Earticle

Purpose: This study investigates the effects of beauty-related social networking service (SNS) use on consumer’s preferred hairstyle types (i.e., image management strategies). The objective is to provide useful baseline data for image-making, beauty industry marketing strategy development, and the application of SNS-based marketing approaches. Methods: The study included 298 males and females in their 20s–40s residing in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province (Korea) who had prior experience using SNS. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 25.0 with Chi-square tests, t-tests, one-way analyses of variance, correlation analyses, and multiple regressions. Results: Findings show that greater beauty-related SNS use is associated with stronger strategies related to tools, fashion, interpersonal orientation, and ostentation. Among hairstyle types, having a perm showed a significant positive effect on fashion (p<0.001) and ostentation (p<0.05). Conversely, bleaching had a significant negative effect on conformity (p<0.01). Conclusion: The study confirms a relationship between beauty-related SNS use, hairstyle preferences, and consumers’ pursuit of image-making. Understanding individual SNS usage patterns and hairstyle behaviors in relation to image management is expected to provide valuable insights for developing effective SNS marketing strategies in the beauty industry.

현대 사회의 직장인은 원만한 인간관계와 타인과의 경쟁에서 밀리지 않는 직장 내의 승진을 위한 외모 관리 가 간과될 수 없는 현실이다. 이러한 사회적 추세에 따라 헤어스타일을 포함한 직장인들의 외모 관리 및 인식에 대한 미용학적 심층 연구가 필요한 시점이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 여성 항공사 승무원, 여성군인, 여성 스포츠인, 여성 법조인, 여성 간호사의 직업인을 대상으로 연령, 결혼 여부, 학력, 직업 등으로 분류하여 집단 간 차이를 교차분 석하여 헤어스타일 유형과 선호도에 대하여 면밀하게 분석하였다. 연구 결과 각 직업군 여성에 따라 본인의 현재 헤어스타일 유형 및 모발 질감, 현재 사용하는 헤어스타일링 제품의 용도, 개인적으로 평소 선호하는 여성 헤어스타 일 및 헤어컬러 등 각기 상이한 결과가 나타났다. 본 연구는 미용 마케팅 시장에서의 고객 니즈를 충족시키는 뉴 모드 아이템 개발과 고객 수요조사를 위한 기초 자료로 활용되리라 사료한다.

It is a reality that office workers in modern society cannot overlook their appearance management for promotion in the workplace that does not fall behind in competition with others and smooth human relationships. According to this social trend, it is time to conduct an in-depth cosmetology study on the appearance management and perception of office workers, including hair styles. Therefore, this study analyzed the hair style type and preference closely by cross-analyzing the differences between groups by classifying the occupational persons of female airline crew, female soldiers, female sportsmen, female lawyers, and female nurses into age, marriage, academic background, and occupation. As result of study, it was found that different women in each occupational group had different results, such as their current hair style type and hair texture, the use of current hair styling products, and their personal preference for women's hairstyles and hair colors. This study will be used as basic data for developing new mode items that meet customer needs in the beauty marketing market and researching customer demand.

We are living in the modern society where mass media has been quickly promoted. Especially, teenagers and university students are playing a great role in the whole field of life due to a high dependence on the Internet and smartphone. This study was intended to figure out a difference in the hair styling by the use of mass media, an interest and imitation of pop stars' hairstyle. Significant factors were the Internet use motivation and time. When teenagers and university students were mainly playing a game or shopping through the Internet, the use motivation gave them an great interest and imitation. And the more use time gave them an great interest and imitation. They placed the most importance on clothes, figure, makeup and hairstyle out of appearance management activities of those surveyed. Consequently, this study has an limitation of low frequency in analyzing the relationship with a single item of hairstyle.

본 연구의 목적은 조선시대를 초기, 중기, 후기로 나누어 시대적 배경에 따른 머리모양의 변화를 연구하는 것이다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 조선시대 초기는 체계확립기로서 여성들은 신분과 역할에 따라 정해진 머리모양을 해야 했다. 머리모양은 고려시대 수발 양식과 조선시대의 머리 모양이 혼재 된 이미지를 보이고 있었다. 조선시대 중기는 사림 정치가 행해져 지배 체제에 변화가 온 시기로 둥근 모양의 가체가 크게 유행하였다. 가체 머리는 황소 한 마리 값과 가격이 비슷할 정도로 사치스러워 문제가 야기 되었다. 조선시대 후기는 붕당원리가 붕괴되고 노론 중심의 일당 독재가 등장하였으며, 가체 금지령 이후 궁중에 정착한 삼각형 모양의 첩지머리를 하도록 장려하였고 신분에 따라 그 모양이 구분되었다. 즉 조선시대 초기에는 머리모양이 혼재되는 양상을 보이고 있었으나, 조선시대 중기에서는 체재가 안정되면서 머리모양이 화려한 가체가 유행하게 되었다. 조선 후기에는 사치스럽다는 이유로 가체가 금지되고 첩지머리가 유행한 것이다. 이렇게 조선시대 여성의 머리모양은 시대적 배경에 따라 변화되는 것을 알 수 있었다.

