Earticle

본 연구는 중국이 1953년부터 실시해온 5개년 경제개발 ‘계획’이 2006년부터 ‘규획’으로 변화된 배경을 용어 정의, 비교분석을 통해 도출하고자 했으며, 11 차 5개년 규획이 이전의 5개년 경제개발 계획과 무엇이 다른지에 대한 분석을 통해 변화에 따른 함의를 도출하는데 연구 목적을 두었다. 분석결과, ‘규획’은 미래의 행동방안과 예정된 계획이며, ‘계획’보다 장기적이고, 전략적이며, 전면 적이고, 지도적(guidance)이다. 중국정부가 ‘계획’을 ‘규획’으로 전환해야 될 필 요성으로는 첫째, 1994년에 사회주의 시장경제를 도입한 이후 점차 확대되어 온 경제체제의 변화에 따른 내부요인을 꼽을 수 있다. 둘째, 공산당의 집정 이 념이 변화하여, 당정이 국유기업에 대해 감독관리 권한을 행사하던 기득권을 포기하고 기업 행위의 시장화를 이념적으로 허용한데 기인한다. 셋째, 국가계획 위원회가 국가발전계획위원회로 바뀌고, 다시 국가발전개혁위원회로 변화된 기 구⋅제도의 변화에 기인한다. 넷째, 더 이상 ‘계획’으로는 그동안 심화되어온 도시와 농촌간, 연해와 내륙간 빈부격차를 해소할 수 없음을 중국정부가 인지 했다. 따라서 조화사회(和諧社會) 건설로 대표되는 민생 분야 정책 지원을 위 해서는 기존의 ‘계획’ 보다는 ‘규획’ 프레임으로 접근해야만 보다 포괄적이며 전면적으로 수입증대, 사회보장제도 보급을 확대할 수 있기 때문이다. 10차 5개 년 계획과 11차 5개년 규획 지표 달성 실적을 통해서 살펴본 ‘계획’과 ‘규획’의 성적표는 환경, 민생 분야에서의 11⋅5규획 실적이 우수하다. 이는 ‘규획’에서 경제성장 일변도의 GDP 우선주의에서 탈피했음에도 불구하고 나타난 성적이어 서, 중국정부의 정책효과가 의도대로 나타난 것으로 평가된다.

The purpose of this study is to draw the background of the change from ‘Plan’ to ‘Guideline’ in the 5-year economic development plan in China that implementing since 1953. Also, derive the implications of the change through analysis of difference between 10th 5-year plan and 11th 5-year guideline(or program). As a result of the analysis, ‘Guideline’ is the future action plan and is more long-term, strategic, overall, and guidance than the ‘Plan’. The necessity of the Chinese government to change the ‘Plan’ into ‘Guideline’ is as follows: First, the internal factors of the economic system that has been gradually expanded since the introduction of the socialist market economy in 1994. Second, the ideology of the Communist Party changed, and it was due to the fact that the ruling party abandoned the vested interest in exercising supervisory control over state-owned Enterprises. Third, due to institutional change like adopting new National Development Planning Committee from old National Planning Committee. Fourth, the Chinese government has recognized that it is no longer possible to overcome the gap between urban and rural areas, the rich and poor between the coastal and inland areas, which have been deepened by the ‘Plan’. Therefore, in order to support the policy of the welfare sector represented by the harmonious society, it is necessary to approach the frame of ‘Guideline’ rather than the existing ‘Plan’. Lastly, the report which were shown through the accomplishments of the 10th 5-year plan and the 11th 5-year guideline, are excellent in the 11.5 period in the environment and the welfare sector.

본 논문은 만 5세 대상 인공지능(AI) 교육 프로그램을 개발하기 위해 AI 교육에 대한 유아교사의 인식과 요구사 항들을 분석하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구방법은 ADDIE 모형의 1단계인 분석단계를 중심으로 AI 교육의 교육적 요소 를 추출하기 위해 설문조사 및 심층 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 만 5세 대상 AI 교육은 놀이로서 자연스럽 게 받아들일 수 있는 유아교육 내용과 AI를 융합한 교육과정을 설계해야 한다. 둘째, 교사의 성찰을 반영할 수 있는 AI 교육의 평가도구가 체계적으로 개발되어야 한다. 셋째, 놀이중심의 AI 교육환경 지원 및 유아교사 대상 교육지원이 필요하다. 마지막으로 비교과 교육과정의 AI 교육 등을 고려하여 지속해서 유아교육 현장에서 운영될 수 있도록 시스템 을 구축해야 한다. 향후 만 5세 대상 놀이중심 AI 교육 프로그램을 개발하여 유아 대상의 AI 교육에 대한 인식을 확산하 고 학습자의 연령별, 단계별 AI 교육 접근방안을 제시할 것을 기대한다.

