Earticle

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect on the sub-factors for the student’s giving up PE course in the middle depending on the student’s personal characteristics, physical attribute, motivation for the course and whether or not the students major in PE; and suggest the in-depth characteristics of the students who give up the PE courses in colleges; and then provide the basic data for the sustainable sports activities and maintaining the healths through the PE class in college. As a result of the analysis of the data of 706 students who had the experiences of giving up the PE classes in the middle of the course from 4 colleges in G city through t-test by using of SPSS 15.0 for Window and Anova, following conclusions have been derived. First, with respect to the PE class of college, the characteristics of the students’ giving up in the middle of the course had significant difference according to the gender. Second, the higher the grade of the students in PE classes, the more student gave up the classes because of the leaders and the economic problems. It is thought that the students in the lower grades are more neglectful of credit management and the those student do not approach the college lives in the economic aspects. Third, with respect to the motivation for the PE classes, the students who took the course for the stress relief tended to give up the course the least and the students who took the course for improving their health gave up the courses the most. This implies that to the students who take the PE course for improving their healths, the appropriate programs should be provided. Forth, the students who think they are rather skinny tended to give up the classes due to the compliant about the facilites and the students who were hoping to have fat body shape tended to give up relatively less. This implies that to reduce the number of the students who give up the PE classes, the faclities for PE class should be expanded for the students who want to be not fat and for the students who think they are not rather thin, and then the efficiency of the calss should be improved through the classes. Fifth, it appeared that the more students majoring PE give up in the middle because of personal matters compared to the other students. This implies that the persoanl matters of the students majoring in PE should be investigated to reduce the number of the students majoring in the related subjects who give up the courses in the middle. Thus, to expand the students’ participation in PE classes, the programs and the facilites considering the studnets majoring in PE, the students in higher grades and the rather thin studnets should be urgently prepared to hold down the number of the students who will give up PE classes in the middle.

남북한 언어 차이는 북한이탈주민이 남한에 정착하는 데 걸림돌이 될 뿐만 아 니라 직장이나 가정에서 이루어지는 대화 상황에서도 문제로 작용하고 있다. 또한 남한 사람과 북한이탈주민과의 대화에서 서로 상처를 받는 경우가 종종 발생하고 있다. 북한이탈주민의 언어 사용 실태를 살펴본 결과 북한에서만 사용하는 북한 특수어, 남한에서만 쓰는 남한 특수어, 형태는 같으나 의미가 다른 유형의 동형이 의어, 형태는 다르지만 의미 이해가 가능한 이형동의어, 형태가 달라서 이해하기 어려운 이형동의어 등 일상 어휘에서 차이가 드러났다. 또한 문법적 차이, 화용적 차이, 언어 문화적 어감도 차이, 문화적 차이 등이 드러났다. 북한이탈주민에 대한 그동안의 교육 지원은 언어 교정 차원 및 학습 지원 차원 의 교재 개발에 국한되어 있었다. 개인을 둘러싼 외부적 환경 적응 차원의 지원도 필요하지만, 미래를 대비한 지원으로서 평생 교육 지원이나 내적 치유와 같이 개 인의 필요를 지원하는 다각적이고 다방면의 지원이 필요하다. 또한 북한이탈주민 소수에 대한 지원을 넘어서서 전 국민 차원의 남북통일 대비, 통일 이후 정책 차 원에서 교육 지원 방안을 모색해야 한다.

Bukhanitaljumins, immigrants from North Korea experience difficulties in daily life, work life, and social life as well as South Korea settlement because of the language differences between South and North Korea. Also they are sometimes deeply wounded during conversation with South Korean. Form the study on the real state of language use of Bukhanitaljumins, the differences in daily vocabulary were revealed due to North Korea specific words, South Korea specific words, homographs that share the same written form or pronunciation as another word but has a different meaning, comprehensible ihyungdonguieo that has different form but has the same or similar meaning of another word, and incomprehensible ihyungdonguieo that is difficult to understand because of the different form. Also the differences in grammar, pragmatics, language cultural sensitivity, and culture were revealed. Education support for Bukhanitaljumins has been limited to the development of teaching materials for language correction and study support. Although support for Bukhanitaljumins' adaptation to their surroundings is necessary, multilateral support such as lifelong education and psychical cure for preparation of their future is also necessary. Also the way of education support for the whole national preparation for unification and policy after the unification should be sought.

