Earticle

Remote sensing image fusion plays a crucial role in enhancing image information. However, the limitations of existing fusion technologies in terms of computational resources and storage capacity make real-time processing difficult. Therefore, a lightweight fusion method based on knowledge distillation is proposed for vehicle remote sensing image fusion. The knowledge distillation technology is used to transfer the complex teacher model knowledge to the lightweight student model, which realizes the significant reduction of model complexity while maintaining high fusion accuracy. Experimental results show that the proposed method performs well on DroneVehicle dataset and the model weight is only 0.641M. 2025 The Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences. Publishing Services by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Objective: To evaluate the effect of remote health interventions on self-management of hypertension. Methods: We systematically searched the literature for studies published in English in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China NationalKnowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The database was used to search for relevantstudies with full text and evaluate the remote health interventions for hypertension self-management versus usual care for hypertension. RevMan 5.4 was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 19 studies eventually met our inclusion criteria. The results showed that the remote health interventions groupcould significantly reduce the levels of SBP (MD=5.67, 95% CI=4.12-7.22, p<.001) and DBP (MD=1.88, 95% CI=1.16- 2.60, p<.001),compared with usual care group, it also significantly improving the patient's quality of life (SMD=0.84, 95% CI=0.32- 1.37, p=.002),reduce waist circumference (MD=2.39, 95% CI=0.35-4.44, p=.020) and BMI (MD=0.49, 95% CI=0.06-0.91, p=.020), and significantlyincreasing the physical activity of patients (SMD=0.19, 95% CI=0.06- 0.31, p=.004). No obvious publication bias was found in thismeta-analysis. Conclusion: This study showed that remote health interventions for self-management can significantly improve patients’ quality of lifewith hypertension and better BP control than usual care. Further studies could be assess the long-term clinical effectiveness and economicevaluation of remote health interventions for self-management. Keywords: Health; Self-Management; Hypertension; Meta-Analysis

Purpose: Sedentary office workers lack physical activity and have a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study attempted to develop a remote physical activity improvement program for sedentary office workers and verify its effectiveness by applying it to male workers in their 30s and 40s with MetS. Methods: This study used a randomized control group pretest-posttest design, and the study sample was 75 male workers recruited from an information and technology company. They were randomly assigned to either the intervention (n = 38) or control (n = 37) group. The remote physical activity improvement program was constructed based on the self-regulation theory emphasizing autonomy, and was conducted through non-face-to-face Zoom once a week for a total of 12 weeks. Health education, exercise training, small group meetings, and individual counseling were provided, and tailored text messages were sent to participants every day to encourage them to reflect on their lifestyle and practice exercise. Results: The remote physical activity program significantly increased basic psychological needs (Z = -7.55, p < .001), intrinsic motivation (Z = -6.94, p < .001), health promotion behavior, (Z = -6.63, p < .001), and physical and physiological indicators (p < .05) in the intervention group compared to those in the control group. Conclusions: In managing MetS among office workers, it was found that remote education using the Zoom platform was effective, even during the coronavirus pandemic. As a strategy for health education in the workplace, remote education content needs to be developed and applied.

We analyze a remote sensing system in the Internet of things, where uncoordinated nodes send status updates to a common receiver to achieve information freshness, quantified through age of information. We consider a finite horizon scheduling over a random multiple access channel, where colliding messages are lost. We show that nodes must adopt a further randomization to deviate from identical schedules and escape collision deadlocks. Moreover, we discuss the impact of feedback availability if, due to, e.g., energy expenditure, it decreases the number of transmission opportunities.

While much has been studied about the positive and negative effects of discretionary remote work as an alternative work arrangement, little has been written about in the context of mandated remote work. The COVID-19 pandemic forced many organizations to impose remote work as a new mode of working arrangements. This abrupt change yielded positive and negative physical, social, and psychological outcomes. Drawing from the job demand and resource model and self-determination theory, this study examines the effects of professional isolation on organizational citizenship behavior, proposing the sequential mediation of psychological empowerment and affective organizational commitment as intrinsic motivators. An online survey was conducted. A total of 162 full-time remote workers (56 male (34.6%), 106 female (65.4%)) in Korea were analyzed. This study revealed that psychological empowerment and affective commitment fully mediate the relationship between professional isolation and organizational citizenship behavior. Contrary to expectation, however, the relationship between professional isolation and organization was found to be nonsignificant. Implications for practice, theory, and future research are discussed.

