Earticle

최근 드론ㆍ사이버 공격 등 새로운 유형의 위협이 증가함에 따라 국가중요시설 보안 체계의 구조적 전환 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 공항은 국가보안시설이자 다중이용시설임에도 불구하고, 국내 보안 체계는 운영 단계 중심의 사후적 대응에 의존하여 설계ㆍ시공 단계에서 보안이 충분히 반영되지 못하는 한계를 보이고 있다. 본 연구는 공항 건설 단계에서의 보안설계 및 보안감리 제도 도입 필요성을 중심으로 국내 법ㆍ제도의 구조적 공백을 분석하고 주요국 사례를 비교 검토하였다. 분석 결과, 공항 보안은 설계ㆍ시공 단계부터 보안 요구사항을 반영하는 사전 예방적 체계로의 전환이 필요함을 확인하였다. 이에 따라 전문 보안감리자 지정, 설계 단계 보안요소 반영, 다영역 보안 대응 체계 구축 등 정책적 개선 방향을 제시한다.

As emerging threats such as drone intrusions and cyberattacks continue to intensify, there is growing recognition of the need for a structural transformation in the security frameworks governing national critical infrastructure. Airports function simultaneously as critical national assets and high-density public facilities; any security failure may carry far-reaching consequences for national security and public safety. Despite this dual significance, the current airport security framework in Korea remains predominantly reactive, with security measures concentrated in the operational phase and insufficiently embedded into the design and construction stages. This study investigates the necessity of embedding security into airport design and construction through the introduction of dedicated security supervision systems. It analyzes structural gaps and institutional deficiencies within Korea's existing legal framework and conducts a comparative review of security-by-design approaches adopted in major jurisdictions, including the United States, Israel, the European Union, and Singapore. The findings indicate that a fundamental shift is required—away from post-operational security management and toward a preventive framework in which security requirements are systematically integrated from the earliest stages of airport development. To support this transition, the study proposes a set of policy measures, including the statutory designation of qualified security supervisors, mandatory incorporation of core security elements in architectural design documents, expansion of security scope to encompass multi-domain threats (physical, cyber, and unmanned systems), and establishment of a professional certification and training system for security design practitioners. These proposals are expected to advance airport security from a reactive to a proactive and preventive model, while ensuring greater alignment with international standards such as ICAO Annex 17 and Doc 8973.

Most of business activities are performed on the basis of information assets in cyberspace. However, assets are exposed to threats that cause information security incidents. In order to cope with increasing security incidents, companies has invested to information security measures such as policies and procedures, access control mechanisms, anti-virus software, encryption, digital signatures, monitoring and analysis tools, backup copies of information, and security awareness and training programs. Nonetheless, security incidents have significantly increased. The objective of this paper is to investigate the relationship between information security measures and security incidents that decrease production efficiency. For this purpose, this study analyzes a survey data from finance and insurance companies by using negative binomial regression model. Our results could be utilized to establish a guideline about which security measures should be improved to reduce security incident.

일반적 사전적 의미에 의하면, 경호는 “경계하고 보호함”을 뜻하는 것으로, 이는 불의의 침입이나 다양한 사건 사고로부터 경계하여 경호대상자의 신변을 보호하는 것을 의미한다.이러한 개념정의에서도 볼 수 있듯이 경호는 모두 위해행위로부터 보호하고자 하는 행위라고 할 수 있다. 경호위해행위는 본질적으로 형법상의 범죄행위의 개념 범주에서 논의되어질 수 있는 것이다. 형법상 행위를 본질로 하는 이러한 위해행위를 오늘날 주목되어지고 있는 뇌신경과학과 인지심리학에 기반을 둔 인지과학이라는 학문영역의 관점에서 재조명 해보고, 이러한 경호위해행위에 대한 분석을 과학적․예방적 사회안전 대책을 수립하기 위한 기초로서 삼고자 한다.이를 위해 먼저 범죄행위를 그 본질로 하는 경호위해행위에 대해 경호학적 관점과 형법적 관점에서 검토고자 한다. 다음으로 경호위해행위도 인간행위의 한 형태이므로 이를 인지과학적 관점에서 분석하기에 앞서 인지과학이 행위에 대해 어떻게 이해하고 있는가를 소개하고자 한다. 마지막으로 이러한 행위에 대한 인지과학적 관점에 의해 경호위해행위를 분석하면서, 과학적 안전대책 수립을 위한 인지과학적 분석의 필요성을 논하고자 한다.

