Earticle

The scan type magnetic camera is proposed to improve the limited spatial resolution due to the size of the packaged magnetic sensor. An image of the scan type magnetic camera, ${\partial}B/{\partial}x$ image, is useful for extracting the crack information of a specimen under a large inclined mag netic field distribution due to the poles of magnetizer. The ${\partial}B/{\partial}x$ images of the cracks of different shapes and sizes are calculated by using the improved dipole model proposed in this paper. The improved dipole model uses small divided dipole models, the rotation and relocation of each dipole model and the principle of superposition. Also for a low carbon steel specimen, the experimental results of nondestructive testing obtained by using multiple cracks are compared with the modeling results to verify the effectiveness of ${\partial}B/{\partial}x$ modeling. The improved dipole model can be used to simulate the LMF and ${\partial}B/{\partial}x$ image of a specimen with complex cracks, and to evaluate the cracks quantitatively using magnetic flux leakage testing.

Purpose: This study investigates the effects of beauty-related social networking service (SNS) use on consumer’s preferred hairstyle types (i.e., image management strategies). The objective is to provide useful baseline data for image-making, beauty industry marketing strategy development, and the application of SNS-based marketing approaches. Methods: The study included 298 males and females in their 20s–40s residing in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province (Korea) who had prior experience using SNS. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 25.0 with Chi-square tests, t-tests, one-way analyses of variance, correlation analyses, and multiple regressions. Results: Findings show that greater beauty-related SNS use is associated with stronger strategies related to tools, fashion, interpersonal orientation, and ostentation. Among hairstyle types, having a perm showed a significant positive effect on fashion (p<0.001) and ostentation (p<0.05). Conversely, bleaching had a significant negative effect on conformity (p<0.01). Conclusion: The study confirms a relationship between beauty-related SNS use, hairstyle preferences, and consumers’ pursuit of image-making. Understanding individual SNS usage patterns and hairstyle behaviors in relation to image management is expected to provide valuable insights for developing effective SNS marketing strategies in the beauty industry.

본 연구에서는, 덴탈 파노라마 영상의 선예도 향상을 위해 새로운 유형의 적응형 파노라마 기술을 제안했다. 제안하는 기법은 동심원 운동에 대한 FBP 방법을 사용하여 재구성하는 디지털 토모신테시스를 기반으로 한다. 해당 지오메트리에 서는 불완전한 샘플링으로 인한 재구성 후 흐려짐 현상을 억제하기 위해 적합한 필터를 사용하여 필터링 프로세스를 구현했다. 제안한 방법의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 체계적인 시뮬레이션 및 재구성 영상의 특성을 조사하였다. 우리의 결과는 사전에 정의된 관심 평면에서 선명한 영상을 획득할 수 있음을 나타냈다. 결과적으로 제안하는 알고리즘은 영상 의 선예도가 명확한 결과를 가져오며 이는 덴탈 재구성 영상의 판독성을 증가시켜 진단에 도움이 될 것으로 예상한다.

In this study, we proposed a new type adaptive panoramic technique for improving the image sharpness. This imaging method is based upon the digital tomosynthesis using a filtered-backprojection (FBP) method for an iso-centric circular motion. We implemented a filtering process using the apodizing filter to suppress the blurring artifact due to the incomplete sampling in this geometry. To verify the feasibility of the suggested technique, we have performed systematic simulation works and investigated the image characteristics. Our results indicate that predefined planes-of-interest can be well focused with definite image sharpness and that the position of image layer center can be adjusted precisely with proper amounts of shift in the reconstruction.

In 1482, during the Joseon dynasty (조선, 朝鮮, 1392-1910), volumes of books on the history of the previous Goryeo dynasty (고려, 高麗, 918-1392) were written and printed with metal type. The similarities and differences between these books on the Goryeo history (고려사, 高麗史), printed with metal type in the 15th century and the identical book printed using re-engraved woodblocks in the 16th century were compared. The printed pages had the same width in both the metal printed books and woodblock books, but differences in page height were observed: the original metal printed books from the 15th century had larger heights than the woodblock printed books from the 16th century. Using image comparison and analysis between various versions of works of Goryeo history, we investigated the correlations between the directional shrinkage of the wood as a potential root cause of the size difference in only one direction between the metal type and the re-engraved woodblock-printed versions. It was confirmed that the comparison of the size and directions of the printed areas is a very effective method of determining the printing method and the sequence of changes in very similar versions of old Korean books.

