Earticle

Accurate acquisition of surface geometries such as machined surfaces, biological surfaces, and deformed partshave been very important technique in scientific study and engineering, expecially for system design,manufacturing and inspection. Two camera method is relatively simple with an acceptable accuracy. In this paper,a new method is studied to acquire 3D geometric data of the small object such as a die in stone model. When thedevices, cameras, laser beam and object are in a perfect plane, the calculation becomes very simple with less error.But this paper shows that arbitrarily positioned system can also be used to obtain 3D data.

The cognitive radio communication is taking the attentions because the development of the technique came to be possible to analyze wireless signals. In the IEEE 802.22 WRAN Systems[1], how to detect a spectrum and signals is continuously studied. In this paper, we propose the efficient signal detection method using SCF (Spectral Correlation Function). It is easy to detect the signal feature when we are using the SCF. Because most modulated signals have the cyclo-stationarity which is unique for each signal. But the fading channel effected serious influence even though it detects the feature of the signal. We applied LMS(Least Mean Square) filter for the compensation of the signal which is effected the serious influence in the fading channel. And we analyze some signal patterns through the SCF. And we show the unique signal feature of each signal through the SCF method. It is robust for low SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio) environment and we can distinguish it in the fading channel using LMS Filter.

Interval-valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set (IVNHFS) is an extension of neutrosophic set (NS) and hesitant fuzzy set (HFS), each element of which has truth membership hesitant function, indeterminacy membership hesitant function and falsity membership hesitant function and the values of these functions lie in several possible closed intervals in the real unit interval [0,1]. In contrast with NS and HFS, IVNHFS can be more flexibly used to deal with uncertain, incomplete, indeterminate, inconsistent and hesitant information. In this study, I propose the novel correlation coefficient of IVNHFSs and my paper discusses its properties. Then, based on the novel correlation coefficient, I develop an approach to deal with multi-attribute decision-making problems within the framework of IVNHFS. In the end, a practical example is used to show that the approach is reasonable and effective in dealing with decision-making problems.

The vehicle license plate recognition (VLPR) system analyzes and monitors the speed of vehicles, theft of vehicles, the violation of traffic rules, illegal parking, etc., on the motorway. The VLPR consists of three major parts: license plate detection (LPD), license plate character segmentation (LPCS), and license plate character recognition (LPCR). This paper presents an efficient method for the LPCS and LPCR of Korean vehicle license plates (LPs). LP tilt adjustment is a very important process in LPCS. Radon transformation is used to correct the tilt adjustment of LP. The global threshold segmentation method is used for segmented LP characters from two different types of Korean LPs, which are a single row LP (SRLP) and double row LP (DRLP). The cross-correlation matching method is used for LPCR. Our experimental results show that the proposed methods for LPCS and LPCR can be easily implemented, and they achieved 99.35% and 99.85% segmentation and recognition accuracy rates, respectively for Korean LPs.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the analytical performance of a curved capillary configurations on a U-tube structure used in a tabletop fully automated blood viscometer. Precision was assessed using normal and abnormal quality control materials measured repeatedly over 20 days across shear rates of 1–1000 s⁻1. Correlation between straight and curved capillary configurations was evaluated. Sample stability was also assessed at shear rates of 1 s⁻1 and 300 s⁻1 over three consecutive days. The curved capillary system demonstrated robust precision, with total coefficients of variation decreasing with increasing shear rate. Strong correlations were observed between straight and curved capillary measurements across all shear rates. Passing– Bablok regression showed slopes close to unity and intercepts near zero, while Bland–Altman analysis revealed minimal bias without shear-dependent trends. Whole blood viscosity remained stable over three days at both low and high shear rates (all p > 0.98). The curved capillary–based U-tube configuration provides analytically equivalent and stable whole blood viscosity measurements compared with conventional straight capillary systems, supporting its suitability for fully automated blood viscometer.

