Earticle

The role and function of the facility asset in the knowledge and information-oriented society are getting important so that they need to manage to collect and arrange the data to utilize efficiently. Especially, a university is the space that various actives are mutually connected and multiply occurred. Therefore, it is necessary for an integrated facility management system if management of university facility and status is considered as the assets that is efficiently administered and emerge from concept of a simple information or maintenance management. However, the establishment of manage school affairs in domestic universities are almost complete so that it is being efficiently utilized in various works, while the use of integrated facility management system is incomplete. Hence, this study researches on the status and future plan of facility management in the universities and then it will provide basic data to introduce a integrated facility management system of the universities.

A new building discharges many pollutant at the finishing materials. So people in the new building have headache, sensation of giddiness and disgusting. This study examined that how to reduce indoor air pollutants using indoor air pollutants reduction material made of natural products(NAPR). NAPR is manufactured by natural vegetation and mineral material as chrysanthemum leaf, pine leaf, germanium and activated carbon. Of the matrial of NAPR, natural vegetation material have the effect of deodorization also disintegration, and mineral material have the effect of absorption. This study practiced the laboratory test and field test as NAPR. As a result on laboratory and field test of NAPR , formaldehyde is reduced by absorption effect. And indoor air pollutants reduction material made of natural products are up to the standard.

Discrete event simulation has been widely used in construction operation modeling and analysis to measure and improve productivity of construction methods. However, the method has not been applied to Curtain-wall operation which cover 10~15 percent of entire project cost in tall building construction. It is crucial for a project manager to predict the productivity of curtain-wall operation alternatives. To secure the competitive standing in international tall building construction market, it is important to find the best construction operation alternative obtainable from optimum resource combination. Curtain-wall operation model using simulation is proposed to maximize the productivity of curtain-wall operation incorporating with the sensitivity analysis. A case study is presented to demonstrate the validity of the model. using Micro-Cyclone, the optimum resource combinations was found in two different perspectives, that is the cost and duration using sensitivity analysis. This study contributes to improve the productivity of curtain-wall operation by finding suitable resource combination at job-site.

This paper presents a method which optimizes the cost allocation in the design process of a metal curtain-wall unit using Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method. From the literature survey, it was found that previous researches have been focused on maximizing customer-satisfaction using QFD without considering the constrained budget. This paper describes how the limited budget condition is considered in the QFD process for a curtain wall design. A case study is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the method proposed by the authors. The method contributes to deliver the curtain-wall design in a way to satisfy the level of requirements of both the customer and the curtain-wall contractor by calculating a solution vector allocating limited budget to the Technical Attributes(TAs) of the curtain wall unit according to the importance weight of Customer Attributes(CAs).

High effectiveness of concrete need to improve work-capacity, through concrete capacity improvement. The quality characteristics of concrete using high-range water reducer in domestic market are evaluated in order to put to practical use of high performance concrete with high mobility, high strength and high durability. This study discusses the fluidity and strength properties of cement mortar mixed according to the addition ratio and type of high-range water reducer. The purpose of study is a fundamental study on performance comparison and effect of high-range water reducer. As a result, The fluidity augment in the addition ratio of high-range water reducer. one of the most fluidity is poly carboxylic acid high-range water reducer. Air content considered that the later addition is bigger than the first addition. Compressive strength analyzed one of the most naphthalene sulphonate of type and 0.5% of addition rate. Also, strength increase in the time. Tensile strength and flexural strength does not undergo a big influence in the addition and type is not.

Recently, the use of fly-ash as a part of cement content in concrete is very common. But, it has been indicated that the compressive strength of concrete using large amount of fly-ash as a part of cement content in early age is low and carbonation velocity is fast. Thus, the purpose of this study is to suggest a reference for a design of mix proportion of mortar using fly-ash with the physical properties found from a test performed: a test adding sodium sulfate to mortar proved that the early strength of mortar is increased. In this study, the strength development property when micro grinding fly-ash fineness 4000,6000㎠/g was used, the problem of the early strength decline when fly-ash is added, and strength increasing effect and physical change using sodium sulfate as pozzolan stimulator for strength of age 28day increase are examined.