아트 인퓨전은 디자인을 통해 제품의 차별성을 부각시킬 수 있는 마케팅 전략 중 하나이다. 선행연구들은 아트 인퓨전이 제품 평가나 구매의도와 같은 소비자들의 반응에 긍정적인 영향을 준다고 주장하고 있으며, 최근의 연구들은 아트 인퓨전이 소비자들의 가격 정보 처리 방식에도 영향을 준다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 구체적으로 제품에 주입된 아트 이미지는 소비자들로 하여금 제품의 가격을 금전적 희생이 아닌 품질로 지각하게 한다는 것이다. 하지만 아트 인퓨전과 가격 정보 처리 방식 간의 관계에 대한 선행연구들의 관심은 여전히 부족한 실정이며, 다양한 변수들의 영향을 받을 수 있음에도 이에 대해서는 크게 고려하고 있지 않다. 본 연구는 제품(제품 유형), 소비자(물질주의 성향), 아트 이미지(럭셔리 수준) 요소를 중심으로 아트 인퓨전과 소비자들의 가격 정보 처리 방식의 관계를 살펴보았다. 실험 결과, 소비자들의 가격 정보 처리 방식에 대한 아트 인퓨전의 영향력은 제품이 탐색재일 경우와 소비자들의 물질주의 성향이 낮을 경우, 주입된 아트 이미지의 럭셔리 수준이 높을 경우에만 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 경우 제품에 주입된 아트 이미지는 제품의 가격을 금전적 희생이 아닌 품질로 인식하게 하였으며, 이로 인해 가격 수준이 높을수록 소비자들은 제품을 긍정적으로 평가하였다. 제품이 경험재일 경우와 소비자들의 물질주의 성향이 높을 경우, 아트 이미지의 럭셔리 수준이 낮을 경우에는 소비자들의 가격 정보 처리에 대한 아트 인퓨전의 효과가 발생하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 기업의 효과적인 아트 인퓨전 실행 전략과 가격 전략을 위한 시사점을 제시하였다.

Art infusion, which inserts art images into product design or package design, is one of the marketing strategies that emphasize the differentiation of products through design. Previous studies have suggested that art infusion has a positive effect on consumer responses such as product evaluations and purchase intentions, and recent studies have shown that art infusion also influences the way consumers process price information. Specifically, an art image infused into the product leads consumers to perceive the price of the product as quality rather than monetary sacrifice. However, there is still a lack of interest in research on the relationship between art infusion and price information processing. and it is not considered much, although it may be influenced by various variables. Also, although the relationship may be influenced by various variables, it is not considered. This study examines the relationship between art infusion and price information processing of consumers, focusing on the product (product type), consumer (materialism), and art image (luxury level) factors. The results show that the influence of art infusion on consumers' price information processing occurs only when the products are search goods, when the materialism tendency of consumers is low, or when the luxury level of the art image is high. In these cases, the art image infused into the product causes consumers to perceive the price of the product as quality rather than monetary sacrifice. As a result, consumers evaluate the product more positively as the price level increases. When the products are experience goods, when the materialism tendency of consumers is high, or when the luxury level of art image is low, the effect of art infusion on price information processing of consumers does not occur. Finally, based on the results of this study, we suggest implications for effective art infusion strategy and pricing strategy.

