Earticle

코로나19 사태로 한층 더 주목받기 시작한 인간안보 개념은 사회 갈등과 밀접하게 연관된 ‘적극적 평화’의 문제이기도 하다. 적극적 평화는 일상에서의 평화와 연결되며, 이는 개인과 사 회의 안정적인 평화 구축 문제이다. 코로나19는 기존의 사회적 갈등을 더욱 심화시켰을 뿐만 아니라, 잠재된 사회적 갈등도 촉발시켰다. 코로나19는 우리 사회의 내재적이고 구조적 결함 을 여실히 드러나게 만들었다. 코로나19는 우리 사회의 갈등이 체계적으로 생산돼 이중적이 며, 또 복합적으로 구조화되어 작동되고 있다는 것을 보여준 계기가 되었다. 코로나19는 현대 사회의 다양한 문제점과 한계를 극복하기 위한 대안으로 주목받았던 ‘공동체주의’를 다시 소환 하고 있다. 사회갈등 문제는 개인에서부터 지역 사회 전체에 이르기까지 정치, 경제, 사회, 문 화적 영역과 복합적으로 연결돼 있기 때문이다. 이 연구는 사회 갈등 즉, 사회 비평화 문제에 대한 지역공동체 활성화의 필요성을 확인하고 이를 위한 해결 방향을 모색한다.

The concept of human security, which has begun to attract more attention due to the COVID-19 crisis, is also a matter of ‘positive peace’ closely related to social conflict. Positive peace is linked to peace in everyday life, and it is a matter of establishing stable peace for individuals and society. The COVID-19 not only intensified existing social conflicts, but also triggered potential social conflicts. The COVID-19 has made the inherent and structural flaws of our society exposed. The COVID-19 served as an opportunity to show that conflicts in our society are systematically produced and operated in a double and complex structure. The COVID-19 is recalling ‘communitarianism’, which has been attracting attention as an alternative to overcome various problems and limitations of modern society. This is because the social conflict problem is complexly connected to the political, economical, social, and cultural domains ranging from individuals to communities as a whole. This study confirms the necessity of revitalizing the local community for social conflicts, that is, social non-peace issues, and seeks solutions for them.

This research is intended to suggest the policy implications for improving the Comprehensive Rural Regional Development Project (CRRDP)designed by the Ministry of Agriculture, Korean Government. For this purpose, this study explained the problems of Rural regional community, short history of rural development policy trend, and introduced the selected area named "Yong-Du-san region" for the case study of this work. In first, analyzation had made about resident's perception of the Project for the selected region that located in Jecheon city. Secondly this study also checked how the Project affects to improve the quality of local residents’ lives and to develope an Amenity of Village, and consequently how these two factors affects to maintain the Rural regional community. Therefore, Factor analysis was used to delineate underlying dimensions of the Project's impacts and Regression analysis was used to investigate relationship between factors. As a result, the residents' perception of Quality of Lives and Amenity development showed positive in the process of the Project. Also these two reasons showed effectiveness to maintain the Rural regional community. Based on this research, an approach is proposed to promote the concept of community involvement for the Quality of Life with rural Amenities and to enable the inhabitants of communities to improve the conditions of welfare and cultural programs by themselves continuosly.

Community enterprise plays an important role for developing local business. Products from local communities apply local specialties such as high-quality materials and inherited wisdom. This work aims to support merchandises from local community enterprises by bringing out their specialties related to local wisdom and intangible cultural aspects. An ontology is applied to demonstrate the innate information regarding the implicit values of the products and is used as a core for a semantic search system. Details of the products are gathered from their respective community using an interview method and are extracted to align with the developed ontological schema. The semantic search system thus is implemented with a recommendation process for online accessibility for providing the organised information. From evaluation, the developed ontology and its instances are rated highly for their consistency, conciseness, and completeness. In usage, accuracy of the query and recommendation results are evaluated at 97.38% searching accuracy and 85.03% for recommending interesting products.

This paper describes design and development of a system that supports continuous creation of hazard maps by local residents in their daily life. We made an interview survey to design our system in a model traditional town in Saga, Japan. The results show that in spite of continuous efforts, many practical problems remain and residents feel unsafe. Based on these results, we designed and developed a unique ICT-based support system which contributes to community-based disaster prevention/reduction. The continuous resident participation and posting design are core concept for our sustainable community-based approach. Our system continues to support making a hazard map by integrating the community-based hazard information. Local residents register information about the spot (disaster types, a risk level, a photograph, comments, positional information) that can be dangerous in case of disaster. We have evaluated the usefulness and possibilities of our prototype system implemented as an iOS application.

