Earticle

본 연구에서는 소비자의 능동성이 확대되고 있는 현재의 광고환경에서 상호작용성을 기반으로 하는 뉴미디어 광고인 IPTV 광고를 대상으로 소비자의 광고 이용동기를 파악하였다. 이와 더불어 이러한 IPTV 광고 이용동기가 IPTV 광고 이용행동에 미치는 영향을 파악함으로써 새로운 광고환경에서 광고 이용동기의 중요성을 알아보고자 하였다. IPTV 광고 이용동기를 파악하기 위하여 이용동기 항목 추출을 위한 사전조사를 거쳐 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 요인분석을 실시한 결과, IPTV 광고 이용동기로‘경제’, ‘정보’, ‘광고’, ‘습관’의 4개 요인이 추출되었다. 추출된 IPTV 광고 이용동기가 IPTV 광고 이용행동에 미치는 영향을 파악해본 결과, 각각의 이용동기가 각각의 IPTV 광고 이용행동에 차별적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

This study attempts to understand the motives for using IPTV advertising and to understand the impact of the motivations on using behavior of IPTV advertising. To understand the motives for using IPTV advertising, a survey was conducted after pre-test for questionnaire design. The Composition of motive factors were ascertained through factor analysis. The analysis produced 4 dimensions of motives for using IPTV advertising, including 'economic motivation', 'information', 'advertising', and 'passing time/habit'. Each motive impacted on each using behavior differently.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the construct equivalence of the general five factors of healthbehavior and to compare the latent means between adolescents with a health problem and those without in Korea. Methods: The 2009 KYRBS (Korean Youth Risk Behavior Survey) data were used for the analysis. Multi-groupconfirmatory factor analysis was performed to test whether the scale had configural, metric, and scalar invariancesacross the existence of health problems in adolescents. Results: Configural, metric, and factor invariances weresatisfied for the latent mean analysis (LMA) between adolescents with health problem and those without. Adolescents with health problem and those without were not different in the LMA of all factors. Conclusion: Healthproviders should give more interest to the group of adolescents with health problems and consider prudentialschool life to the same group.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of intervention using the therapeutic robot, PARO, on the cognition, emotion, problem behavior, and social interaction of elderly people with dementia. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. A total of 33 elderly people with dementia living in a nursing home facility participated in the study, with 17 in the experimental group and 16 in the control group. The intervention program with PARO was administered twice a week for 6 weeks, for a total of 12 sessions. Data were collected before and after intervention, using a questionnaire, direct observation, and video recording. Results: There were statistically significant differences in positive emotions and problem behaviors between the groups. The experimental group demonstrated a significant improvement in social interaction. Conclusion: PARO intervention can be utilized as an effective nursing intervention to increase positive emotions and social interaction, as well as decrease problem behaviors, in elderly people with dementia living in nursing home facilities.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of self-care intervention using a mobileinstant messenger on hemodialysis patient`s knowledge, self-efficacy, self-care behavior and physiological indices. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The participants consisted of 38 patients who had a regular hemodialysis of Seoul National University Hospital. They were assigned to one of two groups; an experimental group (n = 19) that had self-care intervention for 8 weeks and a control groups (n = 19) that had routine hemodialysis treatment. The datacollection was conducted from September 5, 2022 to October 29, 2022. The date were analyzed byChi-square test, Independent t-test, and Fisher`s exact test using SPSS Win 29 program. Results: Therewas a significant difference in self-efficacy (t = 3.42, p = .002) between experimental and controlgroups. There was no significant differences between the two groups in knowledge (t = 0.80, p = .428),self-care behavior (t = 0.09, p = .929), potassium (t = -0.82 p = .416), phosphorus (t = -0.03, p = .974),weight gain (t = 0.16, p = .867). Conclusion: Based on above results, it was verified that self-care intervention in this study was an effective indicator in improving the self-efficacy. There is a requirementto formulate comprehensive interventions capable of enhancing various indicators.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among parenting role sharing, parenting stress, happiness, and parenting behavior of mothers with 6-year-old children. Methods: This study used data from the seventh Panel Study of Korean Children, which began collecting longitudinal data on a sample of newborn households nationwide in 2008 and will continue yearly until 2027. The participants were 1,560 mothers of children aged 6 years. We conducted statistical analyses using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The mean age of the mothers was 36.8±3.7 years. The mothers' perceived parenting role sharing (r=.07, p=.007), parenting stress (r=-.54, p<.001), and happiness (r=.38, p<.001) were significantly correlated with warm parenting behavior. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that parenting stress (β=-.47, p<.001), happiness (β=.15, p<.001), and parenting role sharing (β=.11, p<.001) were significant predictors for warm parenting behavior by mothers. Conclusion: It is essential to reduce mothers' stress and increase their positive emotions (happiness). Fathers should actively share parenting roles in raising children to enhance mothers' warm parenting behavior.

