Earticle

The purpose of this study is to apprehend characteristic of space in dual use library. Library of Korea have been many changes. Those changes have a goal to meet the diverse needs of residents, community promotion, the active region. This is consistent with the trend of the library shown in a foreign country. Libraries in foreign countries have made a variety of efforts for the better library. Movement happening actively these day is an dual use library. We need to know about dual use library more showing different aspect with Korea. I studied how to show spatial configuration in dual use libraries and how to stand closer to the community and what kind of characteristic the library shown. By shopping these features, the result of this study is utilized as basic materials in the future plans of libraries.

The most outstanding characteristic of Mies van der Rohe's architecture is the Column. By observing the change of the use of the Column, we try to seek Mies van der Rohe's intention. Farnsworth House is the center showing transition from the early part to the latter. We are going to analyze the Column specifically of Farnsworth House and grasp the feature of Mies van der Rohe's architecture. The observation is composed of three parts: the characteristic of the early Column, comparative study with other architects, the visual from the inside. The United States at the time of the characteristics that will understand through Farnsworth House.

The purpose of this study is to confirm possibility of cementitious powder from waste concrete as row material of recycled cement. From the results, we ascertained possibility as recycled cement through flow, compressive strength and XRD of cementitious powder mixing BS & FA. As a result of experiment, cementitious powder from waste concrete, which appeared to recovery hydration chemically at the calcining temperature of 700. And flow test & compressive strength of cementitious powder from waste concrete mixing BS & FA suggested higher than recycled cement without BS & FA.

There are PVC, PVF, PVDF, PTFE, ETFE that kinds of architectural membrane. Nowadays coated membranes are made of synthetic fibers or glass fibers have durability and mechenical property better than existing membrane, so it have been globally used as a material of large span spatial structures. ETFE membrane is transparent lightweight film form that synthesized teflon and ethylene, so it has longer life cycle than PTFE membrane. The tensile strength test of PVDF, PTFE, ETFE membrane are performed in this paper. PVDF, PTFE, ETFE membranes with two different thickness are used in this test. The test method is strip method which written in KS K 0521, KS M 3054. In the result of stress strain relationship curve by the different membrane thickness that interpreted by comparative analysis.

In general, the semi-rigid connections are preferred for low rise structure. If semi-rigid connections are used for floating structure, the additional moments due to wave loads can be reduced and more economical construction will be possible. In this study, the moment-rotation relationship of semi-rigid connections are assumed by the power model that have three parameters such as initial stiffness, ultimate moment capacity, and shape coefficient of the connection. In order to conduct the probability analysis of semi-rigid frames, the monte-carlo method is used. In this study, the lateral drifts can be predicted though the stochastic method.

Lately there happened big earthquakes all over the world. For that reason, many researchers in earthquake engineering have recently argued that Korea is not safe from possible earthquakes around the Korean Peninsula. Therefore they are studying regarding performance-based seismic design which could estimate behavior of structure like real structure and reflect the performance for minimizing damage of the earthquakes and estimate. So, approximate nonlinear methods have been studied to conveniently estimate nonlinear response of structure with sufficient accuracy and practicality. To perform approximate methods, appropriate lateral force distributions are required. But their suitability are not assured yet. In this study, it is to examine effects of lateral force distribution on approximate analysis of nonlinear seismic response of structure under earthquake load by nonlinear dynamic analysis, nonlinear ductility factor method and nonlinear direct spectrum method.

The purpose of this study is to explore the authenticity of Jeju architecture, to give attention to contemporary architecture that we inhabit, and to escape from existing architectural discourse of Jeju architecture. This study seeks to the ontological thinking of Jeju architecture on the basis of the judgement of critique and ontology of architecture. The ontological thinking of Jeju architecture can be studied in the aspect of disinterested of authenticity and ontological question of authenticity. As a result of this study, two aspects in the ontological thinking of Jeju architecture are revealed. One aspect of the authenticity of Jeju architecture is laying in the disinterested area. Another aspect is that authenticity of Jeju architecture is revealed through the ontological question of Jeju architecture. These aspects means that the authenticity of Jeju architecture as thinking which represents ontological layer of Jeju architecture.

