Earticle

전해환원수와 증류수를 용매로 사용하여 사문석 분말의 용해반응을 조사하였다. 규산염 광물의 일종인 사문석 성분원소의 용출 특성을 비교함으로서 전해환원수의 활성에 대한 평가를 하였다. 전해환원수와 증류수를 용매로 사용한 용액의 전도도 변화, pH 변화 등을 이용하여 평가하여 전해환원수를 사용한 용액에서 높은 전도도를 확인하였고 pH 변화가 안정한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 각 용액에 용출된 사문서의 성분을 분석한 결과 전해환원수에서 용해도가 높게 나타나는 것으로 조사되었다. 사문석 성분의 용출반응은 표면에서만 일어나고 결정의 변화와 화학결합의 변화는 일어나지 않은 안정한 상태를 유지하는 것으로 확인되었다.

Electrolyzed reductive water is an alkaline solvent than piped water, natural water etc. but its solvent properties has not been studied in detail. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dissolution property of serpentine in electrolyzed reductive water(ERW) and distillated water(DW) as a solvent. Higher dissolution quantity and rapid dissolution rate were shown in ERW solvent than DW. The crystallographic structure and chemical bondings of serpentine were not changed after dissolution. It could be explained that the dissolution reaction occurred from the serpentine surface in an aqueous solvent and the dissolution property was superior in ERW solvent.

Omeprazole is usually administered as encapsulated enteric-coated granules and enteric-coated tablets because of its acid-labile nature. For children and patients who can not swallow, it can be mixed with water or other liquid after a capsule is opened or a tablet is crushed. This study was performed to compare omeprazole liquid formulations of tablet and capsule Omeprazole 20 mg capsule containing enteric coated granules was opened and 20 mg entric-coated tablet was ground to be mixed with sodium bicarbonate solution, orange juice or water. Each liquid formulation was poured into dissolution tester, mixed with first solution (artificial gastric juice; pH 1.2) for two hours, then with second solution (artifical enteric juice; pH 6.8) for thirty minutes. pH was measured periodically for two and half hours. Samples were drawn periodically, mixed with lansoprazole as an internal standard, and injected to HPLC. As results, pH of sodium bicarbonate solution of omeprazole was significantly higher than that of orange juice or water in first solution (6.2-7.4 vs. 1.2, p<0.005). At 150 min, concentrations of omeprazole in three diluents with granules and in sodium bicarbonate solution of tablet powder sustained significantly higher than in other solution of tablet powder (p<0.001). In conclusion, enteric-coated granules from capsule with three diluents and powder from tablet in sodium bicarbonate solution was stable during dissolution test, which would be appropriate and recommended for patient who can not swallow solid preparations.

This is a study of the experience that adolescents who faced adoption dissolution had. Theoretically, this study tried to look into the essential structure of their experience after adoption dissolution, and practically, it tried to establish the evidentiary material for welfare practice intervention to help them out in terms of psychological, mental and social recovery. To do that, this researcher conducted in-depth interview with three participants, which was analyzed by phenomenological methodology of Van-Manen(1990). The analysis result is presented as follows:Participants have lived with a great deal of psychological pain after adoption dissolution, but tried to find a new possible opportunity. According to the data analysis, there were such feelings as a sense of hunger for family, a sense like a bolt out of the blue sky, a pain like a cutting blood vein, a hunger for family, a sense like being locked in a dark and damp valley, a sense of working out the equation of life, and a sense of flapping ceaselessly to fly high in life.

