Earticle

현행 중국 혼인법은 부부재산제를 혼후소득공동재산제(婚後所得共同財産 制)와 개인특유재산제(個人特有財産制) 및 약정재산제의 3중(三重) 구조로 규정하고 있다. 중국은 유교철학에 바탕을 둔 전통국가로서 혼인 전에 부부재 산에 관해서 약정하는 것이 국민들의 정서에 반하는 일면이 있으므로 오랫동 안 활용도가 미흡한 실정이었다. 최근에 와서 중국경제의 비약적인 발전에 따 라서 부부재산이 늘어나고 게다가 이혼율이 상승하면서 개인주의적 취향에 의 해 재산관계를 처리하려는 경향이 날로 강해졌다. 부부의 재산관계는 독립된 인격체이면서도 공동체의 성격과 특징을 가지고 있다. 부부재산제는 이러한 특성을 감안해서 부부재산관계를 합리적으로 평등하게 조화시키기 위한 목적 으로부터 도입된 것이다. 본고에서는 현행 부부재산약정제도를 개괄적으로 검 토하고 그 이용실태 및 그에 대한 문제점을 살펴본 후 부부재산약정제도에 대 한 입법론을 포함한 개선방안을 제시해 보고자 한다.

In accordance with Marriage Law of the People's Republic of China, marital property system consists of community property system of postnuptial income, the system of personal peculiar property, and contractual property system. China is a traditional country based on Confucian philosophy, which indicates that premarital agreements about husband-and-wife property goes against the national mood. Therefore, for a long time, its utilization rate is not satisfactory. In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy,the property of husband and wife has been continuously increasing, coupled with the rise of divorce rate, there is a stronger individualism - oriented tendency to deal with property relations. Although the marital property relationship has the value and right of an independent individual, it also possesses the features and quality of a community. Marital property system, which takes these features into consideration, is introduced for reasonable and equal coordination of property relationship between husband and wife. This paper studies the current marital property system in a systematic way, reviews its use and existing problems, and proposes the countermeasures including the legislation theory about the marital property system.

21세기를 맞아 컴퓨터와 정보 통신 기술의 발달로 사회는 빠르게 변화하고 있으며, 기하급수적으로 증가 하는 인터넷의 사용은 교수․학습의 패러다임을 변화시키고 있다. 따라서 새로운 정보통신기술을 이용한 학교 교육 현장 및 교육방법의 변화는 불가피한 것이 되었다. 21세기의 지식정보사회에 주역으로 살아갈 학생들에게 최첨단 매체를 이용하여 폭발적으로 증가하는 정보를 효과적으로 수용할 수 있도록 하기 위해서는 정보 소양 교육뿐만 아니라 활용 교육, 더 나아가 평생학습 사회 실현을 위한 정보화 조기 교육이 무엇보다 절실히 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 ICT 활용 교육의 가장 중심에 있으면서 ICT 활용 교육을 주도해 나가는데 가장 앞 장서야 할 초등학교 교사들의 ICT 활용 능력에 대해 좀 더 구체적으로 파악해 보고 ICT 활용 교육의 실태와 문제점을 알아봄으로써 ICT 활용 교육의 개선 방안을 제시한다.

It meets 21 century and the society is quickly changing with advancement of Information and Communication Technology(ICT), the use of the Internet which increases geometrical progression is changing the paradigm of the instruction and learning. The school education site which uses a consequently new ICT and change of instructional method became to be inevitable. Uses the most up-to-date medium in the students who in the knowledge information society of 21 century will live with the leading actor and it will be able to accommodate information which increases explosively effectively in order, description below hazard only information knowledge education which stands the bay knows application education, compared to further information anger early rising education for the whole life studying social realization more earnestly what than is necessary. In this study, It examined the actual state and a problem point of ICT application ability and ICT application education of the elementary school teachers. It will reach to lead, the reporter to grope the improvement program of ICT application education it did. Keywords :ICT Utilization, ICT actual State, Learning Paradigm, etc.