At present, in this country it is estimated that there live 6.822.606 Koreans from overseas (as of May 2009). It is crystal clear that since the overseas Koreans are an important agent for mediating between their fatherland and their legal country and a very valuable asset that forms our national power’s extension, it is a nationally important task to have a policy and educational understanding of them and have a policy and educational interest in them. Especially, the second- and third-generation overseas Koreans who suffer from the crisis of linguistic and cultural identity have been on the rise, which raises the necessity for a concrete and systematic study of their education. However, in reality, the existing studies focused their attention on oversea Koreans living overseas rather than on overseas Koreans living in the country; so, it is still insufficient to conduct a study of teaching Korean to overseas Koreans in the country. In this light, this paper takes a look at the current state and task for education of overseas Koreans in the country about Korean which is given in the country, focusing on the examples of education conducted at the Overseas Korean Education Center, affiliated by the Korean People Educational and Cultural Institute at National Kongju University, going further to search for a way to development in the future. The project of the course of long-term education of overseas Koreans (learning in the fatherland) was commissioned by the National Institute for International Education to Kongju National University in 2008. Overseas Korean students and foreigners who finish 12-year curricula (like the curricula of elementary, middle and high schools in the country) are given admission to it (within 20% of its legally fixed number) through an interview and a recommendation by officials of embassies overseas. Till now, for 2 years, 444 students from 28 countries (205 students in 2009, 239 students in 2010) finished the course. The project of the course of long-term education of overseas Koreans aims to give overseas Koreans and their children an opportunity to experience Korea, learn its culture and history, which is expect to instill ethnic identity as an ethnic Korean in them. It is an attempt to prepare the students for learning in the country who want to attend college in the country. It includes an intensive course of teaching Korean. It plays a role of the spread of Korean culture to foreigners (chosen within 20% of its legally fixed number), too. In this course, there are a variety of programs for strengthening Korean education through all curricula and non-curricula. In the curricula, the time of class has been increased by 4 hours a week, compared to the previous years. And by means of organizing the classes according to levels, educational contents are differentiated and educational effects are maximized. The center operates a variety of classes such as an advanced-level class for students who prepare for TOPIK and a after-school speaking class for the basic-level Korean learners. It has a diversity programs for giving motivation for learning and raising Korean proficiency (Korean cross-word puzzles, Korean magic-square puzzles, and Korean dictation). For non-curricular activities include, there are many kinds of contests for Korean proficiency (a Korean speech contest, a written Korean contest, a Korean sketch contest, and a Korean song contest), which helps attain Korean proficiency as well as know their own achievements of Korean proficiency. And it conducts field-trip learning and culture-experiencing learning once a month and holds an athletic competition once a semester, for which advance learning (vocabulary and reading) is conducted by producing advance learning papers. After these activities, students hand in what they felt during them, to which teachers give feedback. As a result, they—handed in by students—play a role of the portfolio for Korean learning and serve as a tool of measuring their Korean learning achievements. The center implements a “buddy” program, in which the students can come into one-to-one contact with native speakers (students) of Korean at Kongju University to go exploring historic sites, experiencing the market, seeing Korean movies and others, which makes it easy for the students to understand Korean culture and feelings. In the future, it is necessary to make an effort to increase the professionalism of the teachers of overseas Korean students and strengthen power of research; it is necessary to operate selective and flexible curricular that reflect the characteristics of overseas Korean students; to make a continuous effort to compensate for a supporting system for attending college for the about 30-percent students who want to attend college in the country, construct an after-course web-based curricular system a human network preferentially including students who finished this course.