According to dictionary, the meaning of protection is "guard and protect" that means protecting the Protectee's safety in case of sudden attack or various accident and Security means all protecting activity including Protectee and place where he is in or will be as comprehensively meaning of safe.As you see in the definition, Protection and security is the act to protect or will to protect from a security-threat act. A security-threat act can be discussed in the range of the concept of a criminal act in Criminal Law. A security-threat act is based on criminal act in Criminal Law, we are going to review such a security-threat act in a point of view in a sphere of learning in today's remarkable a brain-neuro science and cognitive science based on cognitive psychology, and to use an analysis on such a security-threat act to make a foundation for a establishment of the scientific preventive social security countermeasure.To do so, First of all we are going to review a security-threat act based on criminal act in Criminal Law in a point of protection police logic view. Next, we are going to introduce how cognitive science understand about act of man before we analyse a threat act as one of an act of man in cognitive science point of view. Finally, we are going to discuss the need of cognitive scientific analyse in order to establish the Scientific Preventive Social-security Countermeasure at the same time we are going to analyse a threat act in a cognitive scientific view.

다중이용시설에 테러리즘과 범죄가 증가함에 따라 효과적인 보안시스템 디자인의 필요성이 절실하게 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 흔히 전자, 기계적 보안장치의 설치로 오해되는 보안시스템 디자인의 개념을 명확히 규명하고, 주요 건축물 설계경험이 있는 설계자와 보안전문가를 대상으로 설문 및 면접조사를 통해 현재 보안시스템 디자인의 실태 및 인식을 파악하며 디자인 과정에서의 문제점을 규명하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구결과 건축가는 보안시스템 디자인에 대해 보안전문가에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 인식을 보이며 디자인 프로세스에서 보안전문가와 협력하는 것에 대해서도 덜 적극적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 건축주의 경우 보안시스템 디자인에 대해 전자, 기계적 보안장치에만 의존하는 편향되고도 제한적인 견해를 가지고 있는 것으로 나타나서, 결과적으로 그러한 건축주의 편견이 건축가가 설계과정에서 보안시스템 디자인을 통합하려는 노력을 등한시하는 원인이 되는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 해결하기 위해서는 보안시스템 디자인의 가이드라인 개발과 건축법규 등 제도적 보완노력 등이 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.

With increasing threat of terrorism and crime on the multi-use buildings, the need of designing and establishing effective security system is critical. This study was carried out to clarify the concept of security system design which is often confused with the establishment of electronic, mechanical security devices only. The study also attempted to understand the perception of architects and security consultants on the security system design and identify the problems in the design process. The result showed that architects have relatively weaker recognition on the security system design and less active in cooperating with security consultants in the design process. It was also found that clients showed distorted and limited definition of security system design which overemphasizes the role of security devices, and therefore, inhibits architects' effort to integrate the concept of security system design into the building design process. It was suggested that the continuous efforts to develop design guidelines and building codes for security system design should be achieved.

With the advance information system technologies used in the world transition to Internet Protocol version 6 has begun and will continue. However IPV6 standards are immature and are some cases still in progress. Within infrastructure control system the advantage of moving to an IPV6 networking protocol is associated with addressing the potentially large increase in the number sensors collecting data from the infrastructure system. However, although there are advantages a pressing issue of security lie beneath. The immaturity of IPV6 presents a lot of security threats which are presented in this paper and post recommendations as countermeasures.

The increasing need to improve transient security assessment of existing or forecasted operating conditions of networks by power system operators is major concern of the power system security monitoring problem at the Energy Management Systems. This paper proposes a preventive control of transient stability with generation rescheduling based on rotor trajectory index obtained using time domain simulations. This index may help power engineers in making operational decision and to obtain a generation configuration with better transient security dispatch. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is demonstrated on IEEE 39-bus New England system for a three phase fault at different loading conditions with single and multiple line outage cases.

As issues on light pollution is being raised recently, movements to prevent light pollution is being implemented by each local government, such as by enforcing the Light Pollution Act from February 2013, in order to require compliance with the light-emitting permission level of existing lighting facilities. However, despite the regulations, no specific measures on products are being prepared. Thus, this Research has designed a light shield as a measure to minimize the burden of the effectiveness and time required for development and the burden of the cost necessary to re-install existing light facilities in its entirety and reviewed the effect of the measure through the BUG ratings.

