Earticle

Recently, as new concept concrete such as fiber reinforced concrete and ultra high early strength is widespread rapidly in construction industries and they have reached commercialization. However, compared to development of concrete performance, production, placement and curing conditions are insufficient for the study. In particular, the strength development of concrete is different according to the order of material addition in the concrete mixer. So, this paper focuses on the effect of mixing method on the mechanical properties of concrete. In this work test is conducted according to sequence of materials using concrete twin mixer.

The blackout occurred in September 2011 showed that it causes extensive damage to the whole society. Especially important facilities like hospitals even suffer worse situations which cause casualty. This lab selected twelve hospitals in Daegu city and inspected the selection of hospitals on power supply installation status, energy load model which we compared to the emergency power standards by a literature search. Considering the current equipment status and management status of the hospital buildings, we offer three suggestions for emergency maintenance functions.

The purpose of this study was experimented by reviewing the possibility of applying non-sintered loess as a building material. And this study was to evaluate and compare chemical characteristics of cementless mortar with non-sintered loess according to percentage of non-sintered loess without adding any cement. To evaluate non-sintered loess mortar which is one of the natural resources as cememt admixture, we examined the durability and resistance to sulfate attack. As the result of this study, the resistance to sulfate attack of non-sintered loess mortar and durability is increased more than OPC. So, we concluded that the durability of non-sintered loess mortar is more effective than OPC.

Recently, BIM application was extended to many sectors in all areas of construction, from design and construction management to contract, cost, time, and quality management. However, in case of non-uniform steel building construction, architect didn’t consider the constructability and steel fabricator had much effort to re-design steel members. More than this, steel member information wasn’t connected form design to construction stage. The object of this study was to suggest improved process of steel fabrication collaboration between subcontractors, from analyzing BIM information exchange process of non-uniform steel design-construction phases. Using BIM tool, steel characteristic information could be exchanged, steel fabrication productivity could be increased from saving data input time and decreasing information errors. This study would help to the BIM introduction of steel subcontractors by general information exchange of common BIM tools.

This study aims develope a Cyclone Simulation Expert System for the formworks. CYCLONE System is helpful for saving cost and time when planning constructions. But it is used only for education not for the real construction project. It is difficult for construction planners to apply CYCLONE to project. This study will help formwork planners to generate and use CYCLONE System without deep knowledge of it. Planners can generate CYCLONE Syntex just inputting several construction conditions.

Cement mortar and concrete, the material is readily available and relatively easy to shape processing , and superior compression and durability , can be constructed as a stable structure has the advantage is most widely used as a building material . Non- firing weapons in the polymer binder polymer mixed with a non- firing mortars used by the flexural strength , tensile strength , adhesion, watertightness , abrasion resistance, excellent chemical resistance , and is effective in improving the waste, using ecocement, high-performance cement, superior strength and durability of cement are trying to develop .

Globally, There are environmental problems due to CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions rate of the cement industry is very high, but the continued demand of cement is needed in the future. In this study, in order to reduce the environmental impact of CO2 emissions from cement production, The experiments were carried out for the development of alkali-activated cement by granulated ground blast furnace slag. Observe the chemical properties such as acid resistance, Cl- penetrate resistance. From the experimental results, as compared with portland cement usually confirm the chemical properties excellent, it is expected be possible to apply to the undersea, underwater and underground structures that require superior durability.

In construction industry, the cement-making processes accounts for a big part of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. In addition, recycling of waste also causes environmental pollution problems. Nowaday, there are many steady researches about alternative materials and recycling of wastes. Therefore, this research focused on basic research to manufacture inorganic composite using blast furnace slag of industrial by-products. We used waste gypsum board micro powder and by product phospho-gypsum to reduce of the amount of alkali stimulant and control condensation. Then, hardening Cementless-body was examined to get the characteristics of strength properties.

BIM for each building to ensure that information is accurate and consistent cross-linked to enable the design of technology. However, there is no person which it will be wholly responsible and the small architectural design office is not easy to progress the medium-large size project. Therefore, in this study, the prototype of the template for the efficient introduction of BIM tries to be developed in the small architectural design office.

The purpose of study tries to evaluate the technology which analyze the mechanical property of the polysilicon sludge and red mud and durability with the cement replacement institution and can supplement the reduction of the environmental contamination and defect of the red mud and poly silicon industry. The detection result showed the liquidity that liquidity reduced as the replacement ratio of polysilicon sludge increased more than Plain. and the Natanaeeot Gohda the time is shortened the replacement ratio the setting time test result is altogether the red mud and polysilicon sludge increased by the high absorption rate. In addition, The depth of neutralization showed that it increased as the replacement ratio of the polysilicon sludge increased.