본 연구는 현재 신축건물의 단열재로 비교적 많이 사용되고 있는 열반사단열재의 단열성능을 분석하여 사용실태 및 문제점을 파악하는 한편, 개발·개선된 신개념의 다층반사형단열재에 대한 유형별 단열성능 및 특성을 비교 평가하며, 이를 통하여 불연성이며 고성능의 단열성을 가진 친환경 다층반사형단열재를 개발함으로서 그린 홈, 그린 빌딩, 패시브하우스 등의 친환경 저에너지 녹색건축 활성화 대책에 부응하고자 한다.

To save energy in the building, the top priority should be proper insulation design and construction of skins. As for the research on enhancing the establishment of insulation standards and on technical development in order to minimize the energy consumption in architecture, it would be parts of primarily satisfying the demands on policy basis to realize the low carbon green growth and on sustainable development. This study is to analyze the insulating performance of Heat reflection insulator relatively widely used as insulators of new buildings now, and to grasp its use status and problems. In addition, this study is to compare and evaluate the insulating performance and properties by each type for developed and improved new conceptual multiple reflection type insulators. Through, this study is to meet the countermeasures of activating the eco-friendly low-energy green construction like green home, green building and passive house, etc. by developing eco-friendly multiple reflection type nonflammable insulators with highly efficient insulation performance.

“Youth is strong and the country is strong”. The minors shoulder the hope of the country and concern the country’s future and tomorrow. The healthy growth of minors is closely related to their own development, family harmony, and even the rise and fall of the country and society. However, juveniles have poor ability to identify and control, and some minors do not receive good family and school education. They are vulnerable to social bad habits, and they easily embark on the road of illegal crimes. At this time, they face criminal prosecution and face public powers of the state. On the one hand, they are prone to develop resistance and do not give correct guidance and help. They will seek more extreme measures to retaliate against the society; on the other hand, they are physically and mentally fragile and lack relevant The legal knowledge and social experience is a weak side in the process of criminal proceedings. The prevention of juvenile delinquency is of course very important. However, when juveniles commit crimes, they are subjectively malign and their ability to perceive and express cannot be compared with that of adults. Therefore, post-factual assistance and remedial measures are also essential. In order to enable the minors to grow up smoothly, return to society, and in order to maintain and protect the legal rights and interests of minors, it is absolutely necessary to construct and improve a criminal legal aid system for juveniles.

“少年强则国强”,未成年人肩负着国家的希望，关涉国家的未来与明天，未成年人的健康成长，与其自身发展、家庭和睦、甚至国家和社会的兴衰密切相关。但是未成年人辨认和控制能力较差，而且部分未成年人没有受到良好的家庭和学校教育，他们易受社会不良风气的影响，就容易踏上违法犯罪的道路。此时，他们面临刑事追诉，面临国家公权力，一方面，他们易生发抵触情绪，不给予正确的引导和帮助，他们会寻求更加极端的手段报复社会；另一方面，他们身心脆弱，缺乏相关的法律知识和社会经验，在刑事诉讼的过程中是弱势方。未成年人犯罪预防固然很重要，但是，未成年人实施犯罪行为时主观恶性小，其感知、表达能力不能与成年人相比，因此，事后的援助与补救措施也必不可少。为了使未成年人顺利成长，回归社会，为了维护维护未成年人的合法权益，完全必要构建完善的未成年人刑事法律援助制度。

Research on Development of Sino-ROK Trade and Existing Problems Liu Yu Since the establishment of Sino- Korean diplomatic relation, the bilateral economic cooperation has developed by leaps and bounds. However, with the ever - strengthening economic ties, some problems have emerged, such as dissymmetry in trade, market access of goods and capital, Sino- Korean FTA talks. All these have posed threats to the sustainable development of bilateral economic cooperation. If improperly handled, they may cause difficulty, frustration and even recession of bilateral relation. At the same time, new opportunities for economic integration have appeared. How to cash in on these opportunities to boost bilateral economic ties aiming at a win- win, even a multi- win target in EastAsia,requiresthewitsofleadersofthetwogovernments.