At Cataract Creek, situated about 15 km north of Wollongong, NSW Australia, a small transient electromagnetic (TEM) profile anomaly over conductive cindered coal is totally obscured by 50 Hz noise measured at stations near power lines. A remote noise prediction filter (RNPF) based on simple scaling and phase correction of the remote noise to match the local noise was tested. A profile anomaly obscured by 50 Hz noise can be recovered with the application of this filter. The remote reference filter is not affected by changes of noise frequency or amplitude, since the changes are monitored by simultaneous measurements at the remote receiver and can be allowed for during the noise filtering process.

Purpose: This study analyzed the retention factors of Korean community health practitioners who sustained over 20 years based on a multi-dimensional framework. This study suggests global implications for nurses working in rural or remote areas, even during a worldwide pandemic. Methods: The participants were 16 Korean community health practitioners who worked in rural or remote locations for over 20 years. This study identified nurses' key retention factors contributing to long service in rural and remote areas. This is a qualitative study based on the narrative method and analysis was conducted using grounded theory. A semi-structured questionnaire was conducted based on the following: the life flow of the participants' first experience, episodes during the work experience, and reflections on the past 20 years. Results: First, personal 'financial needs' and 'callings' were motivation-related causal conditions. The adaptation of environment-work-community was the contextual condition leading to intervening conditions, building coping strategies by encountering a lifetime crisis. The consequences of 'transition' and 'maturation' naturally occurred with chronological changes. The unique factors were related to the 'external changes' in the Korean primary health system, which improved the participants' social status and welfare. Conclusion: Considering multi-dimensional retention factors was critical, including chronological (i.e., historical changes) and external factors (i.e., healthcare systems), to be supportive synchronously for rural nurses. Without this, the individuals working in the rural areas could be victimized by insecurity and self-commitment. Furthermore, considering the global pandemic, the retention of nurses is crucial to prevent the severity of isolation in rural and remote areas.

.

Hyperspectral unmixing (HU) is crucial for extracting material information from hyperspectral images (HSI) obtained through remote sensing. Although linear unmixing methods are widely used due to their simplicity, they only address linear mixing effects. Nonlinear mixing models, while more complex, often focus solely on the nonlinear aspects affecting individual pixels. However, in practice, light reflected from materials within a pixel experiences linear and nonlinear interactions, necessitating a hybrid mixing model (HMM) that leverages spatial and spectral information. This work proposes a novel deep learning-based autoencoder (AE) with dual-stream decoders to enhance spectral unmixing. Our approach employs multitask learning (MTL) to process spatial and spectral information concurrently. Specifically, one decoder stream performs linear unmixing from HSI patches, while the other stream utilizes fully connected layers to capture and model the nonlinear interactions within the data. By integrating linear and nonlinear information, our method improves the accuracy of unmixing the mixed spectrum. We validate the effectiveness of our architecture on three real-world HSI datasets and compare its performance against various baseline methods. Experimental results consistently demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing methods, as evidenced by superior spectral angle distance (SAD) and mean squared error (MSE) metrics.