Purpose: Local government public health nurses (LG PHNs) in South Korea deliver integrated community health and welfare services. However, their professional identity is often challenged within welfare-centered administrative structures, and the structural barriers to their role performance have not been fully explored.Methods: An exploratory qualitative study using focus group interviews was conducted. Seven LG PHNs from various local government divisions participated. Data were analyzed thematically to identify key challenges in role performance.Results: Three main themes emerged: (1) Systemic unreadiness and structural support gaps in deployment, characterized by inadequate orientation and ambiguous role boundaries resulting from rapid policy implementation; (2) Challenges in professional identity negotiation within integrated welfare-health frameworks, where the underutilization of nursing expertise and overlapping responsibilities within administrative settings led to role confusion and professional marginalization; and (3) Institutional isolation and absence of clinical governance, resulting from a lack of systematic clinical supervision and institutional backing. Participants reported significant difficulty prioritizing specialized nursing tasks due to limited resources and structural hierarchies.Conclusion: LG PHNs’ effectiveness is hindered by fundamental structural limitations and governance gaps. To prepare for the 2026 nationwide implementation of integrated care, a transition toward nursing-led care management is essential. Policy measures should include establishing a legal role framework, implementing dual-reporting systems for clinical supervision, and promoting inter-professional education (IPE) to empower LG PHNs as proactive community health leaders.

Sustainable development is not possible without the provision of sustainably produced energy. Thus the development and utilization of renewable energy is an essential part of sustainable development goals and the Paris Climate Change Agreement. In this context, Indonesia has committed to expanding renewable energy and to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 29% by 2030. To identify the potential of sustainable biomass production on degraded or marginal land for energy production, supporting rural livelihood and rehabilitation of degraded land, the NIFoS-CIFOR collaborative team has been ongoing work in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia since 2016. Study site is located in the middle of peatland of Pulang pisau district. This area was damaged by peat fire in 2015. Due to this, this land was abandoned by land owner. In 2-ha test land, 5 tree species such as Calophyllum inophyllum, Gliricidia sepium and Pongamia pinnata for biodiel and Calliandra calothyrsus and Reutealis trisperma for biomass, were planted in order to find out suitable species on this degraded peat land. In this presentation, the project is overviewed for further understanding the goals of collaborative research team and the first screened species for marginal peatland.

현대 사회는 재난에 직면해서 재난 발생 이전상태로의 회복을 최소한의 목표로 하고 재난을 관리하게 마련이다. 그러나 재난에 직면하고 극복했던 경험을 가진 사회는 한층 더 발전된 모습으로 새로운 재난에 대비하고 보다 안전하고 지속가능한 사회적 역량을 꿈꾼다. 경험하지 못한, 그리고 예측하기 어려운 새로운 형태의 복잡하고 다양한 재난에 대한 사회적 회복역량 즉 재난 레질리언스는 지역사회가 지닌 인적, 제도적, 물적, 사회적 자본의 유기적 연결에 있고 이를 위한 재난관리시스템을 바람직한 방향으로 이끌어가는 핵심체계이면서 최소한의 구성요건인 코어시스템에 대한 연구의 필요성이 더욱 중요해진다. 코어시스템의 가치, 제도, 리더십, 팔로워십, 역량이 지역사회 재난 레질리언스의 강화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 탐구하는 일은 결국 지역사회 역량을 재난관리에 집중하게 하여 회복과 적응·발전하게 하는 재난관리 시스템의 평가와 유용성을 판단하는 주요한 방안이 될 것이다.

When modern societies face disasters, the goal of restoring to a pre-disaster state is minimal and disaster management is essential. However, a society that has faced and overcome disasters is a more developed society that prepares for new disasters and dreams of a safer and more sustainable social capacity. Disaster resilience, which is social resilience against new, inexperienced, and unpredictable complex and diverse disasters, lies in the organic connection of human, institutional, material, and social capital in the local community and in the disaster management system. The need for research on the core system, which is a key inspection system leading in a desirable direction, is becoming more important. Exploring how the values, institutions, leadership, followership, and capacity of the core system affect the strengthening of community disaster resilience is ultimately a disaster that focuses community capacity on disaster management, resulting in recovery, adaptation, and development. It will be a major way to evaluate the management system and judge its usefulness.