股权让与担保作为一种非典型的新型融资担保方式，既没有法律规定也没有理论界的统一定论，却在民间借贷领域逐渐发展壮大。面对相关争议问题，由于司法领域没有统一的裁判标准，司法者或者避而不谈，或者各自自由心证，导致司法实践中各个法院出现同案不同判的乱象，甚至同一法院针对股权让与担保的判决也各 不相同。因此，探讨股权让与担保的效力认定的合法性与合理性实有必要。本文在探讨股权让与担保的属性之后，将股权让与担保与相关制度进行分析比较，类推适用某些制度的优先，并结合公司人合性、封闭性、严格的程序性的特点区分股权让与担保的对内效力和对外效力。在分析股权让与担保在法律适用中尤其是公司法和破产法的适用中存在的问题后，本文旨在通过有限度地承认物权法定缓和的基础上认可股权让与担保的合法性，呼吁司法者出台相关司法解释来引导股权让与担保制度的完善和发展，平衡债权人和债务人利益，促进经济的健康有序发展。

Equity transfer guarantee is a new atypical financing guarantee model that hasbeen developing well in the private lending field without laws and conclusion of thetheoretical circle. When faced with relevant controversial issues, the judges avoided totalk about it or follow their hearts because there is no uniform standard of judgment. This leads to confusion in judicial practice, even the same court’s judges of theEquity transfer guarantee are different. Facing the varies judgments, it is essential todiscussing the legitimacy and rationality of the Equity transfer guarantee. Comparedthe Equity transfer guarantee with the relevant systems after studying the nature ofthe Equity transfer guarantee, we could learn the advantages of other systems andcombine with the Company’s characters which are harmonious among shareholders,closure and strict procedural to distinguish the internal and external effectiveness ofthe Equity transfer guarantee. After analyzing the problem of the Equity transferguarantee in application of law especially the Company law and the Bankruptcy law,We could reference The Principle of Legal Mitigation of Real Right to argument thelegitimacy of the Equity transfer guarantee and appeal the judicial person toenactment the relevant judicial interpretation, which could guide the development ofthe Equity transfer guarantee, balance the benefits of creditors and debtors andpromote sound and orderly economic development.

중국 경제의 비약적 발전에 따라 수원대학교는 본교 졸업생들의 진로를 넓히기 위하여 2015년 1학기부터 교양중국어를 선택과목에서 필수과목으로 변경했다. 전공을 막론하고 전교생들은 모두 두 단계의 중국어수업을 이수하고 통과해야 졸업자격을 가지게 된다. 지난 2 년간 진행된 중국어 교육의 결과에 따르면, 예체능 전공자들은 다른 전공에 비해 상대적으로 학습부진과 습득효과 저하의 양상을 보여왔다. 객관적 강의평가를 분석한 결과에서도 예체능학과는 교육내용과 방법, 사제 간의 상호작용, 교육효과 등 세 가지 측면에서 타 학과보다 저조한 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본고는 교양필수중국어수업을 활성화할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 예체능학과 학생들의 실질적인 수요를 조사 분석해서 효율적인 중국어교육 방안을 제시하였고, 이것이 유의미한 결과로 이어졌음을 증명하였다.

With the rapid development of Chinese economy, Suwon university has changed Chinese from optional courses to compulsory courses since the first semester of 2015, to expand the employment opportunities of the graduates. Therefore, all the students in this university are required to pass CSL1 and CSL2 exams before graduation. During the past two years of teaching, we found that the learning effects of the Art and Physical departments have been lower than other departments. Through comparing the objective teaching evaluations scores, we also found that these departments have been ranked back in the following three aspects: the contents and methods of teaching, the interaction between teachers and students, and the teaching effects. Therefore, this paper will investigate their actual needs and make effective teaching strategies to improve their Chinese learning effects.