박영효는 조선의 개화와 개혁을 언급할 때에 빼놓을 수 없는 인물이다. 그는 부친인 박원양으로부터, 또한 15촌 혈연관계에 있던 박규수로부터 교육을 받고 이들의 사상적 영향 속에서 성장하였다. 박규수는 그의 조부이자 이용후생을 중시한 박지원의 사상적 영향 속에서 상공업의 발달과 기술의 발전을 중시하고, 사회모순에 대한 비판적 시각을 가지고 있었다. 박영효는 이러한 집안의 가풍을 이어받아 서양과의 통상을 통한 부국강병과 사회를 개혁하고자 하는 이상, 실학의 기조와 닿아 있는 便民利國의 실천적 지향을 도모하게 되었다. 박영효는 임오군란 후의 조ㆍ일 관계를 수습하기 위한 수신사로서 서광범, 김만식과 함께 일본을 다녀왔다. 귀국한 직후 한성판윤직을 맡아 수행하면서 일본에서의 경험을 토대로 도로정비사업과 신문발간사업, 그리고 순경부를 설치하는 일에 특히 많은 관심을 가지고 추진하였다. 박영효가 치도사업에 관심을 가진 이유는 우리 산업의 핵심인 농업의 진작을 위해 농업생산품을 손쉽게 유통시키기 위해서는 도로의 확대와 개선이 무엇보다도 시급한 과제라고 생각했기 때문이다. 특히 그가 순검제도의 필요성을 인식하고 순경부 설치를 적극 주장하게 된 배경은 거리의 오물, 넘쳐나는 분뇨, 아무데서나 대소변을 보아 가히 문명국의 일원이라 할 수 없는 조선인들의 저급한 행태 때문이었다. 이들의 행동을 변화시키려면 법규를 동원해서라도 반강제적으로 할 필요가 있었다. 그러기에는 순검제도가 우선적으로 필요한 제도였던 것이다. 그런데 박영효가 의욕적으로 추진하고자 했던 도로정비사업과 신문발간사업, 순경부를 설치하여 치도사업을 원활하게 진행하려던 개혁 등은 중도에서 무산되고 말았다. 개혁의 의도는 좋았으나 무리한 치도사업의 결과 민가의 반발과 경제권의 침해를 입은 권력층의 저항에 부딪히게 되었던 것이다. 비록 중도에 그치긴 했어도 그가 추진한 초기 개혁사업은 실학의 가풍을 이어받아 민생에 필요한 중요한 일부터 우선 시행하고자 한 ‘실사구시’의 발로요, 구현이었다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다고 볼 수 있다.

Park Yeong-Hyo is an essential figure upon referring to enlightenment and reformation of Joseon. He was educated by his father, Park Won-Yang and fifteenth relative, Park Gyu-Su and had grown in their ideological influence. Influenced by his grandfather, Park Ji-Won who put an emphasis on promotion of public welfare, Park Gyu-Su put an emphasis on the development of commerce and industry and advancement of technology and also had critical point of view on social contradiction. Inherited such a family tradition, Park Yeong-Hyo had an ideology for national prosperity and military power and social reform through trade with the West, and promoted practical orientation for the Service to the Country and Peace to the People which is similar to the basis of Silhak, Korean Practical Science. To resolve Joseon-Japan relationship after the im-O Military Revolt, Park Yeong-Hyo visited Japan as an emissary with Seo Gwang-Beom and Kim Man-Sik. Returning from Japan, he took the position of Han-seong-pan-yun and performed road maintenance, newspaper publishing, and especially installation of police department based on his experience in Japan. Park Yeong-Hyo was interested in the road maintenance by thinking that it was the most urgent to extend and improve the road to distribute agricultural products easily so as to boost agriculture, the core of our industry of that time. Especially, he recognized the necessity for patrol system and actively insisted to install police department due to vulgar behaviors of Joseon citizens with garbage on the street, overflown human waste and urinating and relieving oneself anywhere which cannot be regarded as civilized behaviors. To change such behaviors, it was necessary to regulate it semi-mandatorily. And patrol system was needed in the first place. However, the reformation that Park Yeong-Hyo tried to perform enthusiastically such as road maintenance, newspaper publishing and installation of police department foundered halfway. The reformation had good intentions but excessive enforcement brought about resistance from people and the class with power who were infringed on their economic right. Even though it foundered in the middle, the initial reformation that he pushed ahead is meaningful that it was a manifestation and realization of 'empirical tradition' inherited from Silhak, Korean Traditional Science and tried to do important thing for the people in the first place.