본 논문은 마크 로마넥의 <네버 렛 미 고>(2010)와 고레에다 히로카즈의 <공기인형>(2009) 을 대상으로 하여, 선행연구에서 간과하고 있는 ‘클론’과 ‘인형’이 주체를 욕망해가는 과정을 통해서 미디어가 SF라는 장르를 빌어서 전하고자 한 메시지가 무엇인지 고찰한다. 두 영화는 인간의 감정을 가지게 된 존재인 클론의 정체성에 대한 질문과 마음을 가져버린 인형이 바라 보는 인간사의 외로움에 집중한다는 점에서 접근 방식의 차이는 있다. 그러나 원작이 있다는 점, 인간의 마음이나 영혼과 연결되어 인간 존재방식에 대한 궁극의 천착과 관련이 있다는 점, 포스트휴먼을 다루지만 미래사회나 기계화된 문명을 제시하지 않는다는 점, 포스트휴먼류이지 만 지극히 인간적이라는 점, 디스토피아 문제를 반추해볼 소재라는 점, SF영화로 분류되기도 하고 성장영화의 얼개를 가지고는 있지만 흥미진진한 속도감도 영웅도 없다는 점 등을 공통분 모로 들 수 있다. 이들이 묘사하는 ‘아류인간’의 당면한 문제가 인종차별, 성차별, 문화적 정체 성, 소수자 문화 등에 대한 메타포임을 확인하고 그 분석과 비판을 종의 해체, 연의 해체, 낯 선 결측치로 고찰한다. 주체를 가지게 된 포스트휴먼으로 인해 우리는 진정한 인간의 모습에 대한 회의와, 예술과 휴머니티에 대한 궁극의 천착과 타인(異種)을 이해하기위한 수용범위에 대하여 고민해 볼 수 있다.

This thesis examines what message media is trying to convey through the genre of science fiction through the process of ‘clones' and 'dolls' lust for the subject which is overlooked in previous studies focusing on Kazuo Ishiguro's "Don't Let Me Go" (2005) and Koreida Hirokazu's "Air Doll" (2009). The two films have common characteristics although they differ in their approaches; one raises a question about the identity of the clone and the other focuses on the loneliness of human affairs seen by a doll with a heart. They also have common things: that they are based on original works and are related to Japan, that they deal with posthumans but do not present a future society or a mechanized civilization, that they are extremely humane although they belong to posthuman type, that they deal with the subject to reflect on the problem of dystopia, and that they are classified as sci-fi movies and have frameworks of growth novels without exciting sense of speed and heroes. We confirmed that the immediate problems of the “pseudo-human” they describe are a metaphor for racism, gender discrimination, cultural identity, and minority culture and examined the analysis and criticism through the dissolution of relationship, dissolution of species and unfamiliar missing values. Because of the posthuman who came to have subject, we were able to contemplate the skepticism of the true human form, the ultimate indulgence in art and humanity, and the scope of acceptance to understand others.

本論文はマーク·ロマネクの<ネバレット·ミーゴ>(2010)と是枝裕和の<空気人形>(2009)を対象とし て、先行研究で見過ごしている「クローン」と「人形」が主体を欲望していく過程を通じて、メディ アがSFというジャンルを借りて伝えようとしたメッセージは何なのかについて考察する。 両映画は、人間の感情を持つようになった存在であるクローンのアイデンティティに関する質問 と、心を持ってしまった人形が見つめる人事の孤独に集中するという点で、アプローチの違いはあ る。 しかし原作のあるという点、人間の心や魂とつながって人間存在方式に対する究極の天着と関連 のあるという点、ポストヒューマンを扱うが、未来社会や機械化された文明を提示しないという点、ポ ストヒューマン類であるが、極めて人間的であるという点、ディストピア問題を反芻してみる素材である という点、SF映画に分類され、成長映画の仕組みを持ってはいるものの興味深いスピード感も英雄も ないという点などを共通項として挙げることができる。 彼らの描く「亜流人間」の当面の問題が人種差別、性差別、文化的アイデンティティ、少数者 文化などに対するメタファーであることを確認し、その分析と批判を種の解体、縁の解体、不気味な 欠測値と考察する。 主体を持つようになったポストヒューマンのため、私たちは真の人間の姿に対する懐疑と、芸術と ヒューマニティに対する究極の穿着と他人を理解するための受容範囲について考えることができる。

