Earticle

본 연구는 북한이탈주민 1인 논평 유튜브 채널 <정성산TV>에 나타난 비언어 의사소 통을 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 이 연구는 1인 논평 유튜브 채널에 나타난 비언어 의사소 통을 살핀 사례 연구로 <정성산TV> 채널에서 조회 수가 높은 5개 영상을 커뮤니케이터, 공간적 요소, 신체언어로 구분하여 비언어 의사소통을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 해당 채널의 커뮤니케이터는 외형과 의상을 통해 공신력을 높이고, 안경, 넥타이, 이어폰 등의 장신구를 활용하여 활동성과 지적 이미지를 강조하며 시청자들의 눈길을 끌었다. 그리고 공간의 물리적 환경과 채널 프레임을 통해 제작자의 정치적 성향, 감독으로의 정체성, 북한 관련 채널의 이미지를 강조하였다. 신체언어 영역에서 커뮤니 케이터는 제스처를 통해 특정 인물을 옹호하거나 비판하고 발화 내용을 강조하였으며, 표정과 시선을 활용하여 방송 개시 및 격분, 놀라움 등의 감정을 표현하고 시청자의 심리 적 각성을 유도했다. 그리고 자기 접촉을 통해 감정을 조절하고 발화를 보완하며 시청자 와의 상호작용을 이끌었다. 북한이탈주민 1인 논평 유튜브 채널에서 비언어 의사소통은 방송 내용 전달에 있어 커뮤니케이터의 감정과 메시지를 강화하며 콘텐츠의 이해와 몰입도를 향상시키고 있었 다. 그리고 시청자와의 심리적 연결 형성을 통해 공감을 형성하고 시청자의 관심을 유도했으며, 커뮤니케이터의 정체성과 신념을 강조하며 전달했다. 이렇듯 커뮤니케이터는 비언어적 요소를 통해 개인적 경험과 사회적 메시지를 더욱 설득력 있게 전달하며, 자신 의 가치관을 드러내고 자신이 전달하고자 하는 사회적 메시지를 시각화하였다. 본 연구는 분석 대상의 수가 적어 그 결과를 일반화하기에는 무리가 따른다. 그러나 본 연구는 북한이탈주민의 미디어 활용에 대한 이해를 높이고 사회 통합의 측면에서 북 한이탈주민의 비언어적 특성을 분석했다는 점에서 의미가 있을 것이다. 또한 연구를 통 해 북한이탈주민이 새로운 사회에서 어떻게 자신을 표현하고, 시청자와 소통하는지 살핀 것에 의의가 있다.

This study aims to analyze nonverbal communication in the solo commentary YouTube channel <JungsungsanTV>, created by a North Korean defector. As a case study of nonverbal communication on a solo commentary YouTube channel, this research examines five highly viewed videos from <JungsungsanTV>, categorizing nonverbal communication into communicator, spatial elements, and body language. The results showed that the communicator enhanced credibility through appearance and attire, using accessories such as glasses, neckties, and earphones to emphasize an active and intellectual image, drawing viewers' attention. The physical environment and the framing of the channel underscored the creator’s political inclination, identity as a director, and the image of a channel related to North Korean issues. In terms of body language, the communicator used gestures to support or criticize specific individuals and to emphasize spoken content. Facial expressions and eye movements were employed to express emotions such as frustration, surprise, and excitement, thereby inducing psychological arousal in viewers. Self-touching gestures were also used to regulate emotions, complement speech, and facilitate interaction with the audience. Non-verbal communication on this North Korean defector-run YouTube commentary channel strengthened the communicator's emotions and message delivery, enhancing viewers' understanding and engagement with the content. This also fostered empathy and interest by forming a psychological connection with the audience while highlighting the communicator's identity and beliefs. Through non-verbal elements, the communicator delivered personal experiences and social messages more persuasively, revealing their values and visually representing the social messages they sought to convey. This study has limitations in generalizing its findings due to the small number of videos analyzed. However, it holds significance in enhancing understanding of North Korean defectors' media use and analyzing their nonverbal characteristics from a social integration perspective. Additionally, the study provides insight into how North Korean defectors express themselves and communicate with viewers in a new society.

