Earticle

목적 : 뇌병변 환자에게 집단 작업치료프로그램을 실시하여 개별 작업치료만 받는 환자와 집단 작업치료프로그램을 병행하여 받는 환자들의 상지기능, 인지∙지각기능 및 일상생활동작에 미치는 영향을 비교, 분석하여 집단 작업치료프로그램 적용 효과를 규명하고 효과적인 프로그램을 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위함이다. 연구방법 : 2008년 5월부터 10월까지 전통적 치료방법인 개별작업치료만 받는 뇌병변 환자 70명을 대상으로 8주 동안 주 5회 60분씩 총 40회의 치료를 실시하였으며, 치료적 활동프로그램이 포함된 집단작업치료프로그램에 참여하기를 동의한 환자 30명을 대상으로 8주동안 주4회 개별치료와 주1회 60분씩 집단치료를 실시하였다. 결과 : 개별작업치료만 받는 환자군에 비하여 집단작업치료프로그램을 병행하여 받은 환자군이 상지기능, 인지∙지각기능과 일상생활 수행기능이 통계적으로 유의하게 높아졌다. 결론 : 전통적 치료방법인 개별작업치료만 받는 환자군에 비하여 치료적 활동프로그램이 포함된 집단작업치료프로그램을 병행하여 받은 환자들의 치료 효과가 더 높았음을 나타내고 있다. 앞으로 보다 많은 대상으로 집단 작업치료프로그램 개발 및 치료효과를 입증할 수 있는 연구가 이루어지기를 바란다.

Objective : This research attempted to prove the effectiveness of applying group activity programs for patients with brain injuries. We compared and analyzed the influence on the upper limbs, cognitive and perception functions, and activities of daily living of patients who received only the occupational therapy and patients who receivedboth occupational therapy and group activity programs. Methods : We tracked 70 brain-injured patients who received only individual occupational therapy, which is a traditional 60-minute therapy that is applied 5 times a week during an 8-week period, and 30 brain-injured patients who agreed to participate in group occupational therapy programs including therapeutic activity programs. We gave this group individual occupational therapy 4 times a week for an 8-week period, along with a 60-minute group occupational therapy session once a week from May to October of 2008. Results : Comparing the patients who receivedthe individual occupational therapy with the patients who received both the individual occupational therapy and group activity programs, there were some significant differences statistically in their upper limbs, cognition and perception, and ADL. Conclusion : These results show that patients who receive both occupational therapy and group occupational therapy programs benefit more than patients who receive only traditional individual occupational therapy. We wish to developother group occupational therapy programs and intend to conduct many researches to prove their effectiveness in the future.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of virtual reality (VR)-based upper extremity (UE) training on UE function, visual perception, and brain activity in a child with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: A 14-year-old girl with spastic CP participated in this study. Immersive VR-based Leap Motion Ⓡ UE training was applied for 6 weeks, with 24 sessions conducted 4 times a week. UE function (grip strength, pinch strength, Jebsen-Taylor hand function test, Purdue pegboard test), visual perception (motor-free visual perception test-3), and brain activity (electroencephalography) were measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Following the VR-based UE training, improvements were observed in the participant's grip strength, pinch strength, Jebsen-Taylor hand function test, Purdue pegboard test, and visual perception. Electroencephalography analysis showed a decrease in alpha wave band power and an increase in beta wave band power. CONCLUSION: VR Leap Motion UE training improved UE function and visual perception and augmented the participant's attention and concentration in a child with spastic CP.

Objective To adapt and standardize the Motor-Free Visual Perception Test-3 (MVPT-3) to Koreans and investigate the change in visual-perceptual function using the MVPT-3 in healthy Korean adults.Methods The Korean version of the MVPT-3 was developed through a cross-cultural adaptation process according to 6 steps, including translation, reconciliation, back translation, cognitive debriefing, feedback, and final reconciliation. A total of 321 healthy Korean volunteers (mean age, 51.05 years) were recruited. We collected participant demographic data, such as sex, age, and years of education, and performed the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) and MVPT-3. Internal consistency of the MVPT-3 and the relationships between demographic data, K-MMSE and MVPT-3 scores were analyzed. The results of this study were compared with published data from western countries including the United States and Canada.Results Total score on the MVPT-3 was positively correlated with years of education (r=0.715, p<0.001) and K-MMSE score (r=0.718, p<0.001). However, it had a negative correlation with age (r=?0.669, p<0.001). A post-hoc analysis of MVPT-3 scores classified age into 5 groups of ≤49, 50?59, 60?69, 70?79, ≥80 years and years of education into 4 groups of 0, 1?9, 10?12, ≥13 years. No significant differences in MVPT-3 scores were observed according to sex or country.Conclusion Visual perception was significantly influenced by age, years of education, and cognitive function. Reference values for the MVPT-3 provided in this study will be useful for evaluating and planning a rehabilitation program of visual perceptual function in patients with brain disorders.

