Earticle

Purpose: Most studies have reported pain in the head-neck and upper-limbs according to smartphone usage, which is related to the proprioception sense in the head and neck, but there have been few studies. Therefore, the aim of this study was identify the adverse effects of the proprioceptive sense in the head-neck according to smartphone usage. Methods: Twenty-seven young adults (male: 9, female: 18) were enrolled in this study. The proprioceptive sense was measured through the joint reposition sense error and neural positon error in the head-neck during smartphone usage for 0, 5, and 20 minutes. The Noraxon MyoMotion system was used to record the joint position angle and neutral positon in the head-neck. One-way repeated ANOVA was used to identify the differences between the three smartphone use durations and the least-squares difference was used as a post hoc test. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 software. Results: The joint reposition sense error and neural positon error in the head-neck were significantly different among the 0, 5, and 20 minutes of smartphone usage (p<0.05). In the post hoc test, the joint reposition sense error and neural positon error showed a significant difference between smartphone use for 0 minute and 5 minute, and between smartphone use for 0 minute and 20 minutes. Conclusion: This study suggests that smartphone use within 5 minutes can have adverse effects on the proprioceptive sense. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the appropriate use time and break time when using smart phones.

본 연구에서는 스마트폰 이용동기가 어플리케이션 디스플레이 광고태도와 광고회피에 미치는 영향을 확인하였 다. 또한, 광고침입성의 매개효과를 확인하였다. 연구참여자는 309명이며 설문조사방법을 이용하여 자료를 수집하였 다. 공변량구조분석을 이용하여 스마트폰 이용동기와 어플리케이션 디스플레이 광고태도간의 인과관계를 분석하였으 며, 광고침입성의 매개효과를 검증하였다. 연구결과, 첫째 스마트폰 이용동기는 스마트폰 어플리케이션 디스플레이 광 고태도에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 스마트폰 어플리케이션 디스플레이 광고태도가 광고회피행동에 유의미한 영 향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 스마트폰 어플리케이션 디스플레이 광고태도는 지각된 광고침입성에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다. 넷 째, 스마트폰 에플리케이션 디스플레이 광고의 침입성 지각은 광고회피행동에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다. 마지막으로, 스마트폰 어플리케이션 디스플레이 광고태도와 광고회피 행동간에 인과관계에서 광고침입성 지각은 매개효과를 미쳤 다. 본 연구결과는 광고회피 행동을 감소시키는 전략을 제안하는데 기여할 것이다.

The effect of smartphone usage motivation on application display advertising attitude and advertising avoidance was investigated. In addition, the mediating effect of advertising intrusion was confirmed. The total number of participants in the study was 309, and the data collection method used a survey method. Covariate structural analysis was conducted to investigate the causal relationship between smartphone usage motivation and advertising attitude and the mediating effect of perceived intrusion on advertising avoidance. There are five results. First, the motivation for using smartphones had a significant effect on the display advertising attitude of smartphone applications. Second, the display advertising attitude of the smartphone application had a significant effect on the advertising avoidance behavior. Third, the display advertising attitude of smart phone application had a significant effect on perceived advertising intrusion. Fourth, the perception of intrusiveness of display advertising in smartphone applications had a significant effect on advertising avoidance behavior. Finally, it was confirmed that the perceived ad intrusion has a partial mediating effect in the causal relationship of the smartphone application display advertising attitude to the ad avoidance behavior. The results of this study will contribute to suggesting strategies to reduce advertising avoidance behavior.

본 연구는 청년층의 우울과 스마트폰 과의존의 관계에서, 스마트폰 사용 시간의 매개효과를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 기존 연구들이 주로 심리적 변인에 집중한 것과 달리, 본 연구는 구체적인 행동 지표를 통해 기제를 탐색했다는 점에서 차별성을 갖는다. 대학생 209명을 대상으로 우울, 스마트폰 과의존, 일평균 사용 시간을 측정하였고, Hayes(2022)의 Process Macro Model 4를 사용하여 매개효과를 분석하였 다. 연구 결과, 우울은 스마트폰 과의존에 직접적 영향을 미칠 뿐 아니라(B=0.527, p<.001), 사용 시간을 유의하게 증가시켜 과의존을 심화시키는 간접효과(B=0.116, 95% CI [0.046, 0.201])도 유의하였으며, 이는 총효과의 약 22%를 설명하였다. 이러한 결과는 우울한 청년이 부정적 정서를 회피하거나 조절하기 위해 스마트폰을 더 오래 사용하게 되고, 이러한 사용 시간의 증가가 과의존으로 이어지는 경로가 존재함 을 실증적으로 보여준다. 본 연구는 청년의 스마트폰 과의존 문제에 개입 시 우울 증상 완화를 위한 심리치료적 접근과 사용 시간 관리의 행동주의적 전략을 병행해야 함을 시사한다.

