Earticle

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a musculoskeletal disorder characterized by progressive loss of articular cartilage; the main symptom of OA is pain, and in addition, stiffness, edema, and movement disorders occur. The prevalence of OA is increasing worldwide, and it is estimated that 9.6% of men and 18.0% of women over 60 years of age suffer from OA. It is also expected to continue to increase due to aging and weight gain. The extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is a non-invasive treatment that penetrates tissues with high-amplitude sound waves generated by high-voltage condenser spark discharges, producing several beneficial effects such as anti-inflammation, pain relief, cell proliferation and angiogenesis, etc. This literature review was conducted to provide more specific clinical evidence for application of ESWT for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) recovery by investigating various ESWT protocols and outcome measures. The databases of PubMed, PEDro, Google Scholar and Cochrane were searched using combinations of the following terms: osteoarthritis AND extracorporeal shockwave therapy. 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion criteria were included in this literature review and extracted data included sample size, sample characteristics, ESWT protocol, control treatment and outcome measurement. This literature review suggests that ESWT is beneficial in improving pain and function in patients with KOA.

이 연구는 배드민턴 동호회에서 행해지는 승급제도문화의 특성과 기능을 심층적으로 규명하였다. 이를 위해 질 적연구의 지적 전통 중 하나인 문화기술지를 이용하였다. 참여관찰, 심층면담을 통해 자료를 수집하였으며, 자료분석은 텍스트 분석을 실시하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 배드민턴 동호인 승급제도문화의 특성으로는 첫째, 계급성이다. 계급 성은 배드민턴 동호인들을 서열화 시키는 수단이 되며, 서로를 구분 하는 척도가 된다. 둘째, 사회성이다. 사회성은 자기 만족, 즐거움과 같은 내적보상과 더불어 건강지향, 입상에 따른 포상과 같은 외적보상을 포함하는 사회화 내용으로 이해 된다. 셋째, 자본성이다. 자본성은 체화된 문화 자본으로서 스포츠를 오랫동안 지속되는 정신과 신체의 성향 형태로 존 재되는 자본을 말한다. 배드민턴동호인 승급제도 문화의 기능은 Merton(1949)의 기능분석틀을 적용하여 분석하였 다. 배드민턴동호인 승급제도 문화의 기능으로 명시적 기능이면서 순기능적인 것은 대중화로 나타났다. 명시적 기능이 면서 역기능적인 것은 고도화로 나타났다. 잠재적 기능이면서 순기능적인 것은 사회자본화로 나타났다. 잠재적 기능이 면서 역기능적인 것은 운동중독, 동호인 간의 이질감 형성 등으로 나타났다.

This study deeply investigated the characteristics and functions of the grading system culture in badminton club. For this, ethnography which is one of the intellectual traditions of qualitative research was used. Data were collected through participation observation and in-depth interview and data analysis was performed with text analysis. The results are as follows. As a characteristic of the grading system culture of badminton club, first thing is hierarchy. This hierarchy becomes a means of sequencing club members of badminton and a measure to distinguish each other. Second, it is sociality. Sociality is understood as an important attribute to reproduce socialization contents which is sociality, including external rewards such as health orientation and prizes by winning together with internal rewards such as self-satisfaction and pleasure. Third, it is capital. Capital is the embodied cultural capital, which is the capital that exists in the form of a spiritual and physical tendency that lasts for a long time in sports. The function of the grading system culture in badminton clubs was analyzed by applying the functional analysis framework of Merton (1949). As a function of the grading system culture in badminton clubs, popularization function appears as clear and positive functions. Advancement function appears as clear and opposite functions. Social capitalization function appears as potential and positive functions. Formation of heterogeneity between members addicted with exercise and club members appears as potential and opposite functions.

