Earticle

Purpose: This descriptive study aimed to investigate heart rate variability (HRV) according to sex and to elucidate the influence of negative emotion such as levels of stress, anxiety and depression on HRV among Korean college students based on a neurovisceral integration model. Methods: A descriptive study design was used. Eighty-six healthy college students participated in the study. Resting HRV and standing HRV on orthostatic stimulation were measured for 5 minutes during 4-6 p.m. in the afternoon. Levels of stress, anxiety and depression were assessed using the Global assessment of recent stress, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Index, respectively. Results: Out of the 86 students, 47 (54.7%) were men and 39 (45.3%) were women. Root mean square of the differences between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD) and normalized high frequency (nHF) on standing HRV were significantly lower in men than in women (p=.005, p=.019, respectively). Male gender (β=0.30, p=.013), higher level of stress (β=-0.36, p=.009) and lower level of depression (β=0.30, p=.044) exerted a significant influence on decreased nHF in the multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: We suggest that men are more vulnerable to having reduced vagal activity on HRV than women. Since male gender, higher level of stress and lower level of depression level influenced decreased vagal activity, strategies are needed to improve stress and depression rather than anxiety especially for men, which contribute to promoting HRV to prevent cardiac health diseases.

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to develop a prediction model for pressure injury using a machine learning algorithm and to integrate it into clinical practice. Methods: This was a retrospective study of tertiary hospitals in Seoul, Korea. It analyzed patients in 12 departments where many pressure injuries occurred, including 8 general wards and 4 intensive care units from January 2018 to May 2022. In total, 182 variables were included in the model development. A pressure injury prediction model was developed using the gradient boosting algorithm, logistic regression, and decision tree methods, and it was compared to the Braden scale. Results: Among the 1,389,660 general ward cases, there were 451 cases of pressure injuries, and among 139,897 intensive care unit cases, there were 297 cases of pressure injuries. Among the tested prediction models, the gradient boosting algorithm showed the highest predictive performance. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the gradient boosting algorithm's pressure injury prediction model in the general ward and intensive care unit was 0.86 (95% confidence interval, 0.83~0.89) and 0.83 (95% confidence interval, 0.79~0.87), respectively. This model was integrated into the electronic health record system to show each patient's probability for pressure injury occurrence, and the risk factors calculated every hour. Conclusion: The prediction model developed using the gradient boosting algorithm exhibited higher performance than the Braden scale. A clinical decision support system that automatically assesses pressure injury risk allows nurses to focus on patients at high risk for pressure injuries without increasing their workload.

To evolve a management plan for rheumatoid arthritis, it is necessary to understand the patient's symptom experience and disablement process. This paper aims to introduce and critique two models as a conceptual foundation from which to construct a new model for arthritis care. A Disability Intervention Model for Older Adults with Arthritis includes three interrelated concepts of symptom experience, symptom management strategies, and symptom outcomes that correspond to the Theory of Symptom Management. These main concepts influence or are influenced by contextual factors that are situated within the domains of person, environment, and health/illness. It accepts the bidirectional, complex, dynamic interactions among all components within the model representing the comprehensive aspects of the disablement process and its interventions in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis. In spite of some limitations such as confusion or complexity within the model, the Disability Intervention Model for Older Adults with Arthritis has strengths in that it encompasses the majority of the concepts of the twomodels, attempts to compensate for the limitations of the two models, and aims to understand the impact of rheumatoid arthritis on a patient's physical, cognitive, and emotional health status, socioeconomic status, and well-being. Therefore, it can be utilized as a guiding theoretical framework for arthritis care and research to improve the functional status of older adults with rheumatoid arthritis.

