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부모도 가정에서, 자녀에게 리더이기 때문에 부모의 리더십을 갖추어야 한다. 좋은 부모는 저절로 태어나는 것이 아니라 만들어 지는 것이기 때문에, 본 연구는 좋은 부모가 되기 위해서는 먼저 좋은 리더가 되어야 하고, 더 큰 부모의 역량이 무엇인지, 꼭 필요한 좋은 부모 리더십의 원칙들이 무엇인지를 알아보고자 한다.

Parents are also a leader of a child so they too must have a leadership at home. Since good parents are not just born but made, in order to be good parents one must be a good leader so this study aims to find a bigger capability of parents and the necessary principles of parental leadership. Journal of Digital Convergence. This space is for the abstract of your study in English.

In this study, we suggest a standardization of the logistics terminologies in Korean Standard to improve its consistency. To support this work, some principles for terminology selection and corrections are studied based on the guideline in international standard. The revised terminologies are summarized in Appendix for 20 logistics-related Korean Standards.

이 연구는 실과 체험학습의 의미, 실과 체험학습의 이점, 실과 체험학습의 원리를 탐색하고 정리할 목적으로 문헌연구에 의하여 수행되었다. 실과 체험학습이란 “학습자가 실세계(real world)에 존재하는 실과적 내용(contents)의 대상을 오감각(five senses)으로 직접 접촉하여 주체적으로 지식, 기능, 가치를 구성하는 과정”으로 정의하였다. 실과 체험학습의 이점으로 학습자의 관심 끌기 용이함, 두뇌의 건강과 균형적 발달, 직업기초능력 신장, 오감각 일깨움, 세로토닌의 원활한 분비, 기술적 소양 함양, 진로탐색 기회 확대, 면역력 강화, 효과적인 학습, 사회성 발달의 10가지를 제시하였다. 또한, 실과 체험학습의 원리로 오감을 통한 신체적 활동, 실세계와의 관련성 강화, 고정관념에서 벗어나기, 실력수준과 도전수준 간에 균형적인 활동과제 제시, 전후 맥락 고려, 몰입, 표현, 목표의식, 즐김, 감동의 10가지를 제시하였다. 그동안 실과교육의 정당성에 대한 연구는 충분히 이루어졌음에도 불구하고, 실과교육의 활성화를 위하여 여전히 해결해야 문제가 많다. 혁신적인 변화가 필요한 시점이며, 실과 체험학습은 그 대안이 될 수 있다. 추후 연구와 관련해서는 제시한 실과 체험학습의 이점과 원리를 일정한 준거에 기초하여 영역별로 재구조화하고, 타당성을 검증하기 위한 연구가 필요하다.

Purposes of this study were to clarify the meaning, to explore advantages and principles of the direct experience in the practical arts education. This study was carried out by literature review. Learning by direct experience in practical arts education was defined as “process which learners compose knowledges, skills, and values actively by touching practical arts contents in the real world directly throughout five sensory organs.” Advantages of learning by direct experience in practical arts education were identified as easy learning interest and motivation, valanced development of a brain, improvement of basic job competence, wake-up of five senses, enough flow of serotonin, improvement of technological literacy, expansion of career exploration opportunities, reinforcement of immunity level, effective learning, and development of sociability. Principles of learning by direct experience in practical arts education were set as physical activities throughout five sensory organs, relationship with real world, breaking stereotype, proper activity tasks, situational context, immersion, expression, aiming consciousness, enjoyment, and being moved. In spite of enough research about justification of practical arts education, there are a lot of problems to be solved for its activation. We need innovative changes. Direct experience in the practical arts education can be alternative plan. In future, advantages and principles of learning by direct experience in practical arts education should be reorganized at the base of certain criteria and testified.

