Earticle

본 연구에서는 정서조절과 정서조절과정에 대한 성찰능력을 통합적으로 평가하는 정신화된 정서성 척도 한국판(Korean Mentalized Affectivity Scale, K-MAS)의 요인구조, 신뢰도와 타당도를 확인하였다. 국내 남녀 대학(원)생 총 591명을 대상으로 온라인 설문을 실시하고, SPSS와 Mplus를 사용해 자료를 분석했다. 탐색적 요인분석과 신뢰도를 분석한 연구1(n=341)에서 K-MAS는 원판과 동일하게 정서 식별, 정서 처리 및 정서 표현을 포함한 3요인 구조가 확인되었다. 전체 문항 및 각 하위요인의 내적 일치도는 원척도와 비슷하거나 다소 높은 수준이었다. 연구2(n=250)의 확인적 요인분석 결과 K-MAS의 3요인 구조가 비교적 적절한 모델인 것으로 나왔고, 최종 54문항에 대한 내적 일치도도 높았다. 정서조절곤란, 성찰기능, 삶의 만족도, 그리고 성인애착 척도와의 상관분석을 통해 수렴 타당도와 준거 관련 타당도를 확인한 결과 역시 양호했다. 원척도 타당화 결과와 다르게 정서식별을 잘 할수록 정서표현을 덜 하는 것으로 나온 요인분석과 요인 간 상관관계 분석결과를 집단주의적 문화적 맥락에서 논의하였다. 본 연구의 의의와 장, 단점, 그리고 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의에 포함하였다.

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Mentalized Affectivity Scale (MAS), an integrative measure of mentalization and emotion regulation. Data from 591 undergraduate and graduate students recruited online were analyzed using SPSS and Mplus. In Study 1 (n=341), the EFA revealed three factors (identifying, processing, and expressing) as in the original MAS. Internal consistency of total items and sub-factors were similar or better than the MAS. In Study 2 (n=250), the fit indices for the 3-factor model in the CFA were appropriate. Internal consistency of the final 54 items was high. K-MAS had good concurrent and criterion validity with reflective functioning, difficulty with emotion regulation, satisfaction with life, and adult attachment. Cross-cultural implications regarding different factor loadings and subscale level correlations between Identifying and Expressing subscales were discussed. Strengths and limitations of the current findings and suggestions for future study are also discussed.

유전표지인자를 이용한 선발(marker assisted selection; MAS)과 전통적인 표현형기록에 근거한 반응의 비교분석을 위하여 고정효과모델(deterministic model)을 이용하여 시뮬레이션을 하였다. 자신의 단일 기록을 이용한 경우와 자신의 기록과 자신의 표지인자 정보를 이용할 경우 유전력이 높을수록 MAS의 효율성이 38%정도 높게 나타났다. 그러나 유전력이 높은 경우(50%) MAS의 효율성은 약 1%정도로서 효율성이 대단히 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 자신의 기록과 부모의 표현형 정보에 표지인자 정보를 추가할 경우 MAS의 효율성은 27% 정도였으며 마찬가지로 유전력이 높은 경우에는 효율성이 0에 가깝게 나타났다. MAS의 효율성은 유전력이 낮을수록 그리고 이용한 표지인자의 유전적 변이가 클수록 효율성이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다.

The efficiency of marker assisted selection(MAS) over conventional selection index based sorely on phenotypic records was studied by deterministic simulation model. Parameter combination of heritability and amount of genetic variation due to the markers included in the index was employed. For the index with own phenotypic information vs. the index with own phenotypic plus marker information, the relative efficiency of MAS over the selection with phenotypic records was about 38% high when heritability was low(0.05). However, when heritability was high(50%), the relative efficiency of MAS was vary low and almost negligible. For more practical situation of selection index which included information on own, sire and dam, MAS was less effective than when selection criteria was only on own performance.