모든 드론 조종자는 드론의 안전한 비행을 위해 다양한 비행 규칙과 규정을 준수 해야 한다. 최근 불법 드론으로 인한 피해를 살펴보면 매우 심각한 단계에 이르렀으 며, 더 큰 문제는 여전히 지속되고 있다는 것이다. 불법 드론을 예방하기 위한 기존 연구는 드론 조종사의 불법 운항을 방지하기 위한 항공 보안 문화 조성, 조종자 자 격 및 비행 절차 개선, 불법 드론 예방을 위한 공동 캠페인 홍보 강화, 그리고 드론 방어 기술 개발 등을 주로 이루었으나, 이러한 기존 방식의 불법 드론 예방 조치는 더 이상 효과를 발휘할 수 없다는 결론이 도출되었다. 또한, 초경량 비행장치 사업 자 또는 조종자에게만 적용되는 현행 규제 정책에도 문제점이 있다. 이에 본 연구에 서는 미국 등 주요 항공 선진국에서 도입하는 불법 드론을 예방하기 위해 드론 자 체의 항공 보안을 강화하는 방안으로 원격 식별(Remote ID) 개념을 검토하고, FAA, EASA, 일본의 원격 식별 시스템과 비교 연구를 수행하였다. 드론 원격 식별 시스템 도입은 체계적인 드론 관리, 사고 발생 시 소유주 식별, 사고 원인 규명, 비행 금지 지역의 불법 비행 등 항공 안전 및 보안 강화의 계기가 될 것으로 기대된다. 마지막 으로, 불법 드론을 방지하기 위한 근본적인 대책으로 원격 식별 시스템 도입을 위한 법률 제정을 제안하고자 한다.

All drone pilots must comply with various flight rules and regulations for the safe flight of drones. Looking at the recent damage caused by illegal drones, it has reached a very serious stage, and the bigger problem is that it still persists. Therefore, research to prevent existing illegal drones includes promoting the aviation security culture to prevent illegal operation of drone pilots, improving pilot qualifications and flight procedures, strengthening joint campaign publicity to prevent illegal drone, and anti-drone defense technology, but it was determined that these existing measures to prevent illegal drones could no longer be effective. In addition, there is a problem with the current regulatory policy that applies only to ultra-lightweight aircraft users or pilots. Therefore, in this study, the concept of remote identification (Remote ID) was examined as a way to strengthen aviation security for drones itself to prevent illegal drones introduced by major aviation advanced countries such as the United States, and a comparative study was conducted on the remote ID systems of the FAA, EASA, and Japan. The introduction of the drone remote ID system is expected to serve as an opportunity to strengthen aviation safety and security, including systematic drone management, identification of owners in the event of an accident, investigation of the cause of the accident, and Illegal flights in no-fly zones, etc. Finally, as a fundamental measure to prevent illegal drones, I would like to propose legislation to introduce a remote ID system for unmanned aircraft.

세계는 급속한 IT 기술의 발달과 생명공학의 발달로 인간 수명이 급격하게 연장되어 노령화가 사회문제가 되는 시대에 살고 있다. 이러한 노령화 문제는 제조공장 또는 물류창고의 물류운송공장에서의 인력을 대신할 수 있는 무인운반 차가 대체로 옮겨지고 있다. 이러한 무인운반차 사용의 증가세는 매년 큰 폭으로 상승하고 있으며, 스마트공장 내에서만 사용하던 무인운반차는 항만의 거대한 컨테이너를 운반할 수 있는 컨테이너 운반용으로 변모하고 있어 실내에서 실외로 그 활용성을 더욱 확장하고 있다. 이렇게 활용도가 증가하고 있는 무인운반차의 중요도가 높아짐에 따라 이를 제어하는 RCS(Remote Control System)의 중요성도 역시 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 무인운반차 RCS의 품질평가체제의 확립을 위해 다양하게 발전하고 있는 무인운반차의 특성과 기술동향 그리고 무인운반차 RCS의 기술적 특징을 조사 분석하여 이를 바탕으로 무인운반차 RCS의 신뢰확보를 위해 국제품질평가 표준인 ISO/IEC 25000 시리즈를 참조하여 기능적합성과 사용 성의 평가항목을 도출하고, 도출된 기능접합성과 사용성의 평가항목을 통해 평가모델을 개발하고자 한다.