The purpose of this paper is to We analyze the perceptions and requirements of early childhood teachers for artificial intelligence(AI) education to develop an AI education program for 5-year-olds. As for the research methodology, we conducted a survey and an in-depth interview to extract the AI educational elements centering on the analysis stage, the first stage of the ADDIE model. The research result is that first, it is necessary to design a curriculum that combines the contents of early childhood education and AI education to be naturally accepted as AI education for 5-year-olds. Second, an evaluation tool for AI education that can showcase the teacher's reflection should be developed systematically. Third, it is necessary to support a play-centered AI education support and environment for early childhood teachers. Lastly, it is essential to establish a system that can be continuously operated in the field of early childhood education in consideration of AI education in the non-curricular curriculum. It is expected that in the future, a play-oriented AI education program for 5-year-olds will be developed to spread awareness of AI education for infants and present an AI education approach for each age and stage of learners.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the 5-year survival rate, socioeconomic status, and SEER (Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results) stage of stomach, colorectal, breast and cervical cancer patients. Methods: A total of 11,770 cases of four target cancers, which were diagnosed during 2005-2007, were extracted from the database of Gwangju-Jeonnam Regional Cancer Registry. The subjects of the study were 11,770 including stomach (n=5,479), colorectal (n=3,565), breast (n=1,516) and cervical cancers (n=710). Cox’s proportional hazards model was used to obtain the hazards ratio (HR) according to the SEER stage and socioeconomic status. Results: Stomach cancer had a significantly higher HR in the medical aid recipients (HR=1.39), and the group below 20% (HR=1.20) compared to the group with the highest income level. Colorectal cancer had a significantly higher HR in the medical aid recipients (HR=1.26) than in the group with the highest income level. In addition, stomach, colorectal, breast and cervical cancers had a significantly higher HR according to the SEER stage in regional direct (stomach=4.10, colorectal=1.76, breast=12.90, cervical=3.10), regional lymph only(stomach=2.58, colorectal=2.33, breast=4.32, cervical=4.43), regional both (stomach=6.74 colorectal=3.04, breast=15.57 cervical=6.50), and regional NOS (Not Otherwise Specified)/distant (stomach=17.53, colorectal=11.53, breast=25.34, cervical=26.51) than in situ and localized only. Conclusion: In order to increase the cancer survival rate, a support system for early detection and early treatment of cancer should be established for groups with low individual income levels, and regular health checkups and management measures should be actively implemented through the National Cancer Screening Program.

연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 만 5세 유아의 자기이해, 대인관계 및 논리-수학적 지능 향상을 위한 게임놀이 프로그램을 개발하여 그 효과를 검증하는 것이다. 연구방법: 만 5세 유아 16명(남아: 7명, 여아: 9명)을 대상으로, 실험집단 8명, 통제집단 8명)을 무선 배정하였다. 통제집단은 사후 조사 이후에 실험집단과 동일한 프로그램을 실시하였다. 본 프로그램은 자기이해, 대인관계, 논리-수학적 지능 향상을 위한 개입으로 구성되었으며, 각 구성 요인을 촉진시키기 위해 다양한 게임이 사용되었다. 프로그램의 효과 분석을 위해 실험집단과 통제집단의 사전, 사후 검사를 실시하였다. 연구결과: 프로그램의 효과를 분석한 결과, 실험집단에서는 유아의 자기이해 지능, 대인관계 지능, 논리-수학적 지능이 사전에 비해 사후에서 유의하게 증가를 보였으나, 통제집단에서는 유의한 결과가 나타나지 않았다. 결론: 게임놀이 프로그램이 만 5세 유아의 자기이해 지능, 대인관계 지능, 논리-수학적 지능 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 확인하였다.