This study has two research purposes concerning the development of measurements in pursuit of a low carbon green city: The first purpose is the identification of the basic planning elements which comprise a low-carbon green city, and the other is the application of these to a particular small-to-medium-sized local city in order to embody urban spatial structure. The results of this study are summarized as follows: Firstly, Six basic elements required for a low carbon green city were land use, transportation, green environment/ecology, water environment, material environment and air/climate environment. Among them, these elements (land use, transportation, and green environment/ ecology) are necessary for spatial urban structure in a city's master plan. Secondly, The six basic elements identified in the first part of research were applied to Aphae New Town in Chonnam Province, South Korea, and we tried to devise a spatial urban structure in the form of a compact city. We conducted this research with the goal of identifying commonalities in Korea and Japan through literature reviews and case studies.

The aim of this study is to find out the pattern of Ger form, inner spatial composition of Mongolian Ger house, and to take a dig at the structural or symbolic elements of nomadic architecture of Ger. To the point of view of corresponding to living and space of housing, remarkable characteristics of Ger Architecture is able to pull down and recombine the structures of nomadic house. Even though urbanization of Mongolia has spreading rapidly in a whole nation, most of people preserves traditional housing pattern within Ger. The ways of survey are to study of traditional home of Mongolia, and then field work at residence or mountain area in Ulan Bator and Gorkhi Terelj National Park area. This survey contains the form, size, structure, spatial composition of living space, structure, and materials. There are three results as follows: First, the form of Ger house is like a pyramidal or crown roof style to approximate to the round shape of it. Usually they had lived in nomadic way of life, so the Ger had a movable and flexible structure. Second, the Ger is easy to build up and deconstruct to move or find a new pasture. Third, the Mongolian Ger structure is composed by mainly five elements that are Khana, Khaalga, Toono, Bagana, and Uni. It has a hierarchy of internal spaces which are classified to gender, orientation, and property.

정부는 2021년부터 다부처 연구개발사업으로 자율주행기술개발혁신사업을 추진해오고 있다. 해당 연구개발사업에서 개발되는 자율주행차와 서비스 기술은 추후 선정된 리빙랩 도시를 대상으로 일반인들에게 제공한다는 계획이다. 특히 서비스분야는 해당 서비스별 목적과 특성 에 따라 안전하고 안정적인 서비스가 가능한 공간적 범위와 운행구간을 선정하는 것이 중요하 다. 본 연구에서는 향후 Level 4 수준의 자율주행서비스 제공 구역 설정 방법론을 개발하기 위 한 기초 연구로서 기존 공개된 논문 및 관련 문헌조사를 통해 Level 4 수준의 자율주행서비스 를 위한 정적인 ODD 구성요소를 재분류하고, 자율주행의 안전성에 미치는 공간적인 영향 요인에 대하여 Level 3 자율주행차 실제 주행데이터 및 공간정보분석 기법을 활용하여 분석하였 다. 공간정보분석 기법을 통해 총 6개의 주행모드변경(제어권전환) 다발 지점이 도출되었고, 해당 지점의 중복된 정적인 ODD 구성요소 확인 결과 자율주행의 안전성에 영향을 미치는 요인은 횡단보도, 신호등, 교차로, 자전거 도로, 포켓차로, 주의 표지판, 중앙분리대로 나타났다. 이러한 공간정보분석을 통한 자율주행의 공간적 요인분석은 자율주행기술개발혁신사업의 리빙랩 도시뿐만 아니라 현재 확대·운영되고 있는 자율주행차 시범운행지구에서 자율주행서비스 운영지구 선정에도 기초연구로 활용될 것으로 기대한다.

Since 2021, government departments have been promoting Automated Driving Technology Development and Innovation Project as national research and development(R&D) project. The automated vehicles and service technologies developed as part of these projects are planned to be subsequently provided to the public at the selected Living Lab City. Therefore, it is important to determine a spatial area and operation section that enables safe and stable automated driving, depending on the purpose and characteristics of the target service. In this study, the static Operational Design Domain(ODD) elements for Level 4 automated driving services were reclassified by reviewing previously published papers and related literature surveys and investigating field data. Spatial analysis techniques were used to consider the reclassified ODD elements for level 4 in the real area of level 3 automated driving services because it is important to reflect the spatial factors affecting safety related to real automated driving technologies and services. Consequently, a total of six driving mode changes(disengagement) were derived through spatial information analysis techniques, and the factors affecting the safety of automated driving were crosswalk, traffic light, intersection, bicycle road, pocket lane, caution sign, and median strip. This spatial factor analysis method is expected to be useful for determining special areas for the automated driving service.