This study examined whether subjective age (SA) protects against the adverse effects of low social activity on cognitive func tion in older people. Data from the National Survey of Older Koreans collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were ana lyzed to test this hypothesis. Among the 10,097 older adults aged 65 and older, 9,878 who met the inclusion criteria were se lected. Participants were classified into “older SA” (n=6,437) and “youthful SA” (n=3,441). The results demonstrated that low social activities decreased cognitive function (B= .55, t= 6.20, p< .001), and this effect was more pronounced in the older SA group (B=.82, t=11.55, p<.001), suggesting that the older SA group is more vulnerable to limited social activities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the reduced social activity of older adults negatively affected their cognitive function. However, these results suggest that maintaining a youthful mind can protect older adults against the adverse effects of limited social ac tivity on cognitive function.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of pressure sense perception training (PSPT) on various surfaces on the somatosensory system, balance, and walking ability in chronic stroke patients. METHODS: Thirty patients with stroke participated in this study and were randomly assigned to one of three groups; group 1 received the general physical therapy and the PSPT on a stable surface, group 2 received the general physical therapy and the PSPT on an unstable surface, and group 3 received the general physical therapy alone. Participants in group 1 and group 2 underwent 30 min/session, 3 days per week, for 4 weeks. Pressure error (PE) was used to evaluate changes of proprioception. The Balancia, Functional reach test (FRT), and Timed Up and Go (TUG) were used to assess the balance ability, and the 10m Walking Test (10-MWT) was used to assess walking ability. RESULTS: Experimental groups (group 1 and group 2) showed significant differences in PE, FRT, TUG, and 10-MWT compared to the control group (p <0.05). Group 2 (PSPT on an unstable surface) was significantly different in PE, FRT, and 10-MWT from group 1 (p <0.05). No significant differences were observed for other measures. CONCLUSION: Pressure sense perception training on an unstable surface might be a significantly more effective method for improving somatosensory function, balance, and walking ability, than PSPT on a stable surface.

This study investigated the influence of diabetes on cognitive decline between the diabetes and non- diabetes patients and identified the as-sociations between diabetes and cognitive function, visual perception (VP), and visual motor integration (VMI). Sixty elderly men (67.10±1.65 yr) with and without diabetes (n=30 in each group) who were surveyed by interview and questionnaire in South Korea were enrolled in this study. The score of Mini-Mental State Examination of Korean version (MMSE-KC), Motor-free Visual Perception Test-Vertical Format (MVPT-V), and Visual-Motor Integration 3rd Revision (VMI-3R) were assessed in all of the participants to evaluate cognitive function, VP, and VMI in each. The score of MMSE-KC in the diabetic group was significantly lower than that of the non-diabetes group (P<0.01). Participants in the diabetes group also had lower MVPT-V and VMI-3R scores than those in the non-diabetes group (P<0.01, respectively). Especially, the scores of figure-ground and visual memory among the subcategories of MVPT-V were significantly lower in the diabetes group than in the non-diabetes group (P<0.01). These findings indicate that the decline in cognitive function in individuals with diabetes may be greater than that in non-di-abetics. In addition, the cognitive decline in older adults with diabetes might be associated with the decrease of VP and VMI. In conclusion, we propose that VP and VMI will be helpful to monitor the change of cognitive function in older adults with diabetes as part of the routine management of diabetes-induced cognitive declines.

본 연구는 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 시지각 훈련 프로그램을 적용하였을 때 시지각 기능과 일상생활활동 수행능력에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 첫째, 실험군과 대조군의 치료 중재 전․후 시지각 기능은 유의한 차이를 보였고(p< .05), 집단의 상호작용에는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p< .05) 둘째, 실험군과 대조군의 치료 중재 전․후 일상생활활동 수행능력은 유의한 차이를 보였고(p< .05), 집단의 상호작용에는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p< .05).셋째, 시지각 기능은 일상생활활동 수행능력의 운동기능 항목에 유의한 차이가 있었고, 상호간의 양의 상관관계가 나타났다(r= .523).본 연구의 결과 시지각 훈련 프로그램이 뇌졸중 환자의 시지각 기능과 일상생활활동 수행능력을 향상시킨다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