Objects: This study aimed to develop a game play program to enhance self-understanding, interpersonal, and logical-mathematical intelligences in 5-year-olds and verify its effectiveness. Method: A total of 16 children (7 boys and 9 girls) aged 5 years were randomly assigned to either an experimental (n = 8) or control group (n = 8). The program provided to the experimental group comprised interventions in the form of various games designed to improve self-understanding, interpersonal, and logical-mathematical intelligences. Pre- and post-tests were conducted for both groups to analyze the program's effectiveness. The control group received access to the program after the post-test. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvements in self-understanding, interpersonal, and logical-mathematical intelligences from pre-test to post-test, whereas no significant changes were observed in the control group. Conclusion: The findings confirm that the game play program has a positive impact on enhancing self-understanding, interpersonal, and logical-mathematical intelligences in 5-year-olds.

The purpose of this study was to identify changing attitudes towards comprehensive disabilities using knowledge and attitude scales on disabilities and elderly people for 201 architectural students in 5-year program, and to determine the correlation between self-respect and the ability to perform design assignments. As a result of this study, whether or not they live with their grandparents and whether or not they have experienced volunteer activities revealed a statistical significance in terms of their attitudes towards comprehensive disabilities according to the subjects' characteristics. Namely, the case in which they have not lived with their grandparents revealed a statistical significance in that they had a low level of stereotype of the handicapped, and high level of knowledge and positive images of elderly people. Through the Scheffe post-hoc comparison results showed no difference was shown in changing attitudes towards disabilities, self-respect or the ability to perform design assignments among the above-mentioned three groups. Along with a sympathetic understanding after their participation in similar experiential programs, their will to design UD had changed into a stronger one through the change in average values in architectural behaviors. The will to reflect UD realities was more negative than what had been expected, and from the statistical point of view, the difference in the average values was significant. The will of the students of architectural design to design UD had become stronger, and it is presumed that this is derived from their thinking more deeply about specifically how they should reflect the considerations of UD in the architectural design and planning stage, and as a result, they became more cautious about their answers.

Background: Digital cytopathology (DC) is emerging as a transformative approach in quality assurance programs (QAP), though its comprehensive evaluation remains limited. Since 2020, the Korean Society for Cytopathology has progressively incorporated DC into its national QAP, including digital proficiency testing (PT), sample adequacy testing (SAT), a customizable PT module, and a self-assessment module (SAM), aiming for full digital implementation by 2026. Methods: This 5-year study assessed diagnostic concordance between conventional and digital PT formats and analyzed participant feedback on service quality and digital image usability across PT, SAT, and SAM. Parallel testing was conducted during the transitional phase, and satisfaction was measured through structured surveys. Results: Participation in digital PT increased from 48 institutions in 2020 to 93 in 2024, while digital SAT participation rose from 29 to 71 between 2022 and 2024. In 2023, 56 institutions joined SAM. Diagnostic concordance rates were comparable between digital and conventional PTs (78.6%?84.6% vs. 82.0%?85.1%), including similar category C (major discordance) rates. Satisfaction with digital PT services and image quality exceeded 85%, and over 90% of institutions reported positive feedback on SAT and SAM. Over 80% were satisfied with the customizable PT module. Conclusions: DC is a reliable and effective modality for cytopathology QAP. It demonstrates diagnostic equivalence to conventional methods and high user satisfaction, supporting its broader implementation in national quality assurance frameworks.

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the socioeconomic gradient in the risk of distant-stage cervical cancer (CC) at presentation and 5-year mortality for new CC patients after the introduction of a national Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) in Korea. METHODS: All new CC cases from 2007 to 2017 were retrieved from the Korea Central Cancer Registry database linked with the National Health Information Database of the National Health Insurance Service. The age-standardized cumulative incidence of CC, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of distant metastasis at presentation, and adjusted all-cause mortality hazard ratios (HRs) within 5 years post-diagnosis were assessed according to the income gradient. RESULTS: The 11-year age-standardized cumulative incidence of CC ranged from 48.9 to 381.5 per 100,000 women, with the richest quintile having the highest incidence. Of 31,391 new cases, 8.6% had distant metastasis on presentation, which was most frequent among Medical Aid beneficiaries (9.9%). Distant-stage CC was more likely when the income level was lower (OR, 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]), 1.28 to 1.67 for the lowest compared to the richest) and among Medical Aid beneficiaries (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.24 to 1.82). The 5-year mortality was greater in the lower-income quintiles and Medical Aid beneficiaries than in the richest quintile. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of CC was higher in the richest quintile than in the lower income quintiles, while the risk of distant-stage CC and mortality was higher for women in lower income quintiles in the context of the NCSP. A more focused approach is needed to further alleviate disparities in the timely diagnosis and treatment of CC.