This study is intended to explain the grammatical feature of the complex final ending '-kineun(yo)' and to reveal its meaning and function. For this purpose, the grammatical feature when '-kineun(yo)' was used as the final ending of the complex form was investigated and the meaning and function of '-kineun(yo)' dealt with as the grammatical item in the Korean textbook and dictionary were examined. In addition, the examples of '-kineun/-kin', '-kineunyo/-kinyo' appeared in the <21th century Sejong plan corpus> were analyzed by means of the corpus-based approach. Consequentially, first, the sentences grammatically containing '-kineun(yo)' could be seen in the category of fragmentary sentence, which derived from the interrogative sentences containing the irony. Secondly, the meaning of the '-kineun(yo)' was negative and it was used for denying and rebutting the other party's remarks, for protecting the face of speakers and listeners, and was used for representing the naturalness as a meaning of emphasis and for scolding/blaming/complaining. This study is significant in investigating various aspects of '-kineun(yo)' from the discourse dimension through the grammatical review of the complex final ending '-kineun(yo)' and the corpus data.

Frank expression is a common way of expression. This paper defines frank expression as a speech act, and studies its function from the perspective of interaction. According to the analysis of corpus, Chinese frank expression can be used for positive expression, negative expression and zero degree expression. In positive expression, frank expression is used to enhance sincerity. In the negative expression, confession is used to reduce the degree of face threat or prompt threat. In the zero degree expression, the frank expression is used to enhance credibility. In addition, the function of frank expression is intersecting.

Purpose: This study aimed to provide the basic data for improving patient satisfaction and dental services by examining the satisfaction of implant patients who have become important customers of dental treatment due to the increased demand for implants and identifying the factors affecting satisfaction. Methods: Out of 145 questionnaires, excluding 15 questionnaires that were unfaithfully responded to or difficult to analyze, 130 questionnaires were used for the analysis of the satisfaction of the dental patients with implant treatment in 19 dental hospitals and clinics in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Results: Implant satisfaction was as high as 3.20 (±0.56) for masticatory function satisfaction, 3.19 for psychological function satisfaction (±0.59), and 3.01 (±0.58) for social function satisfaction. Conclusion: Consistent patient care is important because an implant is not a one-shot cure but ends over a period of several months to several years. It is meaningful in that this study measured the satisfaction of implant prostheses evaluated from a patient's point of view and examined various factors and needs affecting patient satisfaction to provide the basic data for research that can contribute to improving the satisfaction of implant patients.

The beginning of the modern architecture was an age to pursue new configuration. According to the passing of time, the Catholic church was accepted change. Liturgical space has been sanctified by function of light. It helps to see the objects and to embody a space's existence and meaning. In Catholic architecture, lighting has been considered as an absolute architectural factor connecting faith and worship ritual. Especially light in liturgical space acts as a medium that connects the God with the human. Therefore, Liturgical space has to be designed in order to communication with the God through the light. The purpose of this study is to examine instances related function of the light.

정부가 주기적으로 변동하는 국가에서 제도가 지속성을 유지하려면 환경과의 갈 등을 최소화하여 쉽게 적응할 수 있어야 한다. 그리고 구조를 뒷받침할 수 있는 기 능이나 정책의 진화과정을 이해하고 점진적으로 수정해야 한다. 이 논의를 분석하기 위해 거시적인 역사적 신제도주의 접근이 필요하고 정부 관료제의 일종인 해양경찰 조직도 예외는 아니다. 이러한 배경에 기초한 연구목적은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 역사적 신제도주의 관점에 서 구조 진화와 기능 조정의 의미를 파악했다. 둘째, 해양경찰조직은 김대중 정부 출 범이후 어떻게 진화했는지 기구를 분석했다. 셋째, 기능구조적인 형태와 해양경찰조 직의 기능유형을 교차시켜 각 정부의 기능변화 특성을 추출했다. 넷째, 한국 해양경 찰조직의 기능조정을 위해 고려해야 할 내용을 검토했다. 대체적으로 노무현 정부와 문재인 정부를 제외하면 각 정부의 조직개편 방향과 해양경찰조직의 구조변화는 완전히 일치하지 않는다. 해양경찰조직의 진화과정에서 각 정부가 중점을 둔 해양경찰조직의 기능은 차이가 있으며, 김대중 정부에서는 해 양경찰조직의 기능향상, 노무현 정부에서는 기능 확대, 이명박 정부에서는 기능변화 를 시도했다. 그리고 박근혜 정부에서는 기능조절이 미약했으며, 문재인 정부에서 기능을 재구축했다. 외청으로 독립한 이후의 우리나라 해양경찰조직은 단계별 기능적 진화과정을 겪 었으며, 기능적 측면에서 해양경찰조직의 중대한 전환점은 정부의 변동과 세월호 사 건이며, 후자는 가장 전형적인 단절적 균형상태이다. 정부의 변동에 의한 해양경찰조 직의 변형을 보면, 진화과정에서 가겹 및 재정향 현상이 나타났지만 기능을 활성화 하기 위한 각 정부의 노력은 차이가 있었다. 끝으로 향후 해양경찰조직의 기능을 조 정하기 전에 검토할 사항과 연구의 한계를 제시했다.