산사태나 토석류와 같은 산지재해 발생에 따른 피해를 최소화시키기 위해서는 피해 위험지에 대한과학적 분석이 필요하며 각종 공간정보의 수집과 분석이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 지리정보시스템(GIS)를 이용하여 산지재해 발생위험지역 분석에 필요한 지형, 수문, 토양, 임상 등의 공간정보 데이터베이스를 구축하였으며, 2006년 태풍 에위니아와 집중호우로 인해 많은 산지재해가 발생한 강원도 인제군 일대를 대상으로 현장모니터링을 실시하였고 재해발생 전⋅후의 항공영상의 중첩분석을통해 산사태 및 토석류 발생지역을 추출하였다. 또한 산지재해 발생 위험지역을 예측하고자 확률론적 기법인 GIS기반의 증거가중 모델을 적용하여 W+, W- 가중치 값을 각각의 요소에 대해 계산하였으며, 산지재해 발생과 상관성이 높은 공간자료를 분석하고 산지재해 위험지역 취약성도를 작성하였다. 그리고 성공비율곡선을 작성하여 모델의 예측능력을 정량적으로 비교하였다.

A scientific analysis of landslide risk areas along with the collection and analysis of a variety of spatial information would be critical for minimizing damage in the event of mountainous disasters such as landslide and debris flow. We used GIS to construct a spatial information database integrating the data required for a comprehensive analysis of landslide risk areas including geography, hydrology, pedology, and forestry. We also carried out a case study of the selected areas at Inje, Gangwon province which suffered from serious landslides due to flash floods by Typhoon Ewiniar in 2006. We overlaid the site monitoring data with airborne images using the weight values (W+ and W-) which were calculated for each element by the GIS-based Weight of Evidence(WOE) model. We then analyzed the spatial data which were significantly correlated with the landslide occurrence and predicted the mountainous areas with elevated risks of landslide which are vulnerable to disasters.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted both national and individual lives. The suspension of economic activities hit small business owners and the self-employed particularly hard. Between 2020 and 2022, during the period of restricted daily activities due to COVID-19, there was a dramatic increase in the number of personal rehabilitation applications. The personal rehabilitation system is designed to efficiently aid the debtor's recovery and benefit creditors by adjusting the legal relationships of debtors and stakeholders who have the potential for continuous future income. The researcher employs a phenomenological method to examine the religious characteristics influencing those who have experienced personal rehabilitation. Through interviews with 14 participants who underwent personal rehabilitation during the COVID-19 period, this study explores the psychological traits and the correlation with religious experiences during the process. Qualitative research revealed that, initially, personal rehabilitation applicants struggled with the "social stigma" and turned to religion for solace. Subsequently, they experienced a sense of stability through encounters with a higher power and gradually reintegrated into society through community activities. Ultimately, their lives became intertwined with religious experiences, demonstrating a deep correlation between personal rehabilitation and religious experiences through a field-centered research methodology. The study concludes by offering practical recommendations to assist individuals in economic crisis who have experienced personal rehabilitation.

As a tool for strain measurement to work with screw driven or hydraulic material test systems, in which mechanical vibration is inherent, SSDG (Speckle Strain/Displacement Gage), ESP (Electronic Speckle Photography) and its 3-dimension version SDSP are evaluated for the theory and practical appliance. Through tension test of steel strips, their validity and shortcomings are examined. As the results, it has been shown that, although SSDG and ESP provide direct measurement of in-plane strain in one direction, they are so sensitive to the out-plane displacement. On the other hand, SDSP which is aided with DIC (Digital Image Correlation) technique to trace the movement of the speckles provides not only in-plane 2-dimensional displacement field, but also out-of-plane displacement simultaneously. However, because the DIC is time-consuming, not automated yet and it needs post-processing to evaluate strain from the displacement field, SDSP appears to be not adequate as a real time sensor.