코로나19를 겪으면서 미래에 발생할 수 있는 감염병 팬데믹은 국가의 국경관리에 큰 위협요인이 되었다. 감염병의 국내 유입을 차단할 수 있는 실효적 방법으로 엄격한 국경관리가 중요한 정책 사안이 되면서 우리나라도 국경관리의 중요한 과제로 대두된다. 국경 위험관리 측면에서 검역⋅출 입국관리⋅통관의 협업이 강조되고 있지만 조직 간의 통합이나 업무 공유에는 한계가 발생하고 있 다. 따라서 국경관리를 효율적으로 운영해야 할 시스템으로 정보공유의 구조를 설계하고자 한다. 업무협업적 국경관리 방안을 물리적인 통합보다는 정보사회에서 얻어지는 정보를 통합적으로 수집 하고 공유할 수 있는 모형으로 제시한다. 세부적으로, 정보의 가치를 체계적인 국경정보관리측면에 서 논의하고 상이한 업무를 담당하는 기관간의 공유할 수 있는 구체적인 시행 방안을 제시한다. 정보공유의 기능적 통합을 위하여는 국경기관간의 정보를 상호 유통할 수 있는 데이터 체계를 구축 하여 국경위험을 효율적으로 최대한 제거하고자 한다.

The pandemic of infectious diseases including COVID 19 are clearly a major threat to country border line management. As stricter border management has become an effective way to block the inflow of infectious diseases, the Korean government has also implemented an integrated borderline management system. However, the newly implemented border risk management is inefficiently operated through the cooperation of quarantine, immigration management and customs. Thus, we propose an improved cooperative border management plan by integrating not only on-site procedures but also the information sharing of border management strategies. We review a systematic border information management system by utilizing information that is used only by the information producers, and we suggest specific implementation measures to collect and share the information set. Our functional integration by utilizing information sets establishes a unified border management system that can be distributed among individual border agencies (thus overcoming information monopoly), efficiently preventing most of the possible border risks.

Dividend is one of essential factors determining the value of a firm. According to the valuation theory in finance, discounted cash flow (DCF) is the most popular and widely used method for the valuation of any asset. Since dividends play a key role in the pricing of a firm value by DCF, it is natural that the accurate prediction of future dividends should be most important work in the valuation. Although the dividend forecasting is of importance in the real world for the purpose of investment and financing decision, it is not easy for us to find good theoretical models which can predict future dividends accurately except Marsh and Merton (1987) model. Thus, if we can develop a better method than Marsh and Merton in the prediction of future dividends, it can contribute significantly to the enhancement of a firm value. Therefore, the most important goal of this study is to develop a better method than Marsh and Merton model by applying artificial intelligence techniques.

한국의 사회서비스 전달체계는 부처별 분절, 공급자 중심 운영, 반복적 신청 절차로 인해 복지 사각지대와 행정 비효율을 초래하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위한 사용자 중심 AI 통합 모델, 즉 초개인화 사회복지 플랫폼(Hyper-Personalized Social Welfare Platform, H-SWP)을 제안하는 데 있다. 본 연구는 공공서비스 설계, 서비스 주권, AI 기반 공공서비스 혁신 관련 선행연구를 검토하고, 한국과 해외의 디지털정부 및 통합서비스 사례를 비교 분석하여 한국형 사회서비스 전달체계 개편모형을 설계하였다. 분석 결과, H-SWP는 AI 기반 욕구 예측, 통합 서비스 매칭, 디지털 케어 조정, 피드백 기반 정책 개선의 네 모듈로 구성될 때 가장 높은 정책적 정합성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 선행연구와 공식 사례를 종합하면, 통합서비스 모델은 반복 신청 부담을 줄이고, 취약위험의 조기 식별과 연계 추적을 가능하게 하며, 사용자 중심 서비스 경험과 정책학습을 동시에 강화할 수 있는 잠재력을 가진다. 반면, 개인정보 보호, 부처 간 데이터 연계, 알고리즘 편향, 디지털 격차는 핵심 제약요인으로 확인되었다. 따라서 한국형 H-SWP의 실현을 위해서는 단계적 파일럿, 법·제도 정비, privacy-by-design 기반 데이터 거버넌스, human-in-the-loop 심사체계, 그리고 기술복지전문가 양성이 병행되어야 한다. 본 연구는 AI 기반 복지전달체계의 방향을 제시하는 설계지향형 논문으로서, 향후 실증 검증과 지역 단위 파일럿 연구를 위한 측정 가능 지표와 검증 프레임을 함께 제시한다.