To maintain the system continuity, it's important that the system must be able to easily adapt to keep any conflict between it and the environment to a minimum in countries that the government change periodically. and we need to understand the evolutionary process of the function or policy to support the structure, we should revise it evolutionary. To analysis this discuss, it is needed the historical new institutionalism in the macro view. and Korea Coast Guard(KCG), which is a type of governmental bureaucracy is no exception. Because of this, the purpose of this study is as follows. First, it is to understand the meaning of structural evolution and functional adjustment in the perspective of the historical new institutionalism. Second, it is to analyzed organization about how KCG evolved since the inauguration of the Kim Dae-jung government. Third, it is to extract the changing properties according to each government’s function after cross functional-structural form and the types of KCG's functions. Fourth, it is to review some things to consider for adjustment of KCG's functions. On the whole, KCG's structural change are not entirely consonant with each government’s reorganization except for the Roh Moo-hyun government and the Moon Jae-in government. There are differences in the KCG's functions that focuses on the thing that each government will do during the evolutionary process of KCG. Functions of KCG were improved in the Kim Dae-jung government, were extended under the Roh Moo-hyun government, were changed during the Lee Myung-bak government. And the functions of this agency in the Park Geun-hye were less than adjustment of other governments, These functions were reconstructed under the Moon Jae-in government. Since its independence from the National Police Agency, KCG has functionally undergone step-by-step evolutionary process. Functionally, critical junctures of KCG was changes in the government and the tragic sinking of ferry Sewol, The latter the most typical punctuational equilibrium. Considering the transformation of KCG according to the change of the government, layering and conversion appeared, though each government's efforts to activate the function were differences in the evolution process. Finally, the study suggested the details to review before adjusting functions of KCG and the limits of this study in the future.

Following stroke, long-lasting symptoms require specific procedures to improve functional level in everyday life, with aiming of assuring independent daily activities. Based on this principle, the recovery of ambulatory capacity is one of the most important objectives in stroke rehabilitation. Recently, a progress in scientific knowledge highlights neuromechanical approaches and applied technologies (robot-assisted walking system and functional electrical stimulation) to support functional recovery of patients with post-stroke hemiparesis. Although various therapeutic techniques for stroke rehabilitation have successfully used in clinical setting, such techniques are kinds of different and contradict each other in many way. Given that their effects have been reported to be similar, major principles in stroke rehabilitation approaches often cannot be obviously illustrated for clinical use. Recent knowledge has introduced two ways to improve functional disability of stroke patients: Bottom-up and top-down. In general, conventional approaches, including Bobath and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, may be characterized by the bottom-up approach, while top-down approach can be described by the use of task-oriented training focusing on functional training based on principles of motor learning. In stroke rehabilitation, recent consensus highlights functional aspects of the patients and reintegration to premorbid life, and then top-down approach focusing on the effects of functional training supports current prospective to manage their own symptoms and functional disability. However, the effects of musculoskeletal disparity after stroke have not been in full consideration, even though joint malalignment and muscle imbalance is one of major contributing factors to impede normal movement patterns. Such fact indicates that a combination of top-down approaches and musculoskeletal techniques to facilitate normal movement is better alternative to support functional improvement in stroke rehabilitation. Therefore, introduction of novel concepts needs to establish appropriate clinical reasoning and decision-making strategies for stroke rehabilitation in future. This study aimed to demonstrate comprehensive knowledge related to neurophysiological mechanism and therapeutic approaches to improve walking function of patients with post-stroke hemiparesis.