The purpose of this study is to explore the polyvalence of Jeju traditional housing, to give attention to contemporary architecture that we inhabit, and to escape from existing architectural concepts of Jeju traditional housing. This study seeks to the meaning and possibility of the polyvalence on the basis of social and cultural factor especially poly structure in Jeju traditional housing. The polyvalence can be studied in the aspect of architectural space that molds human experience and perception. As a result of this study, two properties in the polyvalence are revealed. One property of the polyvalence is territorialization that is revealed by relations between space and space. Another property is that reterritorialization that is revealed in exchanges according to space setting of village and its structure. This results means that the polyvalence as interface which represents community and culture in Jeju traditional housing.

Concrete pontoon of floating structure is transformed in accordance with wave loads. This transformation has an effect on the superstructure. As a result of depending on the stiffness variation of concrete pontoon and period of wave, moment of superstructure decreases according to the increasing stiffness of concrete pontoon, but the effect on the axial force is insignificant. If stiffness of concrete pontoon is same, moment of superstructure increases according to the increasing period of wave.

The main material of curtain wall, which is the exterior system in buildings, has been made with glass or metal. Theses materials have weaknesses such as inadequate insulating quality, combustibility and toxic gases in fires substance. However, Autoclaved Aerated Concrete(AAC) or Autoclaved Lightweight Concrete(ALC) has excellent thermal insulation properties and seem to possess the superb insulating quality as substitute of existing exterior materials. In this research, it seem to about the kind of the strength properties of ALC materials which became according to the hydrothermal synthesis temperature · time of the ALC material and the hydrothermal synthesis program was developed. Also, the mixed solution content control experiment, the ALC adaptability evaluation of the high-strength concrete raw material, the adaptability evaluation of the thermosetting resin, and the carbonized test were proceed in order to analyze about dispersion of the autoclaved bubble according to the kind of the progression synthetic product and strength characteristic. The outcome that it could secure the promotion of the secure of the equal distribution of the bubble of ALC and intensity by controlling the content according to the hydrothermal synthesis product through this research was obtained.

In a late Joseon Dynasty era, Yoengsoongjeon, Jangryeongjeon, Manryeongjeon were constructed to enshrine royal portraits in Ganghwa-Island. This study intend to examine architectural forms, styles as well as changing factors of the above architecture(Yoengsoongjeon, Jangryeongjeon, Manryeongjeon) with building Background. Yoengsoongjeon had temporary hall with a purpose of dealing with an emergent case, However, It was expanded at a later date. The reasons were Yoengsoongjeon had a purpose to protect royal portraits and ancestral tablets[Jongmyo(宗廟), Sazik(社稷)]. In addition, The building Background of Jangryeongjeon, Manryeongjeon were equivalent to Yoengsoongjeon. However, Those were changed as Jinjeon(眞殿) at a later date.

Usually, can sense a concrete characteristic offensive odor in case of visited concrete architecture spot or underground space that amount of ventilation is few. And the reason is cement gases that appeared in hydration process. Also, the kinds of smell and degree is different according to various concrete material and hydration environment. Specially this hydration gas can affect in sundry laborer of construction site and occupant's health and amenities. So, correct diagnosis and the countermeasure is necessary.

The Gangwon-yeongdong district make and develop only an area-brand through architecture-remodeling methods about tradition and modern building. Through the develop area-brand improve the new consideration of yeongdong district for land business and suggest methods of land design and marketing. Architecture-remodeling consist in 4-steps, which are timeworn-correspondence, efficiency-improvement, service-alteration and renovation. All cities and countries in the yeongdong district is unified by integral ubiquitous system and then compartmentalize three-zone, which are first-zone for travel and green land, second-zone for global business and culture, third-zone for industry and engineer through the sustainable green-energy.