This study empirically examined the mediating effect of smartphone usage time on the relationship between depression and smartphone overdependence among young adults. Unlike previous studies that primarily focused on psychological variables, this research explored the mechanism through a specific behavioral indicator. Data were collected from 209 university students measuring depression, smartphone overdependence, and self-reported daily smartphone usage time. The mediating effect was analyzed using Hayes' (2022) Process Macro Model 4, with bootstrapping to verify statistical significance. The results showed that depression had a significant direct positive effect on smartphone overdependence (B=0.527, p<.001), and the indirect effect through smartphone usage time was also statistically significant (B=0.116, 95% CI [0.046, 0.201]), accounting for approximately 22.0% of the total effect. These findings suggest that interventions for smartphone overdependence among young adults should integrate psychotherapeutic approaches for depressive symptoms with behavioral strategies for usage time management.

The principal objective of this study was to develop and test a theoretical model of the effects of motivation factors on Social Networking Sites (SNS) usage behavior. We have utilized uses and gratifications theory as the underlying theoretical foundation to identify the factors that shape SNS usage behavior. The model was tested using AMOS, and the analysis result indicates that attitudes towards using SNS and outcome expectation are determined by difference motivation factors. Additionally, the results also suggest that the level of attitude towards using SNS and outcome expectation affect the degree of SNS usage. Moreover, this study also tests for moderating effects; the result demonstrates that the impact of motivation factors on SNS usage behavior differ across SNS user types. The model in this study has improved our understanding of SNS usage behavior, providing new theoretical insights into the successful design and implementation of SNS.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the key presence-related factors provided by meta-commerce platforms that influence consumer satisfaction and continued usage intention in light of the mediating effect of self-efficacy. “In order to examine the research objectives, a panel survey was administered by a professional research agency. A total of 200 valid responses were obtained and included in the final analysis. To test the hypotheses, SPSS 26.0 was used to perform various statistical analyses, including frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results reveal that there is a positive relationship among meta-commerce, consumer satisfaction and continued usage intention. Moreover, we found that there are mediating effect in the relationship between satisfaction and usage intention. By identifying key factors contributing to consumer self-efficacy and clarifying its impact on satisfaction and continued use, this study offers theoretical insights into the formation of meta-commerce consumer behavior.