Background: Breast Cancer is the leading cause of cancer death. Considering the lifestyle of women with breast cancer, Pilates may be beneficial as a complementary intervention to standard therapeutic exercise. However, few recommendations are available with guidelines for Pilates programs for breast cancer survivors. Objective: This study aims to systematically review previous studies to assess the effects of Pilates on upper extremity function, lymphedema, depression, and quality of life compared to those with other forms of exercise and standard treatment for women with breast cancer. Method: We searched the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Medline via Pubmed for relevant publications through March 2022. The keywords “breast cancer” and “Pilates” were used as keywords, and randomized controlled trials and single-subject studies were included. Results: Thirteen studies were reviewed. Our results show that improvements in the Pilates groups were better than those in groups engaging in home-based exercise or no exercise at all. The Pilates groups showed improvements in upper extremity function including muscle strength, flexibility, and range of motion, as well as improvements in the quality of life score, and reductions in the severity of lymphedema that were greater than other groups. Conclusion: Pilates can complement traditional treatment programs as a safe model. This systematic review provides valuable information for further studies.

지역교육청을 교육지원청으로 명칭을 변경하면서부터 교육지원청의 단위학교 지원 기능이 강조되 고 있다. 하지만 명칭이 지닌 상징적 의미처럼 교육지원청이 실질적으로 단위학교를 지원하는 기능 을 수행하기에는 아직 많은 한계가 있다. 단위학교 입장에서는 교육지원청에 대한 불만의 목소리가 컸으며, 교육지원청 역시 변화와 혁신의 요구에 부응하고자 노력하고 있지만 현실적 여건의 한계로 기대역할에 혼란을 겪고 있다. 이러한 문제의식을 바탕으로 본 연구는 교육지원청이 학교현장을 지 원하는 기관으로서의 역할을 수행하는데 있어 발생되는 문제점과 한계가 무엇인지, 그리고 개선해야 할 사항은 무엇인지를 제안하고자 하였다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 교육지원청의 역할이 무엇인지, 그리고 그러한 역할을 수행하는 데 있어 제약점은 무엇인지에 대한 교직원들의 인식을 살펴보았으 며, 그 결과를 바탕으로 교육지원청이 학교현장 지원 기관으로 거듭나기 위한 방향성을 제시하였

Since the name of the local educational authority has been changed to the district office of education, the support function of the district office of education for the unit school is emphasized. However, there were many limitations in the symbolic meaning of the name to link to the actual unit school support function. In the case of unit schools, the complaints about the district office of education were voiced. In addition, the district office of education is also trying to meet the demands of change and innovation, but it is confused by its anticipated role due to limitations of realistic conditions. Based on the consciousness of this problem, the purpose of this study is to suggest what are the problems and limitations in the role of the district office of education in supporting the school site and what should be improved. In order to accomplish this purpose, this study examined the perceptions of teaching staff about the role of the district office of education and the limitations of the district office of education in performing such roles. Finally, based on the results, this study suggests direction for the district office of education to become a school field support institution.

The study aimed to determine the effect of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercise on pain, pelvic structure, and function in chronic low back pain patients. The study included a patient with chronic low back pain who volunteered to participate. The patient received PNF exercise during 6 week at the 3 time per a week, each 30 minutes. The PNF exercise included a trunk stabilization exercise and lower extremity strengthening exercise. The degree of pain was measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS), structure of pelvic was measured using the Ganstead method and functional capacity was measured using the Korea version Oswestry idsability index (K-ODI). After the intervetnion, the VAS, difference in pelvis and K-ODI improved. PNF exercise may be effective in relieving pain, structure of pelvis and dysfunction in patient with chronic low back pain.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of an early rehabilitation program through education of caregiver on function, activities of daily living and depression in acute stroke patients. Fourteen subjects with post-stroke volunteered to participate in this study. All subjects underwent the early rehabilitation program for averaging 30 minutes daily for 4 weeks (total of 20 sessions). The outcomes were assessed by the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), the modified Barthel index (MBI), and Korean form of geriatric depression scale (KGDS). FMA, MBI and KGDS showed significant improvement after early rehabilitation program through education of caregiver (p<0.05). This study demonstrates that an early rehabilitation program through education of caregiver may be favorable for improving motor function, activities of daily living and depression of acute stroke patients. This study provides valuable information for further studies in this field. Further studies with wider range of participants and longer experiment span are required to strengthen the results of this study.

