Earticle

4차 산업혁명 등 환경의 급격한 변화는 중소기업에게 위기와 기회를 제공하고 있다. 정부는 중소기업지원사업의 개선과 확대에 힘쓰고 있으나 소기의 성과를 거두지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 중소기업의 역할변화에 대응하는 해외마케 팅지원사업의 효과적인 수행요인을 연구하였다. 연구는 수출지원 사업신청기업에 대한 설문조사를 기반으로 진행하였 다. 연구결과, 기업의 역량, 지원기관의 지원품질, 수행컨설턴트의 역량이 모두 지원사업의 활용도에 유의한 영향을 미 치고 지원사업의 활용도가 기업성과에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 분석되었다. 변화하는 수출환경하에서 지원사업의 성과달성을 위해서는 지원기관과 컨설턴트, 기업의 3자에 대한 역량강화가 함께 이루어져야 한다. 본 연구는 수출지원 사업의 개선에 필요한 실질적인 요인의 판단기준을 제시하고 있으며 향후 요인별 역량강화 방안에 대한 연구가 함께 이루어져야할 것이다.

Rapid changes in the environment, such as the 4th Industrial Revolution, provide crises and opportunities for SMEs. The government is trying to improve and expand the SME support project, but has not been able to achieve the desired results. This study studied the effective performance factors of overseas marketing support projects in response to changes in the role of SMEs. The research was conducted based on a survey of coporations applying for export support projects. As a result of the research, the corporate competence, the support quality from the support institution, and the consultant competency have a significant influence on the utilization of the support project. In addition, it was analyzed that the utilization of support projects has a significant effect on corporate performance. In order to achieve the performance of support projects under a changing export environment, support organizations, consultants, and coporation should strengthen their competences. This study suggests the criteria for judging the actual factors necessary for the improvement of the export support project, and studies on how to strengthen the competences of each factor should be conducted in the future.

This research examines characteristics of supporting programs for overseas exhibition which assists export of the government and measures the effect of programs on supported exhibitors' performance at ITFs. The study is to identify the multi-dimensional attributes of ITFs support programs of government. Attributes of supporting programs for ITFs reflected multiple dimensions, such as selection of export-effective ITFs, the amount of supporting money for attending ITFs, pavilion booth design and pavilion booth position at ITFs, and on-site management and post-show promotion supporting for the exhibitors. Performance variables are identified by two dimensions, including selling performance and non-selling performance. The study identified three dimensional attributes of government's supporting programs such as institution factor, policy implementation factor and booth factor. From multiple regression analyses, it is found that the institution factor and the booth factor have a positive effect on both the selling and non-selling performance of supported exhibitors, while the policy implementation factor has no positive effect on the selling or the non-selling performance. It is also found that both selling and non-selling performance have positive effect on their overall satisfaction with participating the ITFs, but only the non-selling performance has a slight positive effect on the intention of re-participation of the ITFs.

우리나라의 수출바우처 사업은 2017년부터 중소기업을 지원하고자 시작되어, 도입된 지 3년이 경과하였다. 2020년 현재 4년차에 접어들고 있지만, 영세 사업자나 수출 초보 종소기업이 사업 에 참여하기에는 신청절차와 서류가 복잡하고, 수행기관과 참여기관의 이해관계의 차이에서 오는 문제점이 발생하는 등 운영상 매끄럽지 않은 부분이 아직까지 존재하고 있다. 또한 물류비 지원 등 중소기업이 원하는 맞춤형 수출바우처 프로그램에 대한 니즈가 커지고 있으며, IoT, 바이오헬스 등 신사업에 대한 바우처 프로그램 개발이 현장에서 요구되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 2017년부터 2019년 기준까지 수출바우처 프로그램 참여하거나 인지하고 있는 경기도 안양지역의 기업을 대상으로 설문조사와 인터뷰 등을 통한 현황을 파악하고, 수 출바우처 사업의 수혜기업의 만족도 조사와 평가를 통해 운영상의 발전방안을 도출하여 경기 남부권의 경제활성화에 기여하고자 하는 것을 연구의 목적으로 한다.

Purpose : The purpose of the research is to contribute to the economic revitalization of southern Gyeonggi Province by drawing operational development measures through the satisfaction survey and evaluation of the beneficiary companies of the export voucher project. Research design, data, methodology : In this study, companies in Anyang, Gyeonggi-do Province, which participated in or recognized export voucher programs from 2017 to 2019, were surveyed and interviewed to understand the current situation, and the satisfaction survey and evaluation of the beneficiary companies of the export voucher project were conducted. Results : According to the surveys and interviews with companies in Anyang, Gyeonggi-do Province, export vouchers had difficulties such as complicated business application procedures and documents and delayed projects. In addition, as the effect of selecting the beneficiary companies for vouchers varies from project to project, efforts should be made to induce companies to participate and strengthen their capabilities by selecting customized vouchers suitable for the characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises in Anyang region.