This study aims to identify categories for improvement and maintenance in neighborhood facilities by examining priorities and the relationship between importance and performance of both indoor and outdoor spaces using POE. To achieve this, we analyzed 302 responses (top 30% in terms of average space satisfaction) selected from 1,001 responses collected between 2022 and 2023, along with quantitative data related to site elements collected in 2024. First, through frequency analysis, spatial satisfaction in neighborhood facilities was higher in shapes other than irregular shapes, in sites with an area of 1,000㎡ or more, with fewer number of roads adjoining the site, when adjacent to a small road(So-ro) with the maximum road width, and when it is one-way traffic. Second, The rank of importance and the "Concentrate Here" areas for spatial satisfaction categories differ depending on the site shape, site area, number and width of adjoining roads, and traffic way patterns. Third, it implies the possibility of a decision-making tool necessary for building design by reflecting site elements and design requirements going with user satisfaction on an online platform that can be updated. It also shows the necessity for neighborhood facilities, for which a general methodology for design has not been established. This study is in the process of confirming the possibility and concreteness of an online platform that can be used as a tool to support decision-making in the early stages of architectural design based on user satisfaction. It is expected to be differentiated in that it can improve the lifespan and evaluation of buildings and the maintenance period of rental programs, and respects the role of architects.

본 연구는 디지털 옥외미디어(Digital Out-of-Home, DOOH)가 제공하는 경험이 소비자의 공간가치 인식, 특정 장소에 대한 태도, 그리고 방문의도에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 데 목적이 있다. 현대 도시 환경에서 DOOH는 단순한 광고매체를 넘어, 몰입감 높은 콘텐츠를 통해 공간의 심미적, 기 능적 가치를 재구성하는 핵심 요소로 부상하고 있다. 본 연구는 선행 연구를 바탕으로 DOOH 경 험, 공간가치 인식, 장소태도, 방문의도 간의 인과관계를 탐색하는 연구 모형을 구축하였다. DOOH는 매체로서의 의미만이 아니라 해당 장소를 방문한 사람들에게 색다른 체험을 할 수 있는 커뮤니케이션 도구이기도 하다. 이 점에 착안하여 본 연구에서는 디지털 옥외미디어를 통한 체험 적 요소가 창출하는 공간가치를 체험마케팅 측면에서 살펴보고자 하였다. 체험마케팅 관점에서 장소소비 행동을 슈미트(Schmitt)가 제시하는 전략적 체험 모듈(strategic experiential modules)에 기초 하여 이들 요소가 공간 가치와 장소에 대한 수용자들의 태도를 높일 수 있는가에 대한 실증적 연 구를 진행하였다. 이를 위해 코엑스 자유표시구역 일대에 설치된 디지털 영상 콘텐츠를 직접 본 경험이 있는 대학생 311명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 디지털 옥외미디어에 대 한 감각적 체험, 감성적 체험, 행동적 체험, 관계적 체험은 디지털 옥외미디어의 기능적 가치를 형성하는 과정에 유의미한 영향을 미치고 있었다. 사회적 가치에 대해서는 감성적 체험, 인지적 체험, 행동적 체험, 관계적 체험이 유의미한 설명 변수로 작용하고 있었다. 또한 미디어에 대한 기능적 가치와 사회적 가치는 장소태도에 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 장소태도가 재방문의도에 미 치는 영향도 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 이렇게 볼 때 전반적으로 미디어에 대한 자신만의 체험 이 강화되면 지각된 공간가치를 높이는데 일조할 것으로 예상되며, 이렇게 증진된 공간가치는 장 소에 대한 태도를 강화시키고 재방문의도를 높이는 요인이 될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 디지털 광고물을 통한 장소성에 대한 재구성과 명소화에 대한 가능성에 기여할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.