In the present study, effects of the muscle tone control technique and functional electrical stimulation approach for the stroke patient’s shoulder pain and upper extremity function. muscle tone control technique and functional electrical stimulation was conducted for 30 chronic stroke patients who were hospitalized or receiving physical therapy in the outpatient clinic at hospital in Gyeonggi province from june to august 2023. The subjects were divided into 2 groups of 15 participants each, a muscle tone control technique and functional electrical stimulation (MF) group and a conservative treatment (CON) group. and muscle tone control technique and functional electrical stimulation was administered for 30 minutes per session, 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The participants’ shoulder pain was measured via the visual analogue scale (VAS), pain threshold and upper extremity function was measured using the Jebsen-Taylor hand function test (JTT), manual function test (MFT). Paired t-tests were conducted to conduct within and between pre/post comparisons. In comparisons within each group, the two groups showed significant differences before and after the training (p<0.05). In the comparisons between the groups, the MF group showed more improvements in balance and attention than the CON group in all tests (p<0.05). MF group was more effective than CON group.

본 연구는 조선 후기 선묘불화의 제작 현황을 수량, 재료, 봉안처, 기능 등 다각적인 관점에서분석하여 그 의미를 규명하는데 목적을 두었다. 조선 후기 선묘불화는 전 시기를 통틀어 가장 방대한 수량이 전하며, 특히 19세기 경상도와 전라도 지역에서 활발히 제작되었다. 조선 후기 선묘불화는 제작 환경 측면에서 조선 전기 왕실 주도의 금선묘불화의 전통이 단절되고, 사찰과 일반 시주자가 후원의 중심세력으로 부상함에 따라 고가의 금을 대신해 백선과 황선이 선묘불화의 주요 재료로 활용되었다. 봉안처는 사찰의 주불전보다는 산내 암자나, 사찰 내부속전각, 승려의 개인 생활공간에 집중되었는데, 이는 사찰의 사회·경제적 여건과 신앙체계가선묘불화 제작의 주요 동인으로 작용했음을 시사한다. 주제는 후불화 형식의 여래도가 주류를 이루며 현세이익적 성격의 관음보살도가 소규모로 다수 제작되었다. 특히 선묘로 제작된 ‘불화불감’은 목조불감을 보완하거나 대체하는 기능적 확장성을 보여주며, 승려들의 교육용 불화로 활용된 사례와 함께 조선 후기 불화의 지닌 형식적 다양성과 독자적인 위상을 입증한다.

This study aims to elucidate the significance of line-drawn Buddhist paintings (seonmyo bulhwa) from the late Joseon period by analyzing their production status from multifaceted perspectives, including quantity, materials, enshrinement sites, and function. Line-drawn Buddhist paintings from the late Joseon period are extant in the largest quantity across all periods, and their production was particularly active during the 19th century in the Gyeongsang-do and Jeolla-do provinces. n terms of the production environment, the early Joseon tradition of gold line-drawn Buddhist paintings led by the royal court was discontinued. As temples and ordinary donors emerged as the central force of patronage, white and yellow lines were utilized as the primary materials for line-drawn Buddhist paintings instead of expensive gold. Enshrinement sites were concentrated in mountain hermitages, auxiliary shrines within temples, or the private living spaces of monks, rather than the main halls of temples. This suggests that the socioeconomic conditions and belief systems of temples served as the primary drivers for the production of line-drawn Buddhist paintings. Regarding the themes, Buddha paintings in the format of altar backdrop paintings formed the mainstream, while numerous small-scale paintings of Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva reflecting desires for worldly blessings were produced. In particular, the “portable Buddhist shrines with line-drawn icons” (bulhwa bulgam) demonstrate a functional scalability that complemented or replaced wooden portable shrines. Together with cases where they were utilized as educational tools for monks, these examples prove the stylistic diversity and independent status held by Buddhist paintings in the late Joseon period.