본 연구의 목적은 코어시스템 접근을 활용하여 COVID-19 팬데믹 사례를 분석하고, 그 분석 결과가 재난에 대비하고 대응하는 지역사회의 재난 레질리언스 강화에 적용되는 것을 확인하는데 있다. 일반적으로 투입, 전환, 산출, 피드백으로 이루어진 시스템 모델에서 전환(conversion)과정이야 말로 하나의 시스템이 바람직한 산출을 확보하는데 있어서 가장 중요한 과정인데도 불구하고, 실제로는 블랙박스(black box)로 취급되어 연구 대상에서 벗어난다. 이 연구에서는 전환과정이 어떻게 기능해 야 바람직한 산출을 확보할 수 있는지를 살펴보기 위해 코어시스템 모델을 활용하였다. 코어시스템 은 가치를 중심으로 제도, 리더십, 헌신(팔로워십)과 전문성(역량)이 상호 연결되어 있으며 상호 의 존적이다. 구성요소들은 재난을 극복하기 위한 바람직한 지향성을 지닌다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 예방 및 대비 단계 활동에서의 의사소통과 전문적 경험을 바탕으로 “리더십”과 “전문성(역량)” 이 발휘되었다. 둘째, 의료진과 자원봉사단체, 공무원들의 “헌신(팔로워십)”과 “가치”는 독립적 사고 와 능동적 참여와 협력을 통해 더욱 긴밀해졌다. 셋째, ‘제도’ 측면에서는 위기상황에서의 개인방역 수칙은 마스크 착용, 밀접접촉과 모임을 절제하는 사회적 거리두기 행동의 준거가 되었다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze COVID-19 pandemic cases using the core system approach, and to confirm that the analysis results are applied to strengthening disaster resilience of communities to prepare for and respond to disasters. In this study, the core system model was used to examine how the conversion process must function to secure desirable output. In the core system, institutions, leadership, commitment (followership) and expertise (competence) are interconnected and interdependent based on values. The components have a desirable orientation for overcoming disasters. The main results are as follows. First, “leadership” and “expertise (competence)” were demonstrated based on communication and professional experience in the activities of the prevention and preparedness stage. Second, the “devotion (followership)” and “value” of medical staff, volunteer groups, and public officials became closer through independent thinking and active participation and cooperation. Third, in terms of ‘institution’, personal quarantine rules in a crisis situation became a reference for social distancing behaviors such as wearing a mask and refraining from close contact and gatherings.

무형문화유산은 지역 사회의 문화적 진정성과 정체성을 대표하기 때문에 국 가 및 지역 차원에서 관광을 창출하는 데 중요한 자원이 될 수 있다. 하지만 무형 문화유산의 관광자원 개발, 활용, 홍보에 있어 지속 가능 경영 접근법이 어느 정도 까지 채택되었는지에 대해 거의 알지 못한다. 특히 무형문화유산의 관광 자원 개발 및 전승을 위해 지역주민의 참여는 필수이다. 따라서 본 연구는 한국의 무형 문화 유산의 지속가능한 관광자원 개발을 지역 주민 관점에서 알아보았다. 본 연구의 결 과는 혼합 된 하향식 및 상향식 접근 방식과 기업가 정신의 도입이 무형문화유산의 지속 가능한 관광 자원 개발을 촉진 할 것이라 밝혔다. 이러한 발견은 지속 가능한 관광 자원 개발에서 혼합 하향식 및 상향식 접근 방식을 제기해 문화유산의 관광자 원화에 힘쓰는 정부에 중요한 지침표가 된다.

본 연구는 사회해체론의 관점에서 지역사회 인구구조와 지역 안정성의 관계 검증을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해, 본 연구에서는 우리나라 228개 기초자치단체를 대상으로 도시화⋅산업화로 인한 인구구조의 변화가 지역사회 범죄안전에 미치는 영향에 대하여 지역 경제여건과 도시화 수준, 지방 선거투표율을 통제하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, 지역사회 내 인종의 다양성과 가족해체 현상은 지역사회 네트워크를 약화시켜 지역사회 안정성을 저해하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 고령화는 지역 사회 안전성과 정적 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 셋째 지방선거투표율로 본 사회참여는 지역사 회 안정성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 기반으로 본 연구에서는 인구구조의 변화에 대응하여 지역사회 문제를 스스로 해결할 수 있다는 지역주민들의 집합적 효능감 확대를 위해 다양한 측면에서의 공동체 및 공유 활동 지원정책의 필요성을 제시하였다.