전자기록물은 그 특성상 휘발성과 불안정성이 높으며, 이를 장기간이용할 수 있도록 유지하는 것은 중요하다. 국가기록원은 이를 위해전자기록물 보존포맷 선정체계를 수립하였으나, 현재 보존포맷 선정체계는 문서 유형의 전자기록물만을 그 범위로 하고 있어 시청각기록물등 다른 유형의 기록물에 적용하기에 적합하지 않다. 본 논문은 이미지 유형 전자기록물을 중심으로 기존 체계의 적용 범위 확장과 이미지유형 전자기록물의 보존에 대한 기초적인 가이드라인 구축을 목적으로 한다. 국내에서 이미지 유형 전자기록물은 문서 유형 전자기록물다음으로 가장 많은 수량을 가진 유형이다. 이미지 유형은 시청각기록물의 가장 기본적인 형태로, 이에 대한 연구는 향후 다른 시청각기록물에 관한 논의의 기반을 마련한다. 이에 본 연구는 이미지 유형 전자기록물에 대한 보존포맷 선정체계를 구축하였다. 이를 통해 향후 새로운 이미지 포맷의 등장에도 해당 체계를 활용하여 보존포맷의 적합성을 신속하고 효율적으로 평가할 수 있다. 이를 검증하기 위해 연구에서 제안된 보존포맷 선정체계를 실제 이미지 포맷에 적용하여 평가를진행하였으며, 그 결과로 TIFF, JFIF, PNG 포맷이 보존포맷으로 선정되었다. 이러한 결과는 향후 포맷 평가의 실질적인 참고 자료로써 활용될 수 있다.

Electronic records, characterized by their inherent volatility and instability, necessitate sustainable preservation measures to ensure their long-term accessibility. The National Archives of Korea has instituted a selection system for preservation formats tailored predominantly for document-type electronic records. However, this system falls short in accommodating other record types such as audiovisual records. This study endeavors to broaden the applicability of the existing system, with a concentrated focus on image-type electronic records, and to formulate foundational guidelines for their long-term preservation. In South Korea, image-type electronic records rank as the second most prevalent category following document-type. The image-type electronic records are the most basic form of audio-visual records, and research on this lays the foundation for future discussions on other audio-visual records. Consequently, this research has led to the development of a selection system for preservation formats specifically for image-type electronic records. This system is designed to facilitate the prompt and efficient evaluation of preservation format suitability, even in the context of emerging image formats. The efficacy of this system was validated through its application to extant image formats, resulting in the selection of TIFF, JFIF, and PNG as the optimal preservation formats. The outcomes of this study offer valuable insights and practical reference points for future preservation format evaluations within the field of electronic record management.

본 연구는 이상적 체형의 모델 사용이 확산됨에 따라 이상적 체형의 모델이 소비자에게 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 일반적으로 자기신체이미지가 부정적인 개인에게 이상적 체형의 모델이 노출되면 자기위협이 발생하게 되고, 이러한 자기위협은 이상적 체형의 모델이 등장하는 광고에도 부정적인 반응을 유발한다. 이에 본 연구는 자기위협을 완화할 수 있는 광고방식을 모색하고자하였다. 실험은 2(자기신체이미지: 긍정적 vs. 부정적) × 2(모델체형: 이상적 vs. 현실적) × 2(모델제시유형: 실상 vs. 실루엣) 참가자 간 설계로 구성하였으며 자기위협과 광고태도에 미치는 영향을 확인하고 모델의 복부를 향한 시각적 주의를 측정하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 모델이 실상으로 제시될 경우, 자기신체이미지가 부정적일 때 자기위협을 더 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 자기신체이미지가 부정적이고, 모델의 이미지가 실상으로 제시되는 각각의 조건에서 광고태도가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 모델 복부를 향한 시각적 주의는 현실적 체형의 모델 복부를 향한 최초응시까지의 시간이 더 빠르고, 응시횟수가 더 많은 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 이상적 체형의 모델로 인해 유발될 수 있는 자기위협을 완화하기 위해 실루엣이라는 새로운 변인을 사용했다는 점, 자기신체이미지, 모델체형, 모델제시유형에 따라 시각적 주의를 측정하여 기존의 연구들과 동일한 결과를 도출했다는 점에서 이론적 함의가 있다. 또한 이상적 체형의 모델이 자기위협을 높이지만 광고태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 실증적으로 확인하여, 이상적 체형을 지닌 모델의 사용에 대한 이점을 제공한다는 점에서 실무적 함의를 가진다.