This study examines how digital outdoor media experiences influence spatial value, place image, and revisit intentions among visitors exposed to media within COEX’s outdoor advertising free display zone. Unlike traditional signage, digital outdoor media (e.g., digital signage) functions not only as a communication channel but also as an experiential platform, offering cultural and artistic engagement that may shape visitors’ perceptions of both the content and the place itself. Adopting an experiential marketing lens, this research explores the spatial value generated by digital outdoor media, grounded in Schmitt’s Strategic Experiential Modules (SEMs) framework, which conceptualizes place consumption through experiential dimensions. Empirical data were collected via a survey of 311 university students who had interacted with COEX’s digital signage within the preceding six months. Key findings include that functional value was significantly driven by sensory, emotional, behavioral, and relational experiences, while cognitive experience showed no significant effect. Social value was significantly explained by emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and relational experiences. Both functional and social values positively affected place image, which in turn strengthened revisit intentions. However, the paths from cognitive experience → functional value and sensory experience → social value were non significant. The findings suggest that enriching digital media experiences can elevate perceived spatial value, fostering positive place attitudes and encouraging revisits. Notably, digital advertisements may serve as tools for redefining place identity and establishing landmarks, highlighting their strategic role in urban environments.

본 논문에서는 라반의 움직임 분석(Laban Movement Analysis)의 핵심이 되는 공간 조화 이론을 기초로움직임의 추상적 시각화의 의미와 표현적 가치를 탐색하였다. 라반이 정의하는 공간은 인간의 움직임들로 채워져 있으며 그 안에는 물리적인 정의 뿐 아니라 힘, 에너지, 감정 등과 같은 비물질적인 속성이포함되어있다. 이러한 이론을 기반으로 일차적으로는 움직임이 발생하는 공간에서 생성되는 형태를 정의하였고 여기에 추가적으로 내적인 긴장감이 결합된 움직임의 특질을 분석하였다. 공간과 움직임에 대한일반적인 속성과 라반 이론이 지닌 특수성을 비교하기 위해 회화, 비디오, 애니메이션, 무용에서 다루어진 공간과 움직임에 대한 철학적, 미학적 의미를 예술작품들을 중심으로 분석하였다. 특별히 후설(E. Husserl), 하이데거(M. Heidegger), 메를로-퐁티(M. Merleau-Ponty)로 이어지는 예술에 대한 현상학적해석은 신체와 의식의 통합, 시간과 공간의 해석, 그리고 기하학적 추상화에 대한 타당한 이론적 근거를마련해 주었다. 지금까지 과학과 기술의 발전은 예술에 항상 큰 영향을 끼쳐왔고 특히 현대미술에서는수학적 사고가 예술의 창작에 적극적으로 활용되었다. 라반의 연구에서도 극 중심의 기존 무용 분야에서다루어지지 않았던 기하학을 적용한 안무법을 소개했으며 이는 컴퓨터를 활용한 추상 애니메이션의 규칙을 디자인하는데 필요한 틀을 제공하였다. 본 연구를 통해 가상공간에서의 다양한 움직임의 표현을 고안하고 감성적 요소를 수치적으로 측정하고 활용하는데 필요한 기반 지식을 제공하고자 한다.

In this paper, I explore the meaning and expressive value of the abstract visualization of motion based on space harmony theory, which is the core of Laban Movement Analysis. Space as defined by Laban is filled with human movements, and they include not only physical definitions but also non-material attributes such as force, energy, and emotion. Based on these theories, forms generated in the movement space are initially defined, after which the qualitative characteristics of movements combined with inner tension are analyzed. In order to compare the general attributes and the specialty in Laban theory with regard to space and movement, the philosophical and aesthetic meanings in paintings, videos, animations, and dances are discussed mainly through artworks. The phenomenological interpretation of art, especially by Husserl, Heidegger, and Merleau-Ponty, provide a reasonable basis for analyzing the integration of body and consciousness, the interpretation of time and space, and geometric abstractions. Developments in science and technology have always had a great impact on art, and especially in modern art, mathematical thinking was actively utilized during its creation. Laban's research also introduced the adaptation of geometry as a means of choreography, previously not attempted in the dance field, which had mostly focused on drama. It could also provide a framework for designing rules pertaining to abstract computer animations. Through this research, I hope to provide the basic knowledge necessary for devising various movements in virtual spaces and also for numerically measuring and expressing related emotional elements.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the preference of spatial elements for common space planning in senior congregate housing. For the study, 500 potential consumer's residing in Seoul was surveyed using the questionnaire in the social survey methodology. As for the common spaces, gardens, treatment, and exercise rooms were preferred. A combination of both separate and group arrangement of the buildings was preferred, indicating that people wanted separation of the common space and the individual living units. Second, people preferred sharing parts of the common space with their neighbors and as is the traditional custom, preferred to take off their shoes at the entrance to individual units. Third, for the furniture and facilities, they wanted the manager room in the lobby, the small meeting rooms in the public dining room, a fitness center in the activity room, the rack or alcove to store items in front of an individuals unit in the hallway, a chair to sit down in the elevator, and the chair to rest on the stairway landing. Fourth, in terms of priority for planning the senior citizens' community housing, safety, familiarity like a regular home, reduced isolation and loneliness, sense of belonging, economic factors, aesthetic appreciation, daily life supplement, variety, and self-identity were answered in that order.