This study was aimed to investigate influences of a specific visual perception training program on the visual perception and the activities of daily living(ADL) of patients with stroke. First, before and after of the visual perception in the intervention training program of the visual perception group, which is including not having a training group showed statistically significant difference(p< .05), The interaction of the group before and after intervention training about the visual perception training program showed significant differences(p< .05). Second, the ADL were significantly improved(p< .05) The interaction of the group before and after intervention training about the Activity of Daily Linving training showed significant differences(p< .05). Third, it was noted that visual perception program assessed by MVPT and ADL assessed by FIM measurement had a moderate level of correlations (r=.523). The results of this study showed that visual perceptual training designed in this study increased the visual perceptual and the ADL as well.

목적 : 본 연구는 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 가상현실 기반 프로그램 라파엘 스마트보드를 적용하여 시지각기능, 인지기능, 상지기능 및 일상생활수행 능력에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 울산광역시에 소재한 S병원에 입원한 환자 36명을 무작위 배정하여 가상현실 기반 프로그램의 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 실험군은 라파엘 스마트보드를 적용한 그룹과 대조군으로 과제지향훈련을 하는 그룹으로 나누었다. 하루 40분, 주 3회 8주 간 중재를 시행하였으며, 중재 전과 후에 MVPT-3, MoCA-K, Fugl-meyer assessment, K-MBI를 사용하여 평가하였다. 자료의 분석은 SPSS 22.0을 사용하였으며 통계학적 유의수준은 0.05로 하였다. 결과 : 실험군과 대조군 모두 MVPT-3, MoCA-K, Fugl-meyer assessment, K-MBI 점수에서 유의한 결과를 나타내었다. 그룹 간 결과 비교에서는 실험군에서 MVPT-3, MoCA-K, Fugl-meyer assessment, K-MBI 점수가 유의하게 향상되었다. 결론 : 가상현실 기반 프로그램 라파엘 스마트보드를 사용한 중재가 뇌졸중 환자의 시지각기능, 인지기능, 상지기능 및 일상생활수행 능력 증진에 효과적이다.

Objective : This study was conducted to find out the impact of the virtual reality based rehabilitation program using RAPAEL Smartboard on visual perception, cognitive function, upper limb fuction, and Activities of Daily Living ability of stroke patients. Methods : A total of 36 patients admitted to S Hospital in Ulsan Metropolitan City were randomly assigned to a virtual reality-based rehabilitation program or task-oriented training. The experimental group performed virtual reality rehabilitation program and the control group performed task oriented training. Intervention The intervention was conducted 8 times for 8 weeks, 40 minutes per day, 3 times a week. SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis, and the statistical significance level was set at 0.05. Results : Both groups showed a significant improvement in their visual perception, cognitive function, upper limb fuction and Activities of Daily Living ability. After the intervention, significant differences in the score of MVPT-3, Fugl-meyer assessment, MoCA-K, K-MBI were observe. Conclusion : In conclusion, it is desirable to implement a virtual conduction virtual reality-based rehabilitation program as a rehabilitation program to improve visual perception, cognitive function, upper limb function, and daily living ability in stroke ADL patients.

일본어의 지각동사 「見える」가 인용의 조사「と」와 결합하여 文末에 쓰였을 때 「見える」의 기본적인 의미인 <눈으로 대상의 존재나 형태적 특징을 알다>와 같은 의미에서 확장되어 <판단된다>와 같은 의미를 나타낸다. 이와 같은 종류의 「見える」를 「と見える」라고 부르고 그 의미에 대해 詳述하는 것을 본고의 목적으로 한다. 「と見える」가 나타내고 있는 의미는 「판단한 내용을 시각화」하는 것이라고 할 수 있다. 화자의 판단을 보다 주관적이며 시각화하여 제시하고 싶은 경우에 「と見える」를 사용한다고 생각할 수 있다.

When 「見える(mieru)」, a Japanese verb of perception, is used at the sentence final part together with 「と(to)」, a quotative particle; its meaning is extended to indicate ‘to assess’ from the original meaning of 「見える(mieru)」, ‘to be aware of the existence or morphological features of an object with eyes’. This kind of 「見える(mieru)」is called as 「と見える(to-mieru)」. The purpose of this study is to examine its semantic aspects. 「と見える(to-mieru)」seems to express the idea of visualizing what is assessed. It can be deemed that「と見える(to-mieru)」is used when a speaker wants to visualize own assessment in a more subjective manner.