현재의 네트워크화 된 환경에서 Reverse Engineering 방지의 중요성은 높아지고 있다. 특히 Java의 경우 Reverse Engineering에 의한 위험성에 더욱 노출되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 환경에서 Reverse Engineering 방지에 대한 기존의 연구에 대하여 검토하고, Java 바이트 코드의 암호화를 통한 방어 기법으로서 동적 인스트루멘테이션을 이용한 재구성이 가능한 새로운 Java 실행 환경을 제안하였다. 이를 통하여 보다 신뢰성 있는 모바일 에이전트 환경을 구축할 수 있을 것이다.

This paper presents a method for security constrained optimal reactive power planning in electric power systems. This method deals with corrective mode optimal reactive power dispatch in each (n-1)contingency system state and determination of the location and amount of reactive sources in preventive mode. In this paper the proposed scheme uses Benders decomposition method to determine the proper amount and location of reactive support in order to maintain a proper voltage profile and minimize active power transmission losses. This method is tested on IEEE 30 bus test system to prove effectiveness.

일반적으로 출입자 정보는 보안서버에서 관리되며, 출입자가 출입카드를 카드리더에 접촉시킬 때 보안서버는 데이터베이스를 검색한 후 출입허용여부를 판단하게 된다 그런데 많은 출입자가 여러 출입문에서 동시 다발 적으로 카드리더에 출입카드를 근접시키면 정보폭주 가 야기된다. 따라서 서버의 과부화로 인해 출입 지연이 생긴다 본 논문에서는 정보폭주를 근본적으로 막을 수 있는 구역식별알고리즘을 제안하였다.

In general, security server controls information of people who usually come to building. In order to exit and entrance, while they bring Identification card into contact with card reader, server admits them into building after asks whether their informations are or not in database. However if many People want to exit and entrance in all direction. it may give rise to a serious traffic congestion. Therefore the delay is due to server's overload. In this paper, we suggested IZA(Identification Zone Algorithm) in order to prevent of traffic congestion.

유럽안보협력기구는 안보, 경제적 이익, 인권 등 회원국 상호 간 공유하는 가치와 신뢰에 기반하여 회원국들의 안보와 관여를 촉진하는 유럽 지역안보 관리의 핵심기구이다. 특히, 탈냉전 이후 소수민족 문제는 유럽의 역내 안보 질서를 위협하는 요인으로 부상했다. 이러한 시대적 변화에 대응하여 CSCE/OSCE의 전통적 안보관은 비군사 부문까지 포함하는 ‘포괄적 안보’ 전략으로 수정되었다. 본 논문에서는 OSCE의 소수민족담당고등판무관의 예방외교 활동에 주목하여, 동 기관이 국가-소수민족 간 분쟁에서 기능적 효과성에 기초한 예방외교 활동 수행에 대한 평가를 시도한다. 더 나아가 HCNM이 소수민족의 언어, 문화, 인권 보호 등 규범적 행위자로서의 역할까지 수행하는 바, 동 기관의 활동에서 파생하는 규범적 성격도 살펴본다. 이를 통해서 HCNM의 기능적, 규범적 역할이 안보와 인권 쟁점이 교차하는 유럽 외 지역의 안보 상황에도 적용가능성이 높다는 함의를 발견할 수 있다. 특히 북한인권 문제와 같은 인권-안보 딜레마가 상시 존재하는 한반도 상황을 감안했을 때, HCNM의 예방외교 활동으로부터 일정한 교훈과 경험을 얻을 수 있어 한국 정부에 주는 정책적 적실성도 높다고 본다.

The OSCE is central to managing and advancing the regional security in the European region through the engagement, based on shared commitments to security, economic interest and human rights. In particular, after the Cold-War, the CSCE/OSCE’s traditional security concept was dissolved and transitioned to the concept of comprehensive security. In this article, with a focus on the preventive diplomacy activities of the OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities, it explores the role and functions of the institution with regard to the contributions and limits to its activities in the situation of conflicts between the states and the national minorities. Furthermore, it attempts to evaluate the normative character of the HCNM as a normative actor regarding national minorities and human rights issues in the region of the Europe. In this regard, the lessons and experiences from the OSCE HCNM have the implications on managing the situation of human rights in North Korea with the security challenges on the Korean Peninsula.