Spatial distributions of alloying elements of an Fe-based amorphous ribbon with a nominal composition of $Fe_{75}C_{11}Si_2B_8Cr_4$ were analyzed through the atom probe tomography method. The amorphous ribbon was prepared through the melt spinning method. The macroscopic amorphous natures were confirmed using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Atom Probe (Cameca LEAP 3000X HR) analyses were carried out in pulsed voltage mode at a specimen base temperature of about 60 K, a pulse to base voltage ratio of 15 %, and a pulse frequency of 200 kHz. The target detection rate was set to 5 ions per 1000 pulses. Based on a statistical analyses of the data obtained from the volume of $59{\times}59{\times}33nm^3$, homogeneous distributions of alloying elements in nano-scales were concluded. Even with high carbon and strong carbide forming element contents, nano-scale segregation zones of alloying elements were not detected within the Fe-based amorphous ribbon. However, the existence of small sub-nanometer scale clusters due to short range ordering cannot be completely excluded.

When A is a subalgebra of a $C^*$-algebra, the spatial numerical range of element of A can be described in terms of positive linear functionals on the $C^*$-algebra.

Femtosecond laser ablation (fs LA) was used in this study to identify pollution by heavy metals and the distribution of elemental nutrients at different rice milling ratios. Polished rice (degrees of milling of 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11) was collected from major Korean supermarkets and one sample thereof was selected. An internal quality control experiment was conducted using a rice flour certified reference material from the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS CRM) for the evaluation of the efficacy. To assess the effectiveness of the analysis method, the reliability was validated using a food analysis performance assessment scheme (FAPAS), with chili powder serving as an external quality control. The results of the analysis of the inorganic elements Ti, Ca, Al, Fe and Mn in white and brown rice with degrees of milling of 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 using ICP-MS, ICP-OES and AAS revealed contents of 0.40, 49.2, 2.43, 5.36 and 10.3 mg/kg in white rice and 0.59, 78.0, 7.52, 11.0 and 18.5 mg/kg in brown rice, respectively. Among the elements, there were remarkable differences in the measured contents. By comparing the contents of the elements at different degrees of milling, Ti, Co, As, Ca, Al, Cu, Fe, and Mn were determined to be distributed on the surface of the rice grains, whereas the contents of Cd and Pb increased toward the center of the rice grains, and Si was evenly distributed. After the quantitative analysis of rice samples polished to different degrees of milling, Ca and Al, which were contained in large amounts, and Si were analyzed with specificity by fs LA. The results show that Ca and Al were distributed in the rice husk (protective covering of rice) and Si was distributed in all parts of the rice.

The objectives of this study is to analyze the characteristics of Chinese traditionality expression at restaurants in Beijing area. 12 restaurants were selected and visited for the investigation research. The results were as follows. First, traditional reproduction was found mainly manifested through the reproduction of traditional ornaments, in particular, the facade and interior element ornaments. Second, Traditional transformation was mainly manifested in replacement material while changing the shape slightly, or to stretch or shorten prototype shape and other negative deformation methods which did not largely out of the scope of traditional reproduction. Third, Traditional reinterpretation was expressed by abstract, symbol or metaphor on designs, usually people can not directly recognize the traditional archetype. When compare with traditional reproduction or traditional transformation, traditional reinterpretation was relatively fewer, however, in this study the traditional reinterpretation and traditional transformation have same numerical result. Reinterpretation as a positive performance method of traditional modernized, it was encouraging the phenomenon, especially in the ceiling design. Chinese traditional cloud patterns have been three-dimensional and diversification of use. And in the wall design, traditional elements have been extremely simplistic or adopted a wide variety of traditional elements, it may be preferred in diversity. In addition, furniture was tinge traditional elements in modern form, lighting was added symbolize color or picture on the traditional lighting which shape was simplified to emphasize space's traditional. But the facade, sign board, floor, and window element seems the range of variation was not wild, promote more use the positive traditional reinterpretation method.

