Earticle

The purpose of this study is to develop an app-based program that can effectively design and operate the overall career design process and analyze its effects in order to strengthen the career design competency of university students. This study was carried out through the following step-by-step research process. First, in order to derive practical and effective direction of career design App program, focus group interviews were conducted with the staff of the university career center. Second, the App program was structured in three stages and detailed contents were developed. Third, a survey was conducted to investigate the overall perception and satisfaction of university students for the developed App program. Fourth, in order to verify the effect through application of the App program, a self-description on the experience of using the program was conducted for university students who used the program. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the App-based career design program was effective in developing career design competencies. Based on the results, it is expected that the basic data will be provided for the development of online-based education programs to strengthen the career design competencies of university students.

신체활동 mHealth 앱은 걷기 및 기립 행동을 효과적으로 증진하기 위해 다양한 행동 증진 기술을 사용한다. 그중 금전적 보상과 푸시알림은 상용화된 앱에서 가장 자주 사용되는 기술이며, 일반적으로 조합의 형태로 사용된다. 하지만 이들의 조합 효과성에 대한 연구는 매우 부족하며, 개별 기술의 효과성 연구 결과도 혼재되어 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 보상과 푸시알림이 걷기와 기립 행동 증진에 효과적인지 파악하기 위해 상호작용과 각각의 효과성을 확인하였다. 이를 위해 대학생 114명을 보상 및 푸시알림 유무에 따라 4개의 집단에 무선 할당하였다. 7일 간의 기저선 기간 동안 걷기와 기립 행동을 측정한 후, 집단별로 21일 간의 개입을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 보상을 제공한 집단은 제공하지 않은 집단에 비해 걷기와 기립 행동에서 유의미한 증가를 보였다. 한편 푸시알림을 제공한 경우에는 유의미한 신체활동 증가가 나타나지 않았으며, 보상과 푸시알림의 상호작용 효과도 확인되지 않았다. 또한, 개입 만족도 및 유용성 측면에서, 보상 지급 집단의 개입 유용성, 목표 만족도, 목표 유용성 점수가 보상 미지급 집단보다 높았으나, 푸시알림 유무에 따른 차이는 없었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 연구의 의의와 한계에 대해 논의하였다.

Physical activity mHealth apps use a variety of behavioral promotion techniques to increase walking and standing behaviors. Financial rewards and push notifications are the most frequently used techniques in commercialized apps. And they are usually used in combination. However, there are few studies on their combination, and mixed results on the effectiveness of individual techniques. In this study, we examined their interaction and individual effectiveness to determine whether rewards and push notifications are effective in promoting walking and standing behaviors. To do so, 114 college students were randomly assigned to four groups with and without rewards and push notifications. Walking and standing behaviors were measured during a 7-day baseline period, followed by a 21-day intervention in each group. The results showed that the reward group showed significant increase in walking and standing behavior compared to the non-reward group. In terms of intervention satisfaction and usefulness, the rewarded group had higher intervention usefulness, goal satisfaction, and goal usefulness scores than the unrewarded group, but there was no difference in the presence of push notifications. Based on these results, the significance and limitations of the study are discussed.

This study was intended to present new teaching-learning program for fine art class involving the use of smart devices. Particularly, this study aim to improve communication and comprehension of peer relationship based on self-expression and continuous recording by using smart devices. The class continued in 4 sessions with 5 Middle School students. The subjects selected the app-icon expressive of themselves and drew interpretation based on their experience, and shared the results with peers to accept the ideas and opinions of others. The results show that the class involving the use of apps helped alleviate students' fear towards expression in connection with existing fine art expression, promoting students' expressivity, and the class helped develop clear self-expression and communication ability by allowing students to draw on their unique experience for interpretation of app-icon.

본 연구는 갱년기 여성들에게 취약하다고 알려진 기억력과 주의집중력, 언어기능을 증진시키기 위해 개발된 모바일 앱 기반 인지훈련 프로그램의 효과를 규명하고자 하였다. 기억력 저하를 호소하는 만 40세에서 60세 사이의 갱년기 여성 40명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 모바일 앱 기반의 인지훈련은 8주간의 프로그램으로 회기당 20~30분, 3회/주 수행하여 총 24회기였다. 조사는 기초조사를 포함한 사전조사와 사후조사로 진행되었다. 연구변수는 객관적 인지기능(전반적 인지기능, 기억력, 주의집중력, 언어기능)과 주관적 인지기능, 삶의 질이었다. 연구결과 전반적 인지기능(t=-8.688, p<.001)과 기억력 (t=-4.765, p<.001), 주의집중력 정반응수(t=-7.293, p<.001), 언어기능 중 고빈도 단어에 대한 정반응수(Z=-2.179, p=.036), 저빈도 단어에 대한 정반응수(Z=-2.737, p=.009), 삶의 질(t=-3.358, p=.002)은 모두 통계적으로 유의하였으나 주관적 인지기능은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 기능성 앱을 통해 제공되었된 인지훈련 프로그램은 인지기능을 향상시키는데 도움을 주었으며 전문가의 개입 없이도 가정에서 접근하기 쉬운 인지 중재도구로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

