Earticle

게임 플레이에서 몰입은 매우 중요한 개념이며 게임을 이루는 요소들 중 몰입에 많은 영향을 미치는 요소는 바로 컷씬이다. 컷씬은 재미와 감동을 주는 게임의 스토리를 플레이어에게 직접적으로 전달해준는 매개체 이다. 대부분의 게임에서 모든 플레이어는 같은 컷씬을 보게 된다. 본 연구는 플레이어의 감성 데이터를 바탕으로 플레이어마다 다른 컷씬을 감상하게 하게 게임 플레이의 몰입을 증가시키는 실험을 검증하였다. 우리는 각 이벤트 후 보여지는 컷씬을 감상하기 전 인터페이스를 통해 플레이어의 각 상황에 대한 감성을 입력받아 실시간으로 보여지는 컷씬에 효과를 적용시켰다. 적용시켜지는 칼라 효과는 러셀의 감성모델과 그 감성모델에 매칭되는 컬러표를 기반으로 구현하였다. 플레이어의 감성에 따라 컷씬은 달라지게 된다. 많은 연구들이 게임에서의 몰입을 다루고 있으며 이계속 이루어 질 것이다. 본 연구는 게임에서 플레이어의 몰입증가에 새로운 시도가 될 것이다.

Immersion degree for game is one of the key factors in playing game. Immersion in game playing, cut-scene is important factor. Game is made up of many elements. The elements of game that the player directly experiences can be divided into graphic, story, interface, sound and so on. Among these, cut-scenes tell the story of game and it is a important factor in the experience of fun and inspiration. Most games, every player experience same cut-scene. In this paper, we enhance emotion of contents based on the emotion models established in psychology. We experimented to extract the emotion of the player before each cut-scene and apply it to the image control. The emotional extraction interface is based on “Russell's circumplex model of affect”, and representative emotions were extracted and implemented. The color value of the game cut-scene is changed to each player, through the color of the color pattern matched with emotions. We experience the interface that can check the emotion of player in each play times. According to emotion of player, cut-scene is changed. In the meantime, many papers and case the immersion of game has been emphasized. Out research can be applied to a variety of games. This attempt will enhance the player's immersion into the game.

글로벌 팬데믹 사태를 겪으며 전 세계는 다시 한번 ‘전염병’을 높은 수준의 위협으로 인식하게 되었다. 방역은 본래 환경안전의 범위에서 주로 다루어져 왔으며, 보안은 이에 대한 지원적 업무만을 담당해왔다. 그러나 이제는 물리보안시스템(PPS)의 적용을 통한 팬 데믹 대응사례도 늘어나고 있는 만큼 물리보안의 팬데믹 대응에 대한 범위확장과 새로운 접근이 고려되어야 하는 때이다. 이 연구에서는 물리보안 통제요소를 주제로 팬데믹이라는 특정 상황에서 고려되어야 하는 물리보안 통제요소를 구성하였으며, 객관적이고 구체적인 통제요소의 도출을 위해 문헌조사와 ‘델파이 기법(Delphi Method)’을 활용하였다. 이 연구는 물리보안 통제요소를 구분하는 건축 구조적 요소, 전자적 시스템 요소, 인적 요소 아래, 12개의 중분류, 28개의 소분류로 구성되는 팬데믹 상황에서의 물리보안 통제요 소를 도출하고, 이를 제시하였다.

The global pandemics have once again led the world to recognize 'epidemic' as a high-level threat. Disinfection measures were originally dealt with in the scope of environmental safety in general, and security has only been in charge of supporting tasks, but now, as the number of pandemic response cases through the application of physical security systems is increasing, it is time to consider expanding the scope and various approaches to countering the pandemic of physical security. In this study, physical security controls that should be considered under certain circumstances, called pandemics, were constructed under the subject of physical security controls, which have been rarely addressed so far, and conclusions were drawn using literature research and 'Delphi method' to derive objective and specific controls. This study is expected to be of high practical value by deriving and presenting physical security controls in pandemics, consisting of architectural structural, electronic, and human factors that distinguish physical security controls, 12 divisions and 28 subdivisions. It would also be meaningful in that it provides basic data by presenting traditional physical security controls collected through literature research.