본 연구는 외상성 뇌손상 환자들의 잔류 인지장애 평가의 타당도를 알아보기 위해 임상 현장에서 가장 널리 쓰이고 있는 검사중 하나인 K-MMSE와 K-MAS의 진단 타당도를 분석하였다. 또한 K-MMSE와 K-MAS의 진단능력 차이에 영향을 주는 변인을 알아보기 위해 연령, 교육연한, 뇌손상의 심각도 등의 영향을 분석하였다. 연구 1에서 피험자는 외상성 뇌손상의 후유장애 판정을 위해 신경정신과를 내원한 76명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구결과 K-MMSE 점수는 K-MAS와 달리 연령과 학력의 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 K-MMSE는 K-MAS에 비해 뇌손상 진단의 민감도가 떨어졌으며, 연령과 학력을 고려한 절단점수를 적용하여도 민감도의 차이는 유의하게 나타났다. 연구 2에서 뇌손상의 심각도에 따른 두 검사 결과의 차이를 알아보았다. 결과 K-MMSE가 뇌손상의 세 수준(가벼운/중간/심한)을 유의하게 구별해 주는데 반해서, K-MAS는 가벼운 수준의 뇌손상과 중간 이상의 뇌손상만을 유의하게 구별하였다. 그러나 가벼운 수준의 뇌손상 환자들의 K-MMSE 점수의 평균은 뇌손상 판정 절단점수 보다 높게 나타났다. 끝으로 본 연구의 임상적 의의와 제한점이 논의되었다.

This study analyzed diagnostic validity of K-MMSE, one of the most popular evaluation tools in the clinical setting, and K-MAS to investigate the validity of evaluating residual cognitive problems in traumatic brain injury(TBI) patients. To investigate factors affecting diagnostic capacity of K-MMSE and K-MAS, we analyze the influence of age, education level and severity of brain injury. In study 1, participants were 76 traumatic brain injury patients who visited neuropsychiatry to evaluate residual cognitive problem. Results indicated that K-MMSE score was significantly affected by age and education level but K-MAS wasn't. Besides, K-MAS showed higher sensitivity than K-MMSE in diagnosing brain injury. This result still existed after adopting adjusted cut-off score reflecting influence of age and education level. In study 2, we studied differences of test score among 3 different injury severity groups. The result indicated that K-MMSE could significantly discriminate 3 group(mild/moderate/severe) divided by severity of brain injury. But K-MAS could only discriminate between the mild group and the other 2 groups. Mean score of K-MMSE of mild severity group was above cut-off score for diagnosing brain injury. Finally, the clinical implication and limitation of present study were discussed.

탈중심화는 자신의 생각이나 감정, 감각 등의 경험을 객관적으로 관찰하는 능력을 의미한다. 탈중심화를 측정하는 기존의 도구들은 이론적 기반이 다소 취약하며 서로 다른 구성요소를 제안하고 있어 혼란을 일으키고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 탈중심화에 대한 이론적 분석을 바탕으로 개발된 다차원적 알아차림 척도(Multidimensional Awareness Scale [MAS])를 한국어로 번안하여 타당화하고자 했다. 이를 위해 국내 성인 750명의 응답을 분석에 사용하였다. 탐색적 요인분석, 확인적 요인분석과 탐색적 구조방정식을 통해 요인구조를 살펴보고, 연령에 따른 측정동일성 검증을 실시하였다. 마지막으로 탈중심화 관련 구성 개념 및 반응 양식과의 상관분석을 통해 수렴 및 변별타당도를 살펴보았으며, 공존타당도를 확인하기 위해 정서조절곤란, 우울, 불안, 심리적 유연성, 삶의 만족도와의 상관을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 한국판 MAS는 적절한 수준의 내적 일치도를 보였다. 원척도와 달리 4요인 구조가 적합한 것으로 확인되었으며, 연령에 따른 측정동일성이 유지되는 것으로 나타났다. 수렴타당도와 변별타당도, 공존타당도 또한 양호한 것으로 확인되었다.

Decentering refers to the ability to objectively observe one’s thoughts, emotions, and sensory experiences. Existing measures of decentering have theoretical limitations and propose different conceptual components. This study aimed to validate the Korean version of the Multidimensional Awareness Scale (K-MAS). For this purpose, responses from 750 Korean adults were included in the analysis. The factor structure was examined using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and exploratory structural equation modeling. Measurement invariance across age groups was also tested. Finally, convergent and discriminant validity were assessed by analyzing correlations with constructs related to decentering and response styles. Concurrent validity was examined based on correlations with difficulties in emotion regulation, depression, anxiety, psychological flexibility, and life satisfaction. The results demonstrated adequate internal consistency. A four-factor structure was identified as the best fit, and measurement invariance across age groups was supported. The scale demonstrated satisfactory levels of convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity.