The present time is fraught with serious environmental problems, such as climate change and increasing air pollutants, which urban greenspaces can remedy through carbon uptake, air purification, temperature reduction, biodiversity enhancement, and energy saving. Specifically, the tree planting structure has the greatest direct influence on urban greenspace function. This structure includes tree planting density, size, species, and vertical structure. However, information on the tree planting structure is scarce because of the diversity of urban greenspace and the heavy investments in manpower and finances required to survey it. Therefore, this study reviewed the recent literature on how to investigate the tree planting structure of urban greenspaces. Previous studies have primarily used field surveys, LiDAR measurements, and aerial photo analysis to examine the planting structure of greenspaces. Field surveys are conducted by humans and can provide accurate information on tree species, crown width, and tree height, but they are very labor-intensive and time-consuming. While LiDAR requires less manpower and time than field surveys to capture a greenspace, the process of stitching the images and obtaining tree dimension information is laborious. In contrast, although aerial photo analysis is advantageous for measuring crown width based on existing data, it is limited by the difficulty of identifying vertical structures and the fact that dimensions such as height and diameter can only be inferred through indirect methods. Based on these findings, this study explored efficient tree planting structure survey methods.

After a stroke, sensory-motor damage, cognitive impairments, and emotional problems can significantly impact an individual's level of functioning. These issues often persist for an extended period, necessitating long-term care for patients with stroke. Although some recovery may occur through acute management in the hospital, functional limitations may still remain. Therefore, it is crucial to implement community-based management even after the patient is discharged from the hospital. Professional rehabilitation within the community has been shown to aid in restoring independence and improving the performance of daily activities, thus enhancing functional recovery for patients with stroke. Stroke rehabilitation experts play a vital role in promoting functional activities as integral members of the community-based stroke rehabilitation (CBSR) services. To achieve this, an optimal treatment program should be established based on knowledge and evidence of the components and application models of the CBSR services. The CBSR services have proven effective in restoring function and providing healthcare for patients with stroke, helping to reduce the burden on both patients and caregivers, as well as lower overall medical costs. The successful implementation of the CBSR relies on providing flexible, patient-tailored services that are cost-effective and adhere to evidence-based stroke rehabilitation guidelines. Addressing challenges related to the CBSR application can be accomplished through further research, focusing on essential factors required to deliver evidence-based treatment in real-world settings. To ensure the application of optimal the CBSR services, additional studies should be conducted to determine the appropriate intensity and duration of professional stroke treatment in the community.

Product designs play a very important role in the purchasing decision-making process of consumers. Therefore, this study aims to examine how the two factors of product design, "form" and "function," affect consumers' price sensitivity and its mechanism through experimental research. In experiment, this study shows that aesthetically designed products lower the price sensitivity of consumers, while functionally designed products increase the price sensitivity of consumers. In addition, this study indicates that this effect is caused by consumers' emotional state. To be more specific, this study suggests that aesthetically designed products lower price sensitivity by generating consumers' high-arousal emotion, while functionally designed products increase price sensitivity by causing consumers' low-arousal emotion. Finally, this study intends to discuss the theoretical significances and practical implications of the experimental results.

본 연구는 고등학생이 지각하는 건강관리능력에 미치는 영향요인을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. D시 고등학생 최종 119명을 대상으로 2020년 5월 7일부터 9월 17일까지 진행하였다. SPSS WIN 22.0 프로그램 을 이용하여 t-검정, 일원 분산분석, Pearson's correlation coefficients, 위계적 회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였 다. 고등학생이 지각한 건강관리능력은 가족기능의 하위영역인 가족결속력(r=.65, p<.001), 가족적응력(r=.54, p<.001)과 정적인 상관관계가 있었다. 고등학생의 건강관리능력에 유의한 영향요인은 성별(β=.17), 자신의 건강상 태 인식(β=.23), 가족결속력(β=.45)으로 확인되었으며, 모형의 설명력은 50%로 나타났다. 추후 고등학생들이 지각 하는 가족기능과 고등학생의 건강관리의 실천을 증진시키고, 건강한 성인기를 위한 건강교육 프로그램 중재 및 효 과 검증 연구를 제언한다.