국회의원은 국민의 대표기관으로 입법기관인 국회의 구성원이기도 하다. 국회의원은 정당의 당원으로 정치적 이념에 따라 정당 소속으로 활동하기도 한다. 우리나라에서는 비례대표제를 채택하여 지역구 국회의원과 더불어 비례대표 국회의원을 선출하고 있다. 비례대표 국회의원은 정당의 공천을 받아 정당별 고정명부식 선거제도를 통하여 당선자를 결정하고 있다. 2020년 1월 공직선거법을 개정하여 일명 ‘준연동형’ 비례대표제를 채택하였는데, 이에 따라 2020년 4월 총선거를 대비하여 위성정당이 생겨났다. 정당들이 위성정당을 만들어서 기존의 당원인 국회의원들을 위성정당으로 보내서 국회 의석이 있는 정당을 만들었다. 위성정당을 만들면서 지역구 국회의원은 기존 정당을 탈당하여 새로운 정당으로 당적을 옮기는 것이 가능하나, 비례대표 국회의원은 공직선거법 제192조 제4항으로 인하여 소속 정당으로부터 탈당을 하여 위성정당으로 당적을 변경하는 것이 불가능하므로 기존 정당으로부터 제명을 당하고 새로운 정당으로 당적을 변경하고 있다. 그러나 비례대표 국회의원이 소속 정당으로부터 제명을 당하면 무소속 국회의원으로 남는 것이 되고 새로운 정당에 가입하는 것은 입당이 된다고 보아야 한다. 공직선거법 제192조 제4항은 비례대표 국회의원이 합당이나 해산 또는 제명 이외의 사유로 당적을 이탈ㆍ변경하는 경우에는 국회의원직을 퇴직하도록 되어 있으므로 새로운 정당에 입당하는 것도 당적이 변경되는 것이라 할 수 있다. 그렇다면 비례대표 국회의원을 제명하여 다른 정당에 보내는 경우, 제명을 당한 비례대표 국회의원은 무소속 국회의원이 되는 것이다. 그러나 비례대표 국회의원이 다른 정당에 당원이 되는 것은 입당에 해당하는 것이고 입당은 공직선거법 제192조 제4항에서 규정하고 있는 합당이나 해산 또는 제명에 해당하지 않으므로 국회의원직을 퇴직하여야 한다고 보아야 할 것이다. 공직선거법 제192조 제4항이 위헌인지 여부라든가 타당한지 여부는 별론으로 한다면 정당들이 일명 셀프제명을 통하여 비례대표 국회의원을 다른 정당으로 보내는 것은 정당제도의 취지에도 부합하지 않을뿐더러 공직선거법 제192조 제4항에 의하더라도 허용되지 않는다고 보아야 할 것이다.

Les députés sont le membre d’organe législatif et le représentant du peuple. Les parlementaires sont membres d'un parti politique et peuvent travailler pour un parti politique sur la base de principes politiques. La Corée du Sud a adopté un système de représentation proportionnelle pour sélectionner les membres du parlement ainsi que les Membres élus de l'Assemblée nationale des circonscriptions locales Les partis politiques ont créé des partis satellites et envoyé des parlementaires dans des partis satellites pour créer des partis avec des sièges parlementaires. Les Membres élus de l'Assemblée nationale des circonscriptions locales peuvent quitter le parti politique et transférer leur adhésion à un nouveau parti tout en créant un parti satellite, mais les membres proportionnels du Parlement ne peuvent pas quitter le parti polirique à cause de l'article 192, paragraphe 4, de la loi sur les élections aux fonctions publiques. Si les membres proportionnels du Parlement font la sécessin au parti politique, ils doivent relever de ses fonctions. Pour le changement d’adhésion à un parti politique de représentants proportionnelles membre de l'Assemblée nationale, le parti politique expulse les eprésentants proportionnelles. Mais si un membre du parlement proportionnel est expulsé d'un parti existant, l'adhésion à un nouveau parti n’est pas autorisée. L'article 192, paragraphe 4, de la loi sur les élections à la fonction publique dispose que un membre de l'Assemblée nationale représentant proportionnel, lorsqu'il se sépare de son parti ou change de membre du parti pour des raisons autres que la fusion, la dissolution ou l'expulsion, est relevé de ses fonctions. On dit également que l'adhésion au nouveau parti change le parti politique, il faut voir que l'expulsion de membres proportionnels et leur envoi à d'autres partis ne sont pas autorisés par la loi actuelle sur les élections à la fonction publique. Il faut voir que l'envoi de représentants proportionnel à d'autres partis politiques par l'expulsion, également connus sous le nom d'auto-exclusion, n'est pas conforme à l’esprit du système des parti politique et n'est pas autorisé par la loi actuelle sur sur les élections à la fonction publique.