Contact type sensors (e.g., displacement sensor and strain gauge) were typically used to evaluate the safety and mechanical properties in machines and construction. However, those contact type sensors have been constrained because of measurement problems such as surface roughness, temperature, humidity, and shape. The Digital Image Correlation (DIC) measurement system is a vision measurement system. This measurement system uses the taken image using a CCD camera and calculates the image correlation between the reference image and the deformed image under external force to measure the displacement and strain rates. In this paper, we discuss methods to improve the measurement precision of the digital image correlation measurement system. A tensile test was conducted to compare the precision improvement effects, by using the universal test machine and the DIC measurement system, with the use of subpixel algorithms, i.e., the Coarse Fine Search (CFS) algorithm and the Peak Finding (PF) algorithm.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship and the most influencing sub-variable of emotional labor significantly predicts to burnout and job satisfaction among clinical nurses. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with a convenient sample 271 of clinical nurses in K providence, Korea. Surveyed data was collected from April 17, 2010 to May 14, 2010. To determine the most effective variable of emotional labor to burnout and job satisfaction, the dada were analyzed by Canonical correlation using SAS 9.1. Results: Canonical correlation analysis revealed that emotional intensity among 5 sub-domains of emotional labor made the most outstanding contribution in predicting to burnout. Emotional deep acting was the most outstanding contribution in predicting to job satisfaction of clinical nurses. Conclusion: The results suggest that reducing emotional intensity should be included in structured burnout management. Especially the positive reinforcement of emotional deep acting for clinical nurses is important for increasing job satisfaction.

무선인지기술은 환경에 능동적으로 적응하여 스펙트럼 이용을 효율적으로 할 수 있도록 하는 기술이다. 무선인지 기술의 가장 중요한 첫 단계는 센싱 부분으로서 본 논문에서는 주파수 상관관계를 이용한 방법을 제안하였다. 통신신호의 주기적인 특성을 기반으로 잡음과 간섭의 효과를 최소화하기 위해 주파수 상관함수를 사용하였다. 이미 알려진 에너지 측정 방법의 동작특성을 보이고 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안된 측정 방법과 기존의 방법을 비교하여 무선인지환경을 이용한 스펙트럼 센싱의 효율성을 보인다.

Cognitive radio, which is designed to dynamically adapt its transmission to its environments is believed to be one of the fundamental techniques for the future spectrum utilization. As the first step of cognitive radio, spectrum sensing is treated as the most important technique. In this paper, we propose a spectral correlation based detection method for spectrum sensing. Based on the cyclostationarity of communication signals, spectral correlation function is used to minimize the effect of random noise and interference. The ROC performance of conventional energy detection is shown. Simulation result show that the proposed detection method outperforms the energy detection and more suitable for spectrum sensing in cognitive radios.

항공기, 선박 등의 내부 및 핵심 설비 장치들에는 안전 관리를 위하여 다양한 종류의 환경 센서들을 설치되며 이는 이상 상황들을 감지하는 데 활용된다. 실시간적으로 수집되는 센서 데이터 중 이상 상황이 발생했을 시에 센서 데이터들은 중요한 데이터로 상황 감지 및 저장 분석에 활용되어야 하지만 이상치 (outlier) 데이터는 이상 상황 데이터의 정확도를 떨어뜨리는 불필요한 데이터이기 때문에 판단이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 다중 센서의 데이터를 기반으로 통계적 분석 방법 중에 하나인 IQR 방식과 함께 센서 간의 상관관계를 활용하여 실시간적으로 수집되는 데이터가 이상 상황에서 발생한 것인지 센서 고장이나 오류에 의한 이상치인지를 판단할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리즘을 실시간 센서 데이터 수집 및 처리 장치에 구현하고 실제 화재 테스트 환경에서 실험한 결과, 기존 IQR 방식의 이상치 검출 방식에서는 누락되던 이상 상황 데이터를 정확하게 검출할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

To ensure safety management, various types of environmental sensors are installed in the interior and critical equipment of aircraft and ships, and these sensors are used to detect abnormal situations. Among the sensor data collected in real time, data generated during abnormal situations must be utilized as essential information for situation detection, storage, and analysis. However, outlier data can reduce the accuracy of abnormal situation data and should therefore be carefully evaluated. This paper proposes an algorithm that combines the Interquartile Range (IQR) statistical analysis method with inter-sensor correlations to determine whether real-time sensor data are generated from an actual abnormal situation or are outliers caused by sensor faults or errors. The proposed algorithm was implemented in a real-time sensor data collection and processing system and tested in a fire test environment. Experimental results demonstrated that the algorithm effectively detects abnormal situation data that were missed by conventional IQR-based outlier detection methods.