본 연구는 간호 대학생을 대상으로 건강증진행위 정도와 가족기능, 건강지각, 자기효능감 간의 관계를 파악하고 건강증진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하기 위해 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구결과 가족기능, 건강지각, 자기효능감은 건강증진행위와 상관관계가 있었다. 회귀분석결과 가족기능, 건강지각, 자기효능감은 건강증진행위를 37.7% 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 가족기능, 건강지각, 자기효능감이 간호 대학생의 건강증진행위를 수행하는데 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인으로 볼 수 있어 바람직한 건강증진 행위를 증진시키기 위해서는 가족기능과 건강지각, 자기효능감을 고려한 건강교육프로그램을 개발하여 건강증진행위 실천을 높이도록 해야 할 것이다. 후속 연구에서는 조사대상을 확대하여 연구할 필요가 있으며, 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 간호 대학생들의 건강증진을 위한 프로그램을 개발하여 적용한 후 그 효과를 검증하는 연구가 필요하다.

This is a descriptive research study aimed to investigate the relationship between health promoting behaviors, and some factors such as family function, health perception, and self - efficacy of nursing college students and identify the factors affecting health promoting behaviors. Results showed that family function, health perception, and self - efficacy were correlated with health promoting behaviors. Regression analysis showed that family function, health perception, and self - efficacy seemed to explain 37.7% of health promoting behaviors. Thus, as family function, health perception, and self-efficacy are important factors that affect health promoting behaviors of nursing college students, it is necessary to develop a health education program considering family function, health perception, and self-efficacy to promote desirable health promoting behaviors. In the follow-up study, it is necessary to expand the study subjects and the results of such studies should be applied to the development of programs aimed at promoting the health of nursing college students, and further studies should be conducted to verify the effectiveness of those programs.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of health perception, body image and sexual function on depression according to the menopausal stage in Korean middle aged women. Methods: Subjects were 182 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women who had not received hormonal replacement therapy. A five-item General HealthShort Form (SF-36) Health Survey Questionnaire (Ware & Sherbourne, 1992) was used to measure health perception. Body image was measured Semantic Differential scale, CES-D was used to measure the level of depression, and sexual function was measured by FSFI. Results: The subjects rated their health as 'moderate', their body image as 'moderate, and level of depression as 'high'. However, there were no significant differences in health perception, body image, and depression between perimenopasual and postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal women experienced lower levels of sexual function than perimenopausal women in sexual arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. In stepwise regression analysis, 21.7% of variance in depression was shown to be perceived health and body image in postmenopausal women. However, in perimenopausal women, perceived health and sexual function explained 34.5% of variance in depression. Conclusion: These findings indicate that nurses must consider the menopasusal stage when counseling their patients.

학교폭력이 심각해짐에 따라 학교차원에서 이를 효과적으로 대응하기 위해서 학교폭력대책자치위원회를 설치하였지만, 이 위원회가 효과적으로 그 기능을 수행하고 있는가에 대한 경험적 연구는 그리 많지 않다. 기존의 연구는 대부분 교사의 입장에서 자치위원회를 바라보는 인식들을 주로 조사하였고, 자치위원회의 주요 구성원 중 한 명인 학교전담경찰관이 느끼는 인식에 대한 연구는 전무하다. 따라서 이 연구는 학교전담경찰관을 대상으로 자치위원회의 기능에 대한 만족도, 인적구성의 적합성, 학교폭력에 대응하는 학교장에 대한 인식을 설문조사하였다. 연구의 참여자는 수도권과 비수도권을 포함하는 4개 지방경찰청(서울, 경기, 부산, 울산)에 소속된 학교전담경찰관으로 구성되었고, 자기기입식 방법을 통해 정형화된 문항과 개방형 문항에 대해 응답을 요청하였다. 자료의 분석 결과, 학교전담경찰관들은 자치위원회가 학교폭력 피해자의 보호와 구제에 대해서 상대적으로 그 기능이 미흡한 것으로 인식하였고, 인적 구성에 대해서는 학부모의 참여를 어느 정도 제한하고, 외부 위원의 참여가 보다 확대되어야 한다고 응답하였다. 또한, 학교장이 학교폭력에 대해 보다 엄중하게 대응할 필요가 있다고 인식하고 있었다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 자치위원회 참여위원의 전문성을 제고하고 관련 규정을 개정하기 위한 논의가 제시되었다.