우리나라는 1995년 6월 자치단체장 선거이후 본격적으로 시행될 지방자치시대를대비하여 1994년 12월 지방재정법(제118조의 33)을 개정하여 지방재정공시제도를도입하였으나, 형식적 공개와 주민의 무관심, 낮은 정보활용 등의 문제가 나타나자이를 개선하고자 2005년에 지방재정법을 개정하였다. 그러나 정부의 개선 노력에도 불구하고 여전히 기존에 존재했던 문제들이 해결되지 않고 시민들에 의해 재정정보가 적극적으로 활용되지 않는다는 비판이 제기되고 있다이러한 맥락에서 본 연구는 정보에의 접근성 즉 이용가능성과 이해가능성 측면에서 각 지방자치단체 재정공시 사례들을 비교분석한 후 다음과 같은 결론에 도달하였다. 즉, 지방재정정보에 대한 이해가능성과 이용가능성을 높이기 위해서는 내용 용어 공시방법에서 현행 지방재정공시제도의 시민이해도 제고방안이 마련될 필요가 있음을 발견하였다. 내용적 측면에서는 미국이나 오산시와 같이 시민친화형 재정정보공시 개요집을 마련하고, 용어적 측면에서는 용어집 마련할 필요가 있다. 공시방법측면에서는 재정정보를 인터넷에 게시하는 것뿐만 아니라 적극적으로 알리는 의미에서 리플렛 등으로 인쇄하여 주민에게 발송하도록 해야 한다.

Atfer the election of chief executives in local governments since 1995,South Korea revised local finance law to prepare the era of local autonomy. One revision of local finance law in 1995 is to make local public financial reporting(LPFR) mort sufficient, understandable, accessible. Even though such efforts of local governments, however, there are still criticisms about its sufficiency, understandablity, and accessibility. In this context, this study tried to find out problems of current local public financial reporting through the multiple comparative case studies including Seoul Metropolitan government, City of Osan, City of Gaittersburg and others. The results from the studies showed that the LPFR included a lot of professional Jargons so that ordinary citizens could not understand. this study also indicated that it was never reported to citizens with easy accessibility so that most of citizens did not know whether it was disclosed to themselves. Being based on these results, this paper suggested that the LPFR should not only be reported to citizens in a more citizen friendly way but also be mailed to citizens in order to improve its accessibility.

最近几年、根据滨海新区先行先试的政策､天津市文化产业得到了迅猛发展、其附加值每年增长30%以上。天津市文化产业发展的潜力巨大。但同时也要看到天津市文化产业的发展水平仍处于中国的中等水平、与产业战略要求相比仍有较大差距。天津市文化产业发展经历了起步、成长、快速发展和提升四个阶段、文化创意初具规模、广播影视作品精品不断、出版发行行业不断壮大、数字动漫异军突起、会展业成果逐步显现。天津文化产业发展的特点有、首先以重大项目带动产业发展、搭建文化产业发展平台。其次、以发挥滨海新区为龙头、带动其他市区文化产业的发展。第三、充分利用现代金融平台、文化产业融资实现多元化。天津市文化产业发展的优势是、首先、深厚的历史底蕴和丰富的人文资源为天津文化产业的发展奠定了坚实的基础。第二、独特的区位优势为天津发展文化产业厘清了通道。第三、经济的快速发展为天津文化产业的发展注入了原动力。第四、曲艺、民俗文化的百花齐放为天津文化产业的发展提供了原材料。第五、政策的大力扶持为天津文化产业的发展迎来了难得的机遇。第六、本地高校的大量人才的输出为天津文化产业的发展提供了强有力的人才支持。近几年来、天津文化产业发展迅猛、但同时也要看到、天津市文化产业发展的总体水平还不高、远低于支柱产业的要求: 文化体制机制不活、政事不分、事企不分的现象依然存在、统一开发、竞争有序的市场体系尚未形成、民营文化企业规模和数量较小、文化市场不够活跃；对文化资源的挖掘、整合、开发利用还不足、文化与科技、旅游、商贸结合不够紧密；文化企业普遍规模较小、产业聚集度不高、尚未形成具有较强影响的大新文化企业和产业集群；相关法规政策滞后、不能满足急速发展的文化产业需求。根据以上特点和优势、本文从政策、市场和法律的视角分析了天津文化产业发展存在的问题。首先、文化产业增加值不高、文化消费需求没有全面释放。第二、文化体制机制障碍、缺乏健全的宏观体制和长效的微观机制。第三、政策安排存在缺陷、生产和消费调控、引导不完善。第四、文化产业融资渠道不畅。第五、文化产业相关法规不完善。如何利用天津自身优势、尽可能消除一些制约性因素、借助现有文化产业业态发展模式和格局、加快天津文化产业快速发展、把天津建设成富有独特魅力和创造活力的文化强市、使天津文化竞争力走在全国前列、这是未来天津文化产业发展的目标定位。首先、制定完善≪天津市文化产业发展“十二五”规划≫、指导文化产业科学发展。其次、实施实施区域协调发展战略、重点业态优先战略、项目聚集带动战略和特色文化品牌四大发展战略。第三、合理进行空间布局。发展完善山、海、城、乡“四带多点”文化产业空间布局、开发利用区域优势资源、确定发展重点、合理布局文化产业项目。第四、加大政策和资金扶持的力度。最后、进一步深化文化体制改革。放宽民营资本的准入机制、降低民营资本准入门槛、减少审批环节、鼓励民营资本参与文化产业发展与振兴、成为市场主体。