The market is the main place for buying and selling alternative food ingredients and is rich in local wisdom. This study aims to explain the diversity of food plants and alternative foods that are traded in the Kranggan Mas traditional market, Bekasi, and their potential as healthy food ingredients. The research was conducted with an ethnobotanical approach with surveys, interviews and observations. Respondents in the study were all traders who traded alternative food ingredients. Qualitative analysis grouping plants based on benefits, families, and parts used. There were 143 species belonging 105 genera and 46 families of food plants that were traded at the Kranggan Mas traditional market. Most of the plants are used as vegetables (51 species), followed by fruit sources (45 species) and followed by cooking spices (38 species) and alternative food (12 species). A total 128 species have been cultivated and 10 species are wild. The availability of diversity of food plants in traditional markets has an impact on the preservation of traditional foods of the surrounding community, such as sayur asem (Betawi ethnicity), pecel (Javanese ethnicity), and lalab (Sundanese ethnicity). Supply and development of food, especially wild and semi-cultivated plants such as Dioscorea spp. and Artocarpus sp., need to be studied further so that preservation and healthy food can be improved.

Femina est mas occasionatus－Aristotle's Effect on the Thomas Aquinas' View of Female Sex－Yong-Gu Cha Thomas Aquinas follow Aristotle in his view that male is ordered to the more noble activity, intellectual knowledge, whereas the female, although possessing a rational soul, was created solely with respect to her sexuality, her body, as an aid in reproduction for the preservation of the species. Thomas also follows Aristotelian biology in his assertion that the girl child represents a defective haman being, the result of an accident to the male sperm, which was thought to contaim the complete human being in potentia and to reproduce by nature the likeness of its origin, that is, another male. This finality of the female as a mere instrumentality, an aid to reproduction, is the only explanation Thomas can offer for the existence of a “second sex”, since for any other activity man would have been better served by a male helpmate. On the other hand, Thomas' View of Female Sex has a positive core: he insisted in theory on a societas amicabilis and equivalence of male and female in the order of salvation. In attempting to reconcile Genesis with Aristotle’s physiology, he came to the conclusion, that original sin wa passed from Adam through the male line to the entire huamn race. Just as there ist no point in branding Thomas misogynist, there is no reason to go to the opposite extreme, to single out certain isolated phenomena as harbingers of feminist sympathies. Ahistorical interpretation is also to be avoided.

이 연구는 119 구급대원들이 현장에서 쉽게 적용가능하며, 실제 환자 상태를 적절히 반영할 수 있는 현장형 중증도 분류체계를 한국형 중증도 분류체계에 근거해 개발하고자 하였다. 문헌고찰을 통해 분석한 중증도 분류체계의 구성요소에 근거하여, 3인의 전문가 집단이 각 분류 단계들을 도출하고, 병원 단계 전문가 5인과 병원 전 단계 전문가 5인 총 10인으로 구성된 전문가 집단의 내용타당도 검증을 통해 각 분류 단계에 타당한 최종항목들을 선정하였다. 검증 결과 전문가 집단별(병원 단계, 병원 전 단계) 의견 차이가 있었으며, 도구 전체에 대한 S-CVI/AV는 성인에서 0.789, 소아에서 0.83이었다. 성인에서 27문항 중 8문항, 소아에서 20문항 중 4문항의 수정여부가 검토되었다. 이 연구는 구급대원들이 적용하기에 쉽고 간단한 도구일 뿐 아니라 한국형 중증도 분류체계와 연계된 국내 첫 현장형 중증도 분류체계라는 점에서 의미를 가진다.

This research aims to develop a prehospital triage system which can be easily adopted on fields by 119 emergency medical technicians reflecting the status of patients, based on KTAS (Korean Triage and Acuity Scale). Among the components of a prehospital triage system found in the literature, the final set of the components has been selected through the verification of contents validity by a group of 10 experts (5 at hospital stage and 5 at prehospital stage) for each of the classification steps produced by a three experts group. The results found that the hospital-stage experts have different views from the prehospital-stage experts and S-CVI/AVs for the tool are 0.789 for adults and 0.83 for pediatrics. It has been also checked whether or not 8 of 27 items for adults and 4 of 20 items for pediatrics have been modified. This research contributes to develop the very first prehospital triage system in line with KTAS, which can be easily adopted and utilized by emergency medical technicians in Korea.

