Earticle

Cross-linguistically there are different mechanisms for alternate syntactic coding of semantic roles. Typological studies show that alternate syntactic frames are a recurrent feature of human languages. In this article, we have examined space-object constructions and possessor-ascension constructions in Korean, in which alternate syntactic frames are available with verbs undergoing no morphological change. In space-object constructions, a semantic difference is manifested depending on which semantic role is chosen as direct object. In other words, accusative-space and locative-space constructions contain the same semantic roles (agent, theme, locative) and differ only with respect to which role is chosen as direct object and thereby presented as more central. Many languages, including Korean, generally show a semantic contrast between total affectedness of accusative-space and partial affectedness of locative-space. This is consistent with the typological universal that the marking for the wholly affected patient is the accusative and the marking for the partly affected patient is usually non-accusative (whether it is locative, genitive or partitive). Possessor ascension is a device which promotes a possessor NP to the status of affected object. When possessor ascension takes place, the possessor NP is turned into the Primary object of the verb, and the original object becomes the Secondary object. The possessor marked as accusative behaves like a typical direct object and the possessee loses the status of direct object to have a secondary object interpretation.

This study aims at providing a unified account of the serial verb construction(SVC) as a complex predicate in Mandarin Chinese. Adopting the definition of SVCs from a typological perspective by Aikhenvald (2006), the proposal of this study may differ from most previous studies on the clear boundary of the Chinese serial verb construction. This study examines four types of syntactic patterns in the Chinese serial verb construction: Type1, the canonical SVC, Type2, the pivotal SVC, Type3, the coverb SVC, and Type4, the V-V compound SVC. SVCs are typically defined in morphosyntactic properties: multiple verbs, single clause, argument sharing, and no morphosyntactic linker or subordinator, etc. A prototype approach will be helpful to define and describe SVCs. In an individual language, SVCs are expected to have most, but not necessarily all, of these properties. Some types of SVC may have maximal properties while some types can be either more or less like the prototype. The analysis mainly focuses on the following parameters of the four types of SVCs in Chinese: aspectual marking, negation scope, arguments sharing, and semantic head. Each type of SVC performs differently on these parameters. Therefore, the four types of SVCs in Chinese were found to be arranged in a continuum from the perspective of prototype category. Finally, the study of the prototype and interrelationship of Chinese SVCs can provide references for cross-linguistic studies on the serial verb construction.

One used grammar in Vietnamese becomes two in Korean so learners are very confused. A study on the bias caused by the difference between Vietnamese and Korean. A study on the bias analysis caused by the differences between Vietnamese and Korean. I think this is a necessary study for Vietnamese learners of Korean language. The purpose of this research is to find the similarities and differences between Korean sentences -ko iss-, -e iss- and Vietnamese đang sentences. Then let Vietnamese learners learn to progressiv and resultative -ko iss-, -e iss- sentence learning is easier and more convenient. This way, the teachers who can teach them also have a little help.

This paper analyzes the aspectual meanings of –ko iss- and –Iyor, and reveals their similarities and differences through semantic map. Although –ko iss- and –Iyor are grammatical markers indicating progress aspect, they can also be interpreted in various meanings, such as resultative, repetitive aspect and so on. This paper examines prototype meaning of the two grammatical markers in terms of diachronic and linguistic typology, and reveals the various aspectual meanings that appear according to the lexical aspect relationship between the arguments. As a result, the prototype meaning of –ko iss- in Korean is [resultative], and the meanings of [progressive], [quasi resultative], [repetitive], and [habitual] are expanded from [resultative]. - Iyor in Turkish has the original meaning [progressive], and [progressive] meaning expands to [resultative], [quasi resultative], [iterative], [habitual], [prospective] and [inceptive]. This study expresses various aspectual meanings of –ko iss- and –Iyor visually by semantic map and through this, examines the linguistic university and individuality of the two markers.