In recent years, relying on the policy of trying first in BinHai new area, the culture industry of TianJin develops rapidly, and the growth rate of added value is more than 30% annually. The culture industry of TianJin has a huge potential. But at the same time, the level of TianJin culture industry is still in the medium level in china, and it also far from the requirement of strategic industry. The development of TianJin municipality’s culture industry has experienced four stages including breaking the ice,growing up, rapid expansion and promoting. TianJin’s culture creativity begins to take shape, new broadcast, films and television program boutiques increase more and more, publishing and issue industry go from strength to strength, cultural tourism develops favorable, digital cartoon has been a new force suddenly rising, conference and exhibition industry appears step by step. TianJin’s culture industry development characteristic as followings,first, the major projects drive industrial development and construct the industrial platform of culture industry. Second, Binhai new area leads the rest downtown’s development of culture industry. Third, modern financial platform is used to realize the diversification of culture industry finance. This article will analyze the advantages and the development situation of TianJin culture industry. The advantage of the development of TianJin’s culture industry is as followings. First, the profound history details and abundant humanity resource provide solid basis for TianJin culture industry development. Second, unique location advantage clears the passageway of TianJin culture industry development. Third, rapid expansion of economy pours into the motive power for TianJin culture industry development. Four, Prosperous Chinese folk art forms and folk cultures supply the raw and processed materials for TianJin culture industry development. Fifth,Great policy support offers the good opportunity for TianJin culture industry development. Six, a large number of talents from TianJin’s colleges and universities afford the powerful talented persons for TianJin culture industry development. In recent years, TianJin culture industry developing rapidly,but at the same time, TianJin culture industry development of the overall level is not high, far less than the requirements of the pillar industries:culture system mechanism not to live, regardless of politics, the matter business regardless of the phenomenon still exists, unified development,competitive and orderly market system has not been formed, private cultural enterprise scale and quantity is small, cultural market is not active;Cultural resources to the mining, integration, development and utilization is insufficient still, culture and science and technology, tourism, business combination is not quite close together; Cultural enterprise is smaller, the industrial aggregation level is not high, has not been formed with strong influence of the large enterprises and industry cluster culture; Relevant laws and regulations policy lag, cannot satisfy the rapid development of the cultural industry needs. On the basis of this, the article will analyze the problem of the TianJin culture industry from the aspects of policy、market and legal views. First of all, the added value of the cultural industry is not high, cultural consumption demand no full release. Second, the mechanism of system of culture barriers, it lacks a sound macro system and long-acting microscopic mechanism. Third, policy arrangement defects, the production and consumption regulation, guide not perfect. Fourth, the cultural industry financing channel impeded. Fifth, the cultural industry is not perfect relevant laws and regulations. How to make use of their own advantages in TianJin, as far as possible eliminate some conditionality factors, with the aid of the existing culture industry development may mode and structure, speed up the TianJin culture industry rapid ...