The objective of this study was to examine distinctive changes in hair-style in Lee Dynasty times at different temporal stages, that is, the early, middle, and late stage. The results were summarized as follows. In the early Lee Dynasty when the basic system was still being founded, women were forced to keep their hair-style according to their status and roles and the new hair-style and the typical hair-style of Koryo Dynasty were mingled. In the middle stage characteristic of politics controlled by groups of confucian scholar-officials, round-shaped wigs called gha-ches were in vogue. The price of a gha-che was high enough to be worth an adult cow. In the late stage that featured a single party political system dominated by No-ron party, wearing gha-ches was prohibited. As a result, a new triangle-shaped Cheopji hair-style (so called because a hairpin called cheopji was used) appeared first in the royal court and spreaded to other parts of the country. The shapes were further split into different sub-categories according to the status of individuals. In conclusion, over the many hundred years of Lee Dynasty the women's hair-style changed, roughly reflecting different degrees of social instability, that is, the coexistence of the two different styles in the early stage, the appearance of the spectacular Gha-che style in the middle stage, and lastly the advent of cheopjis put on hairs together with the prohibition of gha-ches in the late stage.

This study aims to propose a variety of methods by applying kitsch features and designing male hairstyles on the basis of the aesthetic features of kitsch. Six kinds of male hairstyles (dandy, regent, two-block, asymmetric, mushroom and Mohican) designs were proposed applying the aesthetic features of kitsch (exaggeration, inappropriateness, pleasure, satire and homesickness) acquired by analyzing the trends of the existing research and literature on the aesthetic features of kitsch and then, applying the hair colors and objects to male hairstyles. Six basic works, six trendy works, and six object works were created for this study. Those works expressed diverse kinds of male kitsch hairstyles containing new emotions by applying popular images and features of high-class culture out of the existing indecent and resistant image of kitsch in order to improve the applicability of kitsch hairstyles and provide basic data for the development of male hairstyle designs, which can express a variety of personalities.

本研究旨在将北奇(Kitch)的美学特征融入到男性发型设计中，并提出各种不同的发型设计方法。本文通过对北奇的美学特征的详细研究和文献分析,把北奇的美学特征(夸张、不恰当、嬉戏、讽刺、怀旧)应用于6种男性发型(花花公子、摄政王、双分型、非对称型、蘑菇型、莫希干发型)设计,提出了多种男性发型，所设计的作品分别为：基本型6、趋势型6、对象型6。本研究价值在于将北奇审美特征融入到男性发型设计中，呈现大众形象和高端文化特性相结合的多种男性发型,为更具多样性的男性发型设计做出贡献。

현대사회에서 외모는 타인과 경쟁 시 우위를 점하는 중요한 수단이기 때문에 사회생활에서 간과할 수 없는 요인 으로 작용한다. 정보과학기술의 비약적인 발전으로 인해 현대사회는 당당하고 독립적인 인생 설계를 위한 진취적 자조 론(自助論)과 새로운 패러다임의 역량을 겸비한 여성성을 요구하고 있기 때문에 1920, 30년대 봉건적 사회 분위기 속에 서도 독립적이며 자주성을 표출한 모던걸이 구사하던 헤어스타일의 앞머리 커트, 아웃라인 표출, 층 단차, 질감 변화 등 구성요소들과 사회적 여성성(女性性)과의 상관성을 미용학 전공 여대생들 관점에서 분석하고자 한다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 현대 여성의 자립과 사회적 역할을 견고히 확립할 수 있는 참신하고 혁신적인 헤어 트렌드의 제시가 가능해진다. 또한 현대사회 여성리더의 사고(事故)와 심리에 대한 표준화를 도출하며, 창조적인 미(美)의 발현을 통해 개인 역량을 최대한 발휘하는 사회 주체로서 자주적 여성성의 정립을 위한 초석(礎石)을 다질 것으로 사료된다.