정지한 객체의 측위에 사용되던 Network RTK (real time kinematics) 기술을 이동형 항체의 항법에 적용하기 위해서는 보정정보와 함께 사용자의 성능을 대표할 수 있는 지표가 함께 제공되어야 한다. 이를 위하여 본 논문에서는 I95 (ionospheric index 95) / G95 (geodetic index 95), SBI (semivariance based index), RIU (residual interpolation uncertainty) 등의 지표 도출 알고리즘을 분석하고 이를 국토지리정보원의 기준국 원시 데이터와 VRS (virtual reference station) 사용자에 적용함으로써 정밀 항법 성능 지표로의 활용 가능성을 타진하였다. 24시간 데이터를 처리한 결과 보정정보의 비선형성을 나타낼 수 있는 RIU 지표와 Network RTK 사용자의 위치 정확도와의 상관성이 0.52로 타 지표에 비해 훨씬 높은 것으로 나타났으므로 향후 이동 항체의 항법 성능 지표로 사용이 가능할 것으로 예상된다.

In order to apply the Network RTK (real time kinematics) technology, which has been used for positioning of stationary points, to the navigation of vehicles, its infrastructure should provide correction data with a quality indicator that can show the expected accuracy in real time. In this paper, we analyzed various indicator generation algorithms such as I95 (ionospheric index 95) / G95 (geodetic index 95), SBI (semivariance based index) and RIU (residual interpolation uncertainty). We also applied them to the raw observables from the reference stations of National Geographic Information Institute and VRS (virtual reference station) users, and then examined its feasibility to be used as a real-time performance index of the Network RTK rover. 24 hour data analysis shows that the RIU index, which can represent the non-linearty of the correction, has the strongest correlation with the Network RTK rover accuracy. Therefore, RIU index is expected to be used as a real-time performance index of the Network RTK rover.

디지털 이미지 상관법(DIC)은 reference image와 reference image가 변화된 후의 이미지에 대한 상관관 계를 분석하는 영상 분석 기반의 계측 방법이다. 그러나 변화된 후의 지점을 추적하기 위해 관심 영역에서 변형된 시편의 모든 지점을 추적하려면 광범위한 반복 계산 프로세스가 필요하다. 계산 시간을 줄이기 위해 고속 푸리에 변환(FFT)을 적용했지만 큰 변형에 대한 추적은 쉽지 않다. DIC의 계산 속도를 향상시키고 상관 계수가 감소하 는 것을 방지하기 위해 변위 피드백을 갖춘 새로운 FFT 기반의 상관 분석 알고리즘을 제안하고자 한다. 새로운 FFT 기반의 방법을 기존 DIC를 이용한 계산 속도와 비교하였다. 본 논문에서 제안된 방법의 계산 속도가 기존의 방법보다 약 3배 빠르다는 것을 입증하였다. 또한, 피드백 업데이트 없이 FFT-DIC에서는 10% 이상의 변형율을 추적을 못하지만, 새로운 알고리즘은 추적하는데 실패하지 않는다.

Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a measurement method based on image analysis that calculates the correlation between the original reference image and the deformed one. However, an extensive iterated calculation process is required to trace every point on the deformed specimen in the area of interest. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) has been adopted to reduce the calculation time, but the FFT method easily loses tracking for large deformation. A new FFT-based correlation analysis algorithm with displacement feedback is proposed to improve the calculation speed of the DIC system and to prevent the correlation coefficient from declining. The calculation rate using the conventional DIC method was compared with that using our new feedback FFT-based approach. This paper demonstrates that the calculation speed of the proposed method was about three times faster than that of the conventional technique. In addition, no tracking failure comes out by our new algorithm even though only FFT-DIC without feedback updating lost tracking over 10% strain.