Since Portland cement invented and was used as the structural material, our residential environments have changed a lot, and the application of the cement products have been extended farther. But studies to satisfy the various demand in the structural material aspect are faced with environmental problems, so we were confronted with an urgent situation, the development of new alternative material. However, When taking account of economical efficiency and the structural properties, I think that it is not easy to develop substitutes for cement. In this respect, the technical improvement will do much to conserve the global environment through recycling and development of economically-friendly materials. On this demand, Hwangto which was raised as an economically-friendly material when the use characteristic is given proof in recent times, cement mortar substitution Cement mortar substitution. High store efficiency eneficial to the human body Infrared ray of vast quantity aims the point which is radiated has been used as flooring closing materials of house, the application as a material of construction is receiving careful study. Therefore, in this study, we examined the liquidity and the intensity of sand rate, the study set up its condition of testing combination as Hwangto, Non-sintered Hwangto and W/B 50%, W 180kg/㎥ sets replacement ratio look into technical features of mortar by using Hwangto, an eco-friendly material. As a result, it showed that the more rate of sand increased, the more liquidity decreased and the more airspace increased. Also, in the intensity respect, it showed great intensity in the 40% of sand. The tendency which follows in replacement ratio increase was insufficient and the burglar quality shows the tendency which increases.

A Hwang-toh, one sort of great nature, is fit with constructure friendly, in this situation that occuring harmful objects of cement. Although, in this case that not to practical use because of cracking by shrinkage and low strength, the study is started from that supplying PVA fiber(a organic fiber) in Hwang-toh by replacement ratio. In order to improve tensile strength, bending strength and tenacity of Hwang-toh as a structure and obtain relatively bigger adhesion strength of it. The result of study, However, the application ability is not much enough. Only one result that checked out is that replacing PVA 0.3% followed Hwang-toh replacement ratio in 25% of Hwang-toh has appliment ability as a structure. Keep studying with result is able to use valuable Hwang-toh, as constructure material for practical use.

Experimental studied about the fundamental quality which leads a fiber reinforcement in the Polymer cement which is mainly used with the existing repair reinforcement material from the present paper, and gasped the internal troubles quality which follows in each fiber and grasps the internal troubles quality of each material which follows in executed. Mixed PE, NY, CEL, PVA fibers which are a fiber which is used generally mainly from duplication in the Polymer cement and grasped a respectively quality. In order to grasp the fundamental physical properties of these fibers experimented the basic quality hard of the hard concrete, and compared the seal and the compressive strength of the stiffening concrete and grasps a difference the research which accomplished. Internal troubles quality in the stiffening concrete the sea water route measures the brine permeation which is caused by repeated a dry dipping in goal. Also the difference analysis accomplished the research which tries about non-crack and crack. Fiber reinforcement grasped the effectiveness and an effectiveness re-with construction of the mortar which leads and when applying in actual space-time to analyze an economical efficiency and a commercial characteristic, tried

Consumption of river sand has been remarkably increased due to lack of fine-natural river sand in current domestic construction site. Taking river sand in any matter human beings please, however, is found to be the major reason of coastal erosion and that of destroying habitats and an egg-laying site of oceanic life. Moreover, both of environmental development limitation and shortage of river sand are pushing further toward the difficulty in collecting an aggregate. As being faced problems with getting an aggregate, researches ―that are suggesting an alternative substitution which can be used instead of a natural aggregate― are now under way. According to the studies, it is required to extent the usage of steel slag. As a part of a basic research focusing on spreading the use of steel slag which is quick frozen with rapid air, this study is aiming for suggesting a ground support from the Physical Properties of Mortar experiment. This experiment is formed that 6 ascending levels of steel slag replacement ratio-0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100%, and 40 percent of water-cement ratio. Setting two opposite environment, one measured air content and table flow in liquid condition, and another measured compressive strength, tensil strength, and flextural strength in hardening condition. As a result of the experiment, getting higher level tends to show increased fluidity and decreased in air content at the same time. The other measurements-compressive strength, tensil strength, and flextural strength-have also increased as replacement ratio goes up. Therefore, it is considered that if the steel slag substitute concrete aggregate, it will give a boost up the improvement in fluidity and the quality of the aggregate.