South Korea’s social service delivery system remains fragmented across ministries and agencies, generating service gaps, duplicated administrative burdens, and a provider-centered experience for users. This study proposes the Hyper-Personalized Social Welfare Platform (H-SWP) as a user-centered AI integration model for restructuring the Korean social service delivery system. This evidence-informed, design-oriented study reviews the literature on public service design, service sovereignty, AI-enabled public sector innovation, and integrated service delivery, while also drawing on comparative digital-government cases to construct an implementation framework appropriate for Korea. The analysis suggests that the H-SWP becomes most coherent when structured around four interconnected modules: AI-based need prediction, integrated service matching, digital care coordination, and feedback-based policy refinement. Existing scholarship and official public-sector cases indicate that integrated and user-centered service models can reduce administrative burden, improve continuity of care, support proactive identification of risk, and strengthen policy learning through service data. At the same time, legal constraints on data sharing, privacy risks, algorithmic bias, and the digital divide remain significant implementation barriers. The study therefore argues that the practical adoption of H-SWP requires phased piloting, institutional reform, privacy-by-design data governance, human-in-the-loop decision review, and the cultivation of Tech-Welfare Specialists. As a design-oriented conceptual study, this paper contributes not only a platform model but also a measurable validation framework for future empirical testing and pilot-based policy experimentation.

본 연구는 직업 교육 분야에서 과학과 교육의 통합과 실용적 탐구에 대해 조사하였다. 이 연구 는 정보 기술의 등장이 교육 콘텐츠와 교육 방법론의 재조정을 촉진하는 데 있어서의 깊은 영향을 강조하며, 이 강력한 조합의 진화 궤적을 자세히 살펴본다. 우리가 21세기를 향해 나아감에 따라 인공 지능, 빅 데이터 및 클라우드 컴퓨팅과 같은 새로운 기술들은 직업 교육 환경에서 상당한 전 망을 드러내고 있다. 이 연구는 또한 직업 교육에서 이 과학-교육 융합의 운영적 표현에 대해 심층 적으로 탐구하며, 자원 할당, 기술 적용 및 정책 지원과 같은 측면에서의 잠재적 도전과 이에 대한 대응 전략을 명확하게 밝힌 것이다. 동시에 커리큘럼 설계, 교육 방법론, 교직원 교육 프로토콜, 전 문적 진보 및 기술의 효과적인 융합 및 활용과 같은 관련 고려 사항에 대한 분석을 제공한다. 전체 적으로 이 연구는 직업교육분야에서 과학과 교육의 융합이 가져올 수 있는 적극적인 변화와 그에 따른 도전을 명확히 제기하여 이를 통해 미래지향적인 교육환경을 조성하는데 기여하기를 바란다. 본 연구의 결과는 교육자, 정책 입안자 및 교육 기관의 미래 교육 전략 수립에 중요한 참고 자료가 될 것이다.

This study investigates the integration and practical exploration of science and education within vocational education, emphasizing the profound impact of information technology in facilitating the readjustment of educational content and methodologies. As we advance into the 21st century, new technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and cloud computing present significant prospects within the vocational education environment. The study delves into the operational performance of this science-education integration, identifying potential challenges and strategies in resource allocation, technological application, and policy support. It also provides an analysis of relevant considerations including curriculum design, educational methodologies, faculty training protocols, professional development, and the effective integration and utilization of technology. By outlining the positive changes and challenges that the fusion of science and education may bring to vocational education, this research aims to contribute to the creation of a future-oriented educational environment, serving as crucial reference material for educators, policymakers, and educational institutions in formulating future educational strategies.

본 연구는 신용보험계약의 핵심 운용 시스템인 일본형(개별거래 확정주의)과 유럽형(포트폴리오 통합주의) 모델을 비교 분석하고, 한국무역보험공사의 이원적 운영 모델이 직면한 구조적 한계를 극복하기 위한 디지털 전환(DX) 기반의 하이브리드 자동화 모델을 제안한다. 전통적인 일본형 모델은 리스크 관리의 정밀성을 제공하나 피보험자의 행정 부담과 통지 누락에 따른 면책 리스크를 내포하며, 유럽형 모델은 운영의 편의성을 극대화하는 반면 보험자의 미시적 리스크 관측 기능을 약화시키는 사각지대를 발생시킨다. 한국은 우수한 IT 인프라를 바탕으로 이러한 이원적 체계를 병행 운용해 왔으나, 여전히 수동적 데이터 입력에 의존하는 운영 리스크를 완전히 해소하지 못하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 API 기술과 공공 데이터(관세청 통관 정보) 연계를 골자로 하는 ‘실시간 통합 리스크 관리 모델’을 대안으로 제시한다. 이 모델은 보험 성립의 요건을 인간의 개별 신고에서 시스템 간 실시간 동기화로 전환함으로써, 유럽형의 ‘자동 부보’라는 법리적 안정성 위에 일본형의 ‘정밀한 리스크 해부’라는 기술적 가치를 결합한다. 이러한 기술적 통합은 보호무역주의와 글로벌 공급망 재편이라는 불확실성의 시대에 공적수출신용기관이 나아가야 할 차세대 리스크 관리 패러다임을 제시한다는 점에서 정책적·실무적 의의를 지닌다.