본 연구에서는 주 단위 지하수자원 관리 취약시기 평가 방법을 개발하였다. 강수의 지하수위에 대한 영향을 고려하기 위하여 한계 침투량을 고려한 강우이동평균 방법을 통해 지하수위와의 상관계수를 산정하였다. 취약 시기 평가 기준을 개발하고 평가 기준에 대한 가중치를 엔트로피 방법을 이용하여 산정하였다. 강수와의 상관계수와 산정된 가중치를 이용한 주 단위 지하수자원 관리 취약시기 평가 방법을 개발하였으며, 개발한 방법을 통하여 소규모 행정구역을 대상으로 취약시기를 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 방법은 지역적일뿐만 아니라 계절적인 지하수자원의 효율적 관리 대책 수립의 근거가 될 수 있을 것이다.

In this study, the vulnerable period assessment method for weekly groundwater resources management was developed considering correlation between data of groundwater level, river level, precipitation applying critical infiltration concept. The vulnerable periods of 3 case study were assessed using data of groundwater, precipitation, river level, and results were compared. The weights for between observation stations were calculated using correlation of groundwater, precipitation, river level data, and weights that could be considered recently trend of data for each observation station. The vulnerable period was assessed using final calculated weights and multi criteria decision method, compared result for each case study. The developed method can be a quantitative basis for the establishment of efficient groundwater resources management and the decision of specific countermeasure applyment.

신학적 성찰(theological reflection)은 조직신학자들이 기독교 교리를 조직하는 학문적인 근본 구조로 이해되어 왔다. 신학적인 연구주제가 다양해지고 신학적 담론이 증가하면서도, 신앙인 개개인이 신학적으로 사고하고 성찰하는 방법에 대한 문제는 과소평가되고, 일상의 경험을 성서와 전통과 대화하여 통찰을 얻는 방법에 대한 연구는 신학자들의 주된 관심을 끌지 못했다. 사회와 교회, 문화와 신앙을 연결하는 실천적 과제를 수행하는 실천신학자들의 신학적 성찰에 대한 연구가 절실한 이유다. 먼저, 본 연구는 1950년대 전통적 신학방법에 대항하여 ‘상관관계’(correlation)의 방법이라는 새로운 신학방법을 주창한 폴 틸리히의 당대 심리학자들과의 교류 경험을 추적하면서, 목회상담학 운동의 창시자 중 하나인 시워드 힐트너가 어떻게 틸리히의 상관관계를 비판적으로 수용하고 발전시켰는지 살펴본다. 문화와 실존의 질문에 대하여 신학적인 해답을 제시한 틸리히의 방법을 수정하여 일방통행이 아닌, ‘쌍방통행’의 방법으로 인간경험과 기독교 전통을 상관관계로 엮는 구체적인 방법을 탐색한다. 이어 본 연구는 상관관계의 방법을 가지고 기독(목회)상담 현장에서 상담사들이 어떻게 자신의 임상경험을 신학적으로 성찰할 수 있을지에 대한 과제에 집중하고자 한다. 상담 현장에서 전통(종교)과 경험(심리학)의 쌍방통행적 상관관계를 탐색하기 위한 임상적인 성찰방법으로 패트리샤 킬런과 존 드 비어가 제시한 5단계 신학적 성찰의 기술(경험-감정-이미지-통찰-행위)을 적용하여 본다. 상담사례를 제시하여 상담사의 신학적 성찰이 어떻게 자신의 경험을 통찰하고 다시금 새로운 통찰을 바탕으로 쌍방통행의 상관관계적인 임상적 개입을 할 수 있는지 보여주고자 하였다.

