Earticle

The study has analysed the basic properties of the colored concrete accoridng to the ratios of the coloring admixture and the kinds of coloring agents. The slumpflow, properties of wet colored concrete, has decreased as the coloring admixture ratio increasing. In case of yellow concrete, it has nosedived. The air-inside has increased as the coloring admixture ratio increasing. The hardening time of the plain concrete is almost same with the white and the green, but it has got shorter for the red, the black and the yellow as per the cloring admixture ratio increasing. The compressive strength of the red and the yellow has slightly increased with the admixture ratio of 3〜6 %, but those of the white, the black and the green has slightly decreased with the ratio of 9〜12 %, respectively being compared to the plain. The color representation is shown as most efficient with the coloring admixture ratio of 6 % in terms of economic considerations.

This study, having ternary system low heat cement and combined known as admixture material that delays properties analysis with coarse particle cement("CC" hereinafter) collected in particle classification method during ordinary portland cement ("OPC" hereinafter)on the characteristics of concrete were reviewed. To reduce, the study plain-mixed which used low heat mixed 35%: 40%: 25% of OPC : blast furnace slag("BS" hereinafter): fly ash("FA" hereinafter) 100% OPC for 45% level 1, displaced CC at level 4 of 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% for OPC , experimented totally 5 level. Liquidity as a result of the experiment, the scheme by the OPC target slump the amount of target was met, CC substitution rate increases to meet the goals according to a slump. Condensation time grows proportionally to the rate of substitution was delayed, the substitution rate of the CC displacement rate increases the more bleeding increases. As for simple adiabatic temperature rise by the CC displacement rates, it decreased as displacement rate increased. Compressive strenth decreased in proportion to displacement rate, however strength reduction increment was shown to decrease with age progress.

The existing method to finish the exterior of a building has the strength that it can pattern or color by directly applying synthesized paint on the concrete wall and that it can give variety to the building according to the changes of its use. However, this also has the weakness to increase the construction period, which can cause the increase of the labor force and the additional construction cost of finishing exterior materials. This research was conducted because, in the architectural industry, the shortened construction period is making the construction cost lower, and the use of red mud, an industrial waste, for coloring is bring about the decline in the industrial waste. The results of this study showed that, in terms of the compressive strength depending on the substitution ratio of blast furnace slag, the compressive strength was highest with 40 % of substitution ratio, and, as for the amount of air, the bigger the compressive strength was, the smaller the amount of air became. The liquidity of slump flow was biggest with the value of 700 mm at 40 % and 60 % of substitution ratio.

Since the educational facilities construction work has to fit the time of completion with the school starting school, the air Construction Period Delay Factor than what importantly. This research analyzed the importance by the fixed quantity numerical value of the delayed factor drawing the Construction Period delay factor around the structure construction in which the most construction periods are required among the construction work whole cavity and is drawn, it calculated. The importance of the educational facilities structure construction Construction Period delay factor presented the Depression-specific Quality of Life Battery based upon this and the presented Depression-specific Quality of Life Battery is determined to be used for the efficient process management with the invalid reference.

Most of the student housing, which could be said to be the most fundamental facilities around the university campus, are in the form of multi-family house. Chonnam National University, to meet the needs of students around the studio and multi-family housing construction can be seen frequently in the field, every new school year on behalf of poor housing to live in a studio multi-family homes will see a lot of students around. However, this studio commercial multi-family housing in the form of a blind increase, resulting in deteriorating quality of living has been. The purpose of this study, a national green building certification system based on multi-family housing around earnestly investigate the current situation and to apply this to evaluate green building certification system, Chonnam National University studio nearby multi-family housing residents satisfaction survey, based on this analysis and multi-family for housing construction is to configure authentication assessment.

In this study, 25 concrete specimens were tested to investigate the variations of shear strength characteristics of high-strength concrete beams due to amount of recycled coarse aggregates replaced, and to investigate the effect of steel-fiber reinforcement on concrete using recycled coarse aggregates. The variables of specimens were replacement ratios of recycled coarse aggregates, 30%, 60%, 100%, of total coarse aggregates and steel-fiber reinforcement. Test results showed that the shear strength deterioration was not proportioned to replacement ratios of recycled aggregates, the shear strength falled rapidly at 30% of replacement ratio so far as 34% of strength reduction ratio, but after that it falled a little within 3% up to the replacement ratio 100%, and steel-fiber reinforcement of 0.75% of concrete volumn recovered completely the deteriorated shear strength and shear elastic modulas, moreover improved the shear strength above 50% rather than that of the high-strength concrete using natural coarse aggregates.