PurposeThis secondary data analysis examined the relationship between sleep patterns (including bedtime and wake-up time), chronotype, and depressive symptoms in adolescents aged 13~18 years. MethodsData were derived from the 19th Youth Risk Behavior Survey conducted in 2023. Of the 52,880 respondents, 5,893 were excluded, resulting in a final analytic sample of 46,987 adolescents. Complex sample logistic regression analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4 to investigate the effects of sleep patterns and chronotype on depressive symptoms. ResultsAmong the 46,987 participants, 11,967 reported depressive symptoms, yielding an estimated prevalence of 25.3%. Statistically significant differences in bedtime, wake-up time, sleep duration, and chronotype were identified between adolescents with and without depressive symptoms (p < .001). The mid-sleep time on free days corrected for sleep debt on school days was significantly later among those with depressive symptoms (5.49 ± 0.03) compared with those without (5.36 ± 0.02; p < .001). Significant correlates of depressive symptoms included sex, living with family, household income, school grade, current drinking and smoking, habitual drug use, perceived health status, anxiety, stress awareness, loneliness, and sleep duration. Each additional hour of sleep was associated with a 0.98-fold lower risk of depressive symptoms (95% confidence interval = 0.96~0.99, p = .021). ConclusionThis study demonstrated that sleep duration, sleep patterns, and chronotype are associated with depressive symptoms in adolescents. Interventions should target extending sleep duration through earlier bedtimes and encouraging a shift from evening-type to morning-type chronotypes, which may help alleviate depressive symptoms.

하수처리장에서의 화학적 인 제거를 위해 필요한 약품량은 실험결과에 의해 만들어진 그래프를 통해 제시되고 있다. 그러나 시뮬레이션 프로그램인 EQPS21의 화학적 인 제거모델은 인 제거를 위해 투입된 약품의 수화물에서 생성된 활성 지점이 화학적 인 제거에 관여한다고 제시하고 있다. 화학적 인 제거 모델이 문헌에서 제시된 약품 소요량과 일치하는지 를 파악하기 위해 시뮬레이션을 수행하였는데, 시뮬레이션 결과는 문헌 제시 결과와 일치하고 있음을 보여주었다. 화학 적 인제거를 위해 투입되는 약품 투입지점의 속도경사는 전체적인 화학적 인 제거에 있어서 가장 중요한 인자임이 시뮬 레이션을 통해 증명되었다. 속도경사가 20 1/s인 경우 하수 원수에 약품을 투입해서 처리수 PO4-P농도를 0.2 mg/L로 하 기 위해서는 Al/P 몰비가 4.7이되는 Al을 투입해야 하지만, 속도경사가 200 1/s에서는 2.4 Al/P 몰비의 Al만 투입해도 되 는 것으로 시뮬레이션을 통해 파악되었다.

The amount of metal to phosphorus removal is estimated by the graph developed by experimental data in wastewater treatment facility. However, the active sites on the surface of metal hydroxide are claimed to involved in chemical phosphous removal model in EQPS21. In order to evaluate the compatibility of model in EQPS21, various simulations are carried out to compare with the results from literature. It is found that simulation results are well agreed with experimental data in literature. The simulation results prove that the velocity gradient at metal injection point plays a major role in chemical phosphorus removal. When velocity gradient is 20 1/s, Al corresponding of molar ratio of 4.7 has to be injected to raw sewage to have 0.2 mg/L of effluent PO4-P concentrations. However, when velocity gradient is 200 1/s, Al corresponding of molar ratio of 2.4 is required to have same effluent PO4-P concentration.

In normal cells, cell to cell contact at full cell confluency inhibits cell growth. However, if cell to cell contact is being dissociated, normal cells reach their end of life by the phagocytosis of macrophage via 'programmed cell death', named 'apoptosis'. On the other hand, in cancer cells (especially, cancer stem cells), cell to cell contact can not inhibit cell growth. As a result, cancer stem cells can grow beyond full cell confluency. When cancer cells reach full cell confluency, they either stay at confluence stage or must be made transition from epithelial to mesenchymal form by cadherin switch(antiapoptotic program). These behavioral patterns of cancer stem cells are called "EMT"[2,20]. The underlying causes for such difference have not been known well until now. But this difference is assumed to be occurred by loss of cellular differentiation and coordination of proliferation[5]. As approaching the reason of such disorders with mechano-molecular biology, it was predicted using a mechanobiological model that if cellular unbalanced force is caused between cell to ECM and cell to cell adhesion, the molecular crosstalk is disintegrated between E-cadherin and EGFR Signaling Networks in cell to cell contacts and the attributes such as morphological change of cancer cells, motility, invasion, anticancer drug resistance, etc are acquired, and they were established by experimental method[5]. This study is to report the research results for an idea that the neural network development is a meaningful method of prediction system on cancer behavior patterns through such methods.