방산수출 시 절충교역 의무의 이행 주체는 계약당사자인 수출업체이다. 하지만 구매국 정부로부터 기술이전, 산업협력, 현지투자, 훈련지원 등 업체 단독으로 이행이 불가능한 요구조건 발생 시 업체가 자체적으로 해결하기가 어렵고, 정부의 승인이 요구된다. 따라서 정부 차원의 통합지원이 필요한데, 이를 위해서는 통합지휘체계(Control Tower) 구축과 정부간 협력기반을 확대하는 등의 정부지원능력을 강화해야 한다. 또한 정부간 거래제도 활성화, 가치상계(Swap) 및 가치축적(Banking) 제도 운영, 기술료 제도 개선 등의 제도 개선이 요구되며, 기업은 절충교역 내용 보고를 의무화하고 자체적인 이행역량을 강화하는 등의 대응능력 확충이 필요하다.

In the case of exports, executions of obligations for offset trade is the exporting defense company, who is a party to the contract. However, when such impossible requirements such as technology transfer, industrial participation, local investment, and training support from purchasing govermnent occur, it is difficult for the defense industry to implement alone, so the approval from the government is required. Therefore, the integrated support from government level is required. For this purpose, we need to strengthen government support capabilities such as building an integrated command system(Control Tower) and expanding the base of cooperation between governments. Also, systematic improvement is required in such areas as the inter-governmental trading system, Swap and Banking system, and the improvement of the technology fee system. it is also necessary for the defense industry to summit the obligatory report of off-trade details and to strengthen their own capabilities.

우리나라는 중소수출기업에 대한 다양한 수출지원을 시행하고 있다. 그러나 중소수출기업의 수출은 기대만큼 증가하지 못하고 대기업의 수출이 대부분을 차지한다. 이는 중소기업이차지하는 비중은 높으나 수출기여도는 낮은 것으로서 중소기업을 위한 다각적인 수출지원에도 불구하고 중소기업의 수출경쟁력은 개선되지 않은 것으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 수출지원에 대한 선행연구를 바탕으로 수출지원 제도와 활용에 대한 문제점을 도출하고 현재 시행하는 수출지원사업의 유형을 분석하고자 한다. 그리고 그러한 분석을 감안하여 수출지원 제도의 효율화 방안을 제시코자 한다. 본 연구의 결과로 기술과 자금지원은 정부의 역할로 맡기고 해외시장개척과 같은 마케팅요인은 통합된 기관이 관장하여 수행되는 것을 제시하고 있다. 이는 정부와 유관기관, 지자체와 관계없이 별도 통합된 지원기관이 수출역량을 지원하는 사업을 수행하는 것을 말한다. 이러한 기관의 주된 목적은 중소수출기업을 전담하여 전문적이고 지속적인 관리하기 위함이다.

Purpose : Our country has been implemented various export support program for small and medium firms. However, their export volume has not increased and big companies' export proportion is mainly taken. This means that export competitiveness has not still improved although multilateral export support. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to suggest the efficient management plan of export support program for small and medium exporting firms after reviewing the type of export support program. Research design, data, methodology : This paper use the literature research and expert report such as government presentation material and interagency paper in order to suggest the improvement of export support program for small and medium exporting companies. Results : In order to provide the effectiveness of export support program, this study draws three main points. The first is the concentrated selection for export increase through the radical change of export support contents. Next, the program has to be evaluated and verified for the comprehensive measurement. Finally, the integrated management of export support agency should be reached to avoid overlapped operation. Conclusions : This paper found that one integrated organization should take charge of export support program based on the overseas marketing while government deals with the issue like technical support and budget arrangement. The main purpose of this organization is to do a specialized and continuous management of export support program. Also this agency as a control tower plays role on the finding and implementation of export support program effectively.