$CO_{2}$ ocean sequestration is one of the promising options to reduce $CO_{2}$ concentration in the atmosphere because the ocean has vast capacity for $CO_{2}$ absorption. Therefore, in the present investigation, calculations for solubility and dissolution behavior of liquid $CO_{2}$ droplets released at 1000 m and 1500 m deep in the ocean from a moving ship and a fixed pipeline have been carried out in order to estimate the $CO_{2}$ dissolution characteristics in the ocean. The results show liquid $CO_{2}$ becomes bubble at around 500 m in depth, and the solubility of seawater is about $5{\%}$ less than of pure water. Also, it is shown that the injection of liquid from a moving ship is a more effective method for dissolution than from a fixed pipeline, and the presence of hydrate on liquid $CO_{2}$ acts as a resistant layer in dissolving liquid $CO_{2}$.

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is a serine protease catalyzing the proteolytic conversion of plasminogen into plasmin, which is involved in thrombolysis. During last two decades, the role of tPA in brain physiology and pathology has been extensively investigated. tPA is expressed in brain regions such as cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and cerebellum, and major neural cell types such as neuron, astrocyte, microglia and endothelial cells express tPA in basal status. After strong neural stimulation such as seizure, tPA behaves as an immediate early gene increasing the expression level within an hour. Neural activity and/or postsynaptic stimulation increased the release of tPA from axonal terminal and presumably from dendritic compartment. Neuronal tPA regulates plastic changes in neuronal function and structure mediating key neurologic processes such as visual cortex plasticity, seizure spreading, cerebellar motor learning, long term potentiation and addictive or withdrawal behavior after morphine discontinuance. In addition to these physiological roles, tPA mediates excitotoxicity leading to the neurodegeneration in several pathological conditions including ischemic stroke. Increasing amount of evidence also suggest the role of tPA in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis even though beneficial effects was also reported in case of Alzheimer's disease based on the observation of tPA-induced degradation of $A{\beta}$ aggregates. Target proteins of tPA action include extracellular matrix protein laminin, proteoglycans and NMDA receptor. In addition, several receptors (or binding partners) for tPA has been reported such as low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) and annexin II, even though intracellular signaling mechanism underlying tPA action is not clear yet. Interestingly, the action of tPA comprises both proteolytic and non-proteolytic mechanism. In case of microglial activation, tPA showed non-proteolytic cytokine-like function. The search for exact target proteins and receptor molecules for tPA along with the identification of the mechanism regulating tPA expression and release in the nervous system will enable us to better understand several key neurological processes like teaming and memory as well as to obtain therapeutic tools against neurodegenerative diseases.

Purpose: This study examined associations between timing of marital dissolution, duration since marital dissolution, and self-ratedhealth among marriage immigrants in South Korea who live in single-person households. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed a secondary analysis of data from the 2021 Korean National Multicultural Family Survey. We performed binary logistic regression analyses to examine the relationships between the variables of interest while controllingfor social support, economic well-being, psychological well-being, and sociodemographic characteristics. Data from 407 marriage immigrantsingle-person households were included in the analyses. Results: Marriage immigrants’ self-rated health fluctuated over time but generally exhibited a downward trend following marital dissolution. After controlling for confounders, marital dissolution after age 50 and longer duration since dissolution (e.g., 3-6 years and 9+years) were associated with increased odds of poor self-rated health. Unemployment and depressive symptoms significantly increasedthe odds of poor self-rated health, while higher social support had a protective effect. Conclusion: Transitioning to singlehood after marital dissolution may have long-term negative health consequences, particularly forthose experiencing this transition later in life. Proactive interventions focusing on social support and health resource acquisition withinthe initial 3 years of separation may be crucial to mitigate health decline.

Purpose: This study was a grounded theory research aimed at generating a substantive theory that accounts forthe explanatory social processes in which immigrant Korean single-mother families were engaged in the UnitedStates. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 immigrant Korean single mothers who were livingwith children under 18 years of age at the time of the interviews. Data collection guided by theoretical samplingand concurrent constant comparative analysis of the transcribed data was conducted to identify the core socialprocess. Results: The emerged core social process was "living for the children," which represented the drivingprocess by which these women made transition to their new lives as single-mother families. The major taskthroughout the entire transition was re-creating their families. The women's transition involved practical and psy-chological transitions. The practical transition involved three stages: assuring family survival, struggling betweenthe father role and the mother role, and stabilizing. The psychological transition involved becoming strong andsettling in with a new supportive network. Conclusion: Study results added to the literature by elaborating the wom-en's emphasis on maternal identity and the resilience-provoking nature of the women's transitions.