As school violence gets serious, the school system created the local board against school violence in order to respond to school violence effectively. Yet, there are not many studies about the effectiveness of the local board against school violence. A few studies investigated teachers’ perception about the local board while the information about the school resource officers’ perception is not known much. The current study surveyed school resource officers about their perception towards the function of the local board, its member, and the response of the principal to school violence. Participants are the school resource officers working for the four metropolitan police agencies(Seoul, Kyunggi, Busan, and Ulsan) in Korea, and were asked to answer to structured and open-ended questions. The results indicated that the officers thought the local board did not very well for the function of protecting the victim’s rights. In addition, they believed that the participation of parents needs to be limited in the membership, and more experts should be included in the membership of the local board. They also thought the principals should be tough in dealing with school violence. The discussion includes ideas about improving professionalism of the membership and making changes on the related regulations.

최근 소비자들의 차(茶) 제품에 대한 관심이 높아지 고 있다. 이에 각 기업은 소비자들의 관심을 얻기 위한 새로운 전략을 취할 필요가 생겼다. 조사 결과 국제 디 자인 어워드 패키지디자인 분야에 입상하는 브랜드들이 있었고, 이 브랜드들은 공통적으로 패키지디자인에 일 러스트레이션을 활용하고 있었다. 이에 본 연구는 일러 스트레이션을 활용한 차 제품 패키지디자인의 유형과 기능, 그리고 이에 대한 소비자의 인식을 분석하고자 했다. 우선 선행연구 및 단행본을 통해 각 브랜드가 전략 적으로 활용하는 일러스트레이션의 유형을 추상적, 반 구상적, 구상적 일러스트레이션으로 구분했다. 그리고 일러스트레이션과 패키지디자인의 역할을 정리했다. 패 키지디자인의 역할은 제품의 가치창조, 콘셉트 전달, 커뮤니케이션 설계, 경험 가치 창조, 브랜드 자산 형성 이다. 이러한 역할을 수행하기 위해 필요한 디자인적 기능으로 제품 정보 전달, 일관성, 차별성을 도출했다. 일러스트레이션의 경우 시각적 자극과 커뮤니케이션 수 단이라는 역할을 수행했으며, 이를 위한 기능으로 감성 적 소구효과를 도출했다. 따라서 패키지디자인에서 일 러스트레이션의 기능으로 제품 정보 전달, 일관성, 차 별성, 감성적 소구 효과 네 가지를 정의했다. 마지막으로 패키지디자인에서 일러스트레이션의 기 능이 효과적으로 작용하고 있는지 소비자 인식 조사를 진행했다. 그 결과 추상적 유형과 구상적 유형에서 뚜 렷한 기능적 차이가 있었고, 두 유형의 절충적 유형인 반구상적 유형에서는 모든 기능적 특성이 잘 작동함을 알 수 있었다. 일러스트레이션의 유형별로 기능적 차이가 있는 만 큼, 향후 기업들은 일러스트레이션 패키지디자인의 방 향성을 적절하게 취하는 것이 중요하다.

Recently, consumers' interest in tea products is increasing. Accordingly, each company needs to take a new strategy to win the attention of consumers. As a result of the survey, there wer e brands that won the International Design Awa rds package design field, and these brands wer e commonly using illustration for package desig n. Therefore, this study attempted to analyze th e types and functions of tea product package d esign using illustration, and consumers' percepti ons about it. First of all, the types of illustrations strategic ally used by each brand were divided into abstr act, semi-structured, and structured illustration through prior research and books. And the role s of illustration and package design are summa rized. The roles of package design are product value creation, concept delivery, communication design, experience value creation, and brand eq uity formation. Product information delivery, co nsistency, and differentiation were derived as d esign functions necessary to perform these role s. In the case of illustration, it played the role of visual stimulation and communication means, and emotional appeal effects were derived as functions for this. Therefore, in package design, four functions of illustration were defined: prod uct information delivery, consistency, differentia tion, and emotional appeal effects. Finally, a consumer perception survey was conducted to see if the function of illustration wa s working effectively in package design. As a result, there were distinct differences in functions in abstract and structured types, and it was found that all functional characteristics worked well in the semi-structured type, which is an eclectic type of the two types. As there is functional differentiation for each type of illustration, it is important for companies to properly take the direction of illustration package design in the future.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of illness perception on the relationship between family function and health behavior of patients with risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Methods: This is a cross-sectional correlational study. Data were collected from 160 patients using self-administered questionnaires including the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised, Family APGAR, and the Health Behavior Scale. The data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients, independent t-test and multiple linear regression analysis by the SPSS 23.0 program. Results: Health behavior was significantly correlated with family function (r=.30, p<.001) and illness perception of controllability by treatment (r=-.21, p=.007). Family function was a significant predictor of health behavior and illness perception, and the influence of family function on health behavior was partially mediated by illness perception of controllability by treatment. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that family function is a critical factor affecting health behavior and illness perception, and illness perception of controllability by treatment mediates the influence of family function on health behavior. It is necessary to develop a psycho-cognitive intervention program for enhancing supportive family function and for modifying negative illness perceptions to improve health behavior in patients with risk factors for metabolic syndrome.