In this study, many concrete specimens were tested to investigate the variations of strength characteristics of high-strength concrete due to amount of recycled coarse aggregates, and to investigate the effect of steel-fiber reinforcement on concrete using recycled coarse aggregates. The variables of specimens were displacement ratios of recycled coarse aggregates, 30%, 60%, 100%, of total coarse aggregates and steel-fiber reinforcement. Test results showed that all of the variations of compressive, tensile and flexural strength appeared in linear reduction according to icrease the amount of recycled coarse aggregates, and steel-fiber reinforcement of 0.75% volumn of concrete recovered completely spliting tensile strength and flexual strength and recovered greatly compressive strength of concrete using recycled coarse aggregates of 100% displacement.

Energy conservation efforts worldwide, and offer comfort while reducing energy consumption in construction sector to raise a variety of availability is underway. Occupied by the dense, long time, a special space needs in the classroom a comfortable learning environment that is widely used in the Ceiling type air conditioner. However, comfort of the classroom by emphasizing aspects of energy conservation in the classroom has caused discomfort area. In this study, six sigma techniques applied to measure the thermal environment of the classroom, and the quantitative comparison and evaluation of factors affecting the thermal environment shall aim to identify.

The purpose of this study is to investigate sunlight environment according to block layout pattern and distance in the flat-type and tower-type apartment housing. For this study, 3D sunlight simulation was performed by Sanalyst program for the perpendicular, oblique line and square apartment complex arranged when the distance is changed to 1.0H, 0.7H and 0.5H. From the results of the simulation, the farther distance have a higher percentage of sunshine duration in the case of distance and the square pattern have a higher percentage of sunshine duration in the case of block layout pattern.

The purpose of this study is optimized of operating plan of the class room air-conditioner in summer period applying 6 Sigma Technique. First of all, PMV is selected as the CTQ, and thermal environment of two class room located in Jinju measured. In addition, factors affecting indoor temperature and velocity are derived and Vital Few X's are extracted through DOE. As a result, Vital Few X's affecting thermal environment of the class room are temperature, velocity, angle and area. The improvement effect of thermal environment of the class room according to the angle is including this study.

Approximately 24% of the total source energy is used by buildings and residential buildings consumed 56% of building energies by 2006 yearbook of energy statistics in Korea. Especially, 0.12EJ of the total 0.4EJ for residential heating and cooling is attributable to heat loss through windows. This amounts to 1.6% of total energy consumption in Korea. Accordingly, Korean government is trying to encourage energy savings by strengthening of building energy code. Also, the government reinforced U-factor for windows which will be implemented from January 1st, 2011 and is planning to reinforce the U-factor of windows. In terms of thermal effect, windows decrease the heating demand by solar heat gain and increase heating demand by conduction heat loss. Recent the importance of thermal environment control through windows is catching concerns about building energy savings according to increasing window-to-wall ratio. The purpose of this research is to analyze the energy use and cost by using RESFEN program to four widows for detached house in Seoul and Busan.

This study aim to develop a suitable energy performance indicator in Korea. For this, PAL and CEC which are being used as energy performance evaluation criteria in Japan was reviewed and estimated by dynamic load & energy simulation results. And then low energy building design was evaluated by calculated PAL and CEC value. PAL was estimated to 379.9MJ/year·㎡ which exceeds the office regulation 300MJ/year·㎡ and CEC/AC was estimated to 1.46 which satisfy the office regulation 1.5. The results show that envelope insulation is not sufficient and air-conditioning system was selected considering energy conservation in subject building.