최근 급속도로 성장하는 K-방산에 힘입어 우리나라 방위산업이 세계 10위권 내 강국으로 도약하는 등 위상이 날로 높아 가고 있는 시점에 방위산업 핵심기술을 노리는 내부자 정보유출 및 사이버 해킹 공격이 지속 증가하고 있어 방산기술보호의 필요성이 증대하고 있다. 이에 정부에서는 방위산업기술보호법을 제정하는 한편 방산업체를 대상으로 매년 통합실태조사를 시행하며 사이버보안 체계를 점검하고 있다. 한편, 방산시장의 주도권을 쥐고 있는 미국 정부에서는 CMMC(사이버보안 성숙 도 모델 인증) 제도를 시행하고 다른 국가 기업에도 CMMC 인증을 요구할 예정으로 국내 방위산업 성장에 큰 위협으로 다가 오고 있다. 본 논문에서는 방위산업의 사이버보안 실태를 조사하고 있는 통합실태조사 점검항목과 CMMC 통제항목 분석을 통해 통합실태조사 개선 모델을 설계하고 CMMC에 미포함하는 요소에 대한 해결 방안을 제시하였으며 CMMC 제도가 우리 나라에 연착륙할 수 있도록 대응방안을 제안하였다. 정부와 학계에서는 K-CMMC 인증제도 마련 등 미국 CMMC에 대응하 기 위한 정책 방안을 다각적으로 검토중에 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 미래 K-CMMC 제도 정착에 도움을 줄 것으로 기대한다.

Recently, thanks to the rapidly growing K-defense industry, Korea's defense industry is rising as one of the world's top 10 powerhouses, and insider information leakage and cyber hacking attacks targeting core defense industry technologies are continuously increasing. The need for defense technology protection is increasing. In response, the government enacted the Defense Industrial Technology Protection Act and conducted annual integrated fact-finding surveys on defense companies to check their cyber security systems. Meanwhile, the US government, which holds the leadership in the defense industry market, is threatening the growth of the domestic defense industry by implementing the CMMC (Cyber Security Maturity Model Certification) system and planning to require CMMC certification from companies in other countries. In this paper, an integrated fact-finding survey improvement model was designed through the analysis of the integrated fact-finding survey checklist and CMMC control items that investigate the cyber security reality of the defense industry, and a solution was proposed for elements not included in CMMC, and the CMMC system was implemented in Korea. Suggested countermeasures for a soft landing. The government and academia are reviewing various policy measures to respond to the US CMMC, such as preparing the K-CMMC certification system. Therefore, this study is expected to help settle the K-CMMC system in the future.

본 연구는 영화 ‘국가대표 2’에서 내재된 한국 여자 아이스하키 팀의 형성 및 발달과정과 동계스포츠의 현실에 대한 고찰에 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 텍스트 선정 및 자료 수집, 텍스트 분석 과정을 실시하였고, 도출한 결과는 다음 과 같다. 첫째, 영화 ‘국가대표 2’에 재현된 한국 여자 아이스하키 대표 팀의 형성 및 발달과정은 다음과 같다. 1단계는 목적이 아닌 수단의 팀: 동계올림픽의 병풍으로 나타났다. 2단계는 낮은 인지도: 세계 아이스하키의 이방인, 3단계는 지 도자, 선수 구성의 어려움: 각양각색의 구성원으로 드러났다. 4단계는 격동의 시간: 구성원 간의 갈등 및 훈련 지원 미비, 5단계는 투혼의 결과: 국가대표의 암울한 현실의 과정이 도출되었다. 둘째, 영화 ‘국가대표 2’에서 나타난 한국 동계스 포츠의 현실의 재현 방식은 스포츠 강국의 이면성: 특정 종목 집중 육성, 열악한 선수 저변: 철저한 엘리트주의 시스템 고수, 성적 지상주의: 금메달만 기억하는 세상, 스포츠의 주체적 자격 상실: 정치적 도구화, 연맹, 협회 운영의 비정상화: 불명확한 존재 이유로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study was to explore the formation and development process of Korean women's ice hockey team and the reality of winter sports inherited from the film ‘Take Off 2’. For this purpose, text selection, data collection and textual analysis were performed. The results were as follows. First, the development process of the Korean female ice hockey team, which is reproduced in the movie ‘Take Off 2’, is as follows. The first stage was not a purpose but a team of means: a screen of the Olympic Winter Games. Step 2 is revealed as a member of low awareness: the stranger of the world ice hockey, the third stage is a difficulty of forming a leader and player: variety of team members. In the fourth stage, the time of the turbulence: the conflict between the members and the lack of training support, and the result of fifth stage was the outcome of combative spirit: the depressed reality of the national representative was derived. Second, the reenactments of the reality of Korean winter sports in the film ‘Take-Off 2’ were due to the two-sides of sports powers: the intensification of specific sports, the lack of athletes infrastructure: the presence of strict elite athletes, a world that only remembers gold medals, losing its own certificates :

