Earticle

I have examined Korean lexicalization patterns with respect to the five event conflation types: motion, state change, temporal contouring (aspect), action correlating, and realization, on the basis of Talmy (1991)’s conceptual structure based approaches. He reported that there are two major lexical conflation types, Spanish type verb-framed (TYPE 1) and English type satellite-framed (TYPE 2) languages, as to where languages characteristically map the schematic cores of the five framing events onto. Korean, as a whole, pertains to the Spanish type verb-framed languages where the core schema, e.g., Path of Motion event is conflated with the verb as in neh- (move.in). The distributional characteristics of Korean lexical conflation types between the TYPE 1 and TYPE 2 are as followings. In Motion and State Change framing event, the satellite-framed (TYPE 1-1) and the serial verb-framed (TYPE 1-2) mapping of core schema are both common. In contrast, there is a significant predominant usage in other three framing events; namely, the serial verb-framed (TYPE 1-2) lexical mapping of S-Relations is predominant in temporal contouring, whereas the satellite-framed (TYPE 1-1) mapping of S-Relations is very rare. In Action Correlating Event, unlike our expectation, the satellite-framed (TYPE 2) of core schema is predominant, and exceptions are almost of Sino-Korean loan words. Finally, in Realization, Korean verbs are also showing different kinds of realization types; namely, sanyangha- ‘hunt’ (action plus intention), ppal- ‘wash’ (action plus intention plus implicature) and cwuki- ‘kill’ (action plus intention plus fulfillment of that intention) as English does. However, as expected by its different lexical types, when there is needed a Event Conflation between a framing and a supportive events, Korean conflates a framing event onto a main verb and separates a supportive event onto a satellite form (adverbial clauses) as in example (71) John-i kom-lul sanyanghay-se cap-ess-ta where the main verb cap- ‘capture’ functions as a fulfillment marker. Finally two serial verb constructions are employed for this Realization event: ‘V1+noh (put)’ for fulfillment type and ‘V1+twu (put.for)’ for ‘preservation for the future’.

This study aims to examine the usefulness of the division between focalized progressive and durative progressive suggested by Bertinetto et al.(2000) through contrasting Korean progressive sentences with those corresponding Chinese progressive sentences. In Korean '-go iss-' and '-neun jungi-' are usually used to express progressive reading, and In Chinese 'zai', 'zhengzai', 'zheng' and 'zhe' are used for that meaning. This article has initially began to seek the reason why more than one progressive maker are used for progressive sentences. In order to solve those curiosity presents writers depend on the approach of Bertinetto et al.(2000). In chapter 2, the concepts of focalized progressive and durative progressive are introduced and some Korean and Chinese progressive sentenced discussed in terms of the concepts. In chapter 3, 100 sentences of '-go iss-' and 100 sentences of '-neun jungi-' are extracted from a corpus, and then they are compared to those corresponding Chinese progressive sentences. Through the comparison, the present writers argue that '-go iss-' is more related to durative progressive and '-neun jungi-' to focalized progressive. Among Chinese progressive markers, 'zheng' is more related to focalized progressive than 'zai' and 'zhe'; 'zhengzai' is quite similar to 'zheng' because it shares the marker 'zheng'.

전통적으로 이동 동사는 대상의 위치 변화를 나타내는데, 이동 객체 의 역할, 방식, 경로 등의 부차적 의미 요소에 따라 다양하게 구분된다. 하지 만 어휘유형론의 관점에서 다양한 이동 동사의 의미를 기본적인 개념 요소 로 분석하는 데 어려움이 있었다. 따라서 어휘소에 대한 의의 접근보다 지시 접근이 유용할 수 있다. 본고에서는 유사성과 실례 의미론에 기반한 확률적 의미 지도를 언어 간 어휘 비교를 위한 대안적 도구로 활용하였다. 또한 병 렬 텍스트에 나타난 한국어 이동 동사 ‘달리다’의 확률적 의미 지도를 통해 그 유용성을 확인하고자 시도하였는데, 의미 지도에서 영어 이동 동사 run의 의미 중 일부는 ‘달리다’에 대응하였지만 대부분의 상황에서 주로 ‘달려가 다’로 번역되었다. ‘달리다’와 의미를 공유하면서도 구별되는 ‘달려가다’는 진행의 상적 자질을 가지고 있었으며, 이런 의미 사상은 의미 지도의 개념 공간을 통해 더 잘 나타낼 수 있었다.

Traditionally, motion verbs represent a transportation of a theme, and they are classified based on additory semantic elements, such as roles of a theme, manners, and paths. As motion verbs have different meanings, it is difficult to analyze the basic conceptual elements of each verb in the perspective of lexical typology. So a denotation approach of lexeme is needed rather than a sense approach. This study used the probabilistic semantic map as an alternative tool for cross-linguistic comparisons of lexemes, which based on similarity and examplar semantics. It tried to display the probabilistic semantic map of tallita , the Korean motion verb using parallel texts. In this semantic map, tallita shares meanings of the corresponding English motion verb run with another Korean motion verb tallyekata , that has an aspectual feature of the progressive. And in many situations, more meanings of the English run were translated to the Korean tallyekata , these semantic mappings are illustrated in this conceptual space better as well.