In modern society, appearance is an important means of competing with others, and therefore it can not be neglected in social life. Due to the rapid development of information science and technology, modern society demands femininity which combines progressive self - help for designing a dignified and independent life and a new paradigm. Therefore, the correlation between the elements such as bang cut, out line expression, layer step and texture change of modern style that modern and independent expressing independence and independence in the 1920s and 30s' Respectively. The result of this study makes it possible to present a novel and innovative hair trend that can firmly establish the independence and social role of modern women. In addition, it is expected to derive the standardization of thinking and psychology of the leader of modern society, and to lay the groundwork for the establishment of autonomous femininity as a social subject that maximizes individual competence through the manifestation of creativity.

This study attempted to create hairstyles using De Stijl ideas. For this, it examined De Stijl techniques and features through previous studies and literature records and classified the results into neo-plasticism and elementalism. Hairstyles were then created on a mannequin primarily through coloring and haircut. To express horizontal and vertical aspects emphasized in neo-plasticism, a hair section was blocked into several sides, and hair was textured. In hairstyle, vertical direction created equilibrium and balance while horizontality delivered calm, passive, and stable feelings. According to the analysis of hairstyles in elementalism, slants were added to conventional horizontal and vertical styles in neo-plasticism, creating more dynamic and cubic styles. It is anticipated that creative art works which combine hairstyling ideation and development with art trends would evolve into a formative art field and accelerate technical systematization.

为了应用风格派技法，创作发型艺术作品，首先以先行研究和文献为中心了解使用技法和特征，然后区分新造 型主义和要素主义，以染色和剪发为主的方式创作了人体模特的发型艺术作品。为了表现新造型主义所强调的 垂直水平美感，把头部划分为多个区域，剪出层次感和质感。从发型设计角度来看，垂直方向给人以平衡有序的 美感，而水平方向则给人以安静、被动、稳定的感觉。表现要素主义的作品则在仅在水平和垂直方向上展现美 感的新造型主义基础上，增加斜线方向的美感，创作出更加动感立体的发型。基于发型艺术设计思维和开发理 念，推进迎合艺术思潮的创意时尚艺术作品系统化，一方面形成造型艺术的一个分支，另一方面不断优化技术体系。

목적: 본 연구는 헤어 커트할 때 두상 분할 후 V섹션라인을 적용하고, 그래쥬에이션 커트와 세임 레이어 커트를 조합했을 때 나타 나는 스타일 변화와 길이 변화를 분석하여 커트 디자인의 기초자료를 제공하려고 하였다. 방법: 모든 커트의 길이는 네이프 포인트 (N.P) 5 cm로 설정하고, V섹션라인을 적용하였다. 후두부는 로우, 미디엄, 하이 그래쥬에이션과 세임 레이어의 각각 스타일에 전두 부는 로우, 미디엄, 하이 그래쥬에이션과 세임 레이어를 혼합 적용하여 총 16개의 조합을 구성하여 스타일 변화를 분석하였다. 커트 후 N.S.P, B.P, T.G.M.P, E.P, S.P, T.P, C.P의 길이 변화를 분석하였다. 결과: 전두부와 후두부의 커트 스타일 조합 방식에 따라 형태선, 무게선, 실루엣의 모양이 뚜렷하게 달라졌으며 V섹션라인의 적용은 동일한 조건에서도 아웃라인의 변화가 다양하게 나타 났다. 결론: 본 연구는 V섹션라인에서 시술각도에 따른 커트스타일의 조합이 무게선, 아웃라인, 실루엣 변화를 결정하는 핵심 요인 임을 실증하였다.

Purpose: This study aimed to provide foundational data for haircut design by analyzing style and length variations resulting from the application of a V-section line after head division, combined with graduation and same-layer cuts. Methods: All haircuts were set to a length of 5 cm at the nape point (N.P.) with the V-section line applied. In the occipital region, low-, medium-, and high-graduation cuts were combined with same-layer cuts. A total of 16 combinations were created to evaluate style variations. Post-cutting, length changes were measured at the N.S.P., B.P., T.G.M.P., E.P., S.P., T.P., and C.P. Results: The design line, weight line, and silhouette exhibited distinct changes depending on the combination of frontal and occipital cutting styles. The V-section line further generated diverse outline variations even under identical conditions. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that the combination of haircut styles along the V-section line is a critical factor in determining variations in the weight line, outline, and silhouette.