본 연구는 정신장애는 정신기능의 장애로 적절한 자기통제와 사회적 적응이 원만치 않은 정신기능의 손상상태를 말한다. 우리사회에서 장애인범죄라고 불리어지는 것은 거의 대부분 정신장애인 범죄를 말한다. 이들 정신장애인들은 비장애인에 비해 범죄율이 높지 않다. 그리고 범죄과정과 결과가 다른 비장애인의 범죄와 특별한 차이가 없다. 즉 범죄와 정신장애와의 관계성은 특별한 의미를 부여하지 않는다. 오히려 일부 잘못된 편견으로 인해 장애인의 범죄율이 무의식적으로 조작될 수 있음에 대하여 정신장애인 편견해소방안이 시급하다. 이에 우리는 정신장애인 범죄의 객관적인 실태를 통해서 정신장애인의 편견을 극복하고, 정신장애인의 적절한 재활치료와 보호는 물론 정책적, 사법적 차별방지가 보장되도록 하여야 한다. 아울러 국가의 정신장애인 범죄에 대한 정책의 분석을 통하여 정신장애인 범죄의 교정복지 및 치료감호적 대안을 제시하여 우리 사회에서 내재해 있는 정신장애인의 정치적, 경제적, 사회적, 문화적인 편견을 해소하고 정신장애인과 비장애인이 함께하는 통합사회를 추구함으로써 사회적 거리감을 줄이는 계기가 될 것을 기대한다.

Psychological disability means that the mental damage caused by the disability of the mental functioning makes them disable to command themselves properly and to adjust in society smoothly. When we talk about crime of the disabled in our society, it mostly means that a crime committed by the psychologically disabled. The crime rate of the mentally disabled is not relatively higher than that of the non-disabled. And there is no big difference in the procedures and results of the crimes between those of the disabled and those of the non-disabled. It is meaningless to generalize hastily that there is correlation between mental disability and the crime. It is possible that the crime rate of the disabled is apt to be manipulated unconsciously, which means that we urgently need to seek for the countermeasures to abolish social prejudice against the people with psychological disability. Thus, with the understanding of the real situation of the mentally disabled's crime objectively, we should be able to overcome the social prejudice against them and secure their rights to be rehabilitated and protected adequately as well as political and/or legal protection to the discrimination. At the same time, having analyzed the government's policies on the criminal with psychological disability, here I suggest the options for the correction welfare policy for the psychiatric criminals and forensic psychiatry so that we can resolve the discriminations in the political, economic, social and cultural aspects and pursuit the inclusive society in which both of the psychologically disabled people and the non-disabled can get together. It is expected that this study gives both opportunities to let themselves come closer to each other.

Although real estate transaction information network investing, operating and using by realtors has the ascendant status, it can't be activated for 18 years and carry well out function and role. Under these recognitions in question, this study is to find out as we analysis of recognition state for improvement of real estate transaction information network using the behavioral scientific approach and the statistical approach, and from that, seek for improvement of real estate transaction information network. For these purposes, this study investigated the level of satisfaction of realtors who had used the real estate transaction information network in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, six metropolitan cities. As a result, the occupancy rate of the real estate transaction information network appears to be low. Therefore, in order to improve the occupancy rate, we have to improve an operation method of the real estate transaction information network, strengthen a additional service function, a consumer advertisements and public relations function, enforce the exclusive agency listing contract system or get in writing from intermediation request. Also, a system guaranteeing maintenance to a realtor registering the real estate transaction information network for the first time and a connection of a real estate transactions report system will be alternatives.