With rapid development of IT technology and biotechnology, human lifespan is extended rapidly, and we are living in the era where aging becomes the social issue. Due to this aging problem, manpower is mainly replaced by Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV) in manufacturing factories or warehouse logistics transportation. Rate of AGV use increases sharply every year. AGVs, which were used only in Smart Factories, extends its usage into indoor and outdoor operation by changing their usages to container transportation that can carry huge containers in the harbor. With the expansion of AGVs usage, the importance of RCS (Remote Control System) is also increased. In this study, we surveyed and analyzed the characteristics and technology trends of technical features of AGV's RCS that are developing in various ways to establish quality evaluation system of AGV RCS. Based on this, and by referring to international quality assessment standards, ISO/IEC 25000 series, we derived evaluation items on functional suitability and usability to secure reliability of AGV RCS. Also, it is our intention to develop evaluation model using those derived usability and reliability evaluation items.

Japan introduced the remote access investigation in 2011 to provide for necessary domestic legislation in adopting the Convention on Cybercrime. Since the remote access investigation is supposed to be conducted at the exact moment of search and seizure, it is unclear whether the same investigation may be conducted later. Additionally, if the subjects of this investigation are present in foreign countries, it is also unclear whether law enforcement may remotely access those subjects without permission of the given countries, or whether courts may allow evidence seized by such investigation. Therefore, this article discusses the remote access investigation and recent judgments related to these issues.

Considering the COVID-19 crisis and the sudden shift from face-to-face classes to online ones, universities had to initiate a new phase of educating learners using online platforms, known as ERT (Emergency Remote Teaching). This study aims to uncover the challenges EFL instructors, their learners, and university administrations encountered during ERT through conducting a qualitative case study. Accordingly, twenty-two learners, six instructors, and two administrative staff members who faced difficulties with online instruction during ERT at Alzahra University participated in this research by invitation. The participants were semi-structurally interviewed through social networking platforms (WhatsApp and Telegram) as well as telephone conversations. Subsequently, the collected data were manually coded and subjected to thematic analysis. The study's findings revealed that the inadequate infrastructure of the university, the lack of technical knowledge among learners and professors, unsuitable online materials, absence of training workshops, evaluation challenges, inadequacies of Adobe Connect (the chosen video conferencing platform for Alzahra University's online classes), lack of interaction among learners, overcrowded heterogeneous classes, suboptimal learning environments, and internet connectivity issues were the most significant challenges faced by language learners and instructors during ERT. Additionally, the study identified that the primary challenge for the online department authorities during ERT was addressing instructors' and learners’ problems throughout the semester and conducting online exams at the conclusion of the course.

نارحب ھب ھجوت ابCOVID-19 سلاک زا یناھگان رییغت وسلاک ھب یروضح یاھهاگشناد ،طخ رب یاھ دندش روبجم اھرف شزومآ زا یدیدج ھلحرمتلپ زا هدافتسا اب ار ناریگامرف مان ھب طخ رب یاھERT (یرارطضا رود هار زا سیردت) ھب نیا فدھ .دننک زاغآ تعرسقیقحت شلاچ فشک رد هاگشناد تیریدم و اھنآ ناریگارف ،یسیلگنا نابز ناسردم ھک تسا ییاھ لوطERT نآ ابهدش ھجاوم اھدنا قیرط زا ،یفیک یدروم ھعلاطم کی ماجنا دشاب یم زا رفن ود و تسیب ،ساسا نیا رب .م شش ،ناریگارفسرد هرود رد ھک یرادا نانکراک زا رفن ود وERT در دانشگاه الزھرا با مشکل آموزش بر خط مواجھ بودند، با دعوت در این پژوھش شرکت کردند. یراتخاس ھمین تروص ھب ینفلت تاملاکم نینچمھ و (مارگلت و پا ستاو) یعامتجا یاھ ھکبش قیرط زا ناگدننک تکرش یتسد تروص ھب هدش یروآ عمج یاھ هداد سپس .دندش ھبحاصمیراذگ دک لیلحت و ھیزجت دروم و هدش رارق یعوضومھتفای .دنتفرگتخاسریز ھک داد ناشن ھعلاطم نیا یاھ ،دیتاسا و ناریگارف نیب رد ینف شناد دوبمک ،هاگشناد بسانمان یاھهاگراک یرازگرب مدع ،بسانمان طخ رب بلاطمشلاچ ،یشزومآ یاھییاسران ،یبایزرا یاھ یاھAdobe Connect ک یارب یباختنا سنارفنک وئدیو مرفتلپ)سلا یاھ سلاک ،نازومآ نابز نیب لماعت نادقف ،(ارھزلا هاگشناد طخ رب یاھ دندوب ییاھ شلاچ نیرت مھم تنرتنیا ھکبش ھب لاصتا ھب طوبرم لئاسم و ،بسانمان یشزومآ یاھ طیحم ،نوگمھان تیعمجرپ لوط رد ناسردم و نازومآ نابز ھکERT با آن مواجھ بودند. شن ھعلاطم نیا ،نیا رب هولاع یلصا شلاچ ھک داد نایلوؤسمن شخبطخ رب لوط ردERT رسیدگیفراگیران در طول ترم و برگزاری امتحانات آنلاین در پایان دوره می باشد.