The research conducted here focuses on the effect of factors that affect the behavior of UCC (User Created Content) website users, other than user’s rational recognition of how useful a UCC website can be. Most discussions in the existing literature on information systems have focused on users’ evaluation how a UCC website can help to attain the users’ own goals. However, there are other factors and this research pays attention to an individual’s ‘personality,’ which is stable and biological in nature. Specifically, I have noted here that ‘extroversion’ and ‘neuroticism,’ the two common personality factors presented in Eysenck’s most representative ‘EPQ Model’ and ‘Big Five Model,’ are the two personality factors that affect a site’s ‘usefulness,’ by this I mean how useful does the user consider the website and its content. How useful a site is considered by the user is the other factor that has been regarded as the antecedent factor that influences the adoption of information systems in the existing MIS (Management Information System) research. Secondly, as using or creating a UCC website does not guarantee the user’s or the creator’s extrinsic motivation, unlike when using the information system within an organization, there is a greater likelihood that the increase in user’s activities in relation to a UCC website is motivated by emotional factors rather than rational factors. Thus, I have decided to include the relationship between an individual’s personality and what they find pleasurable in the research model. Thirdly, when based on the S-O-R Paradigm of Mehrabian and Russell, the two cognitive factors and emotional factors are finally affected by stimulus, and thus these factors ultimately have an effect on an individual’s respondent behavior. Therefore, this research has presented an assumption that the recognition of how useful the site and content is and what emotional pleasure it provides will finally affect the behavior of the UCC website users. Finally, the relationship between the recognition of how useful a site is and how pleasurable it is to useand UCC usage may differ depending on certain situational conditions. In other words, the relationship between the three factors may vary according to how much users are involved in the creation of the website content. Creation thus emerges as the keyword of UCC. I analyzed the above relationships through the moderating variable of the user’s involvement in the creation of the site. The research result shows the following: When it comes to the relationship between an individual’s personality and what they find pleasurable it isextroverted users who have a greater likelihood to feel pleasure when using a UCC website, as was expected in this research. This in turn leads to a more active usage of the UCC web site because a person who is an extrovert likes to spend time on activities with other people, is sensitive to new experiences and stimuli and thus actively responds to these. An extroverted person accepts new UCC activities as part of his/her social life, rather than getting away from this new UCC environment. This is represented by the term ‘Foxonomy’ where the users meet a variety of users from all over the world and contact new types of content created by these users. However, neuroticism creates the opposite situation to that created by extroversion. The representative symptoms of neuroticism are instability, stress, and tension. These dispositions are more closely related to stress caused by a new environment rather than this creatingcuriosity or pleasure. Thus, neurotic persons have an uneasy feeling and will eventually avoid the situation where their own or others’ daily lives are frequently exposed to the open web environment, this eventually makes them have a negative attitude towards the web environment. When it comes to an individual’s personality and how useful site is, the two personality factors of extroversion and neuroticism both have a positive relationship with the recognition of how useful the site and its content is. The positive, curious, and social dispositions of extroverted persons tend to make them consider the future usefulness and possibilities of a new type of information system, or website,based on their positive attitude, which has a significant influence on the recognition of how useful these UCC sites are. Neuroticism also favorably affects how useful a UCC website can bethrough a different mechanism from that of extroversion. As the neurotic persons tend to feel uneasy and have much doubt about a new type of information system, they actively explore its usefulness in order to relieve their uncomfortable feelings. In other words, neurotic persons seek out how useful a site can be in order to secure their own stable feelings. Meanwhile, extroverted persons explore how useful a site can be because of their positive attitude and curiosity. As a lot of MIS research has revealed that the recognition of how useful a site can be and how pleasurable it can be to use have been proven to have a significant effect on UCC activity. However, the relationship between these factors reveals different aspects based on the user’s involvement in creation. This factor of creationgauges the interest of users in the creation of UCC contents. Involvement is a variable that shows the level of an individual’s mental effort in creating UCC contents. When a user is highly involved in the creation process and makes an enormous effort to create UCC content (classed a part of a high-involvement group), their own pleasure and recognition of how useful the site is have a significantly higher effect on the future usage of the UCC contents, more significantly than the users who sit back and just retrieve the UCC content created by others. The cognitive and emotional response of those in the low-involvement group is unlikely to last long,even if they recognize the contents of a UCC website is pleasurable and useful to them. However, the high-involvement group tends to participate in the creation and the usage of UCC more favorably, connecting the experience with their own goals. In this respect, this research presents an answer to the question; why so many people are participating in the usage of UCC, the representative form of the Web 2.0 that has drastically involved more and more people in the creation of UCC, even if they cannot gain any monetary or social compensation. Neither information system nor a website can succeed unless it secures a certain level of user base. Moreover, it cannot be further developed when the reasons, or problems, for people’s participation are not suitably explored, even if it has a certain user base. Thus, what is significant in this research is that it has studied users’ respondent behavior based on an individual’s innate personality, emotion, and cognitive interaction, unlike the existing research that has focused on ‘compensation’ to explain users’ participation with the UCC website. There are also limitations in this research. Firstly, I divided an individual’s personality into extroversion and neuroticism; however, there are many other personal factors such as neuro-psychiatricism, which also needs to be analyzed for its influence on UCC activities. Secondly, as a UCC website comes in many types such as multimedia, Wikis, and podcasting, these types need to be included as a sub-category of the UCC websites and their relationship with personality, emotion, cognition, and behavior also needs to be analyzed.

The purpose of this study was to examine which attributes affect consumer satisfaction and continuous usage intention by reflecting the characteristics of various OTT service platforms that are continuously developing. This study conducted a survey from January 11, 2022, to January 14, 2022, of 250 ordinary men and women in their teens or older who have experience using OTT service content for the past two years to collect data. In order to analyze the data, exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were used. First, as a result of analyzing Hypothesis 1, it was found that among the characteristics of the OTT service platform, personalization, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and quality excluding subscription plan had a significant effect on satisfaction. Secondly, as a result of analyzing Hypothesis 2, it was found that consumer satisfaction had a significant effect on continuous usage intention. Third, as a result of analyzing Hypothesis 3, it was found that among the characteristics of the OTT service platform, the subscription plan, perceived usefulness, and quality had a significant effect on continuous usage intention. This study will be useful for OTT service companies to establish differentiated marketing strategies that can satisfy consumers amid fierce competition in the OTT service market and to strengthen competitiveness by attracting loyal customers from a long-term perspective.