This study sought to identify the effectiveness of training programs by developing mobile app-based training programs to enhance memory, attention, and language function, which is known to be vulnerable to menopause women. It was conducted on 40 Climacteric woman between 40 to 60 years complaining about cognitive function decline. The mobile app-based cognitive training was an 8 week program. There were a total of 24 sessions and each session took 20-30 minutes, three times per week. The survey was carried out including a baseline study pre and post intervention study. The research variables were objective cognitive function (overall cognitive function, memory, attention, and language function), subjective cognitive function and quality of life. The cognitive training program showed a significant increase in overall cognitive function(t=-8.688, p<.001), memory(t=-4.765, p<.001), attention : number of correct answers(t=-7.293, p<.001), language high frequency response speed(Z=-2.179, p=.036), language low frequency response speed(Z=-2.737, p=.009) and quality of life (t=-3.358, p=.002). However, there was no significant difference in the scores for subjective cognitive function. The cognitive training program was found to be an effective intervention for improving the cognitive function of Climacteric women. It could be used as a cognitive intervention tool that is accessible at home without expert help.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to develop a smartphone app-based emergency coping education program to improve caregivers' emergency coping abilities and identify the program's effect on knowledge, attitudes and confidence in first aid. Methods: The study was conducted with 80 caregivers in elderly care facilities and home care centers. A total of 40 participants were assigned to experimental and control groups of caregivers working in elderly care facilities and home care centers using a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The data were analyzed using the χ²-test and the independent t-test with the SPSS 25.0 program. Results: The experimental group had higher scores and a statistically significant increase in knowledge(t=6.26, p<.001), attitude(t=5.25, p<.001), confidence(t=3.38, p<.001) and emergency coping abilities(t=8.83, p<.001) was observed in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: The smartphone app-based emergency coping education program has proven the effectiveness of education by improving the ability of caregivers to cope with emergencies, suggesting the need to expand and apply it to more caregivers. In order to maximize the learning effect, app-based educational content should be developed in more diverse areas along with follow-up research with various education contents.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a mobile app-based musculoskeletal exercise program (AMSEP) for operating room (OR) nurses and evaluate its effects on self-efficacy, the flexibility of the shoulders, lower back, and legs, and musculoskeletal symptoms and fatigue. Methods: The AMSEP was developed based on the information-motivation-behavioral skill model. In total, 48 OR nurses were recruited at a university hospital in Korea and divided into an experimental group (n=24) and a control group (n=24), matched for career experience in the OR. The experimental group participated in the AMSEP, while the control group received a booklet regarding musculoskeletal exercise. Results: The experimental group showed significant increases in self-efficacy (t = -2.77, p = .008) and flexibility of the right shoulder (t = -4.08, p < .001), left shoulder (t = -3.28, p = .002), lower back (t = -3.75, p < .001), and legs (t = -3.96, p < .001) compared to the control group. Musculoskeletal symptoms (t = 2.75, p = .008), and fatigue (Z = -1.98, p = .048) significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the AMSEP for OR nurses provided information on the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders and methods of exercise, as well as an opportunity for continued exercise performance through self-management. The AMSEP was easily accessible and effective in increasing self-efficacy and flexibility and reducing musculoskeletal symptoms and fatigue.

본 연구는 바이브 코딩 기반 교육용 앱 개발 프로그램 참여에 따른 예비교사의 TPACK 관련 자기인식 변화와 설계 경험의 특징을 분석하였다. Kolb의 경험학습이론에 근거하여 앱 경험–성찰–앱 개발–수업 적용 설계로 구성된 3주 프로그램을 설계하고, 교육대학교 3학년 예비교사 23명에게 적용하였다. 단일집단 사전·사후 설계를 통해 TPACK 설문(7개 영역, 35문항)을 분석한 결과, 모든 하위 영역에서 사후 점수가 유의하게 증가하였으며 특히 TCK 영역에서 상대적으로 큰 변화가 나타났다. 또한 성찰일지와 앱 산출물 분석 결과, 예비교사들은 AI 의존적 문제 해결에서 출발하여 구조적 이해와 전략적 디버깅을 거쳐 학습자와 수업 목적을 고려한 통합적 설계 단계로 이동하는 양상을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 자연어 기반 바이브 코딩을 포함한 설계·개발 경험이 예비교사의 디지털 교수설계 인식 및 TPACK 통합 관점의 변화와 관련될 수 있음을 시사한다.