본 연구는 3-5세 유아를 위한 국가수준 교육과정의 교사용 참고 자료인 ‘3-5세 누리과정 교사용 지도서’와 ‘5세 누리과정에 기초한 어린이집 프로그램’의 지속가능한 생활양식 활동내용을 분석하고자 하는목적으로 실시되었다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사용 지도서에 포함된 활동은 전반적으로 경제범주와 사회 범주에 속한 활동이 많았고 상대적으로 환경 범주의 활동은 적었다. 지속가능발전교육과정에서는 사회, 환경, 경제의 조화가 중요하므로 이에 대한 보완이 필요하다. 둘째, 누리과정 주요영역별 분석 결과 사회관계영역에 활동이 편중되어 있었고, 셋째, 활동영역(유형)별 분석 결과 역할놀이영역에 치우쳐 있어 다양한 교수방법 및 전 영역을 통한 교육이 이루어질 필요가 있다. 추후 유네스코에서 제안한다른 주제나 우리나라의 로컬 이슈에 대한 분석을 통하여 유아교육에서 지속가능발전교육의 적용가능성과 실천방안 등을 모색해보는 것을 후속 연구로 제안하였다.

The study aims to analyze the contents of ‘Teacher’s manual of Nuri Curriculum for 3 to 5 year olds’ ‘and ’Day Care Program based on Nuri curriculum of 5 year old’ focusing on sustainable lifestyle. The results of the study are as follows: First, the activities in teacher’s manual of Nuri Curriculum mainly focus on economy and society rather than environment. Since the balance among social, environmental, and economic areas is very important for environmentally sustainable development, the curriculum is needed to be revised in a more integrated way. Second, the activities emphasize social relationship among the various main learning areas of Nuri curriculum. Third, the activities related to the role play area were ranked highest among the various types of activity. Therefore teaching method and learning areas for education in sustainable lifestyle need to be practiced in more various learning areas and activity types. The study suggested to find ways to implement the environmentally sustainable development in early childhood education related to local issue for future research.

The purpose of this study was to develop a leadership program for 5-year-old children to help them prepare fortheir entrance to elementary school and enhance their ability to adjust themselves to it after entrance. Prior toprogram development, the study developed a leadership fairy tale and computer media program to stimulate theinterests and concentration level of children. In order to verify the effects of the leadership program, twoexperimental groups and a control group were established and pre-test, post-test, and first and second follow-uptests were performed. In order to verify the goodness of the fit of the model, path analysis was performed. Thirty three 5-year-old children from four classes at four childcare centers in Seoul were assigned to theexperimental and control groups. The study proposed a theoretical foundation for the leadership program using aleadership fairy tale and educational computer media. 3 leadership fairy tales were developed based on 4leadership tales specified by Lee(2012) and the education media using computer were jointly developed with theresearchers of Korea Young Leadership Center. Thus the study was meaningful because it providedvariouspractical programs for improving leadership and adjustment to elementary school by using fairy tales andcomputer media appropriate for 5-year-old children.

본 연구는 지속가능발전지향 유아 창의인성교육 프로그램을 개발을 목적으로 관련 문헌 고찰을 통해 지속가능발전지향과 창의인성에 대한 요소를 추출하여 프로그램의 이론적 준거를 마련하였다. 구성된 이론적 준거를 토대로 전문가협의회를 통해 실제적 준거를 세워 프로그램 기본방향을 설정하고 프로그램 1차 시안을 구성하였다. 구성된 프로그램 시안은 전문가의 검토를 거쳐 수정한 후 충북 소재 4개 공립 유치원, 만 5세 8개 학급 189명의 유아를 대상으로 현장 적용을 실시하였다. 현장 적용 모니터링 결과와 현장 적용에 참여한 8명의 교사들의 의견을 반영하여 프로그램 1차 시안을 수정하여 2차 시안을 구성하였으며, 구성된 2차 시안은 유아교육전문가와 현장전문가의 2차 검증 과정을 거쳐 전문가들의 의견을 반영하여 수정한 후 지속가능발전지향 유아 창의인성교육 프로그램 최종안을 구성하였다. 프로그램 최종안은 ‘소중해요, 함께해요, 나누어요’ 라는 3가지 주제로 구성하였으며, 각 주제별로 3개의 소주제씩, 총 54개의 활동이 개발되었다.