With the growth and expansion of the service sector, it becomes challenges to managers and academics who desire to investigate how service value is created and how the structure and dynamics of the value network influence the utilization of the service system. This study investigates a research model regarding the use of electronic financial services drawing upon the e-service acceptance model. The current study categorizes electronic financial services provided by banks into transaction-oriented services (TOS) and communication-oriented services (COS) to emphasize the co-value creation. The research model considers self-efficacy, ease of use, perceived usefulness, and perceived risk as the antecedents to the use of e-banking services. Our results show that the use behavior of e-banking services is affected by different sets of factors: the use of both COS and TOS is found to be affected by finance specific self-efficacy, finance specific ease of use, and perceived usefulness, whereas the use of TOS is affected by general Internet self efficacy. This study contributes to understand aspects of the actual use of service network. This study provides the practical guidelines that could promote user participation to the value creation activities in the financial service network.

We studied consumer reactions and awareness to the Self-Service Technology (SST) environment during the Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study adopted the Absorption Capacity Model as the main framework of empirical studies. In combination with the model, consumers' intention to use SST for four stages of time was identified to track the social impact of COVID-19. Using latent growth model and structural equation model, this study set organizational and environmental characteristics as the first stage of the model, and assimilation and trust as the middle stage. The results of the study showed that organizational and environmental characteristics have a positive effect on assimilation and trust, except for environmental characteristics. Consumers' SST assimilation stimulate immediate intent to use kiosks. While, consumer trust in kiosks has been shown to have a positive effect on both immediate and continuous intentions to use kiosks during the COVID-19 period.

Technology companies launched their intelligent personal assistants (IPAs). IPAs not only provide individuals with a convenient way to interact with technology but also offer them the opportunity to interact with AI in a useful and meaningful form. Therefore, the global IPAs have experienced tremendous growth over the past decade. But maintaining continuous usage intention is still a massive challenge for developers and marketers and previous technology adoption models are not enough to explain continuous usage intention of IPAs. Thus, we adopted the bi-dimensional perspectives of utilitarian and hedonic value in this research model, and investigated how three characteristics of IPAs - anthropomorphism, autonomy, and intelligence - affect utilitarian value and hedonic value, which in turn continuous usage intentions. 227 data were collected from IPA users. The results showed that IPAs’ continuous usage intention is significantly determined by both utilitarian and hedonic value, with the hedonic value being more prominent. In addition, the results showed that anthropomorphism and intelligence are the most important antecedents of utilitarian and hedonistic value. The results also illustrated that autonomy is a crucial predictor of utilitarian value rather than hedonistic value. Our work contributes to current research by widening the theoretical understanding of the effect of IPA characteristics on continuous usage intention through bi-dimensional values. Our paper also provides IPAs’ developer and marketer guidelines for enhancing continuous usage intention.

본 연구는 서비스 구매 상황에서 사용량 제시 방식과 통제감 수준에 따른 종량제 선택 차이를 검증하고자 하였다. 소비자들은 구매 상황에서 정액제를 선호하는 현상을 보이면서, 보다 이득이 될 수 있는 종량제의 선택을 꺼린다. 서비스는 지불 시점과 사용 시점이 다르기 때문에 소비자는 미래의 사용량을 추론하고 이를 기반으로 지불 대비 최대의 이득을 얻을 수 있는 요금제를 선택한다. 이때, 서비스를 처음 구매하는 소비자는 소비량을 추론하는 것을 어려워하기 때문에 마케터의 입장에서 종량제를 더욱 매력적으로 제시하여 서비스를 처음 구매하는 소비자들의 구매를 유도할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 제공되는 숫자 정보에 의한 앵커링 효과가 사용량 예측과 더불어 종량제 선택률에 영향을 미칠 것임을 예상하였다. 동시에 사용량을 얼마나 잘 통제할 수 있는가에 관한 지각은 앵커링 이후의 조정 과정과 구매 자체에 관여하기 때문에 사용량 제시 방식과 통제감에 의한 종량제 선택률 차이가 존재할 것임을 예상하였다. 연구 1에서는 사용량 제시 방식에 따라 계산 용이성이 달라졌을 때 종량제 선택률이 달라짐을 확인하였다. 사용량을 Multiple unit으로 제시할 때보다 Single unit으로 제시할 때, 더 작은 수에 앵커링 되어 종량제 선택률이 높았고, Multiple unit으로 제시될 때는 계산 용이성 수준이 낮을 때보다 높을 때, 통제감을 높게 지각하여 자신의 행동을 더 잘 통제할 것이라고 예측하기 때문에 종량제 선택률이 높음을 확인하였다. 또한, 연구 2에서는 사용량 제시 방식과 모니터링 수준 차이가 종량제 선택에 미치는 효과를 검증하였다. 모니터링 수준이 높을 때는 통제감을 높게 지각하고, 모니터링 수준이 낮을 때는 통제감을 낮게 지각하였으며, 이에 따른 종량제 선택 차이를 분석한 결과가 연구 1과 동일함을 확인하였다. 또한, 종량제에 대한 구매의도에 있어서 사용량 제시 방식과 모니터링 수준의 상호작용이 유의함을 검증하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 사용량 제시 방식에 의한 앵커링 효과와 계산 용이성, 모니터링에 의한 통제감 수준이 종량제 선택에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 시사하며, 적합한 제시 방식과 통제감을 조절하여 종량제 선택을 증가시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시한다.