目的: 本研究旨在通过分析头部分割后应用V形分区线，结合渐变和同层次剪裁所产生的发型和长度变化，为 发型设计提供基础数据。方法: 所有发型均以颈后点(N.P.)处5 cm的长度为基准，并采用V形分区线。在枕部， 低、中、高层次剪裁与同层次剪裁相结合并与额部应用低、中、高层次剪裁和同层次剪裁混合适用共创建16种 组合来评估其发型变化。剪发后，测量N.S.P., B.P., T.G.M.P., E.P., S.P., T.P., 以及C.P.处的长度变化。结果: 根 据额部和枕部裁剪方式的组合，设计线、重量线和形貌均呈现出明显的变化。即使在相同的条件下，V形截面线 也会产生多种不同的轮廓变化。结论: 研究表明，沿V形线的发型组合是决定头发重量线、轮廓和形貌变化的关 键因素。

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of Korean ‘new women's' hair styles after the enlightenment period by classifying them in the movie “LOVE,LIES” and collecting visual data from the movie. Results are as follows. It could be categorized and classified into a total of six types of styles using Daenggi, bun hair, up-style, long wave, medium wave and a hat-based up-style. The bobbed hair a symbol of the new woman is shown as a symbol of the change to modern women by the act of Soyul cutting her own hair in the movie scene. Later, women's hair was shortened due to the appearance of permanent waves and not only permanent wave styles and up styles but also short angles, marshal-wave bangs and duck-tail bangs were used in hanbok which led to a gradual transition to modern beauty culture. At the beginning of the new style after the enlightenment period Korean traditional clothing and beauty culture coexisted. But since then it can be seen that Korean things have disappeared and have gradually become westernized.

It is the act to receive the favorable feeling of social life and intersexuality to enhance appearance and to enhance the self - esteem of oneself. Hair styles are very important in determining goodwill not only in interpersonal relationships but also in the first impression of heterosexuality. As a result of analyzing the influence of the hairstyle on the first impression, it is shown that 60% in the study of Kang Tae-in (2009), but 80% of the result of this study shows that the proportion of the hairstyle image increases as the age changes. Men in their twenties who are sensitive to fashion are more likely to favor a thick brown long wave and a see-through bang that can appeal to femininity, and they are also more likely to have heterosexuality. I studied the thoughts on the hairstyle of the twenties who lead the current trend of hairstyle of the present age, and I recognized the female hairstyle that I prefer, and I am more active in participating in social life by enhancing the self-esteem as well as employment, And I want to be helped to become a positive social member.

This study is a paper that compares and analyzes makeup and hairstyle for each character in the work starred by actor Seo Ye-ji, and aims to recognize the importance of character makeup and provide it as basic data for character makeup design. As follows. Through this study, it was confirmed that in order to effectively express the characters in the work, not only the actor's acting, but also beauty elements such as makeup and hairstyle must be harmonized together. In addition, it was found that the makeup and hairstyle are changed according to the psychological changes of the character and the development of the play, so that the audience plays a large role to empathize and immerse in the character. Since this study was conducted for the works of one actor and analyzed only makeup and hairstyle, it is expected that a future study will compare and analyze the differences in beauty elements for each work according to the same character and image.

In this study, the images from the TV documentary program the ‘Tears of the Amazon’ were used for research materials and the result, that analyzed the hair styles of men, women and children and the styles of festivals in form and subject, is as follows. First, in terms of men's hair styles, the ZOE tribe has long natural loose curly hair, sometimes, short-cut bangs. On the other hand, the WAURA tribe has one-length cut that is generally short hair, dandy and mushroom style and The MATIS tribe has current trendy the Two-Section cut style. If seeing the subject materials, they put a leather band around brow, wears the hat made of feathers or put it in hair and wears the crown in shape of the wings of peacock-like. Second, as to women's hair styles, they generally have long pony tale, keep the forehead broad by removing fine hairs, have long natural hair with short-cut bangs like as modern trendy style and have long hair V-shape-outlined. If seeing the subject materials, ZOE’s women have their hair tiara decoration or put decoration in shape of crown with thread around head and body. In Amazon where the civilization hasn’t reached, sharp teeth of piranha are used for hair cut. Third, as to children's hair style, boys have short hair like a crewcut, leaving back hair longer as if having dandy style without layer or with a slight layer, and girls have cute one-length having long hair with short-cut bangs, highlighting cuteness. Fourth, for the festival hair style of Amazon’s tribes having excellent formativeness, they have short-cut hair dyed by natural dye stuff called the ‘Wuruggung’ dyes, which have temporary dying effect as modern's do, or wear the hat in shape of crown decorated with many-colored feathers and put the thread around arms and neck to adorn splendidly. And also, they express the children as fish, hang bells weaved on waist and draw abstract design on the body.