The purpose of this study is to develop a ‘sustainable development - oriented creativity character education program’ for 5-year-old children. First, theoretical criteria and frame of the program were established by drawing factors related to sustainable development, creativity and character from review of previous studies and related documents. Then direction and draft of the program were settled through professionals’ discussion based on established theoretical basis. The draft of the program was revised twice to reflect the opinions of teachers who participated in the field application conducted onto 189 children from 8 classes in 4 kindergartens in Chungbuk province and the result of program monitoring. Finally, a sustainable development-oriented creativity education program for 5-year-old children has been developed after another round of professionals’ and teachers’ review and validation. The program is composed of 3 main categories, where each main category has 3 sub-categories and 54 activities.

2011년 7월 공표 이후 유치원과 어린이집에 적용되고 있는 5세 누리과정은 만 5세아에게 필요한 기본 능력과 소양을 담은 기준이다. 본 연구에서는 공정한 출발점 형성과 교육 및 보육의 질 관리 기준으로 제정된 5세 누리과정의 취지와 구성 방향, 목표와 영역 설정의 주안점, 교육 내용 제시 방식을 초등 교육과정과의 연계를 염두에 두고 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 만 5세아에게 필요한 기본 능력의 성격을 규명할 필요가 있고, 누리과정의 목표와 영역명 간의 정합성과 함께 교육의 방향과 도착점을 명료화할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 학습 시기의 조기화(早期化)를 초래하지 않되 공정한 출발점 형성을 위해서는 누리과정을 통해서 선수(先修) 되어야 할 학습 대상이 국가사회적 책무 수행의 기준으로 기능할 수 있어야 함을 강조하였다. 향후 누리과정과의 보다 원활한 소통을 위해서는 초등 교육과정에서의 내용 구성 및 조직 방식에서 교과 간 조정이 필요하며, 누리과정에서의 교육 내용은 그 범위와 수준을 가늠할 수 있도록 보완될 필요가 있다. 누리과정을 계기로 향후 양자의 자체 개선 노력과 함께 상호 소통과 조율을 위한 기회가 실효성 있게 마련되어야 할 것이다.

Nuri program is the new national kindergarten curriculum for 5 year old children, which contains the common standards to provide proper learning and nursing opportunities prior to primary school entrance. It is very important to set a reasonable entry behaviors, for example, basic abilities, attitude and traits required for being schooled. In relation to the new measure, this study was attempted to investigate its possibility of communicating and articulating with primary lower-grade curriculum standards. The main targets of this study are the validity of goals and objectives of Nuri program, the coherence of five learning areas and learning contents organization method. Being carried in relation to the 2009 revised primary curriculum standards, the results of this study are as follows:First, it is necessary to reexamine the nature of basic abilities and traits and to clarify the goals and directions of preschool education for curriculum articulation with primary school. Second, it must be stressed to adjust the contents organization method of primary school subjects for effective mutual understanding between Nuri program and primary curriculum. Third, the contents of Nuri program have to be more clearly delineated in order to indicate the scope and level of learning in each areas. These tasks are essential for stimulating national accountability to offer high-quality learning opportunities to kindergartens and primary schools.

본 연구는 만 5세 프로그램을 담당하고 있는 유치원의 프로그램은 과연 어떠해야 하는가? 를 알아보기 위해 만 5세 교육을 담당하는 유치원 프로그램을 진단하고 바람직한 프로그램 구성과 운영방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 그 결과 만5세 프로그램의 구성 및 운영 방안은 첫째, 유아의 발달정도, 지역 및 유치원의 철학, 실정을 고려하여 융통성 있게 프로그램을 운영한다. 둘째, 발달적 특징을 고려하여 규제와 책임을 지도록 프로그램을 구성한다. 셋째, 주변세계를 심도 있게 탐구하고 여러 경험을 통해 무언가를 배우고 동화 할 수 있는 기회를 제공한다. 넷째, 언어, 논리. 수학적 사고능력, 공간능력을 발달시킬 수 있는 프로그램을 제공한다. 다섯째, 가정뿐 아니라 초등학교와의 연계를 위한 준비교육을 고려한다. 여섯째, 전인교육의 일환으로 특별활동에 대한 검토가 이루어져야 한다. 끝으로, 지혜를 길러주는 수월성을 위한 교육이어야 한다.