숙박업자는 호텔에 체류하고 그 곳에서 숙박하는 모든 고객이 호텔에 가져온 물건에 대한 어떤 손해에 대하여, 또는 파손 또는 분실에 대하여 보관자로서 책임이 있다. 여기서 호텔에 가져온 물건과 관련하여 다음의 경우에는 그 물건을 숙박시설에 가져온 것으로 본다. 첫째 고객이 숙박시설을 이용하는 동안 물건이 호텔에 있는 경우, 둘째 고객이 호텔에서 숙박시설을 이용하는 기간 동안 숙박업자 또는 숙박업자가 그 행위에 대하여 책임을 지는 사람이 호텔 외에서 물건의 보관을 위탁받은 경우, 셋째, 고객이 호텔에서 숙박시설을 이용하기 전후의 합리적인 기간 동안 숙박업자 또는 숙박업자가 그 행위에 대하여 책임을 지는 자가 호텔의 안팎에서 보관을 위탁받은 경우 등이다. 숙박업자는 손해, 파손 또는 분실이 다음의 사유로 인한 때는 책임이 없다. 고객, 고객의 동반자, 고객의 피용자, 고객의 방문자에 의한 경우, 숙박업자가 통제할 수 없는 장애 또는 물건의 성질에 의한 경우이다. 숙박업자의 책임을 배제하거나 제한하는 조항은 만약 그것이 숙박업자 또는 그 행위에 대하여 숙박업자가 책임을 지는 자의 고의 또는 중과실의 행위로 인하여 손해, 파손 또는 분실을 초래한 경우에 책임을 배제하거나 제한하는 것이라면 제2권, 제9장, 제4절의 목적상 불공정하다. 손해, 파손 또는 분실이 숙박업자 또는 그 행위에 대하여 숙박업자가 책임을 지는 사람의 고의 또는 중과실의 행위로 야기 된 경우를 제외하고, 고객은 숙박업자에게 손해, 파손 또는 분실을 지체 없이 통지할 것이 요구된다. 고객이 숙박업자에게 지체 없이 통지 하지 아니한 경우, 숙박업자는 책임을 지지 않는다. 숙박업자는 상인으로서 숙박, 음식, 음료 및 요청된 서비스를 고객에게 이행한 것에 관하여 고객에게 갖는 대가적 권리가 만족될 때까지 물건을 유치할 권리를 갖는다. 본조는 숙박업자와 어떤 고객 간에 호텔로 가져온 어떤 물건이든 별개의 임치계약이 체결된 경우에는 적용되지 않는다. 별도의 임치계약은 물건이 숙박업자에 의해 보관이 수락되고 보관을 위해 인도된 경우에 성립한다.

A hotel-keeper is liable as a storer for any damage to, or destruction or loss of, a thing brought to the hotel by any guest who stays at the hotel and has sleeping accommodation there. For the purposes of that a thing is regarded as brought to the hotel. The first if it is at the hotel during the time when the guest has the use of sleeping accommodation there, The second if the hotel-keeper or a person for whose actions the hotel-keeper is responsible takes charge of it outside the hotel during the period for which the guest has the use of the sleeping accommodation at the hotel, The third if the hotel-keeper or a person for whose actions the hotel-keeper is responsible takes charge of it whether at the hotel or outside it during a reasonable period preceding or following the time when the guest has the use of sleeping accommodation at the hotel. The hotel-keeper is not liable in so far as the damage, destruction or loss is caused by a guest or any person accompanying, employed by or visiting the guest, an impediment beyond the hotel-keeper’s control or the nature of the thing. A term excluding or limiting the liability of the hotel-keeper is unfair for the purposes of Book II, Chapter 9, Section 4 if it excludes or limits liability in a case where the hotelkeeper, or a person for whose actions the hotel-keeper is responsible, causes the damage, destruction or loss intentionally or by way of grossly negligent conduct. Except where the damage, destruction or loss is caused intentionally or by way of grossly negligent conduct of the hotel-keeper or a person for whose actions the hotel-keeper is responsible, the guest is required to inform the hotel-keeper of the damage, destruction or loss without undue delay. If the guest fails to inform the hotel-keeper without undue delay, the hotel-keeper is not liable. The hotel-keeper has the right to withhold any thing referred to until the guest has satisfied any right the hotel-keeper has against the guest with respect to accommodation, food, drink and solicited services performed for the guest in the hotelkeeper’s professional capacity. This Article does not apply if and to the extent that a separate storage contract is concluded between the hotel-keeper and any guest for any thing brought to the hotel. A separate storage contract is concluded if a thing is handed over for storage to, and accepted for storage by, the hotel-keeper.