This study was aimed at verifying the pay-per-use choice difference following the usage suggestion manner and the control level in the service purchase situation. Consumers are unwilling to choose the pay-per-use that can be more lucrative while preferring the flat-rate in the purchase situation. Since the service has the difference in the payment time and use time, consumers infer the future usage and choose a rate system to obtain the maximum profit compared to the payment on the basis of it. At this time, consumers who purchase the service for the first time, could not choice the tariff because it is hard to infer the amount of consumption. Therefore, marketers need to suggest the pay-per-use more attractively to induce the consumers' purchase who buy the service for the first time. Particularly the service applies to the inter-temporal choice that the purchase and use are not done at the same time, and it is difficult to know the value of alternatives due to the intangibility so it is very difficult to predict the future usage. Therefore, consumers predict the future usage based on the information about the alternative suggested in the purchase context. At this time, it was anticipated that the anchoring effect by the provided number information would influence the pay-per-use choice rate with the usage prediction. The perception on how well to control the usage simultaneously was involved in the adjustment after anchoring and the purchase itself so the researcher attempted to verify the pay-per-use selection rate difference by the usage suggestion manner and the control level. In the study 1, it was confirmed that the pay-per-use selection rate changed when the countable level changed according to how to suggest the usage. The pay-per-use selection rate was high because the usage was anchored to the smaller number when suggesting by single unit rather than suggesting by multiple unit. In the study 2, the category was fixed as one and the monitoring level was adjusted to verify the effect of the usage suggesting manner and the monitoring level difference on the pay-per-use selection. When the monitoring level was high, one perceived the control level highly and when the monitoring level was low, the sense of control was perceived lowly. The result that analyzed the pay-per-use selection difference following this was the same as the study 1. Also, the purchase intention on the pay-per-use was measured in the study 2.

본 연구는 뉴미디어 수용을 설명하는 데 있어 핵심 선행 변수인 소비자 혁신성과 함께 IPTV의 수용의도를 설명하는 매개변수로서 기존 미디어에 대한 이용행동과 가치관의 유용성을 확인하고자 하였다. 이에 따라 기존 미디어에 대한 이용행동과 미디어에 대한 가치관을 매개변수로 소비자 혁신성이 IPTV 수용의도에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 구조방정식을 통한 검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 소비자의 미디어 혁신성은 미디어 이용행동에 영향을 미치며 소비자의 미디어 혁신성은 미디어 가치관에도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 미디어 이용행동과 미디어 가치관 모두 IPTV 수용의도에도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 매개효과의 검증에서는 소비자의 미디어 혁신성은 미디어 이용행동을 매개로 하여 IPTV 수용의도에 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 미디어 가치관을 매개로 하여 IPTV 수용에도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 다매체 환경에서 IPTV의 수용을 설명하고 예측하는 선행변수로서 소비자의 혁신성과 함께 기존 미디어와 관련한 소비자 변수의 매개효과를 고려하는 것이 유용함을 보여준다.

This study is mainly interested in identifying whether media use behavior and values on existing media are useful mediating variables in explaining the acceptance of IPTV. Therefore, this study employed three variables of consumer innovativeness, media use behavior and values on media and set up hypothetical model to find out how innovativeness affect IPTV acceptance being mediated by media use behavior and values on media. To test hypothetical model structural equation was employed. Results show that consumers' media innovativeness affects media use behavior and values on media. Media use behavior and values on media affect intention toward IPTV acceptance. In mediation effect, consumers' media innovativeness affects intention toward IPTV acceptance through the mediating effect of media use behavior and values on media. These results suggest that in today's multi-media environment consumer factors related with existing media should be carefully considered to explain and forecast intention toward IPTV acceptance.