This study examines the relationships between population structure and safety in local community in the view of social disorganization theory. Little is known about how demographic structural changes in local communities impact its social stability including crime safety. The findings show as follow. First, both family disorganization and ethnic diversification at the local community could increase social disorder by weakening social network among residents of local communities which is believed as the foundation of the collective control. Second, aging in the local community was found to be positively related to community safety since such demographic structure may increase social control in the local community. Lastly, political participation such as turnout in local election had a positive effect on community safety. This study suggests that collective efficacy can increase social stability in the local community facing demographic structural changes such as aging, ethnic diversification and family disorganization.

건강 문해력은 특히 외국인 거주자와 같은 취약 계층에서 효과적인 위기관리와 위험 의사소통을 위한 중요한 자원으로 점점 더 많이 인식되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 한국의 한 지역사회에 거주하는 외국인 112명을 대상으로 HLS-EU-Q16, 문화적응 스트레스 척도, 한국어 능력 측정 문항을 사용하여 자료를 수집하고, 상관분석과 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 건강 문해력은 한국어 능력 및 거주 기간과 양의 상관관계, 문화적 스트레스와는 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 다중 회귀 분석 결과, 한국어 능력, 문화적 스트레스, 거주 기간이 건강 문해력의 중요한 예측 요인으로 나타나 48.2%의 설명력 을 나타냈다. 이러한 결과는 건강 문해력이 다문화 공동체에서 위기 대응을 위한 중요한 자원으로 기능하 고 있음을 의미한다. 따라서 언어 접근성을 높이고 문화적 스트레스를 줄이는 것은 포용적 위기 위험 의사소통과 지역사회 기반 위기관리를 위한 핵심 전략으로 고려되어야 한다.

Health literacy is increasingly recognized as a critical resource for effective crisis management and risk communication, particularly among vulnerable populations such as foreign residents. This cross-sectional study examined the level of health literacy and its influencing factors among 112 foreign residents living in a local community in Korea. Data were collected using the HLS-EU-Q16, an acculturative stress scale, and a Korean language proficiency measure, and were analyzed using correlation and multiple regression analyses. Health literacy was positively associated with Korean language proficiency and length of residence, and negatively associated with acculturative stress. Multiple regression analysis showed that Korean language proficiency, acculturative stress, and length of residence were significant predictors of health literacy, explaining 48.2% of the variance. These findings indicate that health literacy functions as an important resource for crisis response in multicultural communities. Enhancing language accessibility and reducing acculturative stress should therefore be considered key strategies for inclusive crisis risk communication and community-based crisis management.

본 연구에서는 이해관계자理論의 도구적 관점에 근거하여 공공기관이 경쟁력 확보라는 목적을 달성하기 위해 전략적으로 사회적 책임활동을 수행한다는 사실에 초점을 두었다. 본 연구에서는 공공기관의 사회적 책임에 대한 이론과 모형을 검토하고, 구조방정식 모형을 활용하여 공공기관 사회적 책임활동이 고객만족과 기관의 평판에 어떤 영향을 미치고, 종국에는 기관의 경쟁력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 분석해 봄으로써 향후 공공기관의 사회적 책임활동을 제고하기 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 사회적 책임경영이 공공기관의 경쟁력에 미치는 영향을 분석하면 왜 공공기관이 자발적으로 사회적 책임 활동을 수행해야 하는 이유를 발견할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 구조방정식 모형의 측정 모델을 독립변수, 매개변수, 종속변수의 세 가지로 구분하며, 독립변수는 공공기관의 경제적 책임, 윤리경영, 사회공헌, 환경적 책임으로, 매개변수는 고객만족, 공공기관의 평판으로, 종속변수는 공공기관의 경쟁력으로 구성하였다. 분석결과 사회공헌과 윤리경영이 특히 공공기관의 경쟁력에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 사회공헌은 공공기관의 평판과 고객만족도에 영형을 미치며, 공공기관의 평판과 고객만족도는 상호 영향을 미치며, 공공기관의 평판은 경쟁력에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 공공기관의 사회적 책임경영 강화 및 지역사회에의 파급효과 제고방안으로 첫째, 공공기관의 사회적 책임에 대한 인식 개선과 검증 강화, 둘째, 공공기관의 사회적 책임 활동 내실화(체감성이 높은 실행 프로그램 확산, 일자리 창출과 사회적 약자 배려), 셋째, 공공기관의 윤리경영 강화, 넷째, 사회적 네트워킹을 통한 사회적 책임경영 활성화(지역사회 기관 간 네트워크 구조화, 공공기관의 혁신도시 이전에 따른 지역사회와의 상생협력) 등 방안을 제시하였다.