상태공간(狀態空間) 개념(槪念)에 기초(基礎)를 두어 시스템의 동적(動的) 거동(擧動)을 나타낸 Kalman filter와 자기공진(自己共振) 예측자(豫測子)의 순환(循還) 알고리즘에 의한 예측방법(豫測方法)을 연구(硏究)하여 하천유출(河川流出) 예측(豫測)에의 적용성(適用性)을 검토(檢討)하고 그 결과(結果)를 제시하였다. 강우(降雨)-유출과정(流出過程)의 동적(動的) 거동(擧動)을 자색(白色) Gaussian 잡음(雜音)이 있는 선형(線型), 이산형(離散型)시스템으로 보아서 낮은 차수(次數)의 ARMA 과정(過程)으로 나타내었으며 예측모형(豫測模型)의 상태(狀態)벡터를 random walk로 나타내었다. 예측오차(豫測誤差)에 대한 통계적(統計的)인 분석(分析)으로 모형구조(模型構造)를 결정하였으며 적용(適用)된 예측(豫測)알고리즘의 검정(檢正)을 위하여 시우량(時雨量)과 시유량(時流量)의 과거(過去) 기록치(記錄値)를 사용하였다. 예측결과(豫測結果)를 분석(分析)하나 Kalman filter에 의한 알고리즘이 자기공진(自己共振) 예측자(豫測子)보다 우수하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

A recursive algorithms for prediction of streamflows by Kalman filtering theory and Self-tuning predictor based on the state space description of the dynamic systems have been studied and the applicabilities of the algorithms to the rainfall-runoff processes have been investigated. For the representation of the dynamics of the processes, a low-order ARMA process has been taken as the linear discrete time system with white Gaussian disturbances. The state vector in the prediction model formulated by a random walk process. The model structures have been determined by a statistical analysis for residuals of the observed and predicted streamflows. For the verification of the prediction algorithms developed here, the observed historical data of the hourly rainfall and streamflows were used. The numerical studies shows that Kalman filtering theory has better performance than the Self-tuning predictor for system identification and prediction in rainfall-runoff processes.

Preemptive Systems are systems whose tasks are timely constrained and which can be suspended for a while and resumed afterwards. In order to check for their reliability, formal methods are applied to model and to analyze their behaviors. This is achieved by computing their state spaces that can be abstracted and encoded as graphs. We present in this paper an algorithm allowing an efficient computation of a DBM over-approximation of the state space of preemptive systems modeled by using Time Petri Nets with inhibitor arcs. For this effect, each class of this graph is expressed as a pair (M, D), where M is a marking and D is the system of DBM inequalities. In [1] we have defined an algorithm to compute the system D straightforwardly in its normal form, without requiring computing the intermediary polyhedron. We explore for this abstraction a suitable equivalence relation that contracts yet more the graphs. Experimental results comparing our algorithm with other approaches are reported.

The ultrasound image sequences are not only majorly contaminated by multiplicative noises but they are also usually contaminated with additive noises. As in the past few decades, there were some works, which had focused on removing the noises from ultrasound images, such as in the JY model [1] and in the variational model, which were able to remove both types of noises. However, denoising these noises from the ultrasound image sequence is a time-consuming process that occurred from using fixed-point iterative method. From our investigation, the most time-consuming process part of the denoising process is the Gauss-Seidel. By parallelizing these processes with modern multi-core and many-core processor, the denoising ultrasound image in real-time is possible. In this study, we propose the modified strategy from [2] for managing threads and propose the modified state-based Gauss-Seidel method from [16] for GPUs. Our proposed model can retain the frame order, and get the satisfactory frame rate (about 23.33 fps). The proposed strategy boosts the speedup of the frame denoising to 13.80 times compare to the sequential computation.

In July, 2008, there are totally 1,593 listed companies in China. About 70% of these listed companies are the state owned listed companies, and the rest are collective or private owned listed companies. The core element that decides the efficiency and the competitive power of listed company is the corporate governance. This thesis considers the real state and reform direction of the corporate governance centering around the ‘tunneling’ of the heavy stockholders of listed companies. The methods of tunneling is considered around the 1) heavy stockholder's enforced occupying and using funds of the listed company, 2) payment guarantee on loan to the heavy stockholder by the listed company, 3) property transfer through related party transactions between the listed company and the heavy stockholder, and etc. And it also analyzed the background and the reasons why tunneling behavior have become common in China using 1) the listed company's stake structure characteristic of 'heavy stockholder's overwhelming amount of stake possession and 2)the concept of ‘potential rule’ established in the process of listing(IPO) between the existing company(mother company) and the listed company. Lastly, corporate governance reform measures by Chinese government to regulate tunneling and protect small stockholders and further assignments are considered.