경찰은 1991년 7월 1일 경찰법의 시행에 따라 치안본부 체제에서 행정자치부(당시 내무부) 외청인 경찰청으로 분리되었다. 외청으로 분리와 함께 경찰 행정권의 강화와 더불어 그 책임에 대한 통제 즉 행정통제의 필요성도 커지게 되었다. 경찰의 행정통제 즉, 경찰통제란 경찰행정의 목표인 사회공공의 안녕과 질서유지 업무가 효과적으로 수행될 수 있고, 경찰행정이 국민의 입장에서 국민을 위하여 수행 될 수 있도록 경찰의 업무수행 과정이나 결과에 대하여 조정하고 환류하며 진행시키는 것이다. 경찰의 통제는 경찰의 민주적 운영, 정치적 중립 확보, 경찰활동에 있어 법치주의를 도모, 국민의 인권을 보호, 조직 자체의 부패를 방지하고 건강을 유지하기 위하여 필요하다. 경찰에 대한 통제의 기본요소는, 먼저 권한의 분산이 이루어져야 하고, 경찰기관의 자료가 투명하게 공개되어야 하며, 공개에 의하여 얻은 자료나 민주적 장치를 바탕으로 참여하고, 경찰행정의 결과에 따라, 잘못이 드러나면 책임을 추궁하며, 잘못된 부분에 대해서는 시정하고 환류시킴으로써 경찰행정의 적정을 도모해야 한다. Gilbert는 행정책임의 확보를 위한 행정통제수단을 통제자가 대상조직의 외부에 있는가 혹은 내부에 있는가, 통제자가 법률 등에 의하여 공식적으로 설치된 제도적인 것인가 혹은 사실상의 효과 밖에 없는 비제도적인 것인가를 기준으로 ① 외부적․공식적(제도적) 통제, ② 외부․비공식적(비제도적) 통제, ③ 내부․공식적(제도적) 통제, ④ 내부․비공식적(비제도적) 통제 등 네 가지로 분류하였다. 이러한 통제 유형에 따라 경찰청 개청이후 1995년부터 2005년까지 경찰청이 시행한 통제제도를 분류하면 ① 외부 제도적 통제는 없고, ② 외부 비제도적 통제는 4건이며, ③ 내부 제도적 통제는 4건이고, ④ 내부 비제도적 통제는 10건이었다. 전체적 효과를 살펴보면 긍정적이라 할 수 있는 것은 ① 시민의 만족도 향상 ② 시민의 평가 향상이었으며, 부정적인 효과는 ① 아직도 잔존하는 부패 ② 정착되지 못한 경찰통제 제도를 들 수 있다. 경찰청 개청이후 시행한 경찰통제에 대하여 정책적 제언을 한다면 다음의 세 가지를 지적 할 수 있겠다. 경찰 책임의 확보를 위한 경찰통제는 ① 내부적 통제가 바람직하고 ② 근본적인 것은 시민과 경찰관의 의식변화가 중요하며 ③ 통제요인별 구분에 따르면 내부적 비제도적 통제에 중점을 두고, 제도 시행의 효과 분석에 따른 통제전략이 요구된다 할 것이다.

The police was separated into the National Police Agency, an external office of Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs, from the Security Service Headquarters system(internal affairs office at that time) in accordance with the Police Law that has lasted in force from July 01, 1991. Its separation as an external office led to an increased administrative power of the police and also the increased need of control of the responsibility, namely the administrative control. The administrative control of police aimed to coordinate and facilitate the progress of police work or its result to ensure that the goal of police administration promotes the welfare and public order of society and the police administration can be implemented from the perspective of the public. The control by the police must ensure the democratic process of the police, political neutrality, promotion of legal constitutionalism(legalism) as to the police activities, protection of human rights of the public, prevention of the internal corruption, and the promotion of health. The basic element of police control is that the priority is the decentrali-zation of power, the transparent disclosure of information kept by the police organization, the participation on the basis of the democratic system or the information disclosed to the public, prosecution of wrongdoing in accordance with the outcome of police administration, the correction of wrongdoing, ultimately promoting the appropriateness of the police administration. Gilbert classified the tool of administrative control into the following 4 categories based on the assumption whether the controller is inside or outside of the corresponding organization, whether the controller is an institutional one officially put in place by law and others, or whether the controller is not an institutional one beyond the reach of de facto effect: ① external and official(institutional)control, ② external and official(non-institutional)control, ③ internal official(institutional)control, ④ internal and inofficial(non-institutional) control. The control system that the National Police Agency had implemented from 1995 to 2005 since its inauguration can be classified in to the following categories: ① no external and institutional control ② 4 cases of external and non-institutional control, ③ 4 cases of internal and institutional control, ④ 10 cases of internal and non-constitutional control. The overall effect was positive in terms of ① the improved satisfaction of citizen and ② the improved evaluation of citizen. The negative effect was ① the still lingering corruption and ② the police control that was not fully established. The following three recommendations can be made at the policy level for the police control that has been enforced since the inauguration of the National Police Agency. To ensure the responsibility of the police, ① the internal control is desirable, ② fundamentally, the shift in the consciousness of citizen and the police is important, ③ the control strategy needs to put an emphasis on the internal and non-institutional control, depending on the elements of control, according to the analyzed effect of the implemented system.