This descriptive survey study identified the factors influencing the abiliy of healthcare perceived by high school students. The survey was conducted from May 7, 2020, to Sep. 17, 2020 for 119 high school students in City D. SPSS WIN 22.0 program was used to for t-test and one-way ANOVA with Pearson’s correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression analysis. The ability of healthcare perceived by high school students had a static correlation with the sub-domains of family function, that is, family cohesion(r=.65, p <.001) and family adaptability(r=.54, p <.001). For male students(β=.17, p =.012), those who reported a high level of perceived health status showed a high level of ability of healthcare(β=.25, p <.001). Significant influencing factors on high school students' health management ability were identified as gender (β=.17), their own health status perception (β=.23), and family cohesion (β=.45), and the explanatory power of the model was 50%. appear. Further research is hereby suggested for validation of the mediating role and effects of health care education programs to improve the family function perceived by high school students, encourage their practicing of health care management and help them to enter into healthy adulthood.

본 연구는 외측 발목 염좌의 병력이 있는 중등부 축구선수와 없는 축구선수 간 신체 능력과 발목에 대한 자가 보고 설문지의 차이를 확인하기 위해 수행되었다. 총 100명의 중등부 축구선수가 본 연구를 위해 모집되었다. 모든 선수에 대하여 발목 관절가동범위(체중부하 발등굽힘, 안쯕들림, 가쪽들림), 하지 정렬 상태(엎드린 자세에서 뒤꿈치-정강뼈 각도, 정강뼈 안쪽번짐 각도), 정적 자세 조절 능력(발 떨어짐 검사), 동적 자세 조절 능력(star excursion balance test), 신체 조정력(한 발 왕복 호핑 검사), 주관적 발목 기능 인식도(foot and ankle ability measure, FAAM)를 조사하였다. 그룹 간 평균비교를 위해 독립검정 t-검정을 실시하였으며 통계적 유의수준은 0.05로 설정하였다. 통계분석 결과, 외측 발목 염좌 그룹은 건강한 대조군에 비해 일상생활뿐만 아니라 스포츠상황에서도 유의하게 좋지 않은 FAAM 점수를 보였 다(p<0.05). 그 외 다른 변인의 통계적 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구결과에 따르면 외측 발목 염좌 그룹은 주관적 발목 기능의 감소가 있었으나 실제 신체 능력에는 차이가 없었다. 외측 발목 염좌는 만성 발목 불안정성을 야기하고, 이는 축구 수행능력을 감소시키며 관절염, 건강관련 삶의 질을 악화시킬 수 있다. 따라서, 중등부 축구선수의 외측 발목 염좌는 적절하게 관리되어야 한다.

This study aimed to identify differences in physical fitness and self-reported questionnaires about ankles between youth soccer players with and without a history of lateral ankle sprains(LAS). A total of one hundred U-15 soccer players were recruited for this study. The following variables were collected by experienced investigators: 1) dorsiflexion in weight bearing condition, inversion, and eversion for ankle ROM; 2) rearfoot angle in prone position and tibial varum for alignments; 3) the foot lift test for static postural control; 4) the star excursion balance test for dynamic postural control; 5) the side hop test for coordination; and 6) the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) for self-reported questionnaires. The independent t-test was used to compare mean differences between groups and the significant level was set at 0.05. The LAS group showed lower scores of FAAM-activities of daily living and sport (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the other variables between groups. The LAS group had decreased subjective ankle function but not physical fitness. As LAS may result in chronic ankle instability, which may cause decrease in soccer performance and osteoarthritis, and health-related quality of life, LAS of U-15 soccer players should be treated properly.