In order to advance the scientific basis for message design, theories of belief, attitude, and intention change focusing on the importance of arguments must be joined with theories that deal more with a message’s executional (or format) features. Previous summaries of the literature on message effectiveness are reviewed. They provide the fact base needing explanation. They are therefore useful but fail to provide an explanatory mechanism for integrating message content and format elements. This paper takes steps in this direction arguing that processing and resource allocation theories (Lang, 2006; Stephenson & Southwell, 2006) can be integrated with theories of belief change (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986) to advance message effects theory and research. The mechanism employed generalizes from the mediational processes of the elaboration likelihood model, namely ability and motivation, arguing that message formatting features themselves affect ability and motivation. Specific predictions for the interaction of message format features and argument strength are derived through their impact on ability and motivation. Recent research reporting interaction between format features and argument strength is described in the context of the model’s predictions. Implications of the model for cumulating knowledge about message effects and guiding future research are explored.

Purpose: The “Principles of transparency and best practice in scholarly publishing” are of increasing importance in an open science environment as a way to increase the transparency and quality of academic society journals. However, little previous research has investigated the application of this new guideline in practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the degree to which this guideline is being applied by Korean academic society?published journals listed in Journal Citation Reports. Methods: The researchers investigated the homepages of 59 Korean academic society?published journals to evaluate whether they had adopted the 33 items listed in the guideline. Based on the information available on the journals’ homepages, each item was classified as ‘yes’ or ‘no’ within the four categories of basic journal information, publication ethics, copyright and archiving information, and profit model. Results: The basic journal information category was generally well-practiced, with the exceptions of the peer review process, readership, and author fees. The copyright and licensing information category was also well-practiced, with the exception of policies on posting accepted articles with third parties and archiving items. However, most items in the publication ethics category were not well practiced, with the exception of authorship and intellectual property. All items in the profit model category were infrequently implemented. Conclusion: These findings serve as a good indicator for Korean journal editors of areas for improvement. It may be helpful to review journals’ publication policies and homepages to comply with international publishing standards.

Purpose: Four international associations, including the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association, the Directory of Open Access Journals, the Committee on Publication Ethics, and the World Association of Medical Editors declared the third version of “Principles of transparency and best practice in scholarly publishing” to ensure transparency and quality in journal publications. This study is aimed at assessing the guidelines from the journals’ websites manually. Methods: In this study, three researchers investigate the homepages of 781 academic society-published journals that are registered in the Science Citation Index Expanded and whether these journals are effectively adopting these new guidelines. In this paper, 33 items from the guidelines are examined. The 33 items are rearranged into four different categories: basic journal information; publication ethics; copyright and archiving information; and profit model. The researchers count yes or no after checking the adopting status on the journal homepage and dividing into four scales: 0% to 25% for is rarely practiced, 26% to 50% for is poorly practiced, 51% to 75% for is adequately practiced, and 76% to 100% for is well practiced. Results: Of the 33 items, 10 are found to be poorly or rarely practiced, including readership, data sharing, archiving policies, and profit model information. Conclusion: It could be the most up-to-date indicator of the current status of applying best practice guidelines. Society journal editors especially from Asia should evaluate their journals regarding “Principles of transparency and best practice in scholarly publishing”.