In this paper, we propose a new type of power control system for the rod drive coil of the CEDM of the PWR NPP in order to supply more reliable DC power The electrical modelling of the controlled rod drive coil was done by referring related documentations. The design of the proposed system is based on this electric81 model satisfying the existing specification. A high power DC-DC converter scheme is adopted utilizing the SMPS technique in the design of the proposed system. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed system, an experimental system with the capability of 3.2 K Watt was set up for a rod with four cores and some computer simulations and experimentations were carried out. The result shows a very similar tracking performance with that of the existing system to the driving command. As a result of this, the proposed method can be applied to the power control system for the rod drive coil of the CEDM of the PWR NPP.

원자로내부구조물의 설계시 필요한 동적응답해석을 위하여 각 구조물의 정확한 진동특성을 파악할 필요가 있다. 한국표준형 원자력발전소를 위하여 설계된 제어봉집합체 보호구조물은 기존의 설계로 부터 많은 설계변경이 있었고, 또 이 구조물은 튜우브와 얇은 판이 사각격자형태로 이루어져 있고 연결봉에 의해 고정되는 등 매우 복잡한 형태로 구성되어 있어서 해석과 시험을 위한 진동측정프로그램을 수행할 필요성이 대두되었다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 보호구조물의 진동시험을 수행하여 동적특성을 구하였고 또한 유한요소모델을 이용하여 해석에 의해 시험조건하에서의 고유진동수와 모우드형상을 구하였다. 시험과 해석에 의한 모우드특성을 비교한 결과 매우 잘 일치함으로써 구조물의 동적응답을 구하기 위한 해석모델의 타당성을 보였다.

The design of reactor internals requires the accurate vibration characteristics of each component for subsequent dynamic structural response analyses. For Korean standard nuclear power plant some modifications on the Control Element Assembly shroud from the reference design have been made, Since the shroud is complex in geometry having an array of vertical round tubes and webs in a square grid pattern, and being tied down by preloaded tie rods into position, it is planned to perform a vibration measurement program consisting of both experimental and analytical modal studies upon that component. The shroud modal testing was performed on the low frequency global survey to measure the first several modes. The analysis using the finite element model was also performed for the as-tested conditions. The natural frequencies and mode shapes from both test and analysis have been acquired and compared to be in good agreement. It is concluded that finite element model generated is good enough to be used in the design for the dynamic response analysis under various loading conditions.

Spacecraft mission planning functions including event prediction, mission scheduling, command planning, and ground track display have been developed for the KOMPSAT-2 mission operations. Integrated event prediction functions including satellite orbital events, user requested imaging events, and satellite operational events have been implemented. Mission scheduling functions have been realized to detect the mission conflicts considering the user specified constraints and resources, A conflict free mission scheduling result is mapped into the spacecraft command sequences in the command planning functions. The command sequences are directly linked to the spacecraft operations using eXtensible Markup Language(XML) for command transmission. Ground track display shows the satellite ground trace and mission activities on a digitized world map with zoom capability.

This paper presents the temperature control of aluminum plate by using Peltier element. Peltier effect is heat pumping phenomena by electric energy as one of the thermoelectric effect. So if current is charged to Peltier element, it absorbs heat from low temperature side and emits heat to high temperature side. In this experiment, Peltier element is used to control the temperature of small aluminum plate with current control and operating cooling fan only while cooling duration. Operating cooling fan only while cooling duration is proper to get more rapid heating and cooling duration. As a result of experiment, it takes about 100sec period to repeating temperature between $35^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$ and about 80sec from $40^{\circ}C$ to $70^{\circ}C$ in ambient air temperature $25^{\circ}C$ and while operating cooling fan only in cooling duration. Future aim is to apply this temperature control method in actuating SMHA(special metal hydride actuator) which is applicable in Siver project acting in low frequency range by using Peltier element for heating and cooling.

This paper analyzes the $h{\times}p$ version of the finite element method for optimal control problems constrained by elliptic partial differential equations with random inputs. The main result is that the $h{\times}p$ error bound for the control problems subject to stochastic partial differential equations leads to an exponential rate of convergence with respect to p as for the corresponding direct problems. Numerical examples are used to confirm the theoretical results.

Turbulent flow field in a subchannel of bare rod bundles has been numerically simulated using the control volume based finite element method. Launder & Ying model of Reynolds stress and Lam & Bremhorst low-Reynolds number model are implemented in k-$\varepsilon$ equations and momentum equations. Secondary flows are simulated using the stream function and vorticity approach. The control volume based finite element method enable to use the upwind scheme (donor cell scheme). Sensitivity of the constants in the models are studied, and proper values are found to get the close result to the measured flow distributions.