Recently ultra high-storied buildings are built variously as experiment result, the buildings increase to improve durability and economic feasibility. Development and research of compound ashes for high efficiency concrete swaddling clothes security are consisting as many-sided in these advantage point. meta kaolin is receiving rem newly as principal parts compound ashes, which is Profitable environment conservation enemy been coming to the fore socially with economical aspect displaying durability and strength of level such as present. Therefore, execute an experiment to analyze effect of the replacement ratio that get flowing and mechanical properties of mortar. according execute the replacement ratio of meta kaolin and silica hume by 0, 15, 30, 45%. Experiment result Liquidity effect of Meta kaolin mortar displayed tendency that fall decline in the metathesis rate since in case it is the metathesis rate 15%, and tensile strength showed tendency such as compression strength according as the metathesis rate increases, and the air amount decreased greatly according as the metathesis rate increases. In the case of compression strength, show tendency until metathesis rate 30%, and fell in case of something wrong. All tensile strength and flexural strength showed tendency such as compression strength. Liquidity of mortar of Silica fume displayed tendency that flow performance increases more or less preferably until metathesis rate 15% and the air amount shows resemblant tendency with meta kaolin.In the case of compression strength display most strength revelation and strength.

Recently, Interest about SHCC(Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composite) that improve tensile and bending properties than existent concrete that do of this construction new material is rising. But field application is very difficult owning to difficult of manufacturing of SHCC with large fiber volume fraction by concrete manufacture process, and mechanical properties is influenced by workability and fiber dispersibility. This study is thus comparing mechanical properties of SHCC like compress, bending and tensile strength between by concrete batching plant and by 30ℓ2-shaft mixer in laboratory. It is proven that compress, bending and tensile stress of PVA-SHCC manufactured by concrete batching plant was lower 20% and above than by 30ℓ2-shaft mixeris. One side, in this study, mechanical properties of low sand-binder ratio PVA-SHCC is higher than high sand-binder ratio.

The purpose of this study is to select proper window glazing systems by considering the climate of the various weather condition of different cities. To compare the difference of annual energy use of each area, this study has chosen Seoul, Boston, Fairbanks, Los Angeles, and Miami. This study has applied different condition of glazing color in each area. Using each of the weather condition, this study simulated the building by the energy simulation program VisualDOE. There was big difference of the amount of the annual energy use by each area. As a result of our study, for cooling, double glass shows the highest energy reduction and for heating, doubled low-e of green and blue glass are the perfect glazing to save energy. This study have founded that the best way to save the energy is to study the exact weather condition of each area to apply suitable glazing systems.

Environmental problems caused by overusing the fossil fuel are now making a global warming intimidating existence of the human race. We requires sustainable residential heating system which is zero carbon emission system than fossil fuel using system. The traditional Gudeul is direct heating system using woods, and so, it has high energy efficiency and zero carbon emission heating system. Generally, traditional Gudeul could not make warming all spaces equally. It is a week point of this system. On this study, we suggest the practical model of Gudeul by improving the traditional system. As the results of the experiments, improved 1:1model has the best efficiency of heating. Especially, Gaejari, Agungi, the form of Gorea, and the gradient of underfloor are confirmed to improve the efficiency of heating. Improved Gudeul has better efficiency than mechanical heating system, and echo-friendly. It is suitable for alternative heating system.

The world faces a significant crisis of a shortage water supply. UN anticipates that two-thirds of people (70 billion) over the world will be pressed from need of water by 2050. Besides, the long-run development plan of water resources, in 2011, estimates that there will be scarce of water for 20 billion tons. So, any new construction or extension buildings are required by law to install gray water system to solve the shortage of water supply problem. However, researches that are the actual condition of gray-water operation system are not enough. If the installed gray-water system which is invested tons of money by law does not work properly and even stop operating, and so on, when the law takes effect, it is not only loss of economic but also could not help the fundamental problem of water shortage. Thus, this study is purposed to more activate gray-water system through analyzing the present condition and actual situation of buildings adopted gray-water system in Busan

The most recent trend the number of nuclear families of one or two people is sharply increasing. and small units are increasingly popular like a studio buildings or apartments. This situation is occurring not only in the downtown area but also in university towns. But the performance is very different. Because of legislation about airtightness performance. So this study will measure the airtightness performance in apartment of university towns, and will calculate the times of ventilation. And we will study heating performance and air conditioning depending on airtightness performance.