Recently, there is a substantial interest in implementing Business Process Management System(BPMS) among enterprises with the purpose of business process innovation. BPMS redesigns and coordinates business processes in terms of both automated steps and human involvement in order to maximize the value of both involved people and systems. The reason why BPMS is getting attention from top managers is that it has the possibility to optimize the business processes by cycling the process of modeling, execution, monitoring, evaluation, and redesigning work processes. Thus, it has created high expectations about not only productivity improvement but also business process innovation. However. having an innovative nature, which is used for process innovation, BPMS implementation has great potential to stir up employee resistance. The analysis and the discussion about the prevention of the resistance against IS(Information Systems) is important because IS change the way people work and also alter the power structure within the organization, in general. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that have an impact on the effective adoption of BPMS at the enterprise level. To find out these factors, this study considers two characteristics of BPMS: First. BPMS shares some characteristics with other enterprise-wide IS such as ERP. Second, it has special BPMS-specific characteristics. Due to the lack of previous research on BPMS adoption, interviews were carried out with IT-consultants and CIOs who conducted BPMS projects previously to find out BPMS-specific features that would make BPMS unique when compared to other enterprise-wide IS. As a result, the monitoring function was chosen as the main BPMS-specific factor. Thus, this paper reviewed studies both on enterprise-wide IS adoptions, which applied Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and secondly on computer based monitoring to find out factors that would influence the employees' perception on the monitoring function of BPMS. Based on the literature review, the study suggested three factors that would have an impact on the employee's perception of the monitoring function: fairness of enterprise evaluation system, fairness of the boss, and self-efficacy of their work. Three factors that would impact the enterprise-wide IS adoption were also set: the shared belief in the benefit of BPMS, training, and communication. Then, these factors were integrated with TAM. Structural equation modeling was used to test hypotheses, out factors that would impact the employees' perception on the monitoring function of BPMS. Based on the literature review the study suggested three factors that would have an impact on the employee's perception of the monitoring function: fairness of enterprise evaluation system, fairness of the boss, and self-efficacy of their work. Three factors that would impact the enterprise-wide IS adoption were also set: the shared belief in the benefit of BPMS, training, and communication. Then, these factors were integrated with TAM. Structural equation modeling was used to test hypotheses. The data analysis results showed that two among three monitoring function related factors - enterprise evaluation system and fairness of the boss - were significant. This implies that employees would worry less about the BPMS implementation as long as they perceive the monitoring results will be used fairly for their performance evaluation. However, employees' high self-efficacy on their job was not a significant factor in their perception of the usefulness of BPMS. This is related to cases that showed employees resisted against the information systems because they automated their works (Markus, 1983). One specific case was an electronic company, where the accounting department workers were requested to redefine their job because their working processes were automated due to BPMS implementation.

목적 : 본 연구는 집단 작업 활동 프로그램이 지역아동센터 아동들의 시지각 및 운동기능을 향상시킬 수 있는지 알아보았다. 연구방법 : 지역아동센터를 이용하는 만 6∼9세 학령기 아동 5명을 대상으로 집단 작업 활동 프로그램을 실시하였 다. 프로그램은 놀이를 기반으로 시지각 및 운동기능을 촉진할 수 있는 요소를 포함하였고, 주 1회(90분) 총 9회기 로 진행되었다. 아동의 시지각 및 운동기능에 대한 프로그램 효과를 알아보기 위하여 프로그램 전과 후에 Motor Free Visual Perception Test-Third Edition(MVPT-3)와 Bruiniks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 2nd Edition(BOT-2) 평가를 실시하여 두 시점의 평가 결과를 비교하였다. 결과 : 집단 작업 활동 프로그램은 지역아동센터 아동의 시지각 및 운동기능을 향상시키는 효과가 있었다. 결론 : 본 연구는 지역아동센터 아동들의 시지각 및 운동기능의 발달 촉진에 있어서 집단 작업 활동 프로그램의 효과를 보여주었다. 이러한 경험적 증거는 발달을 촉진하는 작업 활동이 지역사회에 적용되고 확대될 수 있는 근거를 제시한다.