Purpose : The objective of this study is to analyze the structural limitations of the dual-track system in South Korea's Export Credit Insurance comprising the "Japanese model" (individual-based) and the "European model" (portfolio-based) and to propose a DX-based hybrid integration model to enhance risk management precision and operational efficiency. Research design, data, methodology : This research primarily employed a Literature Review and Case Study analysis, involving the collection of domestic and international academic papers, Supreme Court precedents, and official operating guidelines from Korea (K-SURE) and Japan (NEXI). Additionally, a system-design approach was used to review current API and Cloud Gateway technologies for proposing a next-generation automated attachment model. Results : Key findings regarding the dual-track export insurance system include: 1) The Japanese model ensures high underwriting precision but carries significant operational risks due to manual notification omissions by exporters, 2) The European model (SME Plus Insurance) offers high administrative convenience but creates a "visibility gap" where insurers cannot monitor micro-level risk concentration in real-time, 3) Current DX trends allow for the technical integration of these two disparate models, and 4) Challenges such as protecting corporate trade secrets and standardizing data protocols remain critical for system-wide adoption. Conclusions : To overcome these limitations, this study proposes three key policy and technical implications for K-SURE: 1) Shifting the insurance attachment mechanism from manual human reporting to real-time system synchronization using API-based DX technology, 2) Establishing a "Hybrid Automated Model" that links K-SURE’s system with corporate ERPs and Customs Service data to eliminate notification risks, and 3) Implementing a data-sovereignty-based dashboard and selective data filtering to protect exporters' trade secrets while maximizing risk-monitoring resolution.

Due to the widespread acceptance and edge-up of mobile banking services, Bangladesh’s financial services sector is making significant strides. Hence, this research aims to understand mobile banking adoption among the people of Bangladesh through the UTAUT model, which incorporates two mediating factors- personal innovativeness and perceived value. With a total of 358 responses, the study tested the model adopting Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in SmartPLS 4.0 to examine different determinants and mediators that affect mobile banking adoption. Our study illuminates that performance expectancy, personal innovativeness, and perceived value significantly affect users’ behavioral intentions. Interestingly, the users’ effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions do not influence their behavioral intention. Also, personal innovativeness mediates all determinants except users’ performance expectancy and behavioral intention. At the same time, perceived value is evidenced as a mediator between all factors except users’ effort expectancy and behavioral intention. Thus, the study’s conclusion will provide stakeholders with customized strategies and valuable insights, enabling the smooth integration of mobile banking services and improving user experience to survive and thrive in today’s quick-paced financial services sector.

Reflecting such a rapid growth of immigration, EU nations selected immigration as the most important issue of the EU in a public opinion survey. This issue is followed by the economic situation, unemployment, and the state of Member States’ finances. It is noteworthy that immigration is viewed more important than economic problems. All EU Member States put immigration and migrant integration high on the policy agenda and make efforts to facilitate the incorporation of immigrants and their children into a host society. Migrant integration is also an increasingly important issue in Northeast Asia. Japan, Korea, and Taiwan have experienced decrease in population and a weakening of growth engine, due to low fertility and aging society. Migrant integration and multiculturalism are two major perspectives of racial and ethnic relations between minority and majority groups in multicultural societies. I would like to suggest multicultural migrant integration as a coexistence model of multicultural society. Multicultural immigrant integration is defined as "a process in which immigrants become members of a host society while maintaining their own culture and identity, and develop a stable life, a sense of belonging and developing ties with the indigenous people". I propose a 'multicultural migrant integration index' as an index that measures this concept empirically. The multicultural migrant integration index combines the socio-psychological dimension such as a sense of belonging and solidarity (I call this "value integration") as well as material and institutional dimensions such as economic adjustment and access to educational opportunities (I call this "system integration"). This index provides a standardized basis for objectively measuring and comparing the degree of social integration among Korea’s multicultural minority groups.