Purpose of this research focused that utilize Plant and Hardwood charcoal for density decrease of TVOCs and HCHO, CO2 that is Contaminant that emit in building and analyze indoor air Quality improvement effect. Divided experiment space by Case A according to arrangement method of Plant and Hardwood charcoal, Case B, Case C, Case D. Date of measurement method is different but measured automatic series during 8 hours without person's exit and entrance in uniformity period of time. Could confirm indoor air Quality improvement effect in experiment result Case B, Case C, Case D. TVOCs density reduction effect was highest Case D, and HCHO density reduction effect is high head of a family in Case B. And CO2 density reduction effect appeared some in Case B, Case C, Case D.

The work space which applies VDT(Visual Display Terminal) uses monitor applies which emits the light by oneself. Almost these has been replaced from CRT to LCD. A monitor which emits the light fatigues The eyes of worker by The natural light and Artificial illumination. In order to solve this problem must change the location of the window and artificial illumination of the office. However it is difficult to change because the Fact is coming to be planned from design phase of construction. If from the office where generally the window and artificial illumination are fixed classified a location. and a Location is classified as group and analyze illumination environment of each groups.

This study basically aims to examine how the GBCC system, which has been implemented since 2005 regarding school facilities, is actually being applied to schools and to survey students' satisfaction and awareness of school facilities. Ultimately, this study is to contribute to improving environment-friendly certification indexes and promoting the system. When it comes to research methods, a school with the green building certification and a school without it were selected for comparison, the two schools were visited for the investigation of their actual conditions, and then, based on the results, a survey was conducted for the students of both schools on their satisfaction(POE) of the school facilities, and finally, the results of the two schools were compared with each other and analyzed. The results of this study shows that the facilities of the school with the green building certification are much superior to those of the school without the certification as well as the former has more various facilities then the latter. Nonetheless, facilities with the green building certification were found to miss something in terms of maintenance and management. Most of the survey questions show that students of the school with green building certification have higher satisfaction and awareness levels for school facilities than those of the other school students without the certification. However, the difference was a merely relative one, with most students of the school with the certification answering "so so" for their school facilities in terms of absolute evaluation.

In order to ensure building energy management at an appropriate level continuously, it is necessary to define clearly service work of energy management and to suggest evaluation index whether energy management in buildings is fit and improvement is needed or not. But, evaluation index of energy management level in buildings is not suggested yet in Korea. So, the purpose of this paper is to suggest evaluation index of energy management level in buildings, investigate the present state of Korean buildings and evaluate energy management levels. As a result of surveys of evaluation index of energy management, it is found that portion of level 1, which is the best level, is higher than any other level, level 2, level 3. And, throughout analysis, it is found that as total floor area is larger, evaluation index of energy management level is better, and, in order to increase energy management level, first of all, there is necessary for building's users to change understanding about energy saving and make a reform of national policy of energy management in buildings. Because there is rich relationship between items among evaluation index of this study and result value of evaluation index, evaluation index of energy management suggested in this study is available to evaluate energy management level in buildings.

This study focuses to develop the E-co friendly building materials instead of the usage of the cement building materials. Also the motive for the study is to notice a serious aspect of environment pollution, discharge problem from lots of waste, the consumption amount of energies by currently aggressive construction activities. Through the experiment on a environment capacity of the wood frame, I hope to present that its possibility to use in modern buildings for man's environment. In the near future, we look forward to using the research by base date about thermal characteristic and thermal environment of the wood frame. Finally I think that many researches about Eco-friendly materials fitted for human life should be progressed actively.

Recently. IAQ(Indoor Air Quality)is regarded as one of the most important environment factors as well as thermal and acoustic comfort. This study carried out experiments in order to evaluate reduction effects of volatile organic compounds. The experiments consisting of natural ventilation and bake-out methods were done. A lot of paints, adhesive and chemical materials which are known to emit gaseous chemical pollutants are being used in building. So, this study was conducted to establish the bake-out procedure and evaluation method used with a scale model. To determine the effectiveness of the bake-out on Formaldehyde and VOCs reduction. The results of this study were as follows; it was confirmed that the emission rates of formaldehyde and CO2 decreased after bake-out in a temperate of 32∼34℃

These day, Many people are interested in remodeling which gets less expenses of new buildings according to deteriorating many buildings. So, the government reduce 15years of remodeling terms to 15years after may of 2008. But, remodeling of apartment buildings didn't expand right and left or before and behind side. Accordingly, the problem about light environment is passed by reducing daylight factor. Now, we offer solutions to settle light environment problems of a apartment building in remodeling