This study is designed to investigated the program management and education for korean 5-year-old. More specifically, the purposes of the study are two-fold：(1) To assess the theoretical base for 5-year-old; (2) To analyze the program management and education for 5-year-old. The aims of this study were as follows： 1. to consider the developmental stage, philosophy of kindergarten and community. 2. to help the children's self-management skills, self control and sense of responsibility. 3. to help the children develop the ability to use their intelligence：“learn how to learn,“develop an inquiring mind, mastery motivation, efficient cognitive styles and the ability to relate past experiences to new situations in problem-solving tasks. 4. to assist the children expand their language, logical thinking：process information in representational form using images, words, ideas and concepts; deal with representations of objects; develop some understanding of relational concepts and how to use them in the organization of their knowledge; develop language competence and desire to read and write. 5. to create from home to elementary school. 6. to provide children with special education based on the Whole education. 7. to ensure children provided with excellent education.

본고는 의료급여 수급권자 규모와 일인당 진료비 규모를 ARMA모형을 이용 하여 예측하고, 이에 따라 향후 5개년 동안의 중기 급여비 지출규모를 추계한 실증연구이다. 실증연구를 위해 국민건강보험공단 DW자료를 통해 의료급여 수 급권자 수와 진료비 월간시계열자료를 2002년 1월부터 2007년 12월까지 수집 한 후, 1종 기초수급권자 그룹, 타법적용자 그룹, 2종 기초수급권자 그룹 등 세 그룹으로 집계하여 활용하였다. 수급권자 및 진료비 월간시계열의 불안정성이 거시경제의 환경과 계절적인 요인에 의한 결정적 추세에 의한 것으로 가정하고 이를 해결하기 위해 월더미변수와 소비자물가지수 등을 설명변수로 한 안정적 이고 최적의 ARMA모형을 구성하였다. 중기 추계결과, 2008년 총수급권자 수는 약 167만명으로 전년대비 3.48%증 가할 것으로 예상되고, 2009년에 1종 기초수급권자 그룹은 100만명 규모에 진입할 것이며, 2010년에 총 수급권자는 약 176만명, 2012년에 약 184만명에 도 달할 것으로 전망된다. 총진료비 수준은 2008년에 41,703억원, 2010년 50,629 억원, 2012년 60,345억원 지출될 것으로 예측되어, 여타의 제도적 변화가 일어 나지 않고 최근 6년간의 추이가 일정하게 유지된다는 전제하에 급여비지출규모 는 2008년에 약 32,111억원, 2010년에 약 38,984억원, 2012년에 약 46,466억원 이 지출될 것으로 예상된다.

This study analyzed the number of beneficiaries of Medial Aid program and their medical expenditure with ARMA model to forecast their prospective 5-year benefit expense. Using the monthly time series data between Jan 2002 and Dec 2007 from data of the Data Warehouse in National Health Insurance Corporation, beneficiaries were classified into three groups as follows：1) the class I beneficiary group, 2) the group set by other law, and 3) the class II beneficiary group. The ARMA model consists of the number of beneficiaries and their medical expenditure as dependent variables and monthly dummy variables, Consumer Price Index (CPI), and other variables as independent variables. In results, the number of beneficiaries in 2008 is forecasted to be increased in about 3.48%, which will be approximately 1.67million people, and the total medical expenditure and total benefit expenses will be 417 and 321.1billion won, respectively.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the 5-year survival rate, socioeconomic status, and SEER (Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results) stage of stomach, colorectal, breast and cervical cancer patients. Methods: A total of 11,770 cases of four target cancers, which were diagnosed during 2005-2007, were extracted from the database of Gwangju-Jeonnam Regional Cancer Registry. The subjects of the study were 11,770 including stomach (n=5,479), colorectal (n=3,565), breast (n=1,516) and cervical cancers (n=710). Cox's proportional hazards model was used to obtain the hazards ratio (HR) according to the SEER stage and socioeconomic status. Results: Stomach cancer had a significantly higher HR in the medical aid recipients (HR=1.39), and the group below 20% (HR=1.20) compared to the group with the highest income level. Colorectal cancer had a significantly higher HR in the medical aid recipients (HR=1.26) than in the group with the highest income level. In addition, stomach, colorectal, breast and cervical cancers had a significantly higher HR according to the SEER stage in regional direct (stomach=4.10, colorectal=1.76, breast=12.90, cervical=3.10), regional lymph only(stomach=2.58, colorectal=2.33, breast=4.32, cervical=4.43), regional both (stomach=6.74 colorectal=3.04, breast=15.57 cervical=6.50), and regional NOS (Not Otherwise Specified)/distant (stomach=17.53, colorectal=11.53, breast=25.34, cervical=26.51) than in situ and localized only. Conclusion: In order to increase the cancer survival rate, a support system for early detection and early treatment of cancer should be established for groups with low individual income levels, and regular health checkups and management measures should be actively implemented through the National Cancer Screening Program.