Objective : The current study investigated the effectiveness of group occupational activity program in increasing visual-perception and motor function of children in Community Children Center. Methods : Five children aged between 6-9 years in a community children center participated in the group occupational activity program. The program was designed to facilitate children's visual-perception and motor function based on play occupations. We examined performances of MVPT-3 and BOT-2 before and after the program. Results : Children who participated in the group program showed significant increases in visual perception and motor function. Conclusion : The study revealed the effectiveness of group occupational activity program in promoting visual perception and motor function of children in a community children center, which suggests the possibility of application of occupational activity toward low-income children in the community.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of occupational therapy with collage on the visual perception and hand function for the children with mild mental retardation(MR). This study was held at P Developmental Center using 20 children with mild MR who received treatment for 12weeks. The two groups were divided into the group that participated in both the collage program and occupational therapy(2times per week, 1day collage, 1day occupational therapy) and the group that only received occupational therapy(2times per week, both times occupational therapy) 10 participants were randomly assigned to the two groups, The results showed that the study group increased in both visual perception and hand function(p<.05), while the control group only showed slight increases in hand function (p<.05). In conclusion, this study indicates that occupational therapy using a collage program increased the abilities of visual perception and hand function for children with mild MR.

본 논문에서는 스마트폰의 사진과 영상을 활용하는 상호작용형 콘텐츠 디바이스인 아이퍼즐 이미지 블록과 연동 가능한 시지각 인지기능 훈련 콘텐츠를 구성하였다. 이를 위해 시각기억, 시각연속성, 공간관계, 시각구별의 4개 영역을 도출하고 콘텐츠 동작, 활용방법과 시나리오를 작성하였다. 콘텐츠 이미지를 디자인하고 기존 학습지형 시각 및 지각 인지기능 훈련 자료를 모바일 미니 게임형으로 개발하여 유아의 훈련참여 욕구를 지속부여, 유도하고자 하였다. 개발된 콘텐츠를 활용하여 일반 아동과 보호자를 대상으로 체험활동을 수행하였으며 기본 퍼즐 완구 대비 높은 집중도와 유익성, 효과성에서 의미있는 결과를 확인하였다. 본 논문을 통해 디지털 완구와 콘텐츠를 기반으로 하는 인지기능 개선활동 연구에 의미있는 자료가 되기를 기대한다.

In this paper, in order to compose the visual perception cognitive function training content that can be linked with the IPUZZLE image block, an interactive content device that utilizes photos and videos of smartphones. Four areas of visual memory, visual continuity, spatial relationship, and visual discrimination were derived and the content operation, application method, and scenario were written. It was intended to continuously give and induce children's desire to participate in training by designing the content image and developing the existing learning terrain visual and perceptual cognitive function training materials in the form of mobile mini-games. Experiential activities were conducted for general children and their guardians using the developed contents, and the results were found to be significant in terms of concentration, effect, and effect compared to basic puzzle toys. It is expected that this thesis will be a meaningful data for the study of cognitive function improvement activities based on digital toys and contents.

목적 : 본 연구는 다목적 암맹상자(multi-purpose blind box)를 개발하고 이의 효과성 검증을 통해 뇌졸중 환자의 감각과 시지각 기능향상을 위한 훈련도구로서의 역할을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구 방법 : 연구 대상자는 광역시 소재 병원에서 작업치료를 받고 있는 뇌졸중 환자 33명을 선정 하였다. 연구도구로서 본 연구에서 개발한 감각과 시지각 기능향상 훈련용 다목적 암맹상자를 활용하였으며, 평가도구는 Semmes Weinstein Monofilament(SWM), Two-point Discrimination Test(TD), ModifiedMoberg Pickup Test(MPT), MVPT-3와 QUEST 2.0을 사용하였다. 대상자들은 무작위 할당을 통해실험군과 대조군으로 분류한 후 초기평가를 실시하였으며 실험군에게는 다목적 암맹상자 훈련 프로그램을 1회당 30분간 주 3회를 시행하였다. 대조군은 전통적인 작업치료를 받도록 하였고 실험군과 대조군모두 6주간 훈련 후 재평가를 실시하였다. 결과 : 다목적 암맹상자 훈련 전·후 실험군과 대조군의 SWM, TD, MPT 및 MVPT-3 점수 차이는 대조군보다 실험군에서 유의하게 더 높았다(p<.05). 또한 실험군에서는 다목적 암맹상자 훈련 시행 후SWM과 TD 수치의 감소, MPT 시간의 감소 그리고 MVPT-3 점수는 향상됨을 보였다. 다목적 암맹상자 활용 후 사용성 평가는 모든 문항에서 보통 이상의 수준으로 대답하였다. 결론 : 본 연구결과 다목적 암맹상자를 이용한 훈련이 뇌졸중 환자의 감각과 시지각 기능에 긍정적인 영향을미친다는 점을 알 수 있었고, 향후 훈련도구뿐만 아니라 평가도구로서도 활용할 수 있을 것을 기대한다.