Background: Several studies have reported that wild mushrooms contain high amounts of radioactive cesium (137Cs). After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident, a significantly high concentration of 137Cs has been detected in wild mushrooms, and their consumption may be the cause of the chronic internal exposure of local consumers to radioactivity. Therefore, an accurate evaluation of the internal radioactivity resulting from mushroom ingestion is needed. Materials and Methods: The 137Cs elution rate through the cooking and digestion stages was evaluated using in vitro experiments. The edible mushroom Pleurotus djamor was taken as a sample for the experiments. The mushrooms were cultivated onto solid media containing 137Cs. We evaluated the internal dose based on the actual conditions using the elution rate data. For various cooking methods, the results were compared with those of other wild edible mushrooms. Results and Discussion: From the elution experiment through cooking, we proved that 25%– 55% of the 137Cs in the mushrooms was released during soaking, boiling, or frying. The results of a simulated digestion experiment after cooking revealed that almost all the 137Cs in the ingested mushrooms eluted in the digestive juice, regardless of the cooking method. The committed effective dose was reduced by 20%–75% when considering the dissolution through the cooking process. Conclusion: We found that cooking lowers 137Cs concentration in mushrooms, therefore reducing the amount of radioactivity intake. Besides, since there were differences between mushroom types, we demonstrated that the internal exposure dose should be evaluated in detail considering the release of 137Cs during the cooking stages.

여성 정체성의 문제는 현대 문학 담론에서 광범위한 주목을 받아왔다. 상이한 역사적 시기와 지리적 맥락에서 여성은 자신의 자아 인식에 심대한 영향을 미치는 다양한 형태의 구조적 억압에 직면해 왔다. 본고는 주요 분석 텍스트로『제인 에어』, 『욕망이라는 이름의 전차』, 『댈러웨이 부인』을 선정하여 세 작품의 중심 여성 인물인 제인 에어, 블랑쉐 뒤부아, 클라리사 댈러웨이의 운명을 분석한다. 빅토리아 시대, 미국 남부 문화, 20세기 초 영국 사회라는 각기 다른 존재론적 곤경을 탐구한다. 분석은 제인의 회복력과 독립성, 클라리사의 내적 갈등과 투쟁, 블랑쉐의 민감성과 취약성을 심층적으로 다룬다. 본고는 구조적 억압이 여성의 ‘자아 상실’을 초래하지만, 여성들은 저항을 포함한 다양한 방식을 통해 자신의 정체성을 구축하기 위해 노력한다고 주장한다. 본 연구의 혁신성은 사회 환경과 개인적 성격 특성이라는 이중적 관점에서 여성 정체성에 대한 심층 분석을 제공함으로써 여성의 운명을 해석하는 새로운 렌즈를 제시하는 통합적 접근 방식에 있다.

This paper examines Jane Eyre, A Streetcar Named Desire, and Mrs. Dalloway as primary texts for a comparative study of female identity under structural oppression. Situating each heroine within her distinct historical context—Victorian England, the mid-twentieth-century American South, and early twentieth-century Britain—the analysis traces how Jane Eyre, Blanche DuBois, and Clarissa Dalloway navigate the intersecting pressures of social institutions, economic dependency, and family structures. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s theory of disciplinary power and Judith Butler’s concept of gender performativity, the study identifies three distinct modes through which patriarchal power operates: visible coercion, internalized discipline, and total erasure. It then examines the forms of self-alienation these modes produce and the corresponding strategies of resistance each woman develops within her structural constraints. By bringing these three figures into sustained parallel analysis, female identity under patriarchy emerges not as a single story of victimhood but as a differentiated spectrum of entrapment and agency, yielding a more precise understanding of how women negotiate and reconstruct selfhood under systemic oppression.