In this study compressive and shear strength reduction of green-type polymer concrete and effect of steel-fiber reinforcement were investigated to make clear the possibility of using vast amount of the blast furnace slag powder and recycled coarse aggregates for reducing CO₂emission and resolving a problem of the natural environmental disruption by using 2nd class blast furnace slag powder and 1st class recycled coarse aggregates. Test results showed that when blast furnace slag powder with displacement ratio, 80% and recycled coarse aggregates with displacement ratio, 100% were used at the same time, the compressive strength were reduced 13% at 10 days, 5% at 28 days, 2%~4% at 56 days, but by steel-fiber reinforcement the reduced compressive strength were recovered and increased 2%~4%, and that diagonal shear strength of short beams were reduced 12%~15%, but by steel-fiber reinforcement the reduced shear strength were recovered completely and increased 10% above ln comparison with that of base concrete specimen.

The large-span single-layer latticed dome is advantageous for large span structures because it is very strong despite the light weight of the structure itself. The percentage of the roof frame fabrication and the roof erection in opposition to the overall construction, in the case of construction for large-span single-layer latticed domes, is greater than the other field of construction. Its automation is very important not only to save the construction cost and to shorten the construction period but also to secure the safety. The objective of this study is to develop erection method for large-span single-layer latticed domes.

In order to measure the corrosion of steel in mortar-embedded corroded steel, nondestructive techniques such as the electro-potential method and the transient electro-magnetic(TEM) method were adapted. After steels were corroded by the salt spray during 0, 4, 8, 15, 25days, they were embedded in mortar which were made form water : cement : sand ratio of 0.5 : 1 : 2. The mortar specimen was 50㎝ long, 20㎝ wide and 10㎝ thick. The contents of result acquired in this study are as follows. (1) The variation of the potentials and the secondary electro-magnetic forces were shown by change of steel surface with different corrosion time of steel (2) The values of the potential of mortar specimen embedded steel were increased with cover depth and the values of the secondary electro-magnetic force of that were .decreased with cover depth

In order to make Korea's Elderly Day Service Center the comfortable, convenient place where can satisfy the needs of the elderly seeking social skills, it is necessary to fuse the experiences of the advanced countries where had become an aged society, so that Elderly Day Service Center would be redefined as a place where is well equipped, and reflects a link between the local to facilities. Thus, in this study I found the spatial, environmental issues of Elderly Day Service Center in Korea by investigating the current state of Elderly Day Service Center, how it is used and what the users(including family) needs. And I studied the characteristic of the local linkage, which is the advanced aged society, through Evidence from Community-Based Elderly Day Service Facilities in Japan.

This study provides a damage detection method to find damage from the constraint force distribution estimated from response data measured by strain gages and accelerometers. The response data measured by strain gages can be expanded to three times as many as their number. The validity of the proposed method is illustrated in applications.

Recently, energy savings in existing buildings has received much attention in response to the increased needs for global warming and better comforts of the occupants. The purpose of this study is to analysis heating and cooling loads according to the change of performance in Educational Facility by using integrated building energy simulation. As a analysis simulation tool, Transys is used. As a result of analyzing characteristics of heating and cooling load, insulation performance of building is the most important factor for energy savings. The rate of energy saving is studied by analysis about the simulation results of each case. The results of energy analysis for heating and cooling loads simulation are that the case is the highest saving rate as 31 percent. Measures to reduce heating and cooling energy by 100% The introduction of geothermal energy systems and solar systems are required.

Accident for temporary equipment is the largest disaster in the construction sector. If building is completed, temporary equipment disappears. Therefore, study for money was achieved so far. So, standardization of temporary equipment is insufficient study. It is trying to improve problem at domestic through Analysis of Safety Certification. But, change for temporary equipment was not reflected. Therefore, problem is expected. Therefore, through Analysis of Safety Certification, wish to seek problem about temporary equipment category.

Forthcoming education curriculum is entirely different from existing system, requires a lot of changes in school facilities and equipment, and impossible to accomplish without such changes. It is considered desirable for the government to come up with a framework in the first place by amending legislations associated with school facilities and equipment, to proceed efficiently with department class system which is definitely different from the existing curriculum. It is also considered necessary to undertake researches on both department class system and facilities/equipment associated therewith, the result of which would lead to amendment of related laws and regulations.