Theological reflection has been considered as academic product of systematic theologians. Also, the method of theological reflection is often underestimated, and often fail to connect adequately with ordinary human experiences and theological scholarship. This article proposes the need for facilitating a correlational method of theological reflection that integrates the Christian tradition and clinical experiences among Christian (pastoral) counselors in their clinical context. First, this study examines Paul Tillich's method of correlation. Faced with the fact that Tillich joined the influential New York Psychology Group in the 1940s, this opportunity moved Tillich towards a very specific example of the correlational method, by enabling him to consider the nature of the connections between psychology and religion. The method of correlation, argues Tillich, explains the contents of the Christian faith through existential questions and theological answers in mutual interdependence. While Seward Hiltner, one of the frontiers of pastoral counseling movement, had been deeply influenced by Tillich's correlational method, he critically speculated whether the correlation should be conceived as more of a 'two-way street.' The study tackles the issue of how the correlation should take place in a mutual 'two-way street' manner between tradition (religion) and experience (psychology) in a clinical context. Utilizing the work of Patricia Killen and John de Beer's theological method, it is argued that theological reflection may confirm, challenge, clarify, and expand how we understand our own experience and how we understand the religious tradition. Killen and de Beer call this process the standpoint of 'exploration.' and warn that 'certitude' and 'self-assurance' standpoints keep us from deep insights and reflections. In this study, using a clinical example, the author argues that Killen and de Beer's 5 stage method of theological reflection (experience-feelings-images- insight-action) will be able to assist counselors to theologically reflect upon their clinical experience and enhance their therapeutic intervention afterwards.

본 논문에서는 고속전송을 위해 넓은 대역폭을 사용하는 OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiflex)시스템에서 심각한 주파수 선택적 페이딩 환경에서도 강한 특성을 갖는 FE(Frequency Estimation) 채널 추정 기법을 제안하였다. 시간적으로 천천히 변화하는 채널에서 주로 사용하는 채널추정기법은 상관도가 높은 심볼간 데이터를 이용하는 DDCE(Decision Directed Channel Estimation)기법이 있다. DDCE는 주파수 비선택적인 환경에서는 높은 이득을 보이지만 시스템 대역폭이 증가함에 따라 심각한 주파수 선택적 페이딩 환경이 되어 데이터의 신뢰도가 떨어지면 에러 플로우 현상이 일어나게 된다. 제안한 방법인 FE 기법은 주파수 선택적 페이딩 채널에서 OFDM의 부반송파간의 상관관계를 이용하여 목표 주파수에서의 채널 추정감을 인접 부반송파의 채널 추정값들의 평균으로 적응시켜주어 이득을 얻는다. FE 기법은 DDCE처럼 데이터를 이용하지 않고 프리엠블만을 이용하기 때문에 데이터의 신뢰도와 관계된 전송율과 다중 경로 수에 독립적이다 본 논문에서 제안한 FE 기법은 DDCE의 에러 플로우가 발생한 넓은 대역폭을 가진 시스템에서도 이득을 얻을 수 있어 심각한 주파수 선택적 페이딩 환경에서 유용하다.

This paper proposes the channel estimation method robust to severe frequency selective fading channels in O%M system using wide bandwidth for the high data rate transmission. DDCE, which uses data between the high correlated symbols, is usually used for channel estimation in the slow fading channels. DDCE can get high gains in the non-selective channels. As the bandwidth of system gets wider, it becomes more severe frequency selective fading environments so that the reliability of data becomes lower and error flow is occurred. FE method, this paper proposed, uses the relation between sub-carriers of OFDM in frequency selective fading channels so FE method gets some gains by adapting the power value at a target frequency to the mean value of channel estimated values of adjacent sub-carriers. Because FE uses only preamble unlike DDCE using data, it is independent of data rate related to the reliability of data and the number of multipath. Consequently, FE can obtain considerable gains in the wideband systems where the errorflow of DDCE is occurred, and FE is applicable to frequency selective fading environments.