본 연구는 초등연계를 강조하고 있는 누리과정의 기본 방향에 맞추고 초등 수학교육의 접근방향을 고려하여 교사들이 5세 유아를 대상으로 활용할 수 있는 유-초 연계 스토리텔링 수학교육프로그램을 개발하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 문헌고찰, 교사인식조사, 전문가 협의를 거쳐 유-초 연계 수학교육의 내용체계를 개발하고 이를 유치원에서 적용할 수 있는 16개 활동으로 구안하였으며, 개발한 활동의 교육적 효과를 검증하기 위해 유아의 수학개념이해능력의 변화를 평가하였다. 개발한 프로그램은 만 5세 유아가 초등 수학교육을 학습하기 위해 필요한 수학적 개념과 초등 스토리텔링 수학교과서에 적응하는데 의미있는 역할을 할 것으로 기대가 되며 실제 평가를 통해 수학적 개념이 향상되었다. 향후 교사연수 및 자료 보급을 통해 유-초 연계 스토리텔링 수학교육의 활성화를 기대할 수 있다고 본다.

The purpose of the study was to develop a storytelling mathematics educational program continued from kindergarten to elementary school for 5-year-old children. Analysis of academic papers, teacher interviews and investigation by questionnaire, and focus group seminars with experts were conducted in order to develop the program. For the results, the program developed in this study suggested guidelines for continued storytelling mathematics education from kindergarten to elementary school. In conclusion, further educational application and the need of academic tasks were suggested.

본 연구의 목적은 누리과정에 근거한 그림책을 활용한 인성교육활동이 유아교육기관에 재원 중인 만 5세반 유아의 섬기는 리더십과 정서지능에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 본 연구는 서울특별시 N구와 S구에 소재하고 있는 유치원에 재원 중인 만 5세 반 유아 53명을 대상으로 2013년 4월 22일부터 7월 19일까지 실시되었다. 본 연구에서 실험집단 유아들을 대상으로 실시한 누리과정의 인성교육요소에 근거하여 구성한 그림책활용 인성교육활동이 유아의 섬기는 리더십과 정서지능에 미치는 영향을 질문지를 사용하여 알아본 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 누리과정에 제시된 인성교육요소에 근거한 그림책을 활용한 인성교육활동은 만 5세반 유아의 전체 섬기는 리더십과 섬기는 리더십의 하위 영역인 배려하기, 존중하기, 경청하기, 나누기, 협력하기 등 유아의 섬기는 리더십을 발달시키는데 긍정적인 효과가 있었다. 둘째, 누리과정에 제시된 인성교육요소에 근거한 그림책을 활용한 인성교육활동은 만 5세반 유아의 전체 정서지능과 정서지능의 하위 영역인 정서표현, 자기정서인식, 타인정서인식, 정서조절, 정서어휘 등 유아의 정서지능을 향상시키는데 긍정적인 효과가 있었다. 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 우리나라 국가수준 교육과정인 만 3〜5세 누리과정에 근거한 그림책을 활용한 인성교육활동이 최근 우리사회에서 중요하게 인식되고 있는 유아의 섬기는 리더십과 정서지능 향상에 효과가 있음을 의미한다.

This study investigated the effects of a character education program using picture-books on developing 5-year-old children's civic leadership characteristics and emotional intelligence. The program was developed based on the elements and sub-categories suggested for character education in the Nuri-curriculum for 3?5 year old children in Korea. Subjects are 53 five-year-old children; of these, 27 formed the experimental group and 26 formed the control group. A detailed analysis of both leadership and emotional intelligence levels was undertaken to determine the homogeneity of the two groups. A broad variety of activities using 10 picture-books were used with the experimental group for a ten-week period. The results of this study reveal that the children in the experimental group made significant gains in civic leadership characteristics and emotional intelligence while the control group did not.