Although generic drugs are designed to contain identical amounts of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) as the original drugs, it is difficult to achieve bioequivalence (BE) during the development of generic drug. Especially, in vitro dissolution test occasionally appears complex dissolution profile which is tricky to proceed to perform formulation study. Herein, we deeply analyzed the complex dissolution profile of atorvastatin to achieve BE of generic drug. In this context, we interpreted stability of atorvastatin and impurity H in working solution of various pH. After the identification of stable pH range, we calculated relative reaction factor (RRF) value for proper validation process. Our research not only suggest adequate validation and dissolution test are required for generic development, also suggest an aspect of in vitro-in vivo correlation by accurate and precise in vitro analyzing.

본 연구는 ‘구한말 아메리카 대륙으로 한인 이주’라는 역사적 사실을 1990년대 이후 ‘한국 문학’이 어떻게 해석하는지 알고자 하는 호기심에서부터 출발한다. 그동안 디아스포라 담론을 바탕으로 연구되던 이주문학을 ‘제국과 다중’이라는 관점에서 새롭게 텍스트를 읽어보려고 시 도한 것이다. ‘한인들의 이주현상 안에서 바라본 제국의 해체와 다중의 아우또노미아’에 대해 연구하려는 목적을 달성하기 위해 조정래의 아리랑, 김영하의 검은 꽃, 박경숙의 바람의 노래 등 세 작가의 총 14편 텍스트를 기본 텍스트로 선정하고, 식민화된 대중이었던 타자들 이 다중으로 변화되어가는 모습, 이들의 생존전략과 대항권력, 아우또노미아 실현방법 등을 알아보았다. 실제 한인들이 주류사회로 유입하면서 보여준 다중으로서 모습은 생체정치 안에 서 자신들의 구성 권력과 자기 통제 및 자율적 자기생산 권리인 재전유권을 주장하는 아우또 노미아 실현이다. 이들은 한인 커뮤니티를 통해 협동을 하고 제국의 소유권에 대항한다. 긍정 적 노동 안에서 신체들이 지닌 가치와 생산적 지식을 자가 증식하고 스스로 얻은 자유 안에서 실존적 존재로 나아가려고 노력한다. 반면 텍스트의 인물들은 급격한 대항의 방식을 통해 다 중으로서 주체성을 갖고 아우또노미아를 실현하려고 하지만 성공하기도, 실패하기도 한다. 그 러나 하와이와 멕시코라는 이국 땅 안에서 살아남기 위해 몸부림치던 이들이 실제건, 텍스트 이건 활력을 통해 대중에서 다중으로 변모하고, 공통되는 사회적 행위를 통해 공통의 욕구를 추구했다는 점은 동일하다. 이들의 활력은 상상, 사랑, 욕구에 의해 추동되는 현실적인 운동이 자 연합적이고 사회적인 주체성이다. 다중들의 새로운 사회적 관계 속에서 규범과 권리는 창 조․재창조되고 부단한 변증적 과정을 거친다. 이 안에서 제국의 권력은 다중에 의해 붕괴될 수 있다. 이런 점에서 다중들의 정체성인 ‘활력’은 주체로서의 대항권력이자 민주주의를 창출 하는 절대적 내재성을 가진 힘이다. 이처럼 아메리카 대륙으로 건너간 하와이, 멕시코 한인이주를 디아스포라 담론이 아닌 제국과 다중 담론으로 충분히 새롭게 읽어낼 수 있다.

The article is based on the purpose of humanistic consideration of the ‘Dissolution of Empire and Multitude of Autonomia in Korean Migration Phenomenon’ from the end of last JoSeon Dynasty to the before liberation. I analyzed texts that are Arirang, Black flower, Song of wind from the post-modern perspective and not from the empire's perspective, And it was an attempt to study through multiple autonomy theories. Arirang, Black flower, Song of wind fourteen texts have the same material and historical background, but Migrant place and space are different. so it was meaningful to find out how they are being changed from the masses to the multitude, and what survival strategies colonized others have to build autonomous, resist power in. Autonomia succeeded or failed to carry on with identity as a multitude in the text. But they change from the mass to the multitude through vitality who are struggled people to survive in the Korean migrant phenomenon, Hawaii, Mexico migrant workers and they pursued a common desire through common social behavior. Autonomia’s vitality is realistic movement by imagine, love, desire, It was a united and social identity Norms and rights were created and recreated in the new social relations of the multitude, Empire's power could be destroyed by the multitude through this endless dialectic process, the vitality that is identity of the multitudes can be seen as the resist power as a subject and the absolute intrinsic power to create democracy in this point.