This study investigated the effect of the ideal model body on consumers as the spreading usage of the ideal model body. In general, self-threat occurs when an ideal body type of the model is exposed to an individual with a negative self-body image, and this self-threat causes a negative reaction to advertisements in which the ideal model appears. Therefore, this study attempted to find an advertising method that can alleviate self-threat. In a 2 (self body image: positive vs. negative) × 2 (model body type: ideal vs. realistic) x 2 (model presentation type: reality vs. silhouette) between-subject design, we tested the effects of these factors on self-threat and advertising attitudes, and measured visual attention to the model’s abdomen. The results of the study follow. First, when the model is presented in reality, it was found that when the self-body image is negative, self-threat increases. Second, it was found that the advertising attitude was higher under each negative self-body image condition, and in the condition in which the image of the model was presented as reality. Third, the visual attention to the model’s abdomen confirmed a faster entry time, more fixation count towards the target region. This study’s theoretical implication is that it used a new variable called silhouette to alleviate self-threat that can be caused by models of ideal body types, and measures visual attention according to self-body image, model body type, and model presentation type, which yield the same results as existing studies. In addition, it has practical implications in that it provides the advantage of using models of ideal body types by empirically confirming that models of ideal body types increase self-threat but have a positive effect on attitude toward advertising.

Purpose: This study examines the factors influencing the body image of Korean children with type-I diabetes. Methods: The data were collected from 65 children (ages 9-15) who attended a DM management camp in 2004. Nine items from Offer's Self-Image Questionnaire (OSIQ-revised), which was modified and standardized to the Korean population by Hong, Kim, and Shin, were used to measure the self body image. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed by using SPSS 13.0. Results: Although not statistically significant, children's self body image decreased as they became older. The body image and age were found to be significantly correlated. Conclusions: The results suggest the need for an effective intervention program to improve the self body image among children with type-I diabetes. In this regard, nursing intervention or educational programs may be beneficial for inducing positive self body image.

2001년 지상파 디지털방송 시작 이후, 디지털방송의 장점 중 하나인 다채널방송 서비스 도입에 대한 논의가 계속되던 중, 2013년 10월 정부기관, 방송사, 가전사가 참여하는 지상파 다채널 실험방송 추진반이 구성되어 2014년 1월부터 4월 사이에 지상파 다채널 실험방송이 실시되었다. 이 실험방송 결과를 바탕으로 EBS에서는 2015년 2월 11일 국내 최초로 2HD MMS 시험방송을 시작하였다. 본 연구는 압축 기술의 발전으로 기존 6MHz 대역에 2개의 HD 채널을 MPEG-2 코덱기반으로 운영하기 위하여 실시하였다. 1080i 와 720p 주사방식에 따른 변화 및 효율적 데이터 사용을 위한 가변 비트율(Variable Bit Rate) 적용 실험을 통하여 화질 최적화 연구를 실시하고 2HD MMS 시험방송에 적용하였다.

Since starting of terrestrial digital broadcasting in 2001, there has been discussion on introduction of multiple broadcasting services, one of advantages of digital broadcasting. In the mean time, task force on terrestrial multiple channel experimental broadcasting was formed with government organizations, broadcasting companies and household appliance companies in Oct. 2013, and terrestrial multiple channel experimental broadcasting was started between Jan. to April, 2014. Based on this experimental result, EBS started 2HD MMS experimental broadcasting first in Korea on Feb. 11, 2015. This study was carried out in consideration of operation of 2 HD channels in existing 6MHz bandwidth based on MPEG-2 codec with development of compression technology. A study on image quality optimization was carried out and applied to 2HD MMS experimental broadcasting through application experiment of variable bit rate and change according to 1080i and 720p scanning type.