This study focuses on the fact that the public agency conducts the social responsibility activities strategically in order to fulfill the goal of ensuring competitiveness based on the instrumental viewpoint of interested parties. This study categorizes the structural equation model into independent variables, mediating variables and dependent variables. Independent variables consist of the economic responsibility of the public organization, social contribution and environmental responsibility. Mediating variables consist of customer satisfaction and reputation of the public organization. Dependent variables consist of the public organization’s competitiveness. Analysis results of this study show social contribution and ethical management especially affect the competitiveness of public agencies. Especially, social contribution affects the reputation of public agencies and customer satisfaction, and reputation of public agencies and customer satisfaction mutually affect each other, and the reputation of public agencies affects the competitiveness. As the improvement plans for public agencies' social responsibility management reinforcement and improvement plan for the riffle effects to regional community, following plans were suggested; first, improvement of understanding about public agencies's social responsibility and reinforcement in verification, second, substantiality of public agencies's social responsibility activities (expansion of execution program with high perception, job creation and consideration of socially disadvantaged people), third, public agencies's ethical management reinforcement, fourth, vitalization of social responsibility management through social networking (structuralization of network between regional community institution, collaboration with regional community according to public agencies's relocation to innovation city).

Climate change poses a major threat to the livelihood security of smallholder farmers in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Although national adaptation initiatives have expanded in recent years, a persistent gap remains between policy frameworks and the lived realities of local communities where adaptation must take place. This study explores the role of community-based groups as local institutional mechanisms facilitating climate change adaptation and mitigating climate-driven impacts. A qualitative research design was employed, drawing on semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. Findings reveal that community institutions, including soil and water conservation committees, reforested area user groups, water user groups, hillside land administration committees, and natural resource development groups, play vital roles in organizing collective action, mobilizing resources, and promoting adaptive practices. The community level institutions perform various activities such as conservation committees coordinate land rehabilitation, reforested user groups support afforestation, and water user groups manage irrigation and domestic water use. Despite limited human and financial resources, agricultural extension workers and local NGOs enhance these groups’ adaptive functions through technical and institutional support. The study concludes that strengthening community groups within national adaptation frameworks is vital to bridge the gap between policy ambitions and grassroots realities.

UNESCO World Heritage listing is often misunderstood by the state party and the community as being tourism promotion or branding. This tendency has led to unwanted consequences, such as gentrification, the commodification of heritage, the loss of physical integrity, etc. Small and medium cities in the Asia and Pacific region have been facing rapid social and physical transformations due to the decentralization and expansion of economy and infrastructures from the metropolitan areas into its hinterlands. These developments have threatened the historic urban core due to weak planning and the lack of a conservation policy. The research aims to formulate a more coherent and comprehensive heritage management instrument for a medium city (e.g., provincial and regional capitals or smaller towns), based on the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) recommendation by UNESCO. Cases in two cities will be used in this study: Semarang and Surakarta in Central Java, Indonesia. The study will focus on three components: (1) Comprehensive mapping of tangible and intanible cultural heritage assets to find the DNA of the Community and place; (2) Capacity building and empowerment of the local community to protect their heritage and to develop the economics of heritage; and (3) Protection and Continuation of the authenticity of local living heritage (the DNA of the Community identity and place personality). It is expected that the outcomes of this research will contribute to (1) the formulation of comprehensive Local HUL Mapping of tangible and intangible heritage as the basis for a more scientific and democratic process in managing conservation and developments; (2) the provision of Heritage Management Recommendations for Local Community and Local Government; and (3) the production of new knowledge through a research paper for academic publication.