The potted plants positioned nearby window in the room will influence of thermal comfort at the perimeter zone. These influences were lower than the outdoor plants but the potted plants have both advantage of the easy installation and the non influence for esthetic value in the building. From these reason, generally, the occupant uses the potted plants nearby window such as Peace Lily, Weeping Fig, Areca Palm in the room. The research presents the measuring data of Areca Palm during day time. And the research presents the indoor air temperature, globe temperature, relative humidity during nine hours(09:00~17:00) in a day for the two cases that; 1) the condition of only pair glazing window, 2) the condition of pair glazing window adding the potted plant as Areca Palm. In conclusion, the indoor air temperature at the back of plants was 26℃ at the noon but it at the front of plants was 32℃. And indoor globe temperature at the back of plants was 27℃ at the noon but it at the front of plants was 38℃. And indoor humidity at back of plants was 62% at the noon but it at front of plants was 41%

A number of studies have been carred out on the passive cooling of the outer surface of building for the purpose of conserving energy without resorting to fossil fuels, while simultaneously improving the indoor thermal confort. In addition, the heat island phenomenon has been regarded as a problem. Thus, it is necessary to strive to reduce the thermal load of buildings on the urban environment. In this study, an outdoor experiment was conducted using test specimens with a focus on passive cooling on rooftop surfaces in summertime to clarify the cooling effect of various types of passive rooftop cooling. The influence of rooftop cooling on the indoor heat load, and the heat load of the atmospheric side were also clarified. A total of 10 types of data were collected; case 1 is an AR surface, Case 2~5 are watered AR surfaces, Cases 6 and 7 are ceramic tiles, with and without water coating or white paint respectively, and finally, Cases 8 and 9 are perforated bricks, with and without a coat of white paint respectively. (1) Results of data analysis for Cases 6~10 show that because these types can reduce the load on the air during the day, they are effective. For Cases 7 and 9 and during the day, the heat island effect is suppressed. For Case 6~9, the tropical night phenomenon can be prevented. (2) In order to reduce the cooling load in summer, the roof slab insulaion to reduce heat load in the atmosphere is essential in order to employ an effective passive, the roof slab insulation to reduce heat load in the atmosphere is essential in order to employ an effective passive cooling method.

The description of insulation performance could be divided by thermal transmittance and thermal resistance by country. In Korea, insulation performance in building is describing as thermal transmittance. The natural convective heat transfer coefficient is calculated by temperature difference and forced heat transfer coefficient is calculated by air velocity. Convective heat transfer coefficient is affected by more forced heat transfer coefficient than natural convective heat transfer coefficient. Convective heat transfer coefficient could be calculated velocity factor depending on building height. The outer film heat transfer coefficient is being apply in calculation of heat transmittance regardless of building height in domestic and Japan except USA.

Asbestos hazards have been studied by many people. Approximately 10% of slate contain asbestos, and asbestos which was imported in the 1970s was used to construct as building materials. The slate company, Asano which is located in the Youngsan in 1930's becomes the beginning and the slate is coming to be used until recently. Since 1960 in the aftermath of the New Village Movement it was greatly expanded slate industry. Slate contain Asbestos and the surface is likely to drift over time, the government managed the comprehensive plan of 2010 Asbestos slate farmhouse in the National Survey on the usage of the progress and improve farmers slate roof construction. Non-conventional evaluation of the slate there is no index, especially in the concentration of urban population exposure to asbestos is a wide but a range of survey data on an unprecedented situation is urgent so long-term management measures are urgently needed. In this study, the target of asbestos slate structure which is located in Daegu is conducted to suggest the basic data for policy and research for environmental improvement in Daegu.

The Study analyzes the energy request amount, the energy need amount, the new refreshing energy outturn, the CO2 discharge amount for understanding the energy flow and proposes invigorating the way of the green home. This study draws following conclusions from HIP green home analysis. The mock-up house that has the ability to accomodate 2.5L is analysed to inadequate to satisfaction of whole energy for installing the new refreshing energy and whole energy used amount is analysed to reduce 12points in Heating energy. Using of the green home ought to activate by zero of the cooling/heating energy from highly efficient insulation, highly air-tight windows, natural ventilation, insulation of the roof, green finishing of the passive energy and photovoltaic system, Geothermal System, LED lighting, Heat Recovery Ventilator of the active energy.