This study is the thing about the standardized element technology development which the plant grows to the optimum environment. For this, the elemental technology standardized based on the introduced plant factories was developed till now. The elemental technology is comprised of the housing, system control, nutrient supplying, illumination, and air environment control part. This factory system of plant can provide the environment optimized by the plant growth.

In case that a disaster occurs in a building which asbestos was used as one of the materials, a large amount of asbestos will fly in all directions, which will cause a huge damage on the environment and human health. However, there have not been any related studies for optimal treatments of asbestos containing materials in disaster. Therefore, This study is designed to select the requisites of the asbestos management system for the optimal treatments of asbestos containing materials in disaster through the Delphi analysis of the expert panel in the areas of disaster and construction environment. The result was that a consensus that all of 40 elements were either important or very important was made out of the experts.

Our interest in the remodelling market increases because of its advantages against reconstruction - relatively high profitability and short construction period. Lately the remodelling of inhabited office buildings is surfacing because of the maintenance of the value of buildings and the operation of facilities. To to this, the constraints due to inhabitants as well as the characteristics of remodelling construction need to be taken into consideration, which requires more systematic management. Thus this study will identify the influence factors of the remodelling of inhabited buildings from the view point of inhabitants and constructors, conduct a criticality analysis and suggest data for the efficient management.

Evolution of electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) of piezoelectric (PZT) sensor embedded in cement paste was investigated to predict the setting time of cement paste. EMI signatures of the PZT sensor were continuously measured from casting up to 12 hours. Vicat needle test and semi-adiabatic test were conducted to compare and correlate the evolution of EMI with setting time. Results showed that EMI responses are sensitive to the ages of the cement paste and the behavior of the EMI resonance peak has a clear correlation with the setting times obtained from Vicat needle test. Based on the results, it is concluded that the EMI sensing technique using embedded PZT sensor can be effectively applied for setting time monitoring of cement paste.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the evaluation of CO concentration in underground parking based on CFD. The air ventilation is effected by temperature, atmosphere speed and concentration. So, this paper deal with method of installing the jet fan and it is prepared with same average temperature, atmosphere speed and concentration of outdoor CO. After simulating, we can check average concentration of CO in underground parking lot. From the test result, Just Case 2, it is only satisfied with legal standards at almost of the parts except for side of the underground parking lot. In our opinion, if we check some parts which is over the legal standards at the area before constructing a parking lot, we will be able to save energy, cost.

This study was aimed to develop a heat reflection insulator that maintains a certain shape despite external pressure by using an aluminum sheet and paper honeycomb. For this, heat transmission coefficient according to contact rating of honeycomb on an aluminum sheet was measured and analyzed. As a result, the following results were obtained. Therefore, when an aluminum heat reflection insulator does not contact with foreign materials, it shows excellent insulation efficacy even though it is thin so it is judged that it would be advantageous to secure room area of a building.

Promote a high quality of play cement with cementitious powder from waste concrete, blast furnace slag and fly ash as sub material to development recycled cement in the way of 700℃ low-temperature heating. As a result, the fluidity test of recycled mortar using recycled cement, the composition of recycled cement to slaking by CaO greatly reduced by sub material added result in increased liquidity. And also, recycled cement with blast furnace slag as sub material is more superior in improvement of compressive strength than without adding cement..

This study tried to develop the artificial stone utilizing the waste porcelain and waste glass in the magnesia phosphate ceramic as the cement and natural aggregate substitute material. Engineering properties were analyzed in the total volume of waste porcelain and waste glass addition to the 40, 50, 60, 70(%). Low carbon environment-friendly artificial stone the applicability tried to be verified compressive strength and flexural strength, percentage of attendance, density, absorption rate, were analyze. As a result, Cement and natural aggregates that do not use artificial stone as the use of low-carbon eco-friendly artificial is likely to believe that waste porcelain and waste glass the addition rate 70% specimen.

A policy for recycling waste concrete has been extensively studied, but it is still lacking to recycle and reuse as a cementitious powder, and the property has big different depending on the aggregate rates. In this study, the amount of cement powder according to the internal properties of the aggregate were mixed. From as a result, Concrete Powder to play inside the aggregate composition of the cement composition CaO rigs that causes loss of power and strength reduction due to rising real water cement ratio will affect large.

A policy for recycling waste concrete has been extensively studied, but it is still lacking to recycle and reuse as a cementitious powder, and the property has big different depending on the aggregate rates. In this study, the amount of cement powder according to the internal properties of the aggregate were mixed. From as a result, Concrete Powder to play inside the aggregate composition of the cement composition CaO rigs that causes loss of power and strength reduction due to rising real water cement ratio will affect large.