본 연구는 SNS 중독경향성에 영향을 미치는 변인으로 내현적자기애를 설정하고, 내현적자기애와 SNS 중독경향성 간의 관계에서 SNS 이용동기(대인관계 추구동기, 지위추구동기, 정보추구동기, 오락추구동기)의 매개효과를 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 대전․충남권의 중․고등학생 295명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였고, SPSS 21.0과 PROCESS Macro 통계프로그램을 사용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 내현적자기애와 SNS 중독경향성 간에 유의한 정적 상관이 있었다. 둘째, 내현적자기애와 SNS 이용동기 간의 관계에서 대인관계추구동기, 지위추구동기, 오락추구동기만이 유의미한 직접효과가 나타났다. 셋째, SNS 이용동기와 SNS 중독경향성 간의 관계에서 지위추구동기, 오락추구동기만이 유의미한 직접효과가 나타났다. 또한 SNS 이용동기 중 지위추구동기와 오락추구동기가 내현적자기애와 SNS 중독경향성 간의 관계를 매개함을 확인하였다. 넷째, 내현적자기애, 지위추구동기, SNS 중독경향성의 변인이 성별에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였고, 매개된 조절분석을 실시한 결과 내현적자기애가 높은 남성은 내현적자기애가 높은 여성보다 지위추구동기를 통해 SNS 중독경향성에 빠질 경향성이 유의하게 높았다. 이는 내현적자기애 성향의 개인이 지위추구동기, 오락추구동기를 갖고 SNS를 사용할 때 SNS중독이 될 위험이 높으며, 지위추구동기가 높은 남성은 SNS에 중독될 위험이 더 높다는 것을 의미한다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 연구의 의의 및 제한점과 후속연구를 위한 제언에 대해 논의하였다.

In this research, we attempted to explore the mediating effect of SNS usage motivation in relation between covert narcissism and SNS addiction proneness. For this purpose, data was collected from among middle and high school students in cities Chungcheongnam-do, Daejeon, and analysed through multiple-path mediated effect, applying bootstrapping technique The research results are summarized as follows First, the relationship between covert narcissism and SNS addiction proneness has a significant statistical effect. Second, there is significant positive effect between covert narcissism and SNS usage motivation, excluding information seeking motivation. Third, only self-status, entertainment motivation have a statistically significant effect between SNS usage motive and SNS addiction proneness. The results showed that the sub-scales of SNS usage motivation (self-status, entertainment motivation) mediated the relationship between covert narcissism and SNS addiction proneness. Fourth, covert narcissism, self-status motivation, and SNS addiction proneness were significantly different according to gender. Mediated moderation analysis shows that men are more likely to have SNS addiction proneness due to the influence of self-status motivation. Based on these results, implications and limitations of the study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

본 연구는 부모의 학대가 고등학생의 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향에서 성인용 매체 이용의 빈도와 몰입의 정도가 매개효과를 갖는지 분석하였다. 한국청소년정책연구원에서 실시한 한국아동청소년패널조사의 제5차 데이터를 활용하여 고등학교 2학년 학생 총 2,091명을 최종 분석하였다. 매개효과 검증을 위해 구조방정식 모형을 활용한 결과, 첫째, 고등학생이 지각한 부모의 학대는 성인용 매체 이용 빈도에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 분석되었으나, 성인용 매체 몰입도에는 정적(+)으로 학교생활적응에는 부적(-)으로 유의미하게 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 매개변수가 종속변수인 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향을 살펴보면, 성인용 매체 이용 빈도는 학교생활적응에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않지만, 성인용 매체 몰입도는 학교생활적응에 부적(-)으로 영향을 주어, 매개변수 간에 차이를 보였다. 따라서 성인용 매체 몰입도는 고등학생이 지각한 부모의 학대와 학교생활적응의 관계에서 부분매개를 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 부모의 학대를 예방하고, 청소년의 학교생활적응을 지원하며, 성인매체 몰입을 낮추기 위한 사회복지적 개입 방안을 제시하였다.

This study tries to examine the effect of parents’abuse on school life adjustment of high-school students, and prove the mediating effect of frequency of sexual-materials use and addiction level between the two variables. For the study, 2,091 cases of high school students in their 2nd year were analyzed. The analysis was conducted by using the 5th wave panel data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. We used the structural equation model in order to verify the mediating effect. The findings of the study are as follows; first, perceived parental abuse influenced not the frequency of sexual-materials usage, but rather significantly influenced the addiction level to these materials and the quality of school life adjustment. Second, when focusing on the effect of the mediating variable on the dependent variable ? quality of adjustment to school life ? the frequency of sexual-materials usage does not post a significant impact, but the addiction level to sexual materials did influence students’adjustment to school life significantly; hence, the difference between the two mediating variables. Therefore, the addiction level to sexual-materials has partial mediating effect on the relationship between perceived negative parental attitude and school life adjustment. Based on these results of the study, we proposed social welfare intervention plans in order to prevent parental abuse and neglect, to support school life adjustment of adolescents, and to reduce sexual-material addictions.