The purpose to recognize change of average pixel value of acquisition image by control panel's density and right set up method of speed(sensitivity) and exposure dose(mAs) change that dose in purpose digital flatpanel- detector. X-ray generator DHF—158H2(Hitachi，Japan). Detector CXDI 40G(Canon, Japan), 12 : 1 grid and exposure ray 135 kVp, 250 mA, 10 ms. focus-detector distance 180 cm and used ABC mode. DICDM reflex analysis program used image J that is digital reflex analysis program that offer in United States America National Health Center(National Institutes of Health : NIH) phantom used chest phantom(Anthromorphic : Flukebrome.inedical USA). An experiment chest phantom that consist by formation equivalence material use because density value(-3~+3) in X-ray control panel and seep that is speed step(slow, medium, fast) each control experimentalize, image analysis reflex neted through an experiment using image j each image compare. These was change in dose according to slow, medium, fast and density's change in an experiment result. According to detector sensitivity and density condition set, dose was relationship dissimilarity 500% from 200%. The dose came highest when is density +3 to slow, and dose more increases gray scale’s extent could know that rise. Could know whether how equipment set is important through this experiment, cause of disease which change by digital radiography system forward is thought to increase more, it is considered that suitable education by this and continuous interest about equipment need absolutely.

본 연구는 영유아교사를 대상으로 정신화 기반의 정서 조절 능력을 평가하는 정신화된 정서성 단축형 척도(Brief-Mentalized Affectivity Scale; B-MAS)를 국내 타당화하였다. 일반 성인 중에서도 영유아교사의 정신화된 정서성은 교사 개인뿐만 아니라 영유아의 정서 조절, 정신화에 영향을 미친다는 점에서 살펴볼 의미가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 전국의 영유아교사 533명의 온라인 설문을 활용하였으며, 먼저 300명의 설문으로 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 문항의 공통성과 요인부하량이 낮은 1개의 문항이 제거되어 K-B-MAS는 11개 문항, 3개의 요인(정서 식별, 정서 처리, 정서 표현)으로 도출되었고, K-B-MAS의 내적 신뢰도는 양호하였다. 다음으로, 나머지 233명의 설문으로 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, K-B-MAS 최종모형의 모형 적합도는 양호한 수준으로 나타났다. K-B-MAS의 타당도 검증을 위해 성인 애착, 공감 능력, 자기자비와의 상관관계를 분석하여, 유의한 관련성을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 B-MAS를 국내 최초로 타당화하여 간편하고 활용도가 높은 도구를 소개함으로써 영유아교사의 정서 조절 능력을 측정할 수 있는 척도를 제시하였다는 점에서 그 의의를 지닌다.

This study validated the Brief-Mentalized Affectivity Scale (B-MAS) for use among early childhood education teachers in Korea. Mentalized affectivity is crucial for both teachers’ well-being and children's emotional regulation, making it an important area of research. An online survey was conducted with 533 homeroom teachers from kindergartens and daycare centers. After performing confirmatory factor analysis on 300 participants, one item with low factor loadings was removed, resulting in the Korean version of the Brief-Mentalized Affectivity Scale(K-B-MAS) which includes 11 items across three factors: Identifying emotions, Processing emotions, and Expressing emotions. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on 233 participants, confirming a good model fit. Construct validity was supported through significant correlations with adult attachment, empathy, and self-compassion. This study is the first to validate and apply the B-MAS in Korea, providing a simple and practical tool for assessing early childhood teachers' emotional regulation abilities.