The issue of sustainable forest management (SFM) continues to emerge as part of the REDD+ mechanism mitigation efforts. Especially for some developing countries, such as Indonesia, forest management is required to provide benefits to the welfare of local communities in addition to forest conservation efforts. This study aims to identify the economic, social, and environmental impacts of community-based forest management (CBFM) implementation activities, which is one of the implementations of SFM at field level. The primary objectives were to find out the impacts of CBFM activities based on local people’s perceptions and to identify what factors need to be considered to increase local people’s satisfaction on CBFM activities. The data from 6 sub-villages was derived through surveys with local people involved in CBFM activities, interviews with a key informant, and supported by secondary data. The results of the study state that CBFM activities have increased the local people’s income as well as their welfare, strengthening the local institution, and help to resolve conflicts in the study area. CBFM has also been successful in protecting forests by rehabilitating unproductive lands and increase forest cover area. By using binary logistic regression analysis, it found that income, business development opportunities, access to forests, conflict resolution, institutional strengthening, and forest rehabilitation variable significantly affected the local people’s satisfaction of CBFM activities.

Media art has evolved significantly by integrating diverse technological advancements and expanding its conceptual boundaries. However, there remains a lack of standardized terminology to describe media art practices that explicitly incorporate regional contexts, social dynamics, and local cultural resources. This study aims to resolve this terminological ambiguity by proposing a comprehensive framework for defining and categorizing region-based media art practices. Drawing upon extensive literature review and analysis of both domestic and international case studies, this research identifies and defines key terms such as "region-based media art," "site-specific media art," "cultural archetype-based media art," "socially engaged media art," and "public media art." Each term is systematically outlined with distinct conceptual boundaries and characteristics, while acknowledging the interrelations and potential overlaps among them. This framework seeks to provide a clearer understanding and language for diverse media art practices grounded in place, community, and cultural specificity.

본 논문은 지역 주민들의 일상 생활에서의 연속적인 위험지도 작성을 지원하는 시스템의 설계 및 시범 개발을 기술한다. 우리는 일본 사가현의 전통 마을 모델에서 인터뷰 설문 조사를 실시하여 시스템을 설계하였다. 결과는 지속적인 노력에도 불구하고 많은 실질적인 문제가 남아 있으며 주민들이 안전하지 않다고 느끼고 있음을 보여준다. 이러한 결과를 고려하여 지역 기반의 방재 및 저감에 기여하는 독자적인 정보통신기술 기반 지원 시스템을 설계, 개발하였습니다. 지속적 인 주민 참여 및 게시 디자인은 커뮤니티 기반 접근 방식의 핵심 개념입니다. 우리 시스템은 지역 사회 기반 위험 정보를 통합함으로써 위험지도를 계속 작성하도록 지원합니다. 지역 주민은 재해로 위험 할 수 있는 위치에 대한 정보 (재난 유형, 위험 수준, 사진, 의견, 위치 정보)를 등록합니다. 또한 웹 서버를 통한 정보 공유가 가능합니다. 이 정보 공유를 통해 각 지역의 지역 위험 정보를 사용할 수 있게 될 것으로 기대한다.

This paper describes the design and trial development of a system that supports continuous hazard mapping by local residents in their daily life. We performed an interview survey to design our system in a model traditional town in Saga Prefecture, Japan. The results show that despite continued efforts, many practical problems remain and residents feel unsafe. Considering these results, we designed and developed a unique information and communication technology-based support system that contributes to community-based disaster prevention and reduction. The continuous resident participation and posting design are the core concept for our community-based approach. Our system continues to support making a hazard map by integrating the community-based hazard information. Local residents register information (disaster types, risk level, photographs, comments, positional information) about locations that could be dangerous in a disaster. In addition, our system enables information sharing through a Web server. We expect that this information sharing will allow local hazard information for each district to be used.

The recognition on natural disaster was changed from "prevetion" to "mitigation" and then the disaster response capacity of regional level became an important factor. Korea's NEMA is driving the formation of disaster free community as a national project. Therefore at now, We are in urgent need of a means for vitalizing the project. This study surveyed the theories related to the project, surveyed items are the project meaning, project necessity, project types and the relationship with the capacity of local disaster response. Also laws, administrative plans and organization related to the project were reviewed for vitalizing the project. Especially the surveying in organization field included the Korea's CAIND(Citizen Corps Active in Disaster) and the establishment of local disaster response governance. Also the surveying of similarity example included the village formation projects derived by each governance department. As a result, this study shows total 7 vitalizing means in 3 part. As a result, the project vitalizing are urgently need of the preparation of law and institutions.