This study classified makeup image types focusing on cosmetic advertisements that were introduced in domestic magazines for 2017, and analyzed a design element by makeup image type according to it. The analytical contents are as follows. First, ‘natural image makeup’ expresses clean image. ‘Elegant image makeup’ represents delicate and refined image. ‘Feminine image makeup’ expresses soft and womanly image. ‘Classic image makeup’ represents intellectual feeling of being not influenced by trend. ‘Retro image makeup’ expresses reactionary sexy image. Second, the eyebrow shapes in ‘natural image makeup’ were equally shown a standard form, an angular pattern, a horizontal form, and an angular shape. On the other hand, ‘elegant image makeup’, ‘classic image makeup’ had the mainstream as the standard form. ‘Retro image makeup’ was shown evenly the thick straight pattern and the angular shape, arch shape and was mainly used the brown color. The eyeshadow colors in ‘natural image makeup,’ ‘elegant image makeup’ and ‘classic image makeup’ had the mainstream as peach, brown and pink colors. The lips in ‘elegant image makeup,’ ‘feminine image makeup’ and ‘retro image makeup’ were primarily used the red series, thereby being able to be known the principal trend for the year in 2017. Third, ‘natural image makeup’ and ‘classic image makeup’ did not highlight any specific section. ‘Elegant image makeup,’ ‘feminine image makeup’ and ‘retro image makeup’ tend to give a point with red series to the lip makeup color. Fourth, ‘natural image makeup,’ ‘elegant image makeup,’ ‘feminine image makeup’ and ‘retro image makeup’ can be known to be stressed the eye line in a long shape using black and brown colors in order to express clear eye shapes. It could be known to have been shown a strong image in order of natural<classic<feminine<elegant<retro based on design elements in color, texture and shape according to 5 Makeup image types.

Most human behaviors are based on self-perceptual image. Subjectivity in professional nursing image is shown in their opinions, beliefs, values, and attitudes of professional nursing and it helps to understand individual's behavior. This study was initiated to find the characteristics and patterns in subjectivity of hospital nurses' professional nursing image. The Data were collected from Apr. 20 to Aug. 22, 1996. The research method employed Q-methodology which is based on self-psychology and abductive logics. Analysis of Q-type obtained by QUANL pc program. The characteristics of professional nursing image was analyzed based on the typal array, extreme comments, and the subject's demographic information. The results revealed that there are three different types on the professional nursing image. The three types were named as follows : The first type, the Improvable, consisting of 6 subjects, preferentially perceived nursing is human behavior as life process, coordinating with other health personnel for the patients as nurses' important role. On the other hand, they are taking a little dissatisfied view of professional nursing image, which can be estimated to advance for the construction of the professional nursing image. The second type, the Self-conflicted, consisting of 13 subjects, who have the subjectivity of the image by focusing on external and environmental factors rather than developing positive individual nurses' image for their profession. They have very conflic-ting and self-degrading traits. The third type, the Affirmative, consisting of 10 subjects, who appreciate the essence of nursing, and that they highly perceived nurse' positive attitude, devotion, mature interrelationship and self-developing efforts etc. In conclusion, this study discovers three types on the professional nursing image and their relationship. By identifying the nature of three types, this study suggests that the results should be useful reinforcement tool in educating nursing students as well as in continuing education for hospital nurses.

The aim of this research is to analyze design factors, techniques and trends of the magazine advertisement of the big 3 color make-up brands, "Mac", "Bobbi Brown" and "Make up For Ever". The conclusion is as follows. First, "Natural image make-up" is not emphatic and artificiali mage, but natural and clean images. On the other hand, "Romantici mage make-up" is cute, lovely and childish images. "Elegant image make-up" is luxurious, mature and ladyish refined image. "Retro image make-up" is classical and sensual images. Second, The appearance of eyebrows in "Natural image make-up" and "Eleganti mage make-up" are showed up evenly as a standard type, an angular type, a straight line type and brown color type."Romantic image make-up" and "Retro image make-up" eyebrows' types are showed up mainly straight line and bright brown type. The eye-shadow colors of "Natural image make-up" and "Romantic image make-up" are showed up mainly light brown and pink color. "Elegant image make-up" put points in lips as red line colors. "Retro image make-up" focuses on black line colors in eye make-up. Third, "Natural image make-up" and "Romantic image make-up" are remarkable as not emphasize on any special parts. On the other hand,"Elegant image make-up" has trends of vivid and tidy feelings ecumenically in eye-brows, eye-shadows, eye-lines and blusher, and emphasize on lips make-up colors. Forth, "Natural image make-up" and "Romantic image make-up" use limited colors and techniques. On the other hand, "Elegant image make-up" and "Romantic image make-up" use not only diverse colors and daring eye make-up patterns, but also distinctive techniques. Four image make-up are showed up strong images as Natural< Romantic < Elegant < Retro, on the design factors basis of color, texture and shape.