Table strapis patient fixture for securing the patient movements and falls. if it designed to measure the abdominal circumference and used as an indicator of dose selection at CT scan. it will prevent the overexposure of dose without degradation of image quality and efficiently manage dose of each type of body to technician to deal with CT. First, in order to compare the dose used in CT image and qualitative characteristics. reference image is obtained by examining the abdominal phantom in same conditions with the hospital 120 kVp, 200 mAs, D-Dom (Dynamic Dose Of Modulation). SNR, PSNR, RMSE, MAE, CTDIvol of CT images are compared with reference image. for comparing with reference image, the image that Umbilicus level image of Abdomen CT is stored in the PACS were used. For comparison, the top 12 o'clock portion of the air drawn from the same ROI was measured. CTDIvol, mAs, etc. In order to analyze the characteristics of the image, by measuring the length of the umbilicus circumference, pattern of the dose was analyzed. by using the analyzed perimeter and dose information, To be identified visually, fixed band that scale marked were produced. Use them, If the length of circumference of less than 60 cm 100 mAs, Case of 61~80 cm 120 mAs, Case of 80~100 cm 150 mAs, more than 100 cm 200 mAs, dose selection based on the perimeter, the image was applied. by compare analyzed with the Reference Image, image quality was assessed. by compare with existing tests that equally 200 mAs applied, How much was confirmed that the dose reduction. 1. Depending on the Abdominal circumference, the average PSNR(dB) of the image that differently dose applied was 45.794. 2. Comparing with existing test. the dose of scan that adjusted the mAs depending on the circumference was decreased about 40%. SNR and PSNR of the image that obtained by adjusting the standard mAs based on dose modulation were not much different. Therefore, By choosing a low mAs. dose reduction can be obtained. and the dose selection method that measured Abdominal circumference using a fixed band can protect the overexposure and uniformly apply dose of each type of body to technician to deal with CT

다수공급자계약의 법적 성질을 비교법적으로 검토해보면 미국에서는 1단계에서 법적 구 속력이 있는 계약을 체결하고, 2단계에서 주문이 이루어지는 반면에, EU는 1단계에서 법적 구속력이 없는 협약을 체결되는지 여부에 관해서 견해의 대립이 있다. 우리나라는 이 점에 있어서는 일단 미국과 유사한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 다만 미국에서는 최소수량구입보장제를 두어 MAS 계약의 약인으로 작동하도록 하고 있으나, 우리나라에서는 이러한 제도를 두지 않고 있다는 차이점이 존재한다. 1단계에서의 경쟁활성화와 관련해서 우리나라에서는 미국과 같이 1단계 계약에 언제든지 새로운 업체들이 들어올 수 있도록 하는 제도는 채택하고 있지 않다. 그러나 다수공급자계 약의 기간을 1년으로 함으로써 미국(5년)이나 EU(4년)보다는 훨씬 경쟁을 활성화하고 있는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 2단계에서의 경쟁활성화와 관련해서 우리나라에서는 처음 다수공급자계약제도를 도입할 당시에는 2단계 경쟁제도를 두지 않았으나,최근 납품요구액이1억원을 초과하는 경우에는 2인 이상의 계약상대자를 대상으로 2단계 가격경쟁제도를 도입하였는데 이는 기본적으로 미국의 모델을 따른 것으로 볼 수 있다. 마지막으로 우리나라에서 1, 2단계 통틀어 권리구제가 아직 활성화되어 있다고 보기는 힘든 상황이다. 이 부분이 앞으로 우리나라 다수공급자계약의 발전에서 중요한 과제라고 할 수 있다. 1단계에서의 권리구제와 관련해서는 종합쇼핑몰 거래정지조치에 대해서 행정처분 성을 긍정함으로써 행정소송이 가능토록 할 필요가 있다. 2단계 경쟁에서 분쟁이 발생한 경 우에 대해서 지방계약 분쟁조정위원회의 심의대상이 되도록 함으로써 권리구제를 활성화할 필요가 있다.

Comparative Analysis of Multiple Award Schedule (MAS) shows following results. In US, MAS contract is evaluated as a contract which has legally binding effect. There are debates, meanwhile, whether Framework Agreement in EU has legally binding effect or not. In this respect, Korean MAS system is similar to that of US. US has minimum quantity purchase condition which leads to ‘consideration’ of MAS contract, Korea, meanwhile, does not have such condition. In strengthening competition in the first stage of MAS, Korea does not adopt such schedule system which is open to any enterprise at any time. The period of MAS contract(one year) is much shorter than US(five year) and EU(four year). In enhancing competition in the second stage of MAS, Korea did not adopt a second stage competition (or mini-competition) in the early years of MAS practice. Second stage competition was introduced recently relating to contracts above certain threshold. Recently introduced system is similar to US system. Remedies in the first and second stage of MAS are not yet well established in Korea. In the first stage, debarment in MAS shopping mall should be deemed as a administrative action which allows administrative lawsuit. Disputes in the second stage should be interpreted as having standing in remedies in Local Contract Dispute Resolution Board.