본 연구는 도형을 활용한 공간요소 중심 유아 동작교육 프로그램을 개발하고, 개발한 프로그램이 유아의 공간지각능력, 창의성 그리고 운동능력에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 유아교육 현장 적용 타당성을 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 도형을 활용한 공간요소 중심 유아 동작교육 프로그램의 체계는 목적 및 목표, 교육내용, 교수-학습 방법 및 평가로 구성되었으며, 도형을 활용한 공간요소, 기본운동 동작, 도형을 활용한 공간요소와 연계한 동작, 도형을 활용한 공간요소와 동작을 통합한 창의적 표현으로 프로그램의 교육내용을 구성하고 6단계의 교수-학습단계로 이루어진 총 21회의 활동을 개발하였다. 이와 같은 과정을 통해 개발된 프로그램의 유아교육 현장 적용 타당성을 검증한 결과, 본 연구에서 개발한 도형을 활용한 공간요소 중심 유아 동작교육 프로그램은 유아의 공간지각능력, 창의성 그리고 운동능력 증진에 효과가 있는 것으로 밝혀져 유아교육 현장에서의 적용 타당성이 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다.

The purpose of this study was to develop movement education program centered on spatial elements using geometry for young children to analyze the effects of that program on children’s spatial-perception ability, creativity, and motor ability. Movement education program centered on spatial elements using geometry for young children maintains objective, education content, teaching-learning methods and evaluation systems. It also develops the twenty-one movement education activities centered on spatial elements using geometry for young children. The subjects used in this experimental study were forty-four young children whose mean age is 76.27 months from two classes in a kindergarten to prove validity of early childhood practice application of movement education program centered on spatial elements using geometry for young children. Two classes were assigned to an experimental group and a comparative group. The positive effects of the program developed in this study were revealed. These results proved validity of early childhood practice application of movement education program centered on spatial elements using geometry for young children.

본 연구는 생활권 내 복합문화 커뮤니티 공간을 대상으로 공간계획 요소의 중요도 인식이 공간유형과 사용자집단에 따라 어떻게 달라지는지를 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 공간유형별 공간디자인 방향을 도출하였다. 이를 위해 이론적 고찰과 선행연구를 바탕으로 공간구성, 공간 유형 및 초기 공간계획 요소를 검토하였으며, 탐색적 요인분석을 통해 지역 표현성, 공공 활용성, 이용 지원성의 3개 상위요인과 12개 공간계획 요소를 도출하였다. 이후 생활권 내 사용자, 운영 관리자, 기획·디자인 전문가를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고, 기술통계, Mixed ANOVA 및 Bonferroni 사후검정을 통해 공간유형과 사용자집단에 따른 중요도 인식차이를 분석하였다. 또한 Friedman 검정과Kruskal-Wallis 검정을 보완적으로 실시하여 주요 결과의 방향성을 확인하였다. 분석 결과, 체험지향형 공간에서는 공간 이미지, 지역 표현 및 상징적 인식이, 공동참여형 공간에서는 공공 활용과 지역 자원 연계가, 연결지원형 공간에서는 기능 조직, 접근성, 안전성및 이용 지원이 상대적으로 중요하게 나타났다. 사용자집단별로는 생활권 내 사용자는 실제 이용 경험과체감적 이용 조건, 운영 관리자는 운영관리와 지속적이용 조건, 기획·디자인 전문가는 공간 이미지와 인지적 명확성에 더 높은 관심을 보였다. 본 연구는 공간계획 요소의 중요도 인식 차이를 공간유형별 디자인중점으로 전환함으로써, 향후 복합문화 커뮤니티 공간의 계획 및 공간디자인 개선을 위한 기초 자료를 제공한다.