This study examined changes in pre-service teachers’ TPACK-related self-perceptions and design experiences following participation in a Vibe coding–based educational app development program. A three-week program grounded in Kolb’s experiential learning theory was implemented with 23 third-year pre-service teachers. Using a one-group pretest–posttest design, a 35-item TPACK survey showed significant posttest increases across all subdomains, with a relatively larger change in technological content knowledge. Qualitative analyses of reflection journals and app artifacts indicated a shift from AI-dependent problem solving to structural understanding, strategic debugging, and integrated instructional design considering learners and instructional goals. These findings suggest that design and development experiences incorporating natural-language–based Vibe coding may be related to changes in pre-service teachers’ perceptions of integrated digital instructional design.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of an 8 week, self-managed, app-based and poster-based stretching program on musculoskeletal symptoms, flexibility, stretching frequency, self-efficacy, social support, and musculoskeletal disorder knowledge in small manufacturing business workers. Methods: This was a cluster randomized, two-group pretest-posttest design. Workers were assigned to either an app-based (n=20) or a posterbased (n=25) stretching intervention. Both groups received an educational class. The app group also received mobile phone text messages and an app with stretching videos, stretching alarms, stretching records, and information on musculoskeletal disorders. The poster group received workplace stretching posters. Data were collected from April to September 2018 and analyzed with the x2 test, paired t-test, and independent t-test. Results: There was only a significant difference in social support. Significant increase in flexibility and musculoskeletal symptoms were noted for both groups, but social support and musculoskeletal disorder knowledge were significantly changed only in the poster group. More than half of the workers practiced stretching at least 3 times a week. Conclusion: The 8 week, self-managed, workplace stretching program was effective to increase flexibility and stretching frequency to at least 3 times a week. However, effective interventions for musculoskeletal symptoms could not be identified.

Background: Textile dyeing workers are at an increased risk of developing occupational respiratory diseases owing to frequent exposure to harmful chemicals, irritants, and high humidity in the workplace. Pulmonary rehabilitation is essential but associated with access and adherence challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness, accessibility, and safety of an app-based pulmonary telerehabilitation program for this population.Methods: Forty-five textile dyeing workers with respiratory symptoms underwent a 4-week pulmonary telerehabilitation program consisting of daily gamified respiratory muscle training using a Bluetooth-enabled device and video-guided flexibility exercises. The program was delivered through a mobile application and adherence was monitored using an online platform. Pulmonary function tests, 6-minute walk test, hand grip strength, and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores were assessed at baseline (T0) and post-intervention (T1). The adherence, adverse events, and system usability were evaluated.Results: Improvements were observed in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity, maximal inspiratory pressure, and maximal expiratory pressure at T1 compared to T0. The SGRQ activity scores improved after the intervention. The mean adherence rate was 95.69%; three participants had adherence rates <80% for ≥1 week each. The mean System Usability Scale score was high.Conclusion: The program resulted in significant improvements in pulmonary function and quality of life with high adherence rates and good usability. This may be a promising approach for managing occupational respiratory diseases among textile dyeing workers. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are warranted to validate these results and assess the long-term outcomes.

Objectives: To identify the effects of a mobile-app-based self-management program for elderly hemodialysis patients on their sick-role behavior, basic psychological needs, and self-efficacy. Methods: A nonequivalent control group with a nonsynchronized design was utilized, and 60 participants (30 in each of the experimental and control groups) were recruited from Chungnam National University Hospital from March to August 2018. The program consisted of continuous training on how to use the mobile-app, self-checking via the app, message transfer through Electronic Medical Records, and feedback. The control group received the usual care. Data were analyzed using the χ2-test, the t-test, the repeated-measures ANOVA, and the McNemar test. A formalized messaging program was developed, and the app was developed with consideration of the specific physical and cognitive limitations of the elderly. Results: Comparisons were conducted between the experimental (n = 28) and control (n = 28) groups. Statistically significant increases in sick-role behavior, basic psychological needs, and self-efficacy were found in the experimental group (p < 0.001). Physiological parameters were maintained within the normal ranges in the experimental group, and the number of non-adherent patients decreased, although the change was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The mobile-app-based self-management program developed in this study increased the sickrole behavior, basic psychological needs, and self-efficacy of elderly hemodialysis patients, while physiological parameters were maintained within the normal range. Future studies are needed to develop management systems for high-risk hemodialysis patients and family-sharing apps to manage non-adherent patients.