This research measured the temperature variations of gang form rebars within the mold during a cold weather condition. The summarized results are as follows: regardless of the diameter of the rebar, it was found to be –13~-15℃ before the sunrise where the outside temperature was around 2℃ which did not seem to affect the rebar temperature. The temperature of rebar was found to be rising beginning 8 AM as the sun rises and reached above freezing temperature two and a half hours later around 10 AM. The temperature began to rise in the order of smaller rebar diameter progressing up to the larger diameter and reached the maximum temperature around 2 PM. The temperature of most rebars decreased close to the outside temperature by 8 PM.

This research aims to develop a job-site noise monitoring system for worker’s safety by using smart- phone. According to the korean occupational health and safety act, employers have to establish and implement a hearing protection-program against the noise of workplace exceeding 90dB. This standard fit in manufacturing workplace, but it is difficult to apply to the construction site. Construction workers tend to move contiguously throughout a building and also they work with sharing space. Actually it is not avoidable that some crew shares the same space with a noise maker in a specific time. Therefore, it disturbs the communication between members of same crew and results in an accident. This study presents an approachment for real-time identifying and monitoring workers exposed to a noisy workplace inside of a building and providing the information to the safety manager.

The study aims to make summing simpler and more efficient by improving standard of construction cost calculation of previous summing method in order to calculate proper construction cost of apartment housing applied with a model based on crew and offering foundation to calculate proper construction costs. Therefore, this is intend to comparative analysis on labor costs of the apartment housing concrete work of current cost estimating and work crew combination cost estimating.

Recently, due to the increase of global cement consumption environmental problems has become a major problem in the concrete industry, various efforts have been tried. Fly-Ash as industrial waste coming from the thermal power plant sought how to be used as admixture. Fluid, condensation, flexural strength and compressive strength was measured on the basis of Blast Furnace Slag mixed with Fly-ash 0. 20. 40 (%) on behalf of Cement and then 10% of stimulants was added to produce a pozzolanic reaction.

Due to the centralization of metropolitan, risk on mass evacuation caused by disasters is increasing. In such situation, to minimize the damage, unit area should be secured to shelter to control mass population and provide a safe distance. For this reason, This paper grasps a lack of facilities, considering the number of students in the university expected to increase a floating population in Daegu. As a result, Sangyeok 3 dong located at Kyungpook National University was forecasted a shortage of shelter. Therefore in this paper analyzes the current state of evacuation vulnerability, derive the resulting problems and give the method intending for shelter by each building and migration path to the assembly point to improve the problem.

Modular house construction has many advantages as duration reduction, quality, speedy demand response. However in Korea, modular house is in initial growth phase. The objective of this study is that characteristic analysis of steel modular house construction based on QFD(quality function deployment). Consumer requirement of steel modular house construction is safety, quality, aesthetically, functionality, cost. Quality characteristics of steel is seismic structure, fire-resistant structure, eco-friendly materials, uniformity, productivity. Results showed that structural safety and overall quality requirement about consumer need is good but is slightly insufficient in terms of cost reduction.

In construction site, material management was conducted by hand and written on paper typically. This method is time consuming and there is a high possibility of omissions. In order to improve the limitation, this research presents a material management system using IT. In this system, QR code technology using smart phone is applied for convenient access to database. The database built by MySQL presents material flow information from entry to construction. It is expected to be used for managing material history effectively.

Recently, excessive energy consumption and resource depletion become to be big issue in the building sector. Many researches focused on the technic and the design method of the energy-saving but there are few researches on the comprehensive analysis for the energy-saving effect of the design factors. This study aim to analyze the effect of design factors on heating and cooling loads at the standard housing model. For the accurate calculation of energy load, dynamic energy simulation code (TRNSYS17) was used and case studies were conducted. As the results, it was found that the most effective factor in cooling was the area of the window. Furthermore, the amount of ventilation was most important design factor in heating load. In the future, through more calculation for various design factors and cost analysis the optimal design method will be established.

Understanding occupants usage pattern is very important to reduce energy consumption of building section and to understand energy consumption pattern. But research for schedules is inadequate. In this study, survey for apartment housing residents in Busan. And analyze the occupancy schedule, lights schedule, equipments schedules. This data is used of basic for understanding energy pattern.

In Korea, As greenhouse gas reduction obligation and energy saving arise with rapid climate change, high oil price and energy depletion, Energy Target Management System is being enforced since 2010. And the building part of the system is considered important part. Kyungpook National University was selected as object of the system. As a part of the system, University is changing building’s cooling control system from individual control to central control. So, I would like to find plan to heighten energy efficiency and occupants satisfaction with comparison energy consumption of before and after of the system, research of indoor thermal environment, survey about satisfaction of occupants