정보공개제도는 국민의 알권리를 보장하고, 정부의 투명성을 향상시키는 등 민주주의를 실현 하는 매우 중요한 제도이다. 정부도 이를 인식하고 관련 법률의 제정, 추진체계의 마련, 각종 제도의 도입 등을 통하여 꾸준한 노력을 수행하여왔다. 그러나 최근 정보공개제도는 정보공개법의 개정, 추진체계의 정비 등 많은 문제를 겪고 있어 개선이 필요한 상황이다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 정보 공개제도를 실무적 관점에서 분석하고, 그 결과에 따라 문제점과 대안을 제시하는 것이다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 관련 공무원 등 전문가를 대상으로 인터뷰조사를 실시하였다. 인터뷰 조사는 선행연구 분석결과에 기초하여 조직, 법률, 운영, 문화 등 네 가지 부문으로 구성되었다. 연구결과 정보공개위원회의 소속 변경, 정보공개법상 비공개대상정보 관련 규정의 개정, 부존재처리 관련 규정 신설, 사전정보공표 및 원문공개제도의 활성화, 정보의 품질 제고, 공무원 및 국민의 인식 제고 등의 다양한 정책이 필요한 것으로 밝혀져 이에 대한 대안을 제시하였다.

The freedom of information(FOI) system makes a significant contribution to the enhancement of people's right to know and government transparency. Accordingly, the Korean government has been making significant efforts to develop the freedom of information system. However, critics argue that the FOI system includes various kind of problems such as deficiencies in the freedom of information act(FOIA) and insufficient role of the government control tower. Thus, this research a ims to investigate existing problems in the FOI system in Korea, and attempt to develop policy a lternatives that can resolve those problems. The FOI system was analyzed based on a research framework consisting of four key dimensions such as organizations, laws, management, and culture. In order to achieve the research purpose, this study employs a qualitative method, interviews with experts in this domain. The results show that the national council for FOI should be transferred from the Ministry of Interior and Safety to the Blue House, articles regarding the classified information in the FOIA should be revised so it can handle many existing problems, and finally, key issues in management such as proactive FOI and quality of information must be handled effectively.

The aim of this article is to examine and analyse the development of Russia's foreign policy towards the Korean peninsula during the extremely transformative years of early Russia(1991-96) based on a systematic and analytic approach in order to contribute towards a better understanding of current Putin's policy towards the Korean peninsula. The appropriate way to analyse Russia's policy towards the peninsula during this period is not through any single mode of analysis, but rather through an explanation of trends and specific policy actions through several distinct stages. The multilateral approach employed here provides a more in-depth and comprehensive understanding of changes and developments in Russian policy towards the Korean peninsula during Yeltsin's first presidential term. The present article challenges many dominant assumptions regarding Russia's policy towards the peninsula and provides alternative interpretations of particular policies and events.

Since the industrial revolution, the global environmental problems such as greenhouse gas accumulation and the average temperature increase have caused people's attention. 'Low Carbon, Green Growth' was presented to cope with these global concerns, as one of main policies of 2008 in Korea. The paradigm of a green urban development is started to concern the whole city's energy problems owing to realize 'Low Carbon, Green Growth' in the urban side. The government established a nation's basic energy plan for 20 years, and some local cities made efforts to develop new renewable energy such as the solar, wind and water energy which are suitable to each city's character. As a part of these efforts, the concept of U-Eco city is newly appeared to reflect upon ubiquitous technique, urban ecology and the next generation energy system. However, urban plan is difficult to adopt this next generation energy system with existing laws, regulations and technical systems. The new executive and systematic system is needed to realize the U-Eco city U-Eco for the management of an efficient city. In this study, the authors investigate the concept of the next generation energy system and U-Eco city to realize the energy-efficient city plan and analyze problems to occur during the application of them in an existing city plan. Then, the authors show the remedies to deal with occurred problems.