본 연구는 비만 중년여성의 무릎골관절염을 예방하기 위해 IMB (Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills) 모델을 기반으로모바일 앱기반 무릎골관절염 예방프로그램을 개발하고 적용하여 비만 중년여성의 무릎골관절염 예방지식, 건강태도, 사회적지지, 자기효능감, 무릎골관절염 예방행위, 체질량지수, 하지근력, 건강관련 삶의 질에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위한 비동등성 대조군 반복측정설계의 유사실험 연구이다. 본 연구 대상은 총 67명(실험군 32명, 대조군 35명)의 45-60세 비만 중년여성이었다. 본 연구 자료는 SPSS Statistics 22.0을 이용하여 빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차, χ2 -test, Fisher's Exact test, Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Two-way Repeated measure ANOVA, Friedman test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank 검정을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과, 본 연구에서 앱기반 무릎관절염예방프로그램이 적용된 실험군의 비만 중년여성은 대조군에 비해 무릎관절염 예방지식(p < .001), 건강태도(p = .008), 사회적 지지(p = .007), 자기효능감(p < .001), 무릎관절염 예방행위(p = .002), 체질량지수(p < .001)와 하지근력(p = .001)이 유의하게 개선되었으며, 측정시기에 따라서도 유의한 긍정적 변화를 나타냈다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 IMB 모델을 기반으로 개발된 앱기반 무릎골관절염 예방프로그램이 노화와 함께 퇴행적으로 발병하는 비만 중년여성의 무릎골관절염을 예방하는데 효과적이고 적절한 프로그램임이 입증되었다. 특히본 연구에 개발된 프로그램은 앱기반으로 개발되어 일상에서 그 활용도와 실천적 가치가 높다하겠다.

This study aimed to develop and apply an mobile app-based knee osteoarthritis prevention program based on the IMB (InformationMotivation-Behavioral Skills) model to prevent knee osteoarthritis in obese middle-aged women. This is a quasi-experimental study of unequal control group repeated measures design to verify the effect on knee osteoarthritis prevention knowledge, health attitude, social support, self-efficacy, knee osteoarthritis prevention behavior, body mass index, lower extremity muscle strength, and health-related quality of life in obese middle-aged women. The subjects of this study were a total of 67 obese middle-aged women aged 45 to 60 (experimental group: 32, control group: 35). Data were analyzed using a SPSS 22.0 program with frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, χ2 -test, Fisher's Exact test, Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Two-way Repeated measure ANOVA, Friedman test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. As a result of the study, obese middle-aged women in the experimental group had higher knee arthritis prevention knowledge (p <.001), health attitude (p =.008), and social support (p =.007) compared to the control group), self-efficacy (p <.001), knee osteoarthritis prevention behavior (p =.002), body mass index (p <.001) and lower extremity muscle strength (p =.001) were significantly improved. Through this, this study proved that the app-based knee osteoarthritis prevention program developed based on the IMB model is an effective and appropriate program for preventing knee osteoarthritis in obese middle-aged women who develop degeneratively with aging. In particular, its utilization and practical value of this app-based program is high in everyday life.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of an 8 week, self-managed, app-based and poster-based stretching program on musculoskeletal symptoms, flexibility, stretching frequency, self-efficacy, social support, and musculoskeletal disorder knowledge in small manufacturing business workers. Methods: This was a cluster randomized, two-group pretest-posttest design. Workers were assigned to either an app-based (n=20) or a poster-based (n=25) stretching intervention. Both groups received an educational class. The app group also received mobile phone text messages and an app with stretching videos, stretching alarms, stretching records, and information on musculoskeletal disorders. The poster group received workplace stretching posters. Data were collected from April to September 2018 and analyzed with the 𝑥² test, paired t-test, and independent t-test. Results: There was only a significant difference in social support. Significant increase in flexibility and musculoskeletal symptoms were noted for both groups, but social support and musculoskeletal disorder knowledge were significantly changed only in the poster group. More than half of the workers practiced stretching at least 3 times a week. Conclusion: The 8 week, self-managed, workplace stretching program was effective to increase flexibility and stretching frequency to at least 3 times a week. However, effective interventions for musculoskeletal symptoms could not be identified.

본 연구는 청소년 정신건강 증진을 위해 개발된 마음챙김 명상앱의 모듈 중 청소년의 불안 감소를 위해 개발된마음챙김 호흡 프로그램이 중학생의 불안과 마음챙김 주의 및 알아차림에 미치는 효과와 적용 방식에 따른 효과차이를 검증하고자 수행되었다. 실험 참가자는 서울 A 중학교 1∼3학년 60명으로, 치료자와 대면하여 프로그램을수행한 대면 실험집단(20명), 치료자와 비대면으로 프로그램을 수행한 비대면 실험집단(20명), 그리고 통제집단(20명)으로 분류하였다. 실험 전, 상태-특성 불안 X척도와 마음챙김 주의 및 알아차림 척도를 실시하였고, 일원배치 분산분석을통해 집단 간 동질성을 확인하였다. 실험 처치 후, 사후 검사를 실시하였다. 반복측정 분산분석(Repeated measures ANOVA)을 통해 사전-사후 검사를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 연구 참여자의 불안은 프로그램 실시 전에 비해유의미하게 감소하였고, 마음챙김 주의 및 알아차림은 유의미하게 증가하였다. 둘째, 대면 실험집단과 비대면 실험집단의불안과 마음챙김 주의 및 알아차림의 변화를 살펴본 결과, 집단 간에 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 즉, 앱(App)기반 마음챙김호흡 프로그램은 중학생의 불안을 감소시키고, 마음챙김 주의 및 알아차림을 향상하는데 유의미한 효과가 있으며, 비대면 적용 효과가 대면 적용 효과만큼 유의미한 효과가 있다는 것을 의미한다.