This study analyzed how the perceived importance of spatial planning elements in complex cultural community spaces within residential life zones differs according to space type and user group, and derived spatial design directions for each space type based on the results. To this end, spatial composition, space types, and initial spatial planning elements were examined through theoretical review and previous studies. Through exploratory factor analysis, three higher-order factors?regional expression, public utilization, and use support?and twelve spatial planning elements were derived. A survey was then conducted with users within residential life zones, operation managers, and planning and design experts. Differences in perceived importance according to space type and user group were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mixed ANOVA, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests. In addition, Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests were conducted as supplementary analyses to confirm the direction of the main results. The results showed that spatial image, regional expression, and symbolic perception were relatively important in experience-oriented spaces; public utilization and connection with local resources were important in co-participation spaces; and functional organization, accessibility, safety, and use support were relatively important in connection-support spaces. By user group, users within residential life zones showed greater interest in actual use experience and perceived conditions of use, operation managers in operational management and conditions for continuous use, and planning and design experts in spatial image and cognitive clarity. This study converts differences in the perceived importance of spatial planning elements into design focuses for each space type and provides basic reference material for the planning and spatial design improvement of complex cultural community spaces.

This study examines the influence of spatial elements on perception of amenity and efficiency to propose an effective alternative that can satisfy users' needs for bedroom space. Experiments and surveys were performed for bedrooms of a house, which were created virtually using software. Five bedrooms with different furniture layouts were used and forty subjects participated in the experiments and survey. Results indicate that the perception of amenity and efficiency enhanced, when the widths was longer than depths of bedrooms. Overall satisfaction in terms of amenity was influenced by the width, depth and finishing materials. The influence of a depth was stronger than other elements. The height of space was irrelevant to the satisfaction of amenity. Overall satisfaction in terms of efficiency was influenced by the height, depth and color of material. The width of space was not an influential factor for the satisfaction of efficiency.

· 연구 주제: 본 연구는 베이징 자단박물관의 공간 디자인 요소가 브랜드 이미지 형성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. · 연구 배경: 베이징 지탄 박물관은 명·청 시대 지탄 목재 전통 가구의 보존과 홍보를 목표로 하며, 전시와 복원을 통해 문화 보존과 교육을 결합한다. 중국 전통 미학을 반영한 공간 디자인을 통해 브랜드 정체성을 강화하고, 미적 감상과 문화 이해를 촉진하여 문화유산 보존의 선두 주자로 자리매김하고 있다. · 선행연구와의 차이점: 선행연구와의 차별점은 방문객의 인구 통계와 인식에 대한 심층 분석을 바탕으로 공간 디자인이 브랜드 정체성에 미치는 구체적 영향을 규명하고, 특히 표현적 요소가 박물관의 몰입형 환경 조성에 미치는 핵심적 역할을 강조한 점에 있다. · 연구방법: 본 논문은 공간 구성요소가 브랜드 이미지 형성에 미치는 영향을 구체적으로 분석함으로써, 표현적 요소(디스플레이, 조명)와 건축적 요소(정면, 천장)가 방문객의 인식과 경험에 미치는 역할을 강조했다. · 연구결과: 분석결과, 디스플레이와 조명이 표현적 요소 중 가장 큰 영향을 미쳤으며, 파사드와 천장은 구축적 요소 중 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 박물관의 공간 디자인이 브랜드 정체성을 강화하고 방문객의 경험을 향상시키는 데 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 시사한다. 본 연구는 향후 박물관이 공간 구성 전략을 수립하는 데 실질적인 기여를 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. · 공헌점 및 기대효과: 본 연구는 베이징 자단박물관의 공간 디자인 요소가 브랜드 이미지 형성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 표현적 요소(로고, 심볼, 마감재, 조명, 디스플레이, 가구)와 구축적 요소(파사드, 출입구, 바닥, 벽, 천장)를 중심으로 조사를 진행하

· Research topics: This study analyzed the influence of spatial design elements of the Beijing Jidan Museum on the formation of brand image. · Research background: Beijing Jitan Museum aims to preserve and promote traditional Zitan wood furniture during the Ming and Qing eras and combines cultural preservation and education through exhibition and restoration. It has strengthened its brand identity through spatial design reflecting traditional Chinese aesthetics. It has established itself as a leader in preserving cultural heritage by promoting aesthetic appreciation and cultural understanding.. · Differences from prior research: This study differs from previous studies in that it identifies the specific impact of spatial design on brand identity based on an in-depth analysis of visitor demographics and perceptions and emphasizes the key role of expressive elements in creating an immersive environment in museums. · Research Method: · Research method: This paper analyzed the impact of spatial components on brand image formation, specifically focusing on the role of expressive elements (display, lighting) and architectural elements (front, ceiling) in visitors' perceptions and experiences. · Research results: The analysis found that the display and lighting had the greatest influence among the expressive elements, and the facade and ceiling played an important role among the constructive elements. These results suggest that the museum's spatial design is important in strengthening brand identity and enhancing the visitor experience. This study is expected to make a practical contribution to establishing a spatial composition strategy for museums in the future. · Contribution points and expected effects: This study analyzed the influence of spatial design elements of the Beijing Jadan Museum on the formation of the brand image. To this end, the survey was conducted focusing on expressive elements (logos, symbols, finishes, lighting, displays, furniture) and constructive elements (facades, entrances, floors, walls, and ceilings), and how each affects the museum's brand image was reviewed through regression analysis.

