난방기의 경우 53.19~117.83Wh로 나타났다. 제1종 환기방식 대비 평균 74.27% 에너지 절약적인 것으로 나타났다. 4) 바닥매립 환기시스템의 총 손실열량을 계산해 보면 냉방기 -46.33~-126.38Wh, 난방기 235.35~520.38Wh로 제1종 환기방식과 근소한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 5) 전열교환 환기시스템과 바닥매립 환기시스템의 손실열량을 비교해보면 전열교환 환기시스템이 바닥매립 환기시스템 대비 평균 74.87% 에너지 절약적인 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과 환기시스템의 적용에 따른 냉·난방 에너지의 손실을 최소화하기 위해서는 전열교환 환기시스템의 적용이 적합한 것으로 나타났다.

In this study, the indoor supplied temperature according to variation of outdoor temperature in cooling and heating seasons was drawn when the heat recovery system and the floor embedded ventilation system were applied. Besides, the heat loss due to ventilation was analyzed by using the drawn results. The results of the study can be summarized as follows. 1) The indoor supplied temperature of the heat recovery ventilation system was averagely to be 25.91℃ during the cooling season and 17.50℃ for a during the heating season. It showed the supplied temperature above zero even under the lowest outdoor temperature of -15℃. 2) The indoor supplied temperature of the floor embedded ventilation system was averagely to be 25.08℃ during the cooling season and 22.04℃ for a during the heating season. 3) The heat loss of the heat recovery ventilation system was found to be -16.29~-35.69Wh in case of a cooling season and 53.19~117.83Wh in case of a heating season. It was found that it could save the energy of 74.27% on average compared to the Type 1 ventilation system. 4) The heat loss of the floor embedded ventilation system were calculated, it was found to be -46.33~-126.38Wh for a cooling season and 235.35~520.38Wh for a heating season, which similar to the Type 1 ventilation system. 5) Compared the heat loss of the heat recovery ventilation system with that of the floor embedded ventilation system, it was found that the heat recovery ventilation system could save the energy of 74.87% on average compared to the floor embedded ventilation system. As a result of the study, it was shown that the application of the heat recovery ventilation system is appropriate in order to minimize the loss of energy for cooling and heating according to the application of a ventilation system.

The performance of organic Rankine cycle was numerically investigated to recover heat from the exhaust of a heavy-duty diesel engine. Exhaust flow rates and temperatures are obtained from the simulation of diesel cycle by using GT-Power. The net power outputs of organic Rankine cycle for 9 working fluids were calculated by cycle simulations. The results showed that as for the net power outputs and the pressure of working fluids, R21 and R245fa are suitable as working fluids for ORC in diesel engine.

[목적] 이 연구는 골프장 직원의 직무스트레스 회복경험, 혁신행동, 직무열의 및 직무성과의 구조적 관계를 확인하여 골프장의 효율적인 인적자원관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 목적을 두고 연구를 진행하였다. [방법] 이를 위해 경기 및 강원지역 골프장 6개소에 근무하고 있는 골프장 직원 350명을 대상으로 2022년 7월 한달간 설문조사를 실시 하여 최종 321부의 유효표본을 활용하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. [결과] 첫째, 골프장 직원의 직무스트레스 회복경험 은 혁신행동에 정적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 골프장 직원의 직무스트레스 회복경험은 직무열의에 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 골프장직원의 혁신행동의 직무열의에 정적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 골프장 직원의 혁신행동은 직무성과에 정적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 골프장 직원의 직무열의 는 직무성과에 정적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 골프장의 효율적인 운영을 위해서는 숙련된 종사자들의 이탈방지가 필수적이며, 이들의 이탈을 방지하기 위해서는 직원들의 직무스트레스를 감소시켜줄수 있도록 하는 다 양한 경영방침의 도입이 필요할 것이라 생각된다.

[Purpose] This study was conducted with the aim of providing basic data for efficient human resource management of golf courses by confirming the structural relationship between job stress recovery experience, innovation behavior, job enthusiasm, and job performance of golf course employees. [Method] To this end, a month-long survey of 350 golf course employees working at six golf courses in Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do was conducted in July 2022 and the following results were obtained using the effective sample of 321 copies. [Results] First, it was found that the job stress recovery experience of golf course employees had a positive effect on innovation behavior. Second, it was found that the job stress recovery experience of golf course employees had a positive effect on job enthusiasm. Third, it was found that the innovation behavior of golf course employees had a positive effect on the job enthusiasm. Fourth, it was found that the innovation behavior of golf course employees had a positive effect on job performance. Fifth, it was found that the job enthusiasm of golf course employees had a positive effect on job performance. [Conclusion] In order to efficiently operate the golf course, it is essential to prevent the departure of skilled workers, and it is necessary to introduce various management policies that can reduce the job stress of employees.

레고식 차도블록 시스템은 시설물의 설치 및 유지보수를 위한 도로굴착공사지에서 조립된 구조블록을 사용한 임시포장면을 형성하여 차량 및 보행자의 안전한 통행이 가능하도록 개발된 시스템이다. 레고식 차도블록 시스템의 재료적 품질시험, 미끄럼저항시험 및 압축시험을 통해 기초성능에 대한 연구를 수행하였으며, 현장시험을 통해 레고식 차도블록 시스템의 도로지반 다짐성능을 검토하고 평가하였다. 그 결과, 도로복구를 위한 레고식 차도블록 시스템의 성능 및 다짐 효과는 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

Lego block system forms a temporary pavement area using the assembled structure block in the road excavation work for the maintenance and installation of facilities. This system was developed for a safe passage of vehicles and pedestrians. A study on the fundamental performance of a lego block system was performed through material quality, sliding resistance and compression tests. And compaction performance of ground on the road was reviewed and evaluated through field tests. As a result, a lego block system for road recovery showed the excellent performance and compaction effect.