This study seeks to verify the difference in effectiveness and application method of the mindfulness breathing program developed to reduce anxiety among adolescents among modules of the mindfulness meditation app developed to improve mental health. Participants included 60 students in Grades 1～3 at a middle school in Seoul. They were categorized into a contact experiment group (n=20) that performed the program contact with the therapist, an untact experiment group (n=20) that performed the program not being in contact a therapist, and a control group (n=20). Before the experiment, state-trait anxiety X-scale and mindfulness attention awareness scale were administered, and homogeneity between groups was confirmed through one-way ANOVA. A post-test was conducted after the experimental treatment. The pre- and post-tests were analyzed through repeated measures ANOVA. The results showed that first, the anxiety of research participants reduced significantly compared to before the program, and mindfulness attention awareness significantly increased. Second, there was no significant difference between the groups with regard to changes in anxiety and mindfulness attention awareness between the contact and untact experiment groups. The study demonstrated that the App-based mindful breathing program had a significant effect on reducing middle school students' anxiety and improving mindful attention awareness; and the effect of untact application was also as significant as the contact application

본 연구는 고기능 자폐 스펙트럼 장애아동을 대상으로 App-기반 청자 대화기술 훈련프로그램의 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 26명의 자폐 스펙트럼 장애, 아스퍼거 증후군, 전반적 발달장애로 진단된 초등학생으로, 연령과 IQ, SCQ, ASSQ 점수를 사용하여 중재 집단과 통제 집단으로 짝지어 분배하였다. 중재 집단은 9주 동안 교사와의 비대면 학습을 주 1회 실시하고, 가정에서도 부모 또는 아동이 앱(App)을 활용하여 대화훈련을 실시하였다. 통제집단은 다른 특별한 프로그램에 참여하지 않았다. 그리고 훈련 전과 후에 평가자와 아동 간의 1:1 대화를 수행하여 대화 자료를 수집하고, 대화차례 주고받기와 주제 운용능력의 변화를 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 중재 집단에서 본 연구에서 개발한 청자 반응 대화훈련 프로그램의 긍정적 효과가 발견되었다. 구체적으로, 중재 집단은 청자 조건에서 적절한 청자 언어 반응이 유지되었고, 통제 집단은 적절한 청자 언어 반응이 감소하였다. 그리고 화자 조건의 대화 차례 주고받기에서는 개시율과 유지율이 증가하고, 주제 운용능력에서는 적절한 주제 개시율이 증가하고, 부적절한 주제 개시율은 감소하였다. 논의에서는 청자 반응 대화훈련 프로그램이 고기능 자폐 스펙트럼 장애아동의 대화 양상변화에 미치는 효과를 중점적으로 논의하였다.

This study examines the effects of a new app-based intervention program for conversational skills of children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants in this study comprised 26 children diagnosed with autism, Asperger's syndrome, or pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). Participants were randomly assigned into a treatment group or a control group according to their ages, IQ, SCQ, and ASSQ scores. The treatment group met with teachers once a week for a single non-face-to-face class for nine weeks, along with conversation training at home using an app. The control group did not participate in any specific programs for conversational skills. Conversation data of all participants were collected before and after the intervention to compare the two groups based on changes in the conversational turn-taking and topic manipulation skills. When analyzed with respect to a Group X Period analysis of variance (ANOVA), the data indicated maintenance on the rate of appropriate listener's verbal responses in the treatment group, whereas the rate of inappropriate listener's verbal response significantly declined in the control group. In addition, the rate of conversation initiation and maintenance and the rate of appropriate initiation improved in the treatment group, whereas the rate of inappropriate initiation declined in this group. Overall, the study demonstrates promising effects of the novel App-based digital intervention on verbal conversational skills in children with high function ASD.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop an app-based self-management program based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) for breast cancer survivors' exercise practice, as well as to investigate the program's effects on the stage of change for exercise, exercise self-efficacy, exercise decisional balance, exercise amount, and body composition. Methods: This non-randomized controlled study included 52 participants (26 in each of the experimental and control groups, respectively). An app-based self-management program based on the TTM was conducted with the experimental group for a 12-week period. The program comprised three components: individual coaching for each stage of change for exercise based on TTM, amount of exercise and body composition monitoring, and online self-help meetings. Results: Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly higher stages of change for exercise (p < .001), exercise self-efficacy (p < .001), exercise decisional balance (p = .002), exercise amount (p < .001), and body composition (body weight [p = .006], body mass index [p = .005], and body fat percentage [p = .010]) immediately and four weeks after the intervention. Conclusion: An app-based self-management program based on the TTM improves exercise behaviors in breast cancer survivors and provides physical benefits.