For last decades, the interests and efforts to enhance healthcare facility users' experience is focused on improving facility environments for healing (Delvin, 2003) and servicescapes in order to meet the users' needs (Becker, 2008; Seunghee, 2011). In the emerging experience economy, customer want experiences and they're willing to pay for the experiences and memories not goods. (Pine, J. & Gillmore, J., 1999). It is important to identify what supports customer experiences and how they perceive the experiences in healthcare environments and it will provide important information for healthcare planners, managers, architects, and interior designers. This study examines the service user experience design elements from a User Experiences design perspective. It focuses on healthcare facilities as user experience elements and build up a conceptual framework that outlines service user experience design elements in healthcare facilities. Literature review and case studies were conducted to build the service user experience design elements according to affordance theory. Findings from this study shows that service user experience design elements were introduced and newly developed which can be categorized into three factors; 1) Functional experiences in the physical environments (safety, accessibility, self-directiveness), 2) emotional expression and cognitive experiences (identifiability/clarity, natural features/pleasant environment, aesthetic elements/playful space, media richness), 3) social relational experiences(closeness, privacy, communication with staff, integrated system). These service user experience design elements will help healthcare facility designers to understand what customer experiences, how they increase the satisfaction, and how they improve facilities for modeling the industry's best practices.

The purpose of the study is to present the social welfare center planning factors of space for promoting intergenerational exchanges between the elderly and children. To achieve the purpose, the study conducted a survey of professionals on the importance of planning factors. The results are as follows. First, it is surveyed that less high are Korean social welfare center planning and availability extents of space for intergenerational exchanges, while less no profound are the necessity and concern of such spaces. The result suggests that social welfare centers need a concrete planning of space for intergenerational exchanges. Second, it is identified that in order to promote intergenerational exchanges, there need to plan planning factors of each space, especially with focus on 'outdoor space' and 'specific space.' Third, it is revealed that regarding the importance of factors of 'specific space,' physical supports account for the high rates; architectural factors providing free space contribute to the supports of physical development; and decorative factors giving visual effects could be helpful for behaviors. Fourth, it is unveiled that the supports of physical behaviors are of the most importance in 'connecting space'. This would be planned as a path that gives a free access in spaces, with attention being paid to safety. Lastly, it is shown that in the case of 'outdoor space,' the supports of physical development are of the most importance. Given the fact that 'outdoor space' offers a wider scope of activities, and accommodates various available elements in connection with surrounding environments, it is considered that the space would be of help for intergenerational interactions. The study is expected to be utilized as the preliminary data which proposes the social welfare center planning factors of space for promoting intergenerational exchanges between the elderly and children.

본 연구의 목적은 공간데이터 구축시 아직까지 체계화되어 있지 않은 공간데이터의 품질 평가요소를 정립하는데 있다. 총 17개의 국내 공간데이터 품질관련 법규를 구축 공정, 작업방법, 장비, 정확도 등을 중심으로 분석하였다. 항공사진 촬영이 가능한 대규모 업체를 대상으로 작업순서, 사용장비, 작업순서 전후의 결과물의 정확도를 중심으로 조사하고 팀장급 직원들을 대상으로 현행 관련법규와 실무의 차이에 대하여 조사, 분석하였다. 조사, 분석한 내용을 기반으로 공간데이터의 구축공정을 항공사진을 이용한 수치지도 신규제작, 기존 수치지도 수정제작, 영상지도제작, 수치표고모델 구축 공정으로 구분하고, 각 공정별로 생성되는 공간데이터의 품질을 체크할 수 있는 요소들을 정립하였다.