The low use of e-vehicles in Yogyakarta City and Pekanbaru City is an essential issue for local governments to maximize e-government policies in both regions. The purpose of this research is to analyze people’s attitudes and factors influencing the community of e-Samsat (e-Vehicle tax) users in developing the UMEGA theory, namely technology and government trust. This is a quantitative research based on the philosophy of positivism, which is used to examine populations and individual samples. Data were collected using research instruments and quantitatively analyzed. Furthermore, the hypothesis of the obtained data was tested using SEM-PLS. The results showed that social influence does not affect attitudes of e-Samsat (e-Vehicle tax) users. Furthermore, the study showed that the development of umega theory by adding variables of trust in technology and government affects people’s behavior in using e-Samsat services.

South Korea's territory is approximately 62% forested, and urban residential development near mountainous areas has become inevitable. However, localized heavy rainfall from climate change and increased forest destruction have led to a rise in sediment-related disasters in urban mountainous regions. To prevent such disasters, the Korea Forest Service developed a landslide hazard map, but it tends to overestimate risks on steep slopes, showing limitations in accurately predicting landslide occurrences. This study focuses on the Bangbae-dong area in Seoul, where debris flow damage occurred in August 2022. Using a digital terrain model, SINMAP, an infinite slope stability analysis method, was applied to predict landslide-prone areas. Subsequently, FLO-2D, a two-dimensional numerical model, was used to analyze debris flow behavior at locations identified as hazardous by SINMAP. The results classified the area as a slope-type debris flow region, with strong agreement between predicted hazard areas and actual debris flow events. Additionally, it was found that installing debris flow barriers at the affected sites could effectively block debris flows without overflow.

본 연구는 인공지능(AI) 디바이스가 차세대 정보통신기술(ICT)의 핵심 플랫폼으로 급부상하고 있고, 소비자들 의 일상에 널리 적용되고 있는 인공지능 디바이스를 통해 소비자의 사용행태 및 사용자 경험에 대해 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 AI 디바이스 사용 경험이 있는 국내 소비자 600명을 대상으로 AI 디바이스의 속성 인식과 사용행태를 도출하였 다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 다양한 속성 중 음악청취를 가장 많이 이용하였고, 날씨 정보제공과 같은 단순한 기능을 유용하게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, AI 디바이스 사용자의 주요 사용기기는 AI 스피커, 스마트폰, PC, 노트북 등으로 확인되었다. 셋째, AI 디바이스에 대한 연상 이미지는 재미있는, 유용한, 신기한, 똑똑한, 혁신적인, 친근 한 순으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 AI 디바이스의 특성을 반영한 사용 행태를 분석함으로써 향후 AI 디바이스를 활용한 사용자의 서비스 제공에 기여할 수 있다는 실무적 시사점을 갖는다.

Artificial intelligence (AI) devices are rapidly emerging as a core platform of next-generation information and communication technology (ICT), this study investigated consumer usage behavior and user experience through AI devices that are widely applied to consumers' daily lives. To this end, data was collected from 600 consumers with experience in using AI devices were derived to recognize the attributes and behavior of AI devices. The analysis results are as follows. First, music listening was the most used among various attributes and it was found that simple functions such as providing weather information were usefully recognized. Second, the main devices used by AI device users were identified as AI speakers, smartphone, PC and laptops. Third, associative images of AI devices appeared in the order of fun, useful, novel, smart, innovative, and friendly. Therefore, practical implications are suggested to contribute to provision of user services using AI devices in the future by analyzing usage behaviors that reflect the characteristics of AI devices.

본 연구는 자연물을 통한 미술놀이가 유아의 친사회적 행동에 어떠한 효과를 미치는지 알아 보는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 기간은 2021년 6월 10일부터 8월 5일까지이며 연구대상은 경기도 Y시에 소재한 I어린이 집의 만3세 유아 30명을 대상으로 실시하였으며 실험집단에는 자연물을 통한 미술놀이를, 비교집단에는 누리과정 에 따른 미술놀이를 실시하였다. 자료분석은 자연물을 통한 미술놀이가 유아의 친사회적 행동에 미치는 효과를 살 펴보기 위해 SPSS 26.0 통계 프로그램을 사용하였고, 실험집단과 비교집단 유아들의 친사회적 행동 검사 자료에 대한 정규성을 살펴보기 위해 콜모고로프-스미르노프 방법 및 독립표본 t 검정을, 자연물을 통한 미술놀이가 유아 의 친사회적 행동에 미치는 효과를 살펴보기 위하여 실험집단과 비교집단의 사전 검사를 공변인으로 결과를 통제 하여 ANCOVA를 실시하였다. 이상의 통계검증은 유의수준 =.05에서 실시하였다. 그 결과, 자연물을 통한 미술놀 이를 한 집단이 친사회적 행동에 유의미하게 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 자연물을 통한 미술놀이가 유아의 친사회적 행동을 향상시키는 데 효과가 있음을 검증하였고 이를 통해 자연물의 놀이적 가치와 유아의 친 사회적 행동 등 유아교육현장에서의 다양한 교수학습방법임을 시사한다고 하겠다.