로열티 프로그램은 다양한 산업에서 기업이 고객을 효율적으로 관리할 수 있는 마케팅 수단으로 활용되고있다. 스마트폰 보급으로 말미암아 로열티 프로그램 운영 방식이 모바일 애플리케이션 기반으로 변화하면서로열티 프로그램 이용 행태도 크게 변화하였다. 본 논문은 모바일 환경에서 로열티 프로그램 이용자들의행동을 살펴보기 위하여, 2019년 1월부터 12월까지 1년 동안 모바일 앱에서 활동한 18,218명 이용자를 대상으로 실증 분석하였다. 그 결과, (1) 모바일 앱을 사용하는 5.6%의 활성 이용자가 95%의 활동을 하는 것으로나타났는데, 이는 모바일 앱 기반의 로열티 프로그램이 소수 활성 이용자 중심으로 진행되고 있음을 의미한다. 그러나 전체 활동에서 쿠폰 관련 활동이 차지하는 비중은 비활성 이용자 그룹이 더 높았다. 이 결과는 비활성이용자들이 적립 포인트가 많지 않은 콘텐츠 시청보다 쿠폰 다운에 더 적극적인 체리피커 성격을 지님을뜻한다. (2) 회귀분석 결과에 따르면, 콘텐츠 시청과 쿠폰 다운하기는 서로 통계적으로 유의미한 정(+)의영향을 주었다. 이는 모바일 기반의 로열티 프로그램에서 혜택을 경험한 이용자는 모바일 앱을 지속적으로활용하려는 의도가 높아지기 때문이다. (3) 엔터테인먼트 요소가 포함된 콘텐츠의 경우 40대 이하가 더 많이시청하였는데, 젊은 연령층이 이용자 참여를 유발하는 콘텐츠에 더 많은 매력을 느끼기 때문이라고 해석할수 있다. 본 연구는 국내 최대 규모의 통합 로열티 프로그램인 OK캐쉬백의 비식별 로그 데이터를 활용하여 모바일앱 기반 로열티 프로그램 이용 행태를 살펴보았는데, 필자들이 아는 한, 최초로 모바일 앱 기반의 이용 패턴을분석함으로써 학문적으로 기여하였다고 판단한다.

The main operations of loyalty programs have shifted to mobile application base due to the widespread use of smartphones. In order to understand the usage patterns of loyalty programs in a mobile environment, this study examined the user behavior in mobile app based loyalty programs using the mobile app log data from OKCashbag, the largest coalition loyalty program in Korea in its scale. As a result, (1) it was found that 95% of the activities were performed by 5.6% of the active users, suggesting that the loyalty programs are focused on a small number of active users. Meanwhile, the inactive users had more interests in coupon download. It indicates that the inactive user group exhibits more aggressive cherry picking behaviors towards activities such as coupon downloads rather than the activities that require more time for relatively low earned points such as content consumption. (2) Content consumption and coupon downloads had a statistically positive effect on each other, implying that experiencing the benefits of mobile app based loyalty programs raises the customer intention to continuously use the mobile application. (3) Contents with entertaining elements were mainly consumed by relatively younger age groups in their 40s and below. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first attempt of its kind, which is an academic contribution to the related literature.

· 연구 주제: 본 연구의 목적은 우울한 성향의 성인들을 대상으로 앱 기반의 자기자비 프로그램을 실시하여 효과성을 검증하는 것이다. · 연구 배경: 현대 사회에서 우울증은 성인들 사이에서 흔히 나타나는 정신 건강 문제로, 이를 완화하기 위한 다양한 방법이 필요하다. 자기자비는 자신에 대한 이해와 친절을 바탕으로 우울증을 완화할 수 있는 중요한 요소로 주목받고 있다. 그러나 기존의 자기자비 프로그램은 주로 대면 상담이나 전통적인 온라인 방식에 의존하고 있어 접근성에 한계가 있다. 이에 본 연구는 모바일 애플리케이션을 활용하여 시공간 제약 없이 접근 가능한 자기자비 프로그램을 개발하고 그 효과성을 검증하고자 한다. · 선행연구와의 차이점: 본 연구는 선행연구와 달리 모바일 앱을 활용하여 언제 어디서나 접근 가능한 자기자비 프로그램을 개발하고 그 효과를 검증하였다. 6단계로 구성된 구체적이고 구조화된 자기자비 활동을 포함하며, 실시간 우울 정도 확인과 즉각적인 피드백을 제공한다. 또한, 중도 탈락 및 사후 검사 미응답자를 고려한 최종 분석으로 데이터 신뢰성을 높였다. · 연구방법: 프로그램은 총 6회기로 구성되었으며, 각 회기는 자기자비의 하위 요소에 대한 명상 및 글쓰기 개입으로 구성되었다. 연구 참여자는 만 18세 이상의 초기 성인으로서, 한국판 역학연구센터 우울 척도(CES-D)의 16점 이상에 해당하는 참여자만을 선별하였다. 선별된 참여자는 앱 사용집단과 대기통제집단에 각 7명씩 무선할당되었다. 앱 사용집단은 2주간 주 3회씩 자기자비 모바일 앱을 실행하였고, 대기통제집단은 아무런 처치 없이 2주간 대기하였다. 최종 참여자는 앱사용 집단 4명, 대기통제 집단 5명이었다. · 연구결과: 앱 사용 집단 참여자들은 개입 전에 비해 개입 후에 자기자비가 유의미하게 증가하였다. 앱 사용 집단과 무처치 통제집단 간의 처치 전후의 변화량을 비교한 결과, 자기자비와 자기자비 불안에서 집단 간 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. · 공헌점 및 기대효과: 본 연구의 공헌점과 기대효과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 모바일 앱 기반 자기자비 프로그램을 통해 시공간 제약 없이 참여할 수 있었다. 둘째, 앱 내 캐릭터와의 상호작용으로 프로그램에 대한 신뢰와 흥미를 증진시켰다. 셋째, 자기자비의 세 가지 하위 요소를 모두 반영하여 균형 잡힌 프로그램을 설계함으로써 기존 연구와 차별성을 가졌다.