이 연구는 Knezek, Christensen, Hancock 그리고 Shoho(2000)과 Rogers(2000) 외 컴퓨터 테크놀로지 적용의 장애요소 연구들을 토대로 교사, 학생 그리고 교육환경의 차원에서 학생들의 학업성취도에 영향을 미치는 컴퓨터 테크놀로지의 교실적용의 종합모형을 논의하였다. 이 모형은 Knezek(2000)연구를 통해 교사와 학생들의 컴퓨터 테크놀로지에 대한 의지, 기능, 그리고 활용시간 등의 세 가지 중심요소들을 학생들의 학업성취에 영향을 미치는 중요한 변인으로 삼았다. 또한 이 모형은 Rogers(2000) 등의 연구들을 통해 컴퓨터 테크놀로지의 교실적용에 장애요소들을 교사와 학생과 관련된 환경변인의 차원에서 종합적으로 고려하였다. 끝으로, 이 모형은 교사와 학생의 컴퓨터 테크놀로지 적용수준을 자기평가 방법을 통해 몇 가지 단계로 평가될 수 있으며, 이들 수준과 학업성취도와 관련성을 강조하였다.

Accountability for computer technology expenditures is a hot issue at the national educational level. Justification for this expenditures is being question by many people, as well as the effects of technology have a positive impact on student achievement. Despite the availability of technology, individual classroom teachers tend to avoid the use of computer-based technologies(Rogers, 2000). Knezek, Christensen, Hancock, and Shoho (2000) tried to find out if technology investment can contribute to student achievement using a model for integrating technology into the classroom. The model contains three indicators of teacher attributes in the areas of will, skill, and technology. Two teacher self-report measures of technology integration are used as outcome measures for the level of technology infusion into the classroom. The model was started from the hypothesis for technology integration to have a positive impact on student achievement. In the model Knezek, et al.(2000) focused on only the teacher without thinking of the relation of student and learning environment for technology integration into the classroom. According to Rogers(2000), Krysa(1998), Duttweiler(1983), and Maddux(1998), there are many barriers from external and internal sources to technology adoption. Then Knezek et al(2000) do not consider these obstacle's elements to integrate technology into the classroom. The purpose of this article is to examine a synthesized model for integrating technology into the classroom through previous research from Knezek et al.(2000) and Rogers(2000). The model started from the research of Knezek et al. (2000) has formulated a model with three key elements to be necessary components for effective integration of technology into the teaching/learning environment of the classroom. The model also is based on research studies on barriers to technology adoption(Rogers, 2000; Krysa, 1998; Duttweiler, 1983; Maddux, 1998). There are four characteristics in the new model. First, the model is presented along with considering that not only the teacher, but also the student and educational environment of a computer technology classroom can contribute to student achievement. Second, the model includes three basic elements of relation with integration of technology: teacher and student attitude(will), skills of technology competency, and access hours to technology. Third, the model can be a way to overcome the barriers of computer technology into the classroom. Finally, the model also showed the assessment possibility of stages of adoption of computer technology into the classroom. However, the model has to be warranted further testing in additional studies. One important aspect contentiously identified is the predictability of student achievement based on the level of technology integration. Other important aspects to be tested are the predictability of classroom technology integration based on teacher and student measures of will, skill, and access to technology. The other important aspect is how to measure five key elements of technology in the learning environment: social and political views, technical support, education, budget, and quality/quantity of hardware and software. The three components operating as equal integral parts will result in a better overall student achievement.

This study was conducted with the aim of increasing the applicability of the Disaster Resource Integrated Management Center, planned under the leadership of the central government, to ensure its efficient operation at the local government level in South Korea. The analysis confirmed that perceived ease of use significantly impacts perceived usefulness, supporting the theoretical framework of TAM. Moreover, both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness were found to influence behavioral intention to use the system. Notably, perceived ease of use emerged as a more crucial factor in determining behavioral intention than perceived usefulness. This suggests that the applicability of TAM may have limitations depending on the user group, policy-makers, or both. So, to effectively utilize the Disaster Resource Integrated Management Center, local governments should focus not only on the advantages and efficiency of the technology but also on improving the ease of use for public officials, who are the end users of the system. This is crucial for enhancing its operational success.