When discuss social welfare, the one is policy to have greatly two times and other thing is viewpoint of practice or a technology. Design and construction step. Therefore, grasps several problems that senior welfare facility by present administrative division happens in policy-making stimulating and physical environment is city plan of right place increase that is fit in population ratio, through visit and observation survey, and project the architecture plan amelioration plan and future design guideline based on it because analyzes habitat factor that associate with space and has to contribute smooth facilities use of old mans and qualitative elevation.

Objective of this study is to boost durability of concrete structure by varying addition ratio of green tea powder and teabag immersion time in order to address durability issues caused by concrete neutralization. The test, which also included pH measurement, revealed that setting time via penetration needle shank took longer and declined further in non-hardened concrete versus plain concrete. Compressive strength and tensile strength of hardened concrete were the highest when addition ratio of green tea powder with 40% W/C was 0.5%. As for addition ratio of green tea powder, heat of immersion measured was slightly lower in temperature in hardened concrete as opposed to plain concrete and temperature was low at less than 30℃ in case of teabag immersion time. According to carbonization depth measurement, hardened concrete exhibited lower depth than plain one in both green tea power addition ratio and teabag immersion time. Steel weight decrease rate, corrosion speed and corrosion area all dropped as green tea powder addition ratio and teabag immersion time both went up.

Construction on the disasters hypothesis Corporation constantly has to occur. Among them the biggest disaster strength collapse disaster occurs every year and where personal injury or damage is very high. Therefore, this research hypothesis Corporation from collapse, to learn about the types of disasters, but also the collapse of the disaster through the investigation of cases improvement program is aimed to present.

This study is to investigate experimentally the effect of the use of crushed lime stones coarse aggregate on the engineering properties of the high strength concrete. The results are summarized as follows. Slump flow according to change in substitutional ratio of limestone coarse aggregate is shown to be increased. On the other hand, reaching time to 500 mm according to change in substitutional ratio of limestone coarse aggregate had shown a favorable result of 24~30 seconds, and as age increases, the compressive strength also increases.

With the development of the cultural arts, small halls are increasing and popular as they can accomodate various cultural events efficiently and economically. The present study includes small performance halls which are located inside a building which have not acoustical consideration during the construction. The possible solutions enhancing the acoustical quality of halls were commented and suggested including stage arrangements and the use of diffusive and absortive materials. This study could be anticipated to be helpful for the improvement of the acoustic performance of the existing small halls as well as new halls at the design stage.

In this paper, the structural safety of RC building with damaged elements is evaluated by using a simple analytical method during dismantling. The structural safety of the building according to the variation of column damage is especially focused since the damage normally governs the overall safety of building. As a method, sectional analysis for the damaged columns and other elements using X-Tract program and structural analysis using MIDAS Gen are performed. From the analysis results, the structural safety of the building for working loads during dismantling can be obtained even if stiffness of a column in the building decrease until 50%. Negative moment of beams, which are connected to the damaged column, change to positive one when the damage rate of column is to be serous. Therefore, opposite end moment of the beams rapidly increased.

The purpose of this study is to compensate for the defect of labor management by applying mobile web. We contemplated the labor management's present condition and analyzed it by using methods of data dictionary and integration definition for function modeling. And partly realized on screen. Through this study, the labor management's information's reliability, security, and the manager's convenience will help the improvement.

Ground-source (Geothermal) heat pump (GSHP) systems can achieve a higher coefficient of performance than conventional air-source heat pump (ASHP) system. However, GSHP systems are not widespread because of their expensive installation costs. The author have developed a GSHP system that employs the cast-in-place concrete pile, PHC pile foundations of a building as heat exchangers in order to reduce the initial cost. Survery research on energy-pile in domestic and foreign. As a result, using PHC energy-pile is saving 26% initial cost more vertical closed loop systems and GSHP system+air conditioner is saving energy 39.6% more district heating+EHP system. Accordingly energy-pile have high performance so this technology receive attention. Finally, for dissemination of energy-pile need to better development and design system.

This study focus on the specific character of the public housing lease business and accompanying accounting problems "accounting rule 56-90" based on operating or capital lease concepts does not work well in public housing lease contract and can not faithfully present. To improve existing accounting rule, this study analyses whether the revenue recognition principles were met by installment sales accounting under cost recovery method.