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As a community, it is impossible to ignore the fact that sharing research and information related to research is a much broader proposition than sharing an article, book, or conference paper. In supporting an evolving scholarly record, making connections between research organizations, contributors, actions, and objects helps give a more complete picture of the scholarly record, which open infrastructure organizations like Crossref call the research nexus. Crossref is working to support this evolution and is thinking about the metadata it collects via its members and that it supplements and curates, to make it broader than the rigid structures traditionally provided by content types. Furthermore, because of Crossref ’s commitment to the Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure (POSI), this network of information will be global and openly available for anyone in the community to access and reuse. The present article describes this vision in more detail, including why it is increasingly important to support the links between research and elements that contribute or are related to that research; how Crossref, its members, and the wider community can support it; and the work and planning Crossref is doing to make it easier to achieve this.

The present review paper deals the liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) general principles and the basic fundamentals, general process of LLE followed by the importance of LLE reagents. LLE is a process of transferring a chemical compound from one liquid phase to a second liquid phase, immiscible with the first. In analytical chemistry, this method enjoys a favored position among separation techniques because of its simplicity, speed and wide scope. By utilizing apparatus no more complicated than a separatory funnel and requiring several minutes at most to perform, extraction procedures offer much to the analytical chemist.

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최근 제22대 국회에서 상법 개정안이 발의되었는데, 이사는 회사뿐 만 아니라 주주에 대해서도 신인의무를 져야 한다는 내용이다. 본 연 구는 이러한 상법 개정안을 논의하기 위해 국제적으로 기업 지배구조 의 모범 사례로 인정받는 G20/OECD 기업지배구조원칙(G20/OEC D Principles of Corporate Governance 2023, 이하 "개정 원칙") 을 검토하여 이사의 의무에 관한 국제적 기준을 살펴본다. 또한, 미국 의 법체계, 특히 델라웨어 회사법과 판례법에서 이사의 신인의무 범위 와 대상을 분석하며, 이러한 국제적 사례들을 바탕으로 우리 상법의 개정안의 이사의 신인 의무 대상에 대한 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. G20/OECD 기업지배구조 개정 원칙2023은 국제적 기준으로서, 기업 지배구조의 지침을 제공한다. 개정원칙에서 이사는 회사와 모든 주주에게 신인의무를 진다는 점을 명확히 하고 있으며, 이사회의 책 임, 윤리적 기준, 리스크 관리, 거버넌스 관행의 모니터링, 이사 보수, 이해 충돌 관리, 이해관계자와의 소통, 정보 공개, 그리고 이사회의 평가 등에 관한 원칙을 포함하고 있다. 이러한 원칙들은 규범적 측면 에서 많은 국가에서 기업 지배구조의 표준으로 받아들여지고 있다. 미국 법체계에서 이사 신인의무는 이사가 회사와 주주의 이익을 최 우선으로 고려하는 것을 요구한다. 특히 델라웨어 회사법과 판례법은 이사들이 회사의 모든 주주를 대상으로 신인의무를 진다고 명확히 규 정하고 있다. 이는 주주들이 이사회의 결정이 자신의 권리를 침해한다 고 판단할 경우 이사를 상대로 소송을 제기할 수 있음을 의미하며, 결 과적으로 이사에게는 주주에 대한 신인의무가 부과됨을 전제로 하고 있다. 전 세계적으로 기업 경영 환경은 디지털 전환, 자본 시장의 글로벌 화, 지속 가능성과 ESG(환경, 사회, 지배구조) 문제의 중요성 증가 등 현대적인 도전과 맞물려 변하고 있다. 이러한 변화에 발맞추어 기 업 지배구조 규범도 변화 발전하고 있다. 상법 개정안에서 이사의 신 인의무 대상을 회사에서 주주로 확대하는 것은 일반 주주 보호와 자본 시장의 선진화를 도모하는 데 중요한 조치가 될 것이며 OECD 개정 원칙에서 강조된 바와 같이 이사가 회사와 모든 주주에 대해 신인 의 무를 진다는 국제적 기업지배구조 기준과 일치하는 방향이다. 글로벌 한 기업지배구조 규범 변화에 대응하기 위해서는 이번 상법 개정안을 통해 이사의 신인의무 대상을 명확히 하고, 더 나아가 ESG 요소를 포함한 기후 변화 문제 등을 입법화하는 추가적 논의도 필요하다. 이 사의 신인 의무를 더 명확히하고 구체화하는 것은 지배 주주로부터 일 반주주의 이익을 공정하게 보호하고 기업의 투명성 강화와 책임 경영 을 촉진하여 자본 시장의 신뢰성을 높이고 경제를 활성화 하는데 기여 할 것이다.