Our research aims to enhance the modeling of speech signals for more effective extraction of node features and analysis of relationships between nodes. To achieve this, we model speech signals as cyclic or linear graphs. Our model combines layers of Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) and Graph Attention Networks (GAT) to leverage their respective strengths in processing graph data. Specifically, we utilize GCN to aggregate information from neighboring nodes, which helps capture local relationships among nodes. Additionally, we employ GAT mechanisms to assign varying attention weights to different neighboring nodes, facilitating a better capture of complex global relationships between nodes. In our experiments, we validate our approach using the IEMOCAP dataset and demonstrate comparable performance to state-ofthe- art models in emotion recognition tasks. This research outcome provides new insights and methodologies for further exploration in the field of speech signal processing.

M&A (Merger and Acquisitions) is a standard corporate strategy frequently used by companies seeking to secure new growth engines and gain a solid foothold in their markets in order to become more globally competitive. To achieve the original goals of M&A, the two involved parties need to invest significant time and resources in integrating all aspects of the companies. A well-planned post- merger integration of information technology (IT PMI) by the two M&A parties is considered a crucial and difficult process because IT provides a fundamental infrastructure for integration. Considering various internal and external factors, the two parties normally formulate an IT PMI strategy. The many IT PMI strategies can be categorized into four major types: Renewal, Takeover, Standardization, and Synchronization. This study aims to develop a decision making model to help merger company and IT managers select the proper IT PMI strategy. More specifically, we identify key determinants that need to be considered when selecting a proper IT PMI strategy. The relative importance of each determinant is defined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) analysis. Finally, this study evaluates each IT integration strategy under the identified determinants.

본 연구에서는 대학 신입생들의 1학년 1학기 이후 중도탈락 이행여부에 영향을 미치는 초기 전념수준과 대학의 학문적․사회적 체계에 통합된 수준을 측정할 수 있는 척도를 개발하고, 관련 하위요인들을 Tinto의 ‘분리-전환-통합’ 모델에 입각하여 각 시점별로 대학생들의 적응수준 변화양상을 평가할 수 있도록 대학생활적응검사Ⅰ과 Ⅱ로 독립된 형태로 구성하였다. 이를 위하여 3단계의 연구를 수행하였으며, 연구 1에서는 대학생활적응검사Ⅰ의 구성 타당도와 공인 타당도를 검증하였으며, 연구 2에서는 대학생활적응검사 Ⅱ의 구성 타당도와 수렴 타당도를 검증하였다. 연구 3에서는 대학생활적응검사 Ⅰ과 Ⅱ를 통해 측정한 결과가 실제 1학년 1학기 이후의 중도탈락 여부를 예측하는지를 확인하였다. 일련의 연구를 통해 대학생활적응검사 Ⅰ·Ⅱ가 비교적 안정적인 구조를 지니는 척도임을 확인하였으며, 실제 중도탈락 행동을 예측하는데 어느 정도 긍정적인 기여를 하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 이러한 결과들의 의의 및 한계에 대하여 논의하였다.

This article undertaken with Korean college freshmen developed and validated Student Adjustment Test(SAT) Ⅰ·Ⅱ. Based on Tinto's theoretical model of 'separation-transition-integration stages'. each of two instruments was performed at different time period according to the suggested stages of adjustment, and these instruments were designed to assess the level of initial commitment to the university and the level of integration between a freshman and a university, which have been assumed to influence freshman's decision related to early departure after the first semester. Three studies were performed. The first study examined the construct and concurrent validity of SAT Ⅰ. The second study investigated the construct and convergent validity of SATⅡ. The last study was conducted to examine the predictive validity of SATⅠ·Ⅱ. The results through a series of studies suggested that SATⅠ·Ⅱ are validated instruments, and contributed to predict freshmen's early departure. Implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