강원도 영동에서는 논을 맬 때 일반적으로 애벌 때 손으로 흙을 주무르며 풀을 뽑아 둘둘 말아 논에 쑤셔 넣는데 영서에서는 호미로 풀을 파서 흙덩이와 함께 논바닥에 엎어놓는다. 그러나 영동의 양양군 갈천리, 강릉시 삼산리 그리고 삼척시 양리·풍곡리· 신리·이천리 등에서는 영서에서처럼 애벌 때 호미로 엎어놓고 두벌 때 그 흙을 손으로 풀며, 영서에 속하는 인제군 부평리·천도리, 홍천군 명개리·자 운리, 영월군 거운리, 평창군 백옥포리·속사리·이목정리, 정선군 용산리·봉 정리 등에서는 영동에서처럼 손으로 애벌매기를 했다. 영동에서는 애벌과 두벌을 손으로 논을 매며 보통 ‘제창’으로 논매는 소리를 부르는데, 영서에서는 애벌은 호미로 매고 두벌은 손으로 매면서 선후창으로 부른다. 그러나 영동의 삼척시에서는 애벌매기 때 ‘독창’으로 <미나리>를 부른 다. 그리고 영서의 양구군에서는 애벌 때 <미나리>, <아라리> 등을 ‘독창’으로 부르고 정선군에서는 ‘제창’으로 <오독떼기>를 부르기도 했다. 이처럼 애벌매기 때 마을에 따라 호미의 사용 여부 및 가창방식이 달라지는 이유를 설명하기 쉽지 않으나 토질이나 관습 그리고 일의 효용성 등의 측면을 생각할 수 있다.

In Yeongdong and Yeongseo, Gangwon-do, the method of pulling rice paddies and the method of singing <Nonmaeneunsori> are different. In Yeongdong, when the first paddy field is planted, the grass is pulled out by hand and shoved into the bottom of the paddy field, but in Yeongseo, the grass is dug up with a homi and turned over on the paddy field bottom along with the soil. In Yeongdong, <Nonmaeneunsori> is sung in unison during the aebeol and dubeol periods, but in Yeongseo, <Nonmaeneunsori> is sung in prechorus. So, in Yeongdong, where grass is pulled by hand, <Nonmaeneunsori> is sung in chorus, and in Yeongseo, where grass is pulled with a hoe, <Nonmaeneunsori> is sung as a pre- chorus. However, in some villages in Yeongdong, grass is pulled with a homi, but <Nonmaeneunsori> is sung in unison or solo. In some villages in Yeongseo, grass is pulled by hand, but <Nonmaeneunsori> is sung with a pre-chorus. Although some villages have different methods of pulling grass from neighboring villages, the singing method of <Nonmaeneunsori> does not change. It is not easy to explain why the use of the homi differs depending on the region and the singing method is also different in Yeongdong and Yeongseo, aspects such as climate, soil, customs, and work efficiency can be considered.

본 논문은 대량의 보안 이벤트를 효율적으로 관리하고 위협 탐지의 정확도를 높이기 위해 보안 이벤트 연관성 분석 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 Homogeneous 및 Heterogeneous Log Source를 활용해 다양한 보안 이벤트 간의 연관 규칙을 도출 하고, 머신러닝(Random Forest)을 적용하여 오탐과 미탐 문제를 완화하고 분석 결과를 시각화함으로써 보안 관리자의 의사결 정을 지원한다. 실험 결과, 제안된 기법은 기존 기법 대비 탐지율 10% 향상, 오탐률 15% 감소를 달성하였으며, 실시간 위협 탐지와 대규모 네트워크 환경에서의 적용 가능성을 확인하였다. 본 논문은 보안 이벤트 처리 효율성을 높이고, 보안 관리 자 동화와 신뢰성 향상에 기여할 수 있다.

This study proposes a security event correlation analysis method to efficiently manage a large volume of security events and improve threat detection accuracy. The proposed method derives correlation rules among various security events using Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Log Sources and applies machine learning (Random Forest) to mitigate false positives and false negatives. Furthermore, it visualizes the analysis results to support decision-making by security administrators. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a 10% improvement in detection rate and a 15% reduction in false positive rate compared to existing methods. It also confirms applicability in real-time threat detection and large-scale network environments. This study contributes to enhancing the efficiency of security event processing and improving automation and reliability in security management.