Mechanized timber harvesting operations often cause soil disturbance, such as compaction and rutting. The extent of soil disturbance is highly dependent on environmental factors and operation methods. As soil disturbance has a long-term impact on forest productivity, it is critical to assess its effects. The objective of this study was to investigate soil surface deformation caused by forest machinery traffic in a steep slope clear-cut area and to compare manual methods with remote sensing. Following the timber harvesting operation design, we established the experimental treatments representing the number and direction of forest machinery passes (1D, 1-downward; 1U, 1-upward; 3R, 3-round-trip; 5R, 5-round-trip). Soil rut depth and cross-section were manually measured using pinboard and estimated by mobile LiDAR system (MLS) and unmanned aerial vehicle structure from motion algorithm (UAV SfM). There was a significant difference in soil rut depth based on the number of passes (p = 0.00), while no significant difference based on the direction of passes. Rut depth in 1D (22.2cm) was significantly higher than 3R (15.7cm), with no significant differences among 1D, 1U (20.0cm), and 5R (19.6cm) or among 3R, 1U, and 5R. These findings suggest that most soil disturbance occurs during the initial passes of forest machinery. The comparison of pinboard and MLS data revealed a significant relationship (R2 = 0.74, slope = 1.00, p = 0.00). Comparing pinboard and UAV SfM data, we found that MLS is more accurate than UAV SfM in assessing soil surface deformation (R2 = 0.60, slope = 0.81, p = 0.00). The results reveal the need to establish optimized driving routes for forest machinery to minimize soil disturbance and suggest the potential of using MLS and UAV SfM for future soil disturbance assessments.

도로 주행에서는 기하구조나, 일기, 야간 등 여러 가지 조건에 따라 교통사고가 빈번히 발생된다. 본 연구는 교통사고가 빈번히 발생되는 위험구간에 안전표시등을 설치하고, 이를 상시 모니터링하 여 자동 제어할 수 있는 원격모니터링시스템을 개발하였다. 시스템은 윈도우 기반으로 무선통신과 연결하여 운용하고, 지역제어기와 도로교통 안전표시등을 원격 제어하여 실시간 중계되도록 GIS 기법을 적용하여 개발함으로써 시스템 운용상태를 분석하였다. 현장에 설치된 안전표시등의 배터리 와 솔라셀의 운용상태를 분석한 결과 평상시는 잘 운용되다가 겨울철에는 낮은 기온으로 10∼20% 의 성능이 저하되는 것으로 나타나 발전용량을 늘리거나 전력소비를 줄여 운용해야 하는 것으로 분석되었다.

While driving on the road, traffic accidents occur frequently affected by various conditions such as road geometry, weather and nighttime. This study installed safety indicators in the danger zones where frequent traffic accidents occur and developed a remote monitoring system enabling automatic control at all times. The system is connected to wireless communication based on window OS and relayed in real time by remote control of the local controller and road traffic safety indicator, and the operational status of the system was analyzed using GIS technique. According to the results of analysis of the operational status of battery and solar cell in safety indicator installed in the field, it was found to operate well during normal condition but the performance was reduced by 10~20% during winter time due to the low temperature. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to expand power generation capacity or reduce power consumption.