A recent bill proposed in the 22nd National Assembly suggests that directors should owe fiduciary duties not only to the company but also to its shareholders. This study aims to discuss this proposed amendment to the Commercial Act by examining the G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2023 (hereinafter referred to as the "revised principles"), which are recognized as a model for corporate governance internationally. Additionally, we analyze the scope and targets of directors' fiduciary duties under the U.S. legal system, particularly Delaware corporate law and case law, and draw insights for the proposed amendment in the Korean Commercial Act regarding the scope of directors' fiduciary duties. The G20/OECD revised principles provide guidance on corporate governance as an international standard. The revised principles clearly state that directors owe fiduciary duties to both the company and all shareholders. They include principles related to board responsibility, ethical standards, risk management, monitoring of governance practices, director remuneration, conflict of interest management, communication with stakeholders, information disclosure, and board evaluation. These principles are widely accepted as the standard for corporate governance in many countries. Under U.S. law, fiduciary duties require directors to prioritize the interests of both the company and its shareholders. Specifically, Delaware corporate law and case law clearly stipulate that directors owe fiduciary duties to all shareholders. This means that if shareholders believe that the board's decision has violated their rights, they can sue the directors, effectively imposing fiduciary obligations towards shareholders on the directors. Globally, the business environment is evolving due to digital transformation, the globalization of capital markets, the increasing importance of sustainability, and ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) issues. In response to these changes, corporate governance norms are also evolving. The proposed amendment to expand the scope of directors' fiduciary duties from the company to include shareholders is an important measure for protecting minority shareholders and advancing capital markets. This aligns with the international standards emphasized in the revised principles, which highlight that directors owe fiduciary duties to both the company and all shareholders. To keep pace with global changes in corporate governance norms, it is necessary to clarify the scope of directors' fiduciary duties in the upcoming amendment to the Commercial Act and to further discuss the incorporation of ESG elements and climate change issues into legislation. Clarifying and specifying the fiduciary duties of directors will fairly protect the interests of minority shareholders from controlling shareholders, enhance corporate transparency and responsible management, thereby increasing trust in the capital markets and contributing to economic revitalization.

Purpose: Chemonucleolysis is a pioneering technique in spinal surgery that introduces the concept of percutaneous nucleus removal as a minimally invasive spinal intervention. Methods: The procedure involves the injection of nucleus-dissolving agents such as chymopapain through a cannula to induce decompression of the intervertebral disc. Results: Although this method offers advantages in terms of convenience and cost-effectiveness, it presents a major limitation: the inability to control the diffusion range of the injected drug within the nucleus, posing a risk of widespread nuclear degeneration. To address this issue, a technique utilizing a Pluronic-based nanoparticle drug delivery system to restrict the diffusion of chymopapain. Since 2018, Japanese medical practice has replaced chymopapain with condoiase for chemonucleolysis. Although condoliase is a safe drug; it lacks diffusion control technology, leaving concerns regarding potential nuclear degeneration unresolved. Conclusion: This study investigated the technical principles of chemonucleolysis and the mechanisms of controlled drug diffusion delivery systems in chymopapain-based procedures. It also critically evaluated whether the adoption of condoliase in recent chemonucleolysis practices in Japan aligns with the ideals of minimally invasive interventions. Additionally, the feasibility of developing innovative delivery systems and procedures that ensure both efficacy and safety in disc decompression is explored, outlining future directions for chemonucleolysis advancements.