The aim of this research is to analyze design factors for each make-up image type appearing the fashion shows from 2010 F/W to 2012 S/S. The scope of this research was for the four major collections in Paris, London, Milano, and New York 2010 F/W ～ 2012 S/S, and this research made use of fashion-related documents, the previous studies on fashion show make-up, specialized books on makeup, and the Internet site materials as research materials to carry out such research. First, natural make-up made us feel a natural and childish image. While the appearance of eyebrows showed up as a standard type, an angular type, a straight line type and an arch type, the color of eyebrows was mainly brown-type. With cheek or light colors, eyes were expressed as being subdued, and the expression of skin was done with Shimmer expressions, which makes us feel a sense of pearl. Generally, the expression of lips stood out with the soft Shimmer texture of pink color. Second, decadent makeup made us feel decadent, ugly, and inhumane images, or experimental makeup with strong personality vividly showed up. The appearance of eyebrows appeared variously, and their color was either dark brown or black or concealed eyebrows. Eye make-up was mainly hard smoky make-up, the expression of skin texture also appeared variously, and the expression of lips made us feel a sense of pearl with creamy texture and nude or red dark color. Only eyes were emphasized or both eyes and lips were stressed. Third, retro make-up made us feel a retro or sensual image as if it was a Hollywood actress, and the vivid color of the 1960s made us feel a sense of vivacity. The appearance of eyes was chiefly an angular type, the color of eyebrows was extremely various, and eye makeup was stressed with vivid colors tinged with pop art or was produced to make us feel a sense of optical illusion of op art. For lips, a variety of make-up which stressed eyes or lips or both of them appeared by making points with vivid colors.

본 연구는 초등학생들의 내러티브를 바탕으로 공공도서관 이용 경험을 탐구하고, 공공도서관에 대해 갖고 있는 이미지 등 이면의 의미를 해석해 아동 대상의 적정 서비스 방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 연구에는 경기도 A시의 A초등학교에 재학 중인 5학년 및 6학년 학생 20명(학년별 각 10명)이 참여했으며, 내러티브 탐구 과정은 Clandinin과 Connelly의 절차를 따랐다. 또한 결과의 분석 및 해석은 Strauss와 Corbin이 제시한 근거이론의 개방형 코딩 절차를 적용하여 의미 단위를 세분화하고 개념화한 후, 이를 분류하여 범주와 주제를 도출하였다. 그 결과 초등학생들은 공공도서관에 대해 감정적, 기능적, 건축적 측면에서의 인상을 갖고 있었으며, 정서 경험과 생활 기능, 사회관계 중심적으로 인식하고 있었다. 종합적으로 공공도서관 이미지는 240개의 개념, 59개의 범주, 33개의 주제가 도출되었다.

This study explored elementary school students' experiences of using public libraries based on their narratives. It also aimed to interpret the underlying meanings of their images of public libraries and suggest appropriate service strategies for children. Twenty fifth and sixth grade students (10 per grade) from A Elementary School in City A, Gyeonggi Province, participated in the study. The narrative inquiry process followed the procedures of Clandinin & Connelly. The analysis and interpretation of the results were conducted using the open coding procedure of grounded theory proposed by Strauss & Corbin. This process subdivided and conceptualized meaning units, categorizing them into categories and themes. The results revealed that elementary school students' impressions of public libraries encompassed emotional, functional, and architectural dimensions, with a focus on emotional experiences, life functions, and social relationships. Overall, the public library image was defined by 240 concepts, 59 categories, and 33 themes.