본 연구에서는 이미지 기반 SNS의 특성을 가장 잘 드러내는 인스타그램을 연구대상으로 이용자들이 이미지 하단에 해시(#)와 함께 문장이나 단어 및 이모티콘을 활용해 스토리를 구성하는 해시태그의 이용동기를 탐색해보고자 하였다. 또한, 해시태그 이용동기가 인스타그램 이용행동에 미치는 영향을 확인하고 사회비교 성향의 조절효과를 검증 하였다. 분석결과, 인스타그램에서의 해시태그 이용동기는 각각 놀이문화동기, 참여유도동기, 콘텐츠기록동기와 정보공유동기로 확인되었다. 각각의 해시태그 이용동기가 이용행동에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 참여유도와 콘텐츠기록 및 정보공유 동기는 사진편집 행동에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러, 놀이문화와 참여유도 및 콘텐츠기록 동기는 해시태그 게시에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 반면, 사회비교의 조절효과는 일부변인에만 유의미하게 나타났다. 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 인스타그램의 주요한 기능인 해시태그의 이용동기를 모색한다는 점에서 해시태그에 대한 이론적 틀을 구축할 수 있을 것으로 기대하며, 이미지 기반의 SNS 이용행동에 대한 자료로써 활용가치가 있다.

This study aimed at researching Instagram that best reveals the characteristics of image-based SNS. Instagram users wanted to explore the motivation of using hashtags that make up stories using sentences, words, and emoticons with hashes (#) at the bottom of the image. In addition, the effects of hashtag motivation on Instagram behavior and the moderating effect of social comparison tendency were verified. The results are as follows. First, the motivation for using hashtags on Instagram was identified as motivation for play culture, motivation for participation, content recording and information sharing. Second, as a result of analyzing the effects of each hashtag's motivation on use behavior, participation induction, content recording, and information sharing motivation have a significant effect on photo editing behavior. In addition, play culture, participation induction and content recording motives were found to have a significant effect on the posting of hashtags. Third, the moderating effect of social comparison was only significant for some variables. The results of this study are expected to be able to build a theoretical framework for hashtags in that they seek to motivate the use of hashtags, which are the main functions of Instagram.

청소년의 인터넷 사용유형이 성별에 따라 다르게 나타남에도 불구하고, 대부분의 연구는 성별 차이를 반영하지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 한국청소년패널조사(KYPS)의 중 2 패널 중 4차년도 자료를 사용하여 청소년의 인터넷 사용유형이 학교부적응과 학업성적을 매개로 우울과 공격성에 미치는 영향이 성별에 따라 달라지는지를 검토하였다. 이를 위해 구조방정식 모형을 이용한 다집단 분석을 하였다. 분석결과, 오락추구형이 공격성과 학교부적응에 미치는 영향, 정보추구형이 학교부적응에 미치는 영향, 학교부적응이 우울과 공격성에 미치는 영향에서 남녀 간 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 먼저, 오락추구형의 인터넷 사용은 남자청소년과 달리 여자청소년의 학교부적응에 정적인(+) 영향을 미치며, 정보추구형의 인터넷 사용은 남자청소년보다 여자청소년의 학교부적응에 있어서 부적인(-) 영향을 더 강하게 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 학교부적응이 우울에 미치는 영향은 남자청소년에게 더 강하게 정적인(+) 영향을 미치는 반면 학교부적응이 공격성에 미치는 영향은 여자청소년에게 더 강하게 정적인(+)영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 청소년들에게 이러한 성별 차이를 반영한 적절한 인터넷 이용 가이드를 제공해야 한다는 실천적 함의를 제공하고 있다.

Adolescent internet usage types were different by gender but most of studies did not reflect such difference. This study analyzed how adolescent internet usage types had effects on depression and aggression differently by gender. School maladjustment and academic achievement were used as mediating variables. Data were obtained from the fourth wave data(middle school panel) of Korea Youth Panel Survey(KYPS). Structural equation modeling and multiple group analysis method were employed for statistical analyses. The result showed that there were significant differences by gender in terms of the influence of entertainment type on aggression and school maladjustment; the influence of information type on school maladjustment; and the influence of school maladjustment on depression and aggression. Specifically, entertainment type had positive effects on school maladjustment of female adolescents and it was different from male adolescents. Information type had much stronger negative effects on school maladjustment of female adolescents than male adolescents. Although school maladjustment had stronger positive effects on depression of male adolescents, it had stronger positive effects on aggression of female adolescents. This study recommended the appropriate internet usage guideline for adolescents by taking gender differences into account.