· Research topics: This study aims to verify the effectiveness of an app-based self-compassion program in depressed adults. · Research Background: In modern society, depression is a mental health problem that is common among adults, and various methods are needed to alleviate it. Self-compassion is attracting attention as an important factor in alleviating depression based on understanding and kindness to oneself. However, existing self-compassion programs have limitations in accessibility because they mainly rely on face-to-face counseling or traditional online methods. Therefore, this study aims to develop a self-compassion program that can be accessed without time and space constraints by using mobile applications and to verify its effectiveness. · Differences from prior research: Unlike previous studies, this study developed a self-compassion program that can be accessed anytime, anywhere using a mobile app and verified its effectiveness. It includes specific and structured self-compassion activities consisting of six stages and provides real-time depression level checks and immediate feedback. In addition, data reliability was increased with the final analysis considering dropouts and non-response to the post-test. · Research method: The program consisted of a total of 6 sessions, each consisting of meditation and writing interventions on the sub-elements of self-compassion. Participants in the study were early adults over 18 years of age, and only participants with a score of 16 or higher on the Korean version of the Integrated Epidemiological Depression Scale (CES-D) were selected. Participant were randomly assigned to either the experiment group(self-compassion app-use group), and wait-control group. · Research results: Participants in the experiment group significantly increased their self-compassion and reduced self-complassion anxiety after the program. App-based self-compassion intervention was significantly more effective than the wait-control group in most variables. . · Contribution points and expected effects: This study's contributions and expected effects are as follows. First, I could participate without time and space constraints through the mobile app-based self-compassion program. Second, interaction with characters in the app increased trust and interest in the program. Third, it was differentiated from previous studies by designing a balanced program reflecting all three sub-elements of self-compassion.

본 연구는 고용환경에서 발달장애 노동자들이 노동인권 침해 관련 문제를 스스로 해결하고 자신의 권리를 옹호할 수 있는 역량을 갖춤으로써 안정적인 직업 생활을 유지해 나갈 수 있도록 지원하는 플립드러닝 기반 앱 활용 노동인권 교육프로그램의 적용을 통해 성인 초기 발달장애인의 노동인권 관련 역량과 경험을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이에 전공과에 재학 중인 성인 초기의 발달장애인 10명을 대상으로 플립드러닝 기반 앱 활용 노동인권 교육프로그램을 실행하였다. 그 결과, 프로그램에 참여한 발달장애인의 노동인권 관련 역량인 노동인권지식, 사회적 문제해결, 자기옹호의 사전-사후 점수 변화에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한 그룹 및 개별 면담 결과, 참여자들은 프로그램 전반에 대해 높은 수준의 만족감을 나타내었으며 앱 콘텐츠 사용에 대해 긍정적인 반응을 나타내었다. 본 연구는 4차 산업혁명에 따른 테크놀로지의 발달과 코로나19 상황을 반영하여 플립드러닝 기반 앱 활용 노동인권 교육프로그램의 중재를 성인 초기의 발달장애인에게 적용하여 그 효과와 경험을 탐색하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

The purpose of this study is to thoroughly examine the labor rights-related competency and experiences of young adults with developmental disabilities through the labor rights education program by using a flipped learning-based app. This will assist workers with developmental disabilities in solving problems related to labor rights, as well as defend their own rights within an employment environment. Therefore, the labor rights education program that uses a flipped learning-based app was implemented for 10 young adults with developmental disabilities that attend special schools. As a result, there was a statistically significant difference in the pre-post-score changes in labor rights knowledge, social problem-solving, and self-advocacy, which are the labor rights-related competencies of people with developmental disabilities who participated in the labor rights education program using a flipped learning-based app. In addition, as a result of the group and individual interviews, the participants showed a high level of satisfaction with the overall program and showed a positive response to the use of app content. This study is meaningful in that it provides young adults with developmental disabilities with intervention in their labor rights education programs by using a flipped learning-based app. This study reflects the modern development of technology following both the 4th Industrial Revolution and COVID-19 pandemic.