공공조달계약에 있어서 국가 등은 실제로는 상대방과 사적자치의 영역인 계약관련 법령에 따라 계약을 체결하고 그 공정한 이행을 담보할 수있도록 하여야 함에도 불구하고 국가를 당사자로 하는 계약에 관한 법률 등 여러 관련 법령을 통해 발주기관에게는 일반 계약관계의 당사자와는 다른 우월적 지위가 인정되어 그 결과 일정한 계약위반행위를 한계약상대방에 대해 국가계약 등에 참여하지 못하도록 제한하는 일종의제재를 부과할 수 있는 권한을 부여하고 있는데 그것이 바로 부정당업자제재제도로서의 입찰참가자격 제한처분이다. 물론 국가 기타 공공기관과의 계약 관계에 있어서의 공정성과 적법성 확보를 위해 계약위반 상대방에 대해 어느 정도의 제재를 부과하는 것은 일응 타당하나 일반 계약관계에 비추어 볼 때 지나치게 우월한 지위를 부여하는 것은 문제가 아닐수 없다. 나아가 입찰참가자격 제한제도의 제재적 측면에만 몰입하게 되면 국가 등 공공기관이 공공조달계약의 건전성과 적법성 담보를 계약상대방에게 유도하는 측면이 도외시되어 일반 행정행위와 별반 차이가 없게 될 여지 또한 전적으로 배제할 수 없다. 이러한 이념적 측면에 부응하여 공공조달계약 관련 법령, 특히 ‘국가를당사자로 하는 계약에 관한 법률’은 기존에 학계 및 업계가 지속적으로제기해 온 문제점을 고려하여 입찰참가자격제한 사유를 재정비하고, “과징금 제도” 및 “제척기간 제도”를 도입한 것은 바람직하나 타 발주기관에기계적으로 통보하여 입찰참가자격이 제한되도록 하는 점, 입찰참가자격제한처분에 더하여 영업정지·과징금 등 행정벌 및 형사처벌이 병과되어“이중처벌적 측면”을 배제할 수는 없는 점 및 “자발적 신고자에 대한 감면제도”가 없는 점은 문제점으로 지적된다. 필자는 다년간 국방부 및 방위사업청의 공공조달계약의 민간위원으로서 적법성 및 계약이행과 관련된 심의를 담당하였던 경험을 토대로 제도개선에 관한 고민을 공유하고자 다각도의 노력을 기울이고자 하였고, 글로벌 스탠다드에 부합하는 합목적적, 효율적인 최적의 절차를 위한 입법부 및 실무자들의 의지가 절실하다고 판단하기에 이르렀고, 학문 및 이론적 측면에서의 학계의 도움도 필요하다는 생각이다. 결국 현행 부정당업자제재 제도는 “제재”라는 성격이 지나치게 강조된나머지 구체적 타당성을 고려하지 않고 운영되고 있는바, 향후에는 발주기관이 추구하고자 하는 공익과 계약상대자의 기대이익을 합리적으로 이익형량하는 방향으로 제도가 정비되어 발주기관과 계약상대자 모두 상생할 수 있는 길이 열릴 수 있기를 기대한다.

Even though public institution including central and local government when making contracts shall guarantee justice of the contract performances in public procurement contract area, their superior position is practically acknowledged through ‘Act on the contract in which state is a party’(hereinafter ‘State Contract Act’) and consequently they have a right to impose a sanction against a part to the contract not to participate in the government contract procedures, that is so called the restriction on qualification for bidding participation. It seems naturally reasonable that the public institution has a right to impose a certain sanction against a rule violator to secure fairness and legitimacy in the field of public procurement contract. It is, however, a huge problem to grant a superior position to the other party to the public procurement contract. And, furthermore, if we excessively focus on the punitive side of the restriction on qualification for bidding participation it cannot be entirely excluded that public institutions may ignore the value of inducing a party to contract to voluntarily comply with the integrity and legitimacy of public procurement contract and, therefore, it does not make much difference between public procurement contracts and general administrative acts. Catching up with these philosophy aforementioned, it is quite desirable that Public Procurement Contract Act, especially State Contract Act has rearranged grounds for the restriction on qualification for bidding participation and adopted penalty surcharge and exclusion period, embracing the drawbacks consistently proposed by academia and business. However unconditional notification of other public ordering organizations regarding improper businessmen’s acts, additional verwaltungsstrafe and criminal penalty and non-existence of leniency can be pointed out problems. This writer has been experienced at participating in numerous government contract councils[Department of Defense(DOD), Defense Acquisition Program Administration(DAPA)] evaluating legitimacy and fulfillment of contracts as a civilian council member and made huge efforts to share the notion of how the public procurement system shall be improved. Consequently, I hope that right balances between the public interests pursued by public ordering organizations and private interests shall be reasonably kept for mutual growth of public ordering organization and parties to the contracts notwithstanding the existing sanction system against improper businessmen has been implemented without consideration on the detailed validity of cases excessively focusing on characteristics of sanction so far.