Earticle

This paper reconsiders the assumptions about human rationality viewed from mainstream economics and game theory. Humans perceive the world and choose their own actions through the frame of perception acquired by the culture and tradition of the social community in which they live. Behavior mediated by inherited cultures appears irrational from the point of view of traditional rationality. However, when culture is viewed as an informal institution, the content of rationality may be different for individuals who are constrained by the institution. Through these discussions, it is possible to explain social phenomena that cannot be explained by existing game theory without giving up the traditional concept of rationality. It also examines whether culturally mediated human behavior can enhance the rationality of society as a whole. When a specific culture does not guarantee social rationality, the areas and roles that can be intervened by law or policy, which are formal institutions, are also examined.

Entering the era of big data, data has become a source of competitiveness of the state and companies. Everyone is aware of the importance of data, but is not well aware of the importance of data analysis and utilization. Most people recognize the analysis and utilization of data as an area of experts. In this study, a customer analysis framework that can be easily performed by non-experts using machine learning was presented. Companies can understand customer characteristics and customer changes through periodic customer analysis.

This study was intended to review the benefits of domestic coastal port and their improvement. Basically, the benefits of domestic coastal port are linked with the related demands including cargo and tourist. The demand for cargo is limited to the transfer demand because the demand for transport through the existing port is transferred rather than increasing when a new port is built. On the other hand, new tourist demand may arise in accordance with the construction of new ports. Considering this aspect, most of the cargo-related demand is limited in its benefits to cost reduction. Also, in the case of tourist demand, it is not easy to identify new demand in advance. In this respect, even if the benefits of coastal port development are diverse, the size of the benefits is inevitably limited, and in conclusion, it is not easy to secure the economic feasibility of coastal port development. Therefore, it is necessary to expand the benefit items in consideration of the role and business purpose of the coastal port.

More than a decade ago, the necessity of establishing a maritime court in academia and legal circles has been steadily argued, and four bills have been proposed for the establishment of a maritime court in the 20th National Assembly and the 21st National Assembly. The judiciary knows that it is necessary to establish a maritime court, but it is not actively involved.This is because there are some shortages of conditions necessary for the establishment of professional courts, such as the lack of maritime cases. The establishment of the maritime court should not be seen as a matter of judicial demand only. Korea is equipped with a strong foundation of the shipping industry, which is the world's ninth largest trading power. However, as we can see from Hanjin Shipping's bankruptcy in 2016, our shipping industry has structural vulnerability. Today's shipping industry has developed further in the area of transportation industry and has developed into profit generation stage through profit generation due to ship ownership, freight futures trading, and M&A of shipping companies by private equity funds. The shipping industry is impossible without the development of brokerage industries such as shipping brokerage and financial brokerage along with the financial industry. The reason why the UK, which is behind Korea in terms of trade size and dominance fleet, still dominates the global shipping industry is because these brokerage industries are developing. In addition, ship trading brokerage and shipping brokerage are strong in international trade, so it is difficult to form a shipping market that replaces the UK unless maritime law services are supported.The establishment of the maritime court will play a role as an institutional infrastructure that will develop our shipping industry one or two levels and make Korea a global center of shipping industry. Assuming that more than 50% of the transaction volume is brokered in the transportation market that deals with ships built in Korea, the ship construction brokerage fee, cargo transportation brokerage fee, and legal service fee are estimated to be at least KRW 555.3 billion to KRW 1.112 trillion. In addition to direct profits, the effect is very large compared to the cost of establishing the maritime court when considering the economic ripple effect that occurs when it is incorporated into the global center of shipping and shipping transactions and the advancement of our shipping industry. In addition, if the ultimate purpose of establishing a maritime court is to make Korea a global center of shipping industry and to advance our shipping industry and strengthen our competitiveness, the position of maritime court should be considered mainly in marine cities. It is not argued that Busan, which can be internationally branded as a global center of shipping shipbuilding industry, should be considered first.

This paper introduces Kurort system in Germany to provide implications for the development of Korea's health tourism industry. Kurort is a unique system that occupies the most important position in the German health tourism industry, but at the same time is also responsible for part of medical services including prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. In the 19th century, Kurort developed rapidly as Kur users benefited from the public health insurance. However, due to the changed medical policy since 1990, Germany's traditional Kur system has faced challenges. Currently, Kurort is strengthening its expertise and diversity to survive in the health tourism market. Although maritime healing centers have been established in Korea with a similar concept to Kurort, there are many tasks to be solved because it is still in its early stages. In order to solve the problems, it is necessary to continuously seek ways to utilize Korea's strengths through various foreign case studies, including related cases in Germany.

EU has, in spite of formidable difficulties, continued to expand its territory since it was established, and the number of its member countries has increased to 28. Britain first applied for joining the EU in 1961 and finally became a member in 1973. After joining the EU, the UK managed to scrape along without major conflicts with other member countries. As the number of its members increased, however, a great deal of disagreements, and social, economic and cultural disparities among the member countries widened. Furthermore, the Eurozone took a great economic hit amid the financial crisis in 2007, and the anti-EU sentiment has rapidly spread out among the EU countries. With a growing popularity of the anti-EU political parties in England, Prime Minister Cameron promised to hold a referendum in 2013 on whether the UK should stay in the EU, as part of a political strategy of winning the 2015 general election. He expected the national referendum would easily reconfirm Britain's EU membership, which however turned out to be a serious miscalculation on his part. The result was that ‘Leave’ won by 52 percent to 48 percent. Cameron resigned the very next day after the referendum, and the new Prime Minister Theresa May began the process of leaving the EU. Britain's exit from the EU has been a complicated process. After several rounds of negotiations, EU and May finally came up with a withdrawal agreement. But this deal was rejected by the British Parliament three times. To take full responsibility, Mrs. May stepped down, and she was replaced by Boris Johnson. New Prime Minister Johnson had to undergo much difficulty to complete the withdrawal mission and the UK finally left the EU on December 31, 2020. The Brexit is considered as the most important event in the EU history after the unification of Germany. So a relevant in-depth study is required to understand the future development direction of the EU. With this viewpoint, in the present study I address in detail why the British voted to leave the EU, how the Brexit unfolded, and what kind of tasks and problems it has left to the UK itself and its neighboring countries.

Wellness, which emphasizes an active attitude toward health, has become popular in Western society, and the industry related to wellness is also rapidly expanding. Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and wellness is the process and attitude of individuals and society actively striving to reach such an optimal well-being state. In Korea, there is still a lack of understanding of wellness, and it is mainly used for health-related products and services. Recently, the Korean government has introduced maritime healing and implemented promotion policies to improve the quality of people's lives. If maritime healing seeks ways to support public and private insurance through cooperation with related government agencies and focuses on industrializing local resources and maritime healing services, it will develop into a Korean-style maritime healing model that the world pays attention to.