Green building certification system is lead to construction of green buildings according to green buildings vitalization and green growth, and Green Building Certification System in Korea (GBCC) conducted in 2002, after undergoing several changes have been developed. One of the changes. In 2010, Only six applications have been building a new green building certification for all purposes as of the new building was expanded and substantially revised the certification class was also subdivided. In this study, green building certification standards have been revised to be British, and comparative analysis of the BREEAM green building certification system in the country compared to the BREEAM criteria and detailed evaluation of buildings classified items were insufficient to draw conclusions. Therefore, in order to induce the proliferation of eco-friendly construction of the GBCC is necessary to modify and complement.

The rate of elderly population in Korea has been increasing rapidly. Therefore, the government has executed a “long term care insurance” since July of 2008. As a result, the number of elderly care facilities have increased. However, the establishment of the act involving evacuation capable of securing elderly escape safely is still in need compared to the numerical increase of elderly care facilities. Securing escape safety of small nursing homes, the small-scaled elderly care facility is the most urgent issue of all. In this research, fire simulations and evacuation simulations are used to analyze the particularities of evacuation in accordance to the plans of small nursing homes. As a result, it was found that the establishment of a measure for securing escape safety of small nursing homes is needed. Therefore, installation of sprinklers, bi-directional evacuation, and the reduction of the fire growth rate are proposed as measures to secure escape safety of small nursing homes.

The most serious field of wasting energy consumption is energy used in buildings. During last 10years, The 1st energy consumption has grown rapidly so that we became the world 10th country consuming energy. The energy overseas dependence of our country which doesn't have enough natural resources has been raised from 87.9% in 1990 to 97.7% in 2004. The usage of fossil fuel meets the limit point. Serious change in global environment due to the usage of fossil fuel makes us focus into infinite pure resources and renewable energy. In this paper, we study through analysis of economic evaluation of this system for basic peculiar technological securement that is fit in korean actual circumstance.

The increasingly high prices for oil, the exhaustion of fossil fuels as well as concern about global warming are driving rapid growth of alternative sources of energy in the world. The active solution for global environment and exhaustion of energy sources is to develop and popularize the technologies to use natural energy such as sunlight, wind, and water. PV(Photovoltaic) modules are efficient devices that has been considered a logical material for use in buildings. Recent advanced BIPV(Building Integrated PV) technology have rapidly made PVs suitable for direct integration into construction in the world. This study grasped the power production and heat transfer through the simulation on applying BIPV. BIPV has significant influence on decrease efficiency and increase cooling loads through the heat transfer and solar radiation. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the power production and heat transfer of each cases in order to improve application of BIPV.

This study was a preliminary work for Hazard Map of Fire Incident. The purpose of the study was to suggest a concept plan for creating Hazard Map of Fire Incident based on physical environment which include multidimensional visualizing models about fire causes and factors. At first it needed to build database of fire statistics and analysis of fire incident patterns. Then creating Index of Fire Risk, It will be combination of the fire load Database and improved patterns. Visualizing methods set up by GIS tools, such as geocording, overlay and multidimensional operations. And fire risk database will keep sustainable form with continuously update.

The purpose of this study, the ecological environment during the development of large-scale variations are identified through the DGN. So, for the construction of a grade change of DGN and consequent changes in production is to identify the characteristics. Especially, as large scale development residential land project and industrial complex development could be reviewed the Characteristics of changes of DGN by comparing the types of business. Study of the methods set forth in the Ministry of Environment standards to reflect circumstances DGN investigation of two types of projects, whether physically similar projects were selected target. Then the change of each of the green nature of the production were investigated. And it compares with the change of the numerical analysis was carried out.

Many studies have been reported about the seriousness that has a bad effect on the global environment by increasing international attention concerning global warming and sustainable growth. By way of the solution for this, restrictions on the Greenhouse Gas Emission actively are going along beginning with the Climatic Change Convention in 1993. Kyoto Mechanism is characterizing six gas like CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCS, PFCS, SF6 as main GHG(Greenhouse Gas) components and is attracting from the front to reduce carbon dioxide emissions through Emissions Trading Scheme, Joint Implementation, Clean Development Mechanism. This paper presented environment effects evaluation according to disposal methods of waste wood in building's end-of-life phase based on LCA(Life Cycle Assessment). This paper's research target is waste wood of construction waste types. It was conducted LCIA(Life Cycle Impact Assessment) through calculation of Greenhouse gas emissions and Global Warming Potential based on inventory analysis.