본 연구는 이미지 생성 AI 환경에서 패션 이미지 표현 유형별 구현성과 동일 디자인 주제의 일관성을 함께 확보하는 프롬프트 구조를 설계하고 검증하고자 한다. 패션 이미지를 패션 디자인의 특성과 담고자 하는 의미를 구체적으로 전달하는 시각 정보로 보고, 활용 목적과 표현 방식에 따라 구조, 맥락, 감성, 세부 이미지 유형으로 구분하였다. 연구는 이론 고찰, 패션 이미지 유형별 프롬프트 설계, 생성 이미지 평가로 진행되었다. 프롬프트는 주제와 디자인 정체성을 서술하는 고정층과 이미지 유형에 따라 구체적 표현 방식을 지시하는 표현층의 이중 구조로 설계하였다. 고정층은 Theme/Concept, Target/Season, Garment Type, Silhouette & Detail Keywords, Color Palette, Material/Fabric을 포함하고, 표현층은 Image Intent, Context, Visual Control, Output Purpose 등의 모듈을 유형별로 달리 적용하였다. 이를 바탕으로 2개의 주제를 설정하여 미드저니로 이미지를 생성하고, 전문가 평가를 통해 유형별 이미지 구현 충실도와 유형 간 주제 일관성을 검토하였다. 분석 결과, 전체 유형 분류 정확도는 96.5%, 평가자 간 합의도인 Fleiss’ Kappa는 0.92로 나타나 네 가지 프롬프트 유형별 표현 차이가 비교적 명확하게 나타나는 경향을 보여주었다. 정분류 이미지를 대상으로 5점 리커트 척도로 평가한 유형별 프롬프트-이미지 구현 충실도 평균은 4.17이며, 각 유형의 표현 특성이 비교적 충실하게 반영되는 경향을 보였다. 동일한 주제 공유는 4.08, 디자인 일관성은 4.52로 나타나, 서로 다른 이미지 유형 간에도 동일한 패션 디자인 주제와 디자인 일관성이 안정적으로 유지됨을 보여주었다. 본 연구에서 제안한 프롬프트 구조는 패션 이미지 생성에서 이미지 구현 충실도와 디자인 일관성을 함께 유지하는 구조적 특성을 가짐을 확인할 수 있다.

This study aims to design and validate a prompt structure that ensures both type-specific realization of fashion image expression and consistency within a single design theme in an image-generation AI environment. In this study, fashion images are defined as visual information that concretely conveys the characteristics and intended meaning of a fashion design, and are classified into four expression types-Structural, Contextual, Emotional, and Detail-according to their purpose and mode of expression. The research was conducted in three stages: theoretical review, prompt design based on fashion image types, and evaluation of generated images. The prompt structure was designed as a dual-layered framework consisting of an Identity Layer (IL), which fixes the design theme and identity, and a Representation Layer (RL), which modulates visual expression according to image type. The Identity Layer included Theme/Concept, Target/Season, Garment Type, Silhouette & Detail Keywords, Color Palette, and Material/Fabric, while the Representation Layer applied modules such as Image Intent, Context, Visual Control, and Output Purpose differently depending on image type. Based on this structure, two design themes were established, and fashion images were generated using Midjourney. Expert evaluation was conducted to examine type-specific prompt-image alignment and design consistency. The classification accuracy was 96.5%, and inter-rater agreement measured by Fleiss' Kappa was 0.92, suggesting that the representational differences among the four prompt types were relatively distinguishable. For correctly classified images evaluated on a five-point Likert scale, the mean prompt-image alignment score was 4.17, indicating that the intended expression characteristics of each type were relatively well reflected. Shared-theme expression scored 4.08, while design consistency scored 4.52, showing that the same fashion design theme and consistency were stably maintained across different image types. These findings suggest that the proposed prompt structure possesses structural characteristics that enable it to maintain both image realization fidelity and design consistency in AI-based fashion image generation.

비극영웅은 비극의식을 가지고 거대하면서도 강력한 현실의 곤경을 해소하 기 위해, 비극정신에 근거한 치열한 분투정신을 가지고 자신을 헌신하는 과정에 서 결국 비극적 종말을 맞이하는 영웅을 가리킨다. 중국신화의 비극영웅은 예 (羿)와 곤(鯀)을 대표로 하는 선공후사, 치우(蚩尤)와 형천(刑天)을 대표로 하는 저항불굴, 과보(夸父)와 정위(精衛)를 대표로 하는 생명승화 등의 세 유형으로 분류할 수 있다. 이들 중국신화의 비극영웅들은 도전과 저항의 정신을 가지고 분투하다가 모두 훼멸되었다는 공통적 특징을 가지고 있다. 반항과 도전, 그리고 불굴의 태도는 영웅의 영웅성을 결정하는 중요한 요소이자 고귀하고 존엄한 인류정신으로, 그것이 표출하는 아름다움은 바로 숭고미와 비장미이다.