This paper examines the dissolution of family ideology, gender ideology, family blood ties, marriage, and the re-constitution of family members in Harold Pinter’s The Homecoming. The play is particularly problematic and has provoked voluminous critical responses in the sense that the heroin Ruth decides to stay with her husband’s all-male family despite their suggestions that she become a prostitute. Thus, the heart of the matter is to find the reason for her choice and what the dramatist seeks to convey. She inhabits a kind of Alaska, her American home that denies female desire and female voices. Her father-in-law, Max’s home in England is like a wasteland in which the male family members suffer from the absence of a mother-wife relationship. Pinter ultimately re-constitutes the two family members as a Pinteresque alternative family. The males need Ruth taking their dead mother-wife’s place and she needs a home which provides a certain freedom to do as she desires. The play was written in 1964, so when we think of the variable types of families that have come into being today, we can see that Pinter was incredibly ahead of his time. It is his literary practice to resist and dissolve institutionalized custom, fixed ideas, and traditional systems.

산 침출에 있어서 생성되는 가용성 실리카는 고액분리 시 여과를 어렵게 하고 목적금속의 순도를 저하시키는 등 습식제련공정에있어서 큰 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 따라서 본 고에서는 실리케이트 광물과 산과의 반응성, 가용성 실리카의 특성, 제거방법에 대하여 검토하였다. 가용성 실리카는 알카리 전처리에 의한 제거, 결정상태의 SiO2로 변환, 응집 등의 방법을 통한 여과성 향상 등의방법으로 처리할 수 있다.

Soluble silica generated from acid leaching process is very difficult to filter and deceases the purity of products, and thusbecomes one of hot issues in hydrometallurgy. This paper reviewed the dissolution and reactivities of silicates in acid solution,and the methods for treatment of soluble silica. Removal of silica with alkaline pre-treatment, crystallization to SiO2 and precipitationbehaviour of silica with coagulation under acid conditions were briefly described.

마그네사이트 광석의 염산용해 특성 및 불순물 제거에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 마그네사이트의 용해율은 용해온도가 증가할수록, 광석 입도가 감소할수록 증가하였다. 최적 용해조건은 용해시간 2시간, 용해온도 80℃, 광석입도 100 ㎛ 였으며, 최적 용해조건에서 98%의 Mg를 용해할 수 있었다. Si, Al 성분들은 대부분 용해잔사에 존재하므로 용해 후 여과를 통하여 상당량 제거가 가능하였으며, 용해된 불순물들은 용액의 pH 조절을 통하여 금속 수산화물로 석출시켰다. 또한 석출된 금속 수산화물을 응집, 침강시키기 위하여 고분자 응집제를 사용하였으며, 최적 응집제 주입 조건은 비이온계 고분자 응집제 1 ㎎/100 ml이었다.

침출온도 100˚C~140˚C, 산소압력 40psi~100psi, NaOH농도 0.5M~2M 범위의 침출조건에서 황비철광과 방연광의 혼합황화광의 알카리산화에 의한 Pb 침출실험이 수행되었다. 혼합황화광중의 방연광침출에는 침출용액중의 OH-농도가 큰 영향을 미치며 낮은 OH-농도의 침출용액에서는 침출반응의 진행에 따른 OH- 저하에 의하여 침출된 HPbO₂-가 화합물로 다시 석출이 일어나서 침출율을 저하시킬 수 있다. 침출온도 120˚C, 산소압력 100psi, 침출시간 30분, NaOH 2M의 침출조건에서 처리한 침출잔사 중의 Pb함량이 가장 낮은 결과를 얻었다.

In this work, the dissolution behavior of Pb from the complex sulphide concentrates containing Galena and Arsenopyrite by alkaline oxidative leaching was studied. The influences of leaching temperature, oxygen partial pressure, leaching time and NaOH concentration of leaching solution were examined at the leaching conditions in the range of 100˚C~140˚C temperature, 40psi~100psi PO₂ and 0.5M~2M NaOH concentration. The optimum result was obtained at the leaching condition of leaching temperature 120˚C, 100psi PO₂, leaching time 30min. and 2M NaOH concentration of leaching solution.