With the China's continuous urbanization process, there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the floating population from individual migration to family migration driven by the educational needs among migrant adolescents. In this context, this study was conducted to identify the effects of parent-child relationships, peer relationships, school climate, and ego-resilience on the migrant adolescents’ school adjustments. In specific, the study was aimed to investigate whether there was a mediating effect of ego-resilience on the relationship between the relationships with their parents and peers, school climate, and school adjustments among migrant adolescents. A survey was conducted targeting migrant adolescents in middle and high schools located in Shandong Province, China, and the data were collected from a total of 444 migrant adolescents. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0 programs. The study found that both parent-child relationships and school climate have a significant positive effects on the school adjustment of migrant adolescents, and ego-resilience plays a significant mediating role in the influence of parent-child relationships, peer relationships, school climate, and school adjustment among migrant adolescents. Based on these findings, the study proposes the implementation of some relationship improvement programs and counseling activities, along with the improvement of service delivery methods, in order to build a social support network and create social and cultural support for helping migrant adolescents. These programs will develop the strength to overcome their adversities and achieve better adaptation to their school life. Also, schools, community organizations, and governments all should develop systematic adaptation programs that focus on adolescence’s individual resources to help them improve their abilities and seek concrete ways to enhance their resources and capabilities.

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of hotel management trait on choosing innovative MAS. 233 data were collected and analysed. The model of this study was constructed by using environmental adaption and problem solving ability, hotel management ability, knowledge and ability related to hotel, creative ability, and self management ability as independent variables which would be expected to effect on choosing innovative MAS. The results of the analyses are all independent variables are statistically significant on effect of choosing innovative MAS. The most effective variable on the choosing innovative MAS is creative ability and followed by hotel management ability, knowledge and ability related to hotel, environmental adaption and problem solving ability, and self management ability.

This thesis examines the theme of child sacrifice in impoverished conditions in Kenya as portrayed in Uwem Akpan's short story, “An Ex-Mas Feast.” As a Nigerian novelist and Jesuit priest, Akpan's narrative centers around a family living in extreme poverty and explores the challenges faced by the urban poor in Kenya and their coping mechanisms. The thesis also elaborates on the author's narrative strategy, which combines the specific time and place of Christmas in Kenya to prevent a simplistic, abstract understanding of African poverty and to generate an undistorted ethical interest. The author's request is based on the recognition that the impact of everyday poverty in Kenya is more pressing than racism. By depicting how children are brutally affected by poverty and conflict, which adults cannot ignore, this story sheds light on the broader difficulties faced by African countries. In order to promote proper understanding and ethical interest, Akpan aims to prevent simplistic sympathy or misunderstanding towards Africa and dismantle types of institutionalized interpretations of the continent. This thesis emphasizes the importance of the message conveyed through Akpan's story, which places children at the center, and underscores how it aligns with the author's intention to do so.

The analysis of phenomena taking place when polymers interact with aggressive mediums has been made. Corresponding experimental research has been done and methods to direct changes of proceed material have been developed. The changes happen when the surface layer is processed preliminary to lower resistance to destruction of work piece surface layer when it interacts with cutting instrument later. The polymeric composites materials (PCM), having specific characteristic self lubrication, have got the name-the materials antifrictional selflubrication (MAS). In compositions MAS except matrixes-of the thermoreactive resins are included special fillers. The structure material in defines the characteristic received products. For the reason increasing working characteristic PCM necessary study of the influence of the thermodynamic conditions centrifugal litho on shaping the structure PCM. For study of the influence technological parameters is required corresponding to equipments.

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to identify influence that PNF method have an effect in function restoration of the impaired patients of central nervous system Methods : The data were collected by 15 adult stroke patients. The treatment was based on proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques. Tempora1 and spatial parameters of gait were analysed for using the computerized GAITRite system. Results : In the comparison of functional ambulation profile(F AP) before and after experiment, the FAP was significantly increased in the PNF method. The gait velocity, cadence and single support time asymmetry ratio was significantly increased in the PNF method. The Motor Assessment Scale was significantly increased in the PNF method. Conclusions : Based on these results, it is concluded that the forced PNF method for 6 weeks can be improve the temporal-spatial gait parameters including FAP in hemiplegic patients. Therefore, the forced PNF method is useful to improve the function restoration in hemiplegic patients. Further study should be done to analyze the effects of interγention duration of treatment, optimal time to apply the treatment in more long peried.