There are three different kinds of tragic heroes in Chinese mythology. The first is the one who saves the ordinary people from the disaster and receives the prize afterwards. This type of hero solves all the problems and chooses to perish. Yì and Gun are the examples. The second kind is the protesting character that never yields. This kind represents the hard fighting, which rebels but oftentimes fails to win the tribal battle. Chīyóu and Xingtian are the examples of those kinds. The last kind is optimistic figure who fights against the gigantic nature in spite of its incomplete power. This type usually fails or ends up being murdered cruelly, but transfers into the new form of life. Kuafu and Jingwei are the examples. Heroes become the object of worship because they are destined to have tragic ends. Their rebellious and indomitable attitudes proclaim the genuine and noble humanity, which takes the core of tragic beauty. For such reasons, we feel the sadness but grace from the heroic decease after the challenge and rebel.

中国神話における悲劇英雄は大きく三つ分けられる。一つ目は、先公後私の悲劇英 雄として人民の災難を救済する英雄である。これらは公共利益の立場から全ての問題 を処理し、自身の毀滅に帰結する。代表的な英雄が羿と鯀である。二つ目は、不朽抗 争の英雄として、天帝に対する反抗神であり、部族戦争の失敗者でありながら、奮闘 精神の化身である。蚩尤と刑天がその代表的な例である。三つ目は、楽天楽観の悲劇 英雄として自身の微力な力をもって巨大な自然力との戦いを行う。たとえ、失敗して 残酷に殺されても、また新しい命に転化される。夸父と精衛がそれである。 英雄が英雄として崇拝される理由はまさに英雄の運命、言わば、悲劇的な終末が備 えられているからである。そのような悲劇英雄が表す反抗と不朽の態度は高貴な人類 精神を表しており、それが間違いなく悲劇美の核心とかなめである。従って、中国神 話における悲劇英雄らの挑戦と反抗による毀滅の終末から崇高美と悲劇美を感じるの である。

실험실에서 발생하는 화재 사고는 인명과 재산 피해 위험이 커 신속한 탐지와 체계적인 대응이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 실험실에서 발생할 수 있는 다양한 화재 상황에 효율적으로 대처하기 위하여 4종류(일반, 유류, 전기, 금속) 화재 시나리오를 포함하는 이미지 데이터 셋을 구축하고, 객체 검출(YOLOv5) 기반 화재 특징 추출과 트리 기반 의사결정(Random Forest) 모형을 결합한 이미지 기반 실험실 화재 유형 분류 모델을 제시하고 평가한다.

류코쿠 대학 소장 󰡔당백가시󰡕를 중심으로 3D 디지털 현미경으로 인쇄된 종이 표면에 남아있는 금속활자의 미세표면을 관찰하여 굴곡구조와 표면 거칠기를 정량화하는 측정 방법을 소개하고자 한다. 인쇄된 종이 표면을 기준으로 활자 표면의 굴곡 현상을 선으로 측정하고 활자의 미세표면은 면으로 측정하여 수치화하여 인쇄된 종이 표면의 특성을 제시하였다. 3D 디지털 현미경 측정 방법은 비접촉, 비파괴 방법으로 많은 자료 분석과 반사광에 의한 직접 관찰이가능하다. 그리고 클리닝이나 배접 그리고 주름을 펴기 위하여 강한 힘으로 압력을 주는 과정에서 고문서에 함유된 정보가 손실될 수 있으므로 사전 조사 방법으로 종이 표면에 남아있는 인쇄 정보를 수집하는데 유용한 방법이라고 할 수 있다.

The ancient paper document we chose as a case study for our research is 󰡔One Hundred Poets of the Tang Dynasty󰡕, which is housed in the Ryukoku University Library. The purpose of this research is to introduce a method to analyze the surface roughness and microstructure at a high resolution. In addition, we attempt to quantitatively measurethe surface unevenness of the types and curve structure. We used a tridimensional digital microscopy as a non-contact and a non-destructive method to study ancient cultural paper. The information contained in the paper may be lost in the process of applying strong pressure to clean and lining or press. However, this microscopic measurement method can non-destructively analyze a large amount of data in old printed books. Moreover, it enables observing them directly with reflected light. Therefore, this method may be useful for collecting printed information remaining on the surface of the paper.