공공기관의 기록관리 정착화를 위해 가장 우선시 되어야 할 점은 기관 내 기록관의 기능 및 역할 강화와 기록물관리 전문요원의 전문성 발휘를 위한 조직과 인력의 기반 조성이다. 그러나 현재 공공기록물법에서의 ‘기록관’ 개념과 여기에 근무하는 ‘기록물관리 전문요원 배치 기준’은 기관마다 주관적으로 해석할 여지가 많아 현장에 여러 가지 문제점이 나타나고 있다. 이러한 현안을 해결하기 위해 이제는 보다 구체적인 개선방안이 필요할 때이다. 본 연구에서는 교육청 환경을 중심으로 본청과 교육지원청 기록관 체계에서 나타나는 문제점을 분석하였다. 본청에 모든 권한이 집결된 조직구조 속에 실체 없는 교육지원청의 기록관, 기록물폐기사로 전락한 기록물관리 전문요원의 현실 등, 이러한 문제해결 방안으로 기록물관리 전문요원 배치기준 변경, 집중근무방식을 반영한 통합기록관 운영, 교육관련 기관을 위한 기록관리 특례법 제정을 제안하였다.

The foremost priority for establishing record management of public institutions is strengthening the function and role of the records centers in the institutions and creating the foundation of the organization and personnel for demonstrating professionalism of archivists. However, concept of current records center is not clear and there is no substance of the organization. It also says that once a records manager is deployed, a records center is founded since appointment criteria for archivists is prone to be interpreted subjectively by the institutions. Therefore, it’s time for more concrete improvements to resolve these issues. This research analyses some problems found in the system of records centers in the main office and district offices of education focusing on the environment of them. The problems are centers without substance in district offices of education because of the organization structure that all authority has been assembled in the main office, and the reality of records managers who have fallen into records discarders, etc. To solve these problems, this paper proposes changing the appointment criteria for archivists, operating an integrated records center reflecting the intensive working system, and legislating special act on record management of educational institutions.

본 연구는 최근 장애인 고용이 장기적인 경기 불황과 사회변화로 어려움에 봉착한 상황에서 커뮤니티 비즈니스를 활용한 지역사회 통합고용의 가능성을 찾고자 하였다. 이에 커뮤니티 비즈니스 등장 배경과 개념을 정리하고, 장애인 노동통합의 대안 가능성을 찾고자 하였다. 또한 커뮤니티 비즈니스 적용을 위한 단계와 다양한 모델과 사례를 분석함으로써 적용 가능한 사업을 찾고자 하였다. 1980년대 초반 영국에서 시작된 커뮤니티 비즈니스는 지역사회 문제를 비즈니스 방법으로 해결하는 것으로 지역 주민이 자발적 참여를 통해 이루어지는 경제활동을 말한다. 사회적 기업과는 목적과 지역·참여 주체에 있어 차이를 가지고 있으며, 장애인의 지역사회 노동통합과 지속적인 성장 가능성, 장애노인과 고학력 장애인의 고용촉진 대안으로 활용 할 수 있다. 앞으로 커뮤니티 비즈니스를 통해 장애인 노동통합을 이루기 위해서는 첫째, 시대적 변화와 지역사회에 관심을 갖고 이에 부응하는 새로운 패러다임 전환이 필요하다. 둘째, 지역사회에 기반을 둔 복지기관이 자원조사와 아이디어 발굴을 통한 참여가 필요하다. 셋째, 현행 장애인 직업재활과 관련된 법률 개정을 통해 장애인 고용과 관련한 다양한 지원 방안을 모색하고, 지자체 조례 제정을 통해 지원체계를 구축할 필요가 있다.

The aim of this study was to find way to achieve community-integrated employment, explore alternatives for work integration, and look for services associated with a community business available to person with disabilities. To accomplish it, this study implemented literature investigation on the theory of the community business model such as it's history and concepts. As the result, this research showed that there were some differences between the community business model and social enterprise model. Also, this identified that facilities or institutions were likely to use the community business model as alternatives to community cooperation for employment of person with disabilities, their continuous growth, and employment promotion especially for the elderly or highly educated people who have person with disabilities. Based on these results, this study suggested that the facilities for the clients needed to change a previous paradigm that was not able to keep up with the changes of the trends of the times and meet need of a community, and participate in survey on resources and idea in a community. Also, this suggested that vocational rehabilitation-related laws to the level of a country and a community should be established or revised to promote the employment for person with disabilities.