인터넷 네트워크 기술의 발전이 촉발한 새로운 OTT 영상 콘텐츠 플랫폼은 콘텐츠에 대한 수요를 늘리고 소 비 패턴을 변화시키고 있다. 이러한 흐름은 한국 애니메이션 산업에 긍정적인 변화를 가져오고 있으며, 다양하고 고 품질의 애니메이션 콘텐츠가 점점 더 중요해지고 있다. 기술 투자가 증가함에 따라 영상 제작 기술도 계속 발전하고 있다. 특히, 3D 애니메이션과 VFX 제작 기술은 이전에는 생각할 수 없었던 효과들을 가능하게 하며 정교하고 사실 적인 그래픽을 구현하게 해주고 있다. 4차 산업 혁명은 이러한 기술 발전에 새로운 기회를 제공하고 있다. 인공지능(AI)의 성장은 반복 작업을 자동화해 제 작 효율을 향상시키고, 기존의 제작 기술을 넘어서는 혁신을 가능하게 하고 있다. 첨단 기술이 기반인 3D 애니메이션 과 VFX는 지속적으로 연구되며, 제작 과정에 더욱 적극적으로 통합될 것으로 예상된다. 디지털 기술은 또한 아티스 트의 창의력을 확장하는 역할을 하고 있다. AI와 첨단 기술의 미래는 무한한 잠재력을 지니고 있으며, 이를 통해 영 상 콘텐츠 산업이 어떤 새로운 단계로 나아갈 수 있을지 기대가 높아지고 있다.

The advancement of Internet network technology has triggered the emergence of new OTT video content platforms, increasing demand for content and altering consumption patterns. This trend is bringing positive changes to the South Korean animation industry, where diverse and high-quality animation content is becoming increasingly important. As investment in technology grows, video production technology continues to advance. Specifically, 3D animation and VFX production technologies are enabling effects that were previously unthinkable, offering detailed and realistic graphics. The Fourth Industrial Revolution is providing new opportunities for this technological growth. The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is automating repetitive tasks, thereby enhancing production efficiency and enabling innovations that go beyond traditional production methods. Cutting-edge technologies like 3D animation and VFX are being continually researched and are expected to be more actively integrated into the production process. Digital technology is also expanding the creative horizons for artists. The future of AI and advanced technologies holds boundless potential, and there is growing anticipation for how these will elevate the video content industry to new heights.

This study surveys the state of 'children's snacks' sold within the Green Food Zone and that of High Calorie Foods with Low Nutrition Value (HCFLNV). The main purposes are the analyses of foods in accordance to KFDA Program for HCFLNV and an analysis of differences in HCFLNV that are dependent on relevant factors such as food types, school types, origins, the scale of manufacturing company, area and price. Based on the analyses, educational and political implications have been sought that will form nutritious dietary habits, contribute to the prevention of obesity, and improve health in child consumers. The methodologies of this study are literature studies and surveys. The results of this study can be summarized as following. First, the number of children's snacks is 517 items of total 645 gathered within 150 Green Food Zones. Candies are the most popular item, next are cookies, chocolates, and breads. Second, in the real state survey there are 186 HCFLNV (36.0%) among children's snacks sold within Green Food Zone. Based on the survey results, the marking of HCFLNV on the package of children's snacks and the extension of the ban of HCFLNV sales to all stores within the Green Food Zone are strongly suggested. This provides preliminary data related to children's snacks and food safety. With enforcement of the Special Act on the Safety Management of Children's Dietary Life, the rate of HCFLNV has decreased and the child snack product environment in stores has improved. However, it is necessary to supervise low-priced snacks and promote an awareness of HCFLNV along with the child consumer education of food safety is needed.

This paper considers a reinforcement learning(RL) which deals with real environments. Most reinforcement learning studies have been made by simulations because real-environment learning requires large computational cost and much time. Furthermore, it is more difficult to acquire many rewards efficiently in real environments than in virtual ones. The most important requirement to make real-environment learning successful is the appropriate construction of the state space. In this paper, to begin with, I show the basic overview of the reinforcement learning under real environments. Next, 1 introduce a state-space construction method under real environmental which is State Partition Method. Finally I apply this method to a robot navigation problem and compare it with conventional methods.