In order to express the CDC70 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by heat shock, we have designed heat inducibe hybrid promoters using the Drosophila melanogaster heat shock elements (HSEs). A 220 bp-long upstream fragment of the D. melanogaster hsp70 gene comprised of four HSEs was placed upstream of the putative proximal TATA box of the CDC70 gene. Hybrid promoters containing different fusion joints were tested for their ability to drive the CDC70 gene expression by heat shock. The results showed that the HSEs of D. melanogaster conferred the heat-induced CDC70 gene expression, but the heat inducibility was much lower than that in D. melanogaster.

Three-dimensional flow analysis was performed by using the control volume finite-element method for design of a profile extrusion die. Because polymer melt behavior is complicated and cross-sectional shape of the profile extrusion die is changing continuously, the fluid flow within the die must be analyzed three-dimensionally. A commercially available polypropylene is used for theoretical and experimental investigations. Material properties are assumed to be constant except for the viscosity. The 5-constant modified Cross model is used for the numerical analysis. A test problem is examined in order to verify the accuracy of the numerical method. Simulations are performed for conditions of three different screw speeds and three different die temperatures. Predicted pressure distribution is compared with the experimental measurements and the results of the previous two-dimensional study. The computational results obtained by using three dimensional CVFEM agree with the experimental measurements and are more accurate than those obtained by using the two-dimensional cross-sectional method. The velocity profiles and the temperature distributions within several cross-sections of the die are given as contour plots.

Finite element approximation solutions of the optimal control problems for stochastic Stokes equations with the forcing term perturbed by white noise are considered. Error estimates are established for the fully coupled optimality system using Brezzi-Rappaz-Raviart theory. Numerical examples are also presented to examine our theoretical results.

We study a boundary optimal control problem of the fluid flow governed by the Navier-Stokes equations. the control problem is formulated with the flow through a channel with steps. The first-order optimality condition of the optimal control is derived. Finite element approximations of the solutions of the optimality system are defined and optimal error estimates are derived. finally, we present some numerical results.

Mathematical formulation and numerical solutions of an optimal Dirichlet boundary control problem for the Boussinesq equations are considered. The solution of the optimal control problem is obtained by adjusting of the temperature on the boundary. We analyze finite element approximations. A gradient method for the solution of the discrete optimal control problem is presented and analyzed. Finally, the results of some computational experiments are presented.

We consider a distributed optimal flux control problem: finding the potential of which gradient approximates the target vector field under an elliptic constraint. Introducing the Lagrange multiplier and a change of variables the Euler-Lagrange equation turns into a coupled equation of an elliptic equation and a reaction diffusion equation. The change of variables reduces iteration steps dramatically when the Gauss-Seidel iteration is considered as a solution method. For the elliptic equation solver we consider the Cell Boundary Element (CBE) method, which is the finite element type flux preserving methods.

We have conducted two kinds of the so-called charge-compensated aliovalent element substitutions to control the photoluminescence properties of $NaAlSiO_4:Eu^{2+}$ with a special focus on the enhancement of the excitation intensity at 400 nm. The aliovalent element substitutions include cation-cation and cation-anion co-substitutions according to the general formulas $Na_{1-x}M_xAl_{1+x}Si_{1-x}O_4:Eu^{2+}$ and $Na_{1-x}M_xAlSiO_{4-x}N_x:Eu^{2+}$ (M = $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Sr^{2+}$), respectively. The increase in the relative excitation intensity at 400 nm has been achieved in both types of the co-substitutions. Thus, the present research has demonstrated the effectiveness of the charge-compensated element substitution.

The construction of a Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SynRM) is simple and also highly economical because a stator from the existing AC motor can be used. Since the synchronous inductance in the Synchronous Reluctance Motor is an element that is proportional to torque, its exact value must be experimentally or analytically found for accurate control and performance development of the motor. In this paper, direct torque control (DTC) simulation is carried out to maximize the torque of the Synchronous Reluctance Motor and the fast response characteristics with the inductance value by the Finite Element Method (FEM). The response characteristics are compared through the proposed direct torque control and torque response characteristics that are based on the existing PI Control in order to confirm the fast response features. To test the performance of the direct torque controller, the torque response is analyzed with variable speed and load condition.

In this work, a strategy for passive vibration control of periodic structures is proposed which involves adding a periodic array of simple resonant devices for creating band gaps. It is shown that such band gaps can be generated at low frequencies as opposed to the well known Bragg scattering effects when the wavelengths have to meet the length of the elementary cell of a periodic structure. For computational purposes, the wave finite element (WFE) method is investigated, which provides a straightforward and fast numerical means for identifying band gaps through the analysis of dispersion curves. Also, the WFE method constitutes an efficient and fast numerical means for analyzing the impact of band gaps in the attenuation of the frequency response functions of periodic structures. In order to highlight the relevance of the proposed approach, numerical experiments are carried out on a 1D academic rod and a 3D aircraft fuselage-like structure.