Objective: This study developed Multi-purpose Blind Box and applied to stroke patients who suffered from sensoryfunction and visual perception to provide the role as a training tool. Methods: Thirty three stroke patients were participated as subjects. Multi-purpose blind box developed in thisstudy were used as research tool and Semmes Weinstein Monofilament(SWM), Two-point DiscriminationTest(TD), Modified Moberg Pickup Test(MPT), MVPT-3 and QUEST 2.0 were used as assessment tools. Theexperimental group conducted Multi-purpose Blind Box training program 30 minutes per day with three times aweek while the control group were given traditional occupational therapy. Results: The score differences of SWM, TD, MPT and MVPT-3 between before and after applying Multi-purposeBlind Box training were significantly higher in the experimental group(p<.05). The experimental group showed adecrease in SWM and TD scores, a decrease in MPT time and an improvement in MVPT-3 scores after trainingwith Multi-purpose blind box. Usability after using Multi-purpose blind box were rated more than average in allquestions. Conclusion: This study showed that using Multi-purpose blind box for training had a positive effect on the sensoryfunction and visual perception of stroke patients and therefore it further could be applied for assessment tool aswell.

목적 : 본 연구는 시각, 청각 피드백을 이용한 디지털 페그보드 훈련 프로그램이 뇌졸중 환자의 손 기능과 시․지각에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 연구 대상자는 뇌졸중 환자 22명으로 실험군(시각, 청각 피드백을 이용한 디지털 페그보드 훈련 작업치료 프로그램 및 전통적인 작업치료) 11명과 대조군(전통적인 작업치료) 11명으로 무작위 할당되었다. 실험군은 1회당 30분씩 주 3회 6주간 총 18회의 시각, 청각 피드백을 이용한 디지털 페그보드 훈련 프로그램을 적용하여 치료를 시행하였으며, 1회당 30분씩 주 2회는 12회의 전통적인 작업치료를 받아 총 30회의 치료를 시행 하였다. 대조군은 1회당 30분씩 주 5회, 6주간 총 30회를 작업치료사를 통하여 전통적인 작업치료를 받도록 하였다. 평가는 중재 전, 후로 손 기능을 측정하기 위하여 Nine-hole pegboard test와 뇌졸중상지기능검사(MFT)를 시행하였다. 결과 : 실험군과 대조군 모두 중재 전과 후 Nine-hole pegboard test와 MVPT-3에서 유의한 상승을 보였다(p<.05). 두 군 간의 비교에서는 실험군이 대조군보다 Nine-hole pegboard test와 MVPT-3결과 변화량 차이에서 유의한 향상을 보였다(p<.05). 결론 : 본 연구의 결과를 통하여 시각 및 청각 피드백을 이용한 디지털 페그보드 훈련 프로그램이 뇌졸중 환자의 손 기능과 시․지각기능의 향상을 위한 재활 프로그램에 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the effects of a digital pegboard training program with visual and auditory feedback on hand function and visual perception in stroke patients. Methods : Twenty two participants were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. The experimental group received training using a digital pegboard training program with visual and auditory feedback (n=11), while traditional occupational therapy was administered to the control group (n=11). Hand function was assessed before and after the intervention using the Nine-Hole Peg Test and manual function test (MFT), while visual perception was assessed using the Motor-Free Visual Perception Test-3rd edition (MVPT-3). Results : Following the intervention, both the experimental and control groups showed significant improvements in performance in the Nine-Hole Peg Test and MVPT-3 (p<.05). The improvement on both tests was significantly greater in the experimental group than in the control group (p<.05). Conclusion : The results suggest that digital pegboard training with visual and auditory feedback may improve hand function and visual perception in stroke patients. Therefore, this intervention can be effective in occupational therapy to aid the recovery of stroke patients.