The purpose of this study is to find out how art play through natural objects affects the prosocial behavior of infants. The period of this study was from June 10 to August 5, 2021, and the subject of the study was 30 3-year-old infants at I daycare center in Y-si, Gyeonggi-do, and art play through nature was conducted in the experimental group and art play according to the Nuri process in the comparative group. The SPSS 26.0 statistical program was used to examine the effect of art play on prosocial behavior of infants through natural objects, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov method and independent sample t test were conducted to examine the normality of the prosocial behavior of infants in experimental and comparative groups. The above statistical verification is significant level =.It was conducted at 05. As a result, it was found that the group that played art through natural objects had a significant and significant influence on prosocial behavior. This verified that art play through natural objects is effective in improving the prosocial behavior of infants, and through this, it suggests that it is a variety of teaching and learning methods in the early childhood education field, such as the play value of natural objects and the prosocial behavior of infants.

Purpose: Exploring the variables that predict teachers' intent when referring students to mental health professionals is important. The Theory of Planned Behavio (TPB) is a theory of predicting people's intentions of performing a particular behavior; the intent to perform a certain behavior is determined by three factors. (1) attitudes toward the behavior, (2) subjective norms, and (3) perceived control. This study aimed to develop a TPB measurement to investigate what variables predict the intentions of teacher’s referral behaviors. Methods: A qualitative study following standardized manuals and guidelines for developing a TPB measurement was used. As a qualitative research method, the Consensual Qualitative Research-Modified (CQR-M) was used. According to the findings from the qualitative study, the quantitative measurement to assess teachers’ referral intention, attitude, subjective norm, and behavioral control was developed. Results: The reliability and validity of the newly developed measurement were tested and verified. Conclusion: The newly developed measurement would contribute to a future empirical study that will examine predictors of teachers' referral intention.

Inappropriate adolescent health behavior can be influenced by the negative impact of physical and mental health promotion. Obesity influences subjective improper weight perception. This study aimed to verify Korean normal-weight adolescents’ subjective experience of weight control, mental health, physical activity, and subjective status based on their body mass index (BMI). As a result, efforts to control weight appeared less in normal-weight boys. Thin girls were less likely to carry out 60 min of physical activity 7 or 5 days per a week. Obese boys were less likely to carry out vigorous physical activity 3 days per a week. Normal- weight girls were less likely to practice muscular strength training 3 days per a week. Thin boys and thing girls were less likely to practice regular physical activity, and less likely to practice at the rate stipulated in the sedentary behavior guideline. In conclusion, boys and girls with inappropriate weight perception reported feeling stressed and depressed, and reported subjective sleep fulfillment, perceived subjective happiness, and perceived subjective health.

In their role as stewards of organizational information technology (IT), IT managers participate in crisis management activities. While much has been said about the power of technology in improving preparation for emergencies, the behavior of IT managers in crisis situations is not well understood. This paper addresses IT manager actions during the crisis response effort, when appropriate actions need to be taken at short notice. Recognizing that few guidelines exist for IT managers in these situations, we use recommendations from the crisis management literature in analyzing five earthquake cases from Japan and Taiwan. We identify several recommendations from this set for IT managers, which are related mainly to communications and leadership behaviors, suggesting that the IT manager role is a vital one in crisis response. The research additionally shows that recommendations from the crisis management literature have value also when applied to IT managers. Finally, we conclude on several ways that our understanding of IT manager crisis response could be developed by future research.

Brain tumor is a very terrible disease. Brain tumor is caused by an increased number of cells. The presence of the skull layer around the brain makes it tough in studying the behavior of growth cells. It also raises the complication for the identification of disease. The initial discovery of a brain tumor is necessary to defend the survival of patients. Frequently, the brain cancer segmentation, and classification through the MRI images technique. Though, the radiologists are not providing actual visualization of brain cells in MRI images due to the irregular growth of cells, which forms of cells are growing rapidly and slow at some stage in brain tumors in the brain. So, automatic strategies are required to evaluate thoughts tumors exactly from MRI images in this research automatic, MRI brain tumors are used for classification, segmentation, and Behavior analysis of cell growth. The problem of visualization of cell growth and behavior analysis of brain cells is solved through MRI images which enhance the detection of cancer. To analyze the behavior of cell growth, which forms of cells are growing rapidly and slow at some stage in brain tumors, and analyze the area of images in which type of cells is affected. Single models are less efficient. We will use ensemble models which would also be helpful for better performance and accuracy.