Novel nuclear reactor designs, such as Small Modular Reactors and Microreactors, require advanced safety assessment methods to analyze potential threats and hazards, and evaluate the efficacy of the safety systems introduced to cope with them. Then, safety assessment frameworks, embedding simulation models, software tools and artificial intelligence algorithms are envisioned to be integrated in operation for autonomous and semi-autonomous activities, ensuring plant reliability and availability while reducing operational and maintenance costs at the same time. For this, Condition-Based Probabilistic Safety Assessment (CB-PSA) must be enabled to provide real-time estimation of the system health state for up-to-date risk evaluation and operation situational awareness. In this paper, we propose a framework of integration consisting of: i) a Neural Network (NN) surrogate model-based Bayesian filter for real-time state estimation during operation using monitoring data; and ii) a NN model for real-time prediction of safety-related parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is demonstrated through its application to a synthetic case study and to a Nuclear Battery design, with reference to a loss of heat sink (LOHS) accident.

Russo-North Korean economic relations have been close since Soviet times. But the collapse of the Soviet Union has negatively influenced the economic relations of both countries. President Putin's 2000, 2001 and 2002 summits with Kim Jong Il were the turning point of the Russo-North Korean rapprochement. Russia was ready to implement plans with North Korea regarding energy, railway, and electricity projects. However, both countries faced an obstacle regarding North Korea's nuclear test and debt to Russia. Removing these obstacles was urgently needed. Moscow has written off 90% of North Korea's debt and will convert the rest into equity in investments as a result of the long, hard negotiations with North Korea. The lifting of these obstacles has reopened the possibility of economic cooperation, for example the trans-Siberian-trans-Korean railway (TSR-TKR) and the trans-Korea gas pipeline. North Korea's new leader, Kim Jong Un, who ascended to power at the end of 2011, announced the reform and opening up of the economy. Moscow has stepped up economic cooperation efforts with Pyongyang, especially since the annexation of Crimea. Nevertheless, there are many obstacles such as North Korea's nuclear program, the deterioration of Sino-North Korean relations, Sino-American tensions and the deterioration of South Korean-Japanese relations.

In latter Joseon period, the system of Amhaeng-Eosa which has investigated the a chief magistrate and commander of local area, has established regularly and systematically, in spite of overlapping with Gwanchalsa(a provincial governor) in the function. This thesis describes the real state of activities of Amhaeng-Eosa and the a chief magistrate and commander of Gyongsang-do area through the Gyosu-Jimryak which contains all the activities of Amhaeng-Eosa of Gyongsangwoo-do(right area of Gyongsang-do) by royal family bureaucrat Yi Heon-Young who has dispatched in 1882. The mission of Amhaeng-Eosa was written in Bongseo and Samok descended by the King. The main point indicated specially by the King was written in Bongseo, and the articles and precedent of investigating handed down was written in Samokchaek. Yi Heon-Young appointed as Amhaeng-Eosa has accomplished his mission with his attendants who have been called by him. Their status was Owijang(五衛將, lower rank officier) and Yokjol(驛卒, soldier of station) etc. Their activities of some months has reported to the King as Seogye and Byoldan. The King has interviewed Yi Heon-Young directly and ordered punishment and reward to unlawful chief magistrate and commander of local area in Seogye. And the King also has instructed the management to the abuses and problems in Byoldan. Yi Heon-Young as Amhaeng-Eosa has dispatched three or four groups of spy and observed secretly the every area. So the spys have often falled in danger. But all the courses of Amhaeng-Eosa are not accomplished secretly. He has sometimes informed his appreance to Gwanchalsa and other magistrates and commanders, so they also have become aware of the spy of Amhaeng-Eosa. Amhaeng-Eosa has made Chuldo(Appearance od Amhaeng-Oesa) if he should manage the abuses promptly which have collected by spying. Chuldo has made suddenly, so the magistrate or commander have not been aware of his appearance. But in some case he has appeared openly with implements informing Chuldo by Nomun(路文, document of official travel). If he has been appeared, he has stayed 7 or 10 days for investigating documents and account book, inspecting the prisoners and judging the petitions. Some time he has blocked up the storehouse and fired magistrate or commander.