예이츠는 정신자동현상과 자동기술을 사용하여 새로운 시 창작 모형의 시 세계를 연다. 정신자동현상은 시인이 의식이 아닌 무의식의 상태, 다시 말해서 대 립자아에서 전달자와 의사소통할 수 있는 의식의 상태이다. 자동기술은 대립자아 상태 에서 뮤즈 신과 의사소통한 것을 기록한 것이다. 그는 이러한 상태를 모든 영혼들의 밤 에서 죽은 사람의 영혼을 불러내어 그들과 대화하는 기법으로 새로운 시 창작의 기법을 제시한다. 요컨대 그는 시 창작에서 시인의 심리적 상태의 변화를 구체화하여 시 창작에 대한 그의 시학의 원리를 체계적으로 주장함으로써 현대시의 새로운 시 창작 원리를 제시하려고 시도한다.

Yeats opens a world for a new creative poetic model by using automatism and automatic writing. Automatism is a state of consciousness through which a poet can communicate unconsciously, that is, with the antithetical self. Automatic writing is conducted by a poet who communicates with his Muses in the state of antithetical self. He shows this new creative method in the poem “All Souls Night,” where he evokes souls of the deceased and talks with them. In short, he solidifies the poem’s creation through shifting between psychological states, suggesting systematically the principles of his poetics in poetry writing, and showing these creative principles in writing modern poetry.

This essay suggests that Coleridge’s poems of poetic failure are often considered thematically, and perhaps narrowly, in terms of an intensely private genre in which a poet-speaker confronts a scene of personal crisis or transition and confesses lyrical impulses at the breakdown of his creative power. Take, for example, “This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison,” “The Eolian Harp” and “Reflections on Having Left a Place of Retirement.” Fascinated with the images of a poet-speaker secluding himself in an enclosed, embowered place, Coleridge presents the contained site as partly a lyrical and sublime space in which the effects of the fall of imagination could be reversed; but this essay argues that the genre assumes greater importance as it draws on the changing values of plants and places. The genre helps twenty-first century readers understand the Coleridgean tropes of containment and botanical analogies as an open, if stylized, question about the transitions in the cultural representation of rural Britain and vernacular landscapes in poetry. Highlighting the contrasting values of extravagant beauty and vast productivity, Coleridge’s scenic mode helps us rethink the conventional views of Coleridge’s blank verse lyric poems as a vehicle for a quintessential Romantic meditation on the content and interruption of the poetic vision itself.

Semantic Principles of Predication of Korean Serial Verb Constructions Youngju Choi (Chosun University) The purpose of the paper is to argue for Goldberg's (1998, 2010) claim that various kinds of syntactic predication represent limited and shared set of semantic relations. The semantic relations are possible as far as pre-existing semantic frames based on our experiences allow them. She provides English examples, lexical verbs, verb-plus-construction combinations, and coordinate structures violating coordinate structure constraint. I examine Korean serial verb constructions and conclude that they also show the same set of possible semantic relations. One of two verbs can designate a cause of the event the other verb indicates, as shown in mile ponayta ‘push-send'. If you push things, they are going to move forward and at the end leave from you. In other cases, one of two verbs is a precondition of the event the other verb indicates, as shown in kwu-e mekta ‘bake-eat'. The baking event is a precondition for the eating event. Finally, one of two verbs negates what the assertion of the second verb implies, as shown in noh-a mekita ‘free-feed'. The implication of feeding is not to let go of something. You need to put animals into a cage and feed them. But the first verb is negating the implication.