목적 한글 문해 앱 제작을 기반으로 문해학습자가 교육주체로 참여하는 프로그램 개발이며, 학습도구인 앱을 활용하여 한글 문해교육과 스마트폰 교육이 동시에 이루어지도록 하는 것이고, 교수학습방법의 다양화 차원으로 새로운 학습도구인 앱을 적용한 프로그램의 가능성을 탐색하는 것이다. 방법 이 연구는 실행연구 방법으로 수행하였고, 앱 제작에는 앱 인벤터라는 응용소프트웨어 제작 도구가 활용되었다. 연구참여자는문해학습자 6명과 연구자, 공동연구자로 구성되었으며, 이 논문에서는 문제파악과 계획하는 단계까지를 기술하며 총 3단계로 진행되었다. 1단계에서는 엘리트면담, 컴퓨터 기초반과 스마트폰반 보조교사 및 참여관찰 수행을 통해 구체적인 연구계획을 세우고 연구참여자의 모집과 선정이 이루어졌다. 2단계에서는 문해학습자에게 적합하다고 생각되는 학습도구로서의 앱을 연구자가 직접 제작하여 스마트폰 교육에 적용하는 프로그램을 개발하는 과정이 포함되며, 3단계에서는 학습자 집단면담을 통해서 문해학습자의 의견을 구하여 프로그램의 일반화 여부에 대해 파악하였다. 결과 첫째, 학습자의 문제를 해결하기 위한 학습도구로 스마트폰 앱이 유용하며, 앱 제작을 기반으로 한 학습도구가 가능하였다. 둘째, 앱을 기반으로 제작한 학습도구를 적용하여 한글 문해교육을 보완해주고, 학습자들의 스마트폰 학습 욕구를 해소할 수 있는스마트폰 교육프로그램 개발이 가능하다. 앱 제작에 기반하여 프로그램을 개발한다면 아래와 같이 활용할 수 있다. 첫째, 학습자 주체적인 수업이 가능하므로, 학습자에게 흥미로운 교육이 될 수 있을 것이다. 둘째, 교수영역이 앱 제작으로까지 넓어지면서, 전문성과 교수방법의 다양화를 반영한 프로그램 개발이 가능하다. 셋째, 스마트폰 앱을 학습도구로 활용하거나 프로그램에 접목하는 후속연구의 기초 자료가 될 것이다. 결론 평생교육의 현장에서 앱 제작을 기반한 프로그램 개발이 다소 낯설게 여겨질 수 있으나, 문해의 개념이 디지털 영역으로 빠르게확대되고 학습자의 요구는 다양해지고 있으므로 문해학습자의 사회적, 문화적 참여를 위해 시대를 반영하는 학습도구를 활용한 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

Objectives This study is the development of a program in which literacy learners participate as subjects of education based on the production of a Hangul literacy app. By using the app as a learning tool, Korean literacy education and smartphone education can be provided simultaneously, and the possibility of a program using the app, a new learning tool, is explored to diversify teaching and learning methods. Methods This study was conducted as an action research method, and an application software production tool called App Inventor was used for app production. The research participants consisted of six literacy learners, researchers, and joint researchers. In the first stage, a detailed research plan was established through an elite interview, observation of participation in the computer basic class and smartphone class, and the performance of an assistant teacher, and the recruitment and selection of research participants were made. In the second stage, the researcher creates an app as a learning tool that is considered suitable for literacy learners and develops a program to apply it to smartphone education. And then, In the last third stage, the opinions of literacy learners were obtained through group interviews with learners to determine whether the program was generalized. Results First, it was confirmed that the smartphone app was useful as a learning tool to solve the learner's problem, and it was possible to develop a learning tool based on the app creation. Second, if a learning tool is created with an app, it is possible to develop an education program that can complement Korean literacy education and resolve learners' desire to learn smartphones. If you develop a program based on making an app, you can use it as follows. First, learner-independent classes are possible, so it will be an interesting education for learners. Second, as the teaching area expands to the production of apps, it is possible to develop programs that reflect professionalism and diversification of teaching methods, and Third, it will become a basic data for follow-up research that utilizes smartphone apps as learning tools or grafts them into programs. Conclusions In the field of lifelong education, program development based on app production may seem a bit unfamiliar, but the concept of literacy is rapidly expanding into the digital realm, and the needs of learners are diversifying. For the social and cultural participation of literacy learners, it is necessary to develop a program using learning tools that reflect the changing times.