본 연구는 중소기업의 혁신역량과 수출성과의 관계에서 수출마케팅제도 활용 수준의 조절효과를 확인하기 위하여 수행되었다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위한 연구가설은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중소기업 혁신역량은 수출성과에 영향을 미칠 것이다. 둘째, 중소기업의 혁신역량과 수출성과의 관계를 수출마케팅지원제도 활용이 조절할 것이다. 자료수집과 분석과정을 통해 도출된 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 글로벌 혁신역량과 R&D 역량, 글로벌 수출마케팅 역량, 고객역량, 제품역량, 인적 및 조직혁신역량, 재무적 역량이 중소기업 수출성과에 유의한 정적 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 변인의 구성 요인 가운데 중소기업 수출성과에 상대적으로 더 큰 영향을 미치는 요인은 글로벌 수출마케팅 역량이다. 셋째, 중소기업 혁신역량과 중소기업 수출성과의 관계에서 수출마케팅제도 활용이 조절효과를 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 중소기업의 혁신역량이 수출성과에 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 수출마케팅제도의 개입이 이를 강화하는데 주요한 조절 요인으로 작용하고 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 중소기업의 인적, 재정적 특성을 고려할 때, 혁신역량의 확보 중요성과 지원의 필요성을 보여주는 것이다. 특히, 수출마케팅제도의 조절효과 확인은 중소기업에 제공되는 자원의 효과성을 극대화하고, 중소기업의 재정적, 인적, 구조적 한계를 사회적 차원에서 제도적으로 지원하는 일이 매우 중요한 과제가 될 수 있다는 것을 시사하고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구는 중소기업의 구조적 특정을 가장 극대화할 뿐만 아니라 지속 가능한 발전을 위한 중소기업 수출마케팅지원제도의 적극적인 활성화가 반드시 선행되어야 한다는 점을 강조하였다.

This study was conducted to examine the moderating effect of export marketing system utilization on the relationship between SMEs' innovation capabilities and export performance. To achieve these objectives, the research hypotheses are as follows: First, SME innovation capabilities will influence export performance. Second, the utilization of export marketing support systems will moderate the relationship between SMEs' innovation capabilities and export performance. The key findings derived from the data collection and analysis process are as follows. First, global innovation capabilities, R&D capabilities, global export marketing capabilities, customer capabilities, product capabilities, human and organizational innovation capabilities, and financial capabilities had significant positive effects on SME export performance. Second, among the constituent variables, global export marketing capabilities had a relatively greater impact on SME export performance. Third, the utilization of export marketing systems was confirmed to have a moderating effect on the relationship between SMEs' innovation capabilities and export performance. This confirms that not only does SMEs' innovation capabilities influence export performance, but also that the intervention of export marketing support systems serves as a key moderating factor in strengthening this influence. These results demonstrate the importance of securing innovation capabilities and the need for support, considering the human and financial characteristics of SMEs. In particular, the confirmation of the moderating effect of export marketing systems suggests that maximizing the effectiveness of resources provided to SMEs and institutionally supporting them at the social level to address their financial, human, and structural limitations can be crucial tasks. From this perspective, this study emphasizes the imperative of proactively activating SME export marketing support systems to maximize the structural characteristics of SMEs and ensure sustainable development.

This paper intends to increase the performance of export support programs for small-to-medium sized firms promoted by Korea government. A research construct is suggested for effective government support program targeted on the global marketing capability. The data is collected from the firms received the support more than once by Korean governments. The results are shown as follows. First, it is found that those firms who have high propensity to be involved in export business have shown high performance. Second, the firms with high global marketing capability have shown good performance. To be more specific, organizational commitment, strategic initiative, business differentiation, and market knowledge for target markets are found to be critical factors in successful export support program. The business differentiation strategy in target market is very critical. Finally, the degree of program management effectiveness is found to be important in high performance firms. It means that for those firms, much more advanced programs need to be developed. The government should develop diversified programs by considering the degree of global marketing capability.

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the effect of the export financing support program that linked to the export initiation supporting system for SMEs on the firm performance. Based on database of SMEs provided by IBK(Industrial Bank of Korea), a pooled OLS was conducted for the period from 2016 to 2019. The results are as follows. First, financing support program was found to have a positive effect on SMEs’ export growth. Second, SMEs that receive benefits from export financing support system tend to improve their profitability (ROA, ROS, Sales growth), thereby proving the effectiveness of the export support system. Considering the importance of financial support in SMEs' overseas expansion, the results of this study are expected to be helpful for promoting SMEs’ exports and accumulating internationalization capabilities of SMEs that cannot use trade finance due to lack of export experience or cannot effectively utilize trade finance due to their low export performance.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the preference and support effect of beneficiary firms on the EAP (Export Assistance Program) of Incheon area, And to contribute to enhancement of managing EAP. To do this, we conducted a survey and empirical analysis by analyzing previous research and literature data, and verified the research hypothesis through one-way ANOVA and correlation analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, there is a difference in the preference and support effect of EAP. Second, there is a positive correlation between preference and support effect for EAP. The result of this study suggests that we can improve the support effect and satisfaction of the entire EAP by operating a consumer-oriented system focusing on the projects of EAP with high preference and support effect.