본 연구는 스마트폰 쇼핑 활용도를 구성하고 있는 잠재 연구 변인들을 통해 고객으로 하여금 자신들이 인지하고 있는 인지적 나이 수준에 따라 사회적 관련성과 기술 신속 적응성에 어느 정도의 영향을 미치고 있는가에 대한 인과관계를 검증하고, 이를 통해 궁극적으로 고객 자신들이 속해있는 세분시장 내에서 브랜드 충성도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가에 대한 연구가설과 연구모형을 설정하고 검증하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 스마트폰 쇼핑활용도와 이를 구성하고 있는 혁신성, 편의성, 유용성 그리고 쾌락성의 잠재 연구 변인들이 인지적 나이 수준에 어느 정도의 인과관계를 통하여 영향을 주고 있는가를 검증하였다. 둘째, 고객 자신들이 인지하고 있는 인지적 나이 수준에 따라 사회적 관련성과 기술 신속 적응성의 매개변인 간 어느 정도의 영향을 주고 있는지 인과관계를 검증하였으며, 셋째, 인지적 나이 수준에 따른 사회적 관련성 그리고 기술 신속 적응성을 통해서 고객들의 세분시장 내에서 브랜드 충성도에 영향을 미치는가에 대하여 인과관계를 검증하였다. 본 연구를 위해 수도권(서울 및 경기)을 중심으로 거주하고 있는 표본집단 350명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고, SPSS 23과 AMOS 23을 활용하여 표본의 인구통계학적 특성과 연구 변인들의 타당성 및 신뢰성 검증을 위하여 요인분석과 신뢰성 그리고 연구모형 검증을 하였다. 연구 결과 연구 변인들의 타당성 및 신뢰성과 가설 및 모형이 모두 적합한 것으로 나왔고 이에 대한 학문적 실무적 시사점을 제시하였다.

This study, through the potential research variables constituting smartphine shopping utilization, affects to some extent the social relevance and rapid adaptability of technology according to the cognitive age level perceived by customers. Research hypotheses and research models were established and tested to verify the research results on how they affect brand loyalty within the segmented market to which they belong. The purpose of this study is as follows. First, it was verified through the degree of casual relationship between smartphone shopping usage and potential research variables of innovation, convenience, usefulness, and hedonism that compose it, on the cognitive age level. Second, according to the cognitive age level perceived by customers themselves, it was verified through the degree of casual relationship between the mediators of social relevance and technology quick adaptability. Third, the casual relationship between social relevance, technology quick adaptability, and brand loyalty was verified according to the cognitive age level. Fourth, a theoretical study was conducted on the conceptual and operational definitions of the research variables of the research model of this study.

시멘트 소성로에서 폐합성수지와 같은 대체 연료 사용량 증대와 시멘트 소성로 내부 염소 성분의 안정적인 제어를 위하여 chlorine bypass (이하 CB라 칭함) 설비 적용 효과를 예측함으로써 향후 대체 연료 사용량 증가에 따른 적정 CB 설비 용량을 파악하고자 하였다. 염소 성분 거동 예측을 위하여 현재 시멘트 소성로 운전조건에서 염소 성분 거동 현황 및 mass-balance를 측정 후 폐합성수지 사용량 및CB 비율 변화에 따른 시멘트 소성로에서 염소 성분 거동을 예측하였다. 염소 성분 거동 계산 결과, 시멘트 연료 대체 사용량 22.8%(폐합성수지 투입량 252 ton/day)를 향후 81.3%(폐합성수지 투입량 900 ton/day) 수준으로 증가한다고 가정할 때 소성로 inlet에서 현재 수준의 염소 농도를 유지하기 위한 CB 비율은 10% 수준인 것으로 예측되었다.

To enhance the use of alternative fuels such as waste synthetic resin and stabilize chlorine control in cement kilns, this study investigates the effects of implementing a chlorine bypass (CB) system and determines the required CB capacity for future increases in alternative fuel usage. By analyzing the behavior and mass balance of chlorine components under current cement kiln operating conditions, the chlorine behavior was predicted under varying waste synthetic resin inputs and CB ratios. The results indicate that increasing alternative fuel usage from 22.8% (252 ton/day of waste synthetic resin input) to 81.3% (900 ton/day) necessitates a CB ratio of approximately 10% to maintain the current chlorine concentration at the kiln inlet. This study provides valuable insights for optimizing alternative fuel utilization in cement kilns while ensuring effective chlorine management.