본 연구의 목적은 앤서니 브라운의 그림책을 활용한 방과 후 활동이 만 4-5세 유아의 행복감에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지와 이러한 영향이 유아의 성별 및 연령에 따라 차이가 있는지를 알아보는 것이다. 본 연구는 서울시 N, D구에 소재한 유치원 두 곳의 방과 후 교실에 재원 중인 만 4-5세 유아 78명(실험집단 39명, 통제집단 39명)을 대상으로 2015년 4월에서 6월에 걸쳐 10주 동안 실시되었다. 앤서니 브라운의 그림책을 활용하여 ‘나’, ‘가족’, ‘친구’, ‘이웃’ 등의 주제로 구성된 다양한 유형의 활동을 실시한 후 유아의 행복감에 미치는 영향을 T-test와 공분산분석(ANCOVA)을 실시하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 앤서니 브라운의 그림책을 활용한 방과 후 활동은 유아의 행복감 전체와 몰입, 건강, 영성, 또래관계, 교사관계, 인지 및 성취, 정서, 부모관계, 생활만족 등 모든 하위영역과 관련된 행복감을 향상시키는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 이러한 효과는 유아의 연령에 따라 차이가 있었지만 성별에 따른 차이는 없는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 유치원의 방과 후 교실에 다니는 만 4-5세 유아의 행복감을 향상시키기 위하여 실시할 수 있는 프로그램 개발의 필요성과 관련되어 논의되었다.

This study investigated the effects of a kindergarten after-school program using Anthony Brown's picturebooks on the happiness levels of 4- and 5-year-old children. The subjects consisted of 78 4- and 5-year-old children attending a kindergarten after-school program; of these, 39 formed the experimental group and 39 formed the control group. A detailed analysis of children's happiness level was undertaken to determine the levels of the two groups. A broad variety of activities using Anthony Brown's 12 picturebooks were applied to the experimental group for one ten-week period. The results of this study were as follows. First, the after-school program using Anthony Brown's picturebooks was effective in strengthening 4- and 5-year-old children's levels of happiness. Second, there was no difference in the effects of the program regardless of children's gender, and the effects of the program were much higher for 4-year-olds than 5-year-old children. The results of this study were discussed with the needs of development and application of a kindergarten after-school program for improving children’s happiness.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a sociability program for young children (Buddy TOC), consisting of cooperative activities, and to investigate its effects on children's sociability, such as empathy, self-regulation, and interpersonal skills. Methods: The contents of the program were extracted through a literature review and analysis of previous research. The goodness-of-fit of the drafted program was verified by specialists in early childhood education and through a preliminary study. The effects of 'Buddy TOC' were tested based on the selected 5 sessions with regard to children's empathy, self-regulation, and interpersonal skills. Overall, 70 participants (35 in the experimental group and 35 in the comparison group) were 4-year-olds, and 67 participants (33 in the experimental group and 34 in the comparison group) were 5-year-olds. The data were analyzed by conducting ANCOVA based on age. Results: Empathy, self-regulation and interpersonal skill of the 4- and 5-year-old children in the experimental group were higher than those of the comparison group, and there were slight differences according to the subareas. Conclusion/Implications: The field applicability and importance of 'Buddy TOC' as a sociability program, utilizing cooperative activities for the promotion of young children's social skills, were discussed.

본 연구는 세계시민교육을 위한 그림책 읽기 활동이 5세 유아의 친사회적 행동, 문제해결력에 미치는 효과를 알아보는 데 목적이 있다. 연구 대상은 5세 유아 32명(실험집단 17명, 비교집단 15명)으로 실험집단은 11주 동안 매주 2회씩 총 22회의 세계시민교육을 위한 그림책 읽기 활동을 비교집단은 누리과정에 참여하였다. 세계시민교육을 위한 그림책 읽기 활동의 효과 분석을 위해 SPSS WIN 26.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 t-검증, 공분산 분석을 실시하여 집단 간 차이를 살펴보았다. 연구결과 세계시민교육을 위한 그림책 읽기 활동이 유아 친사회적 행동에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 문제해결력은 부분적으로 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 교육현장에서 세계시민교육을 통한 친사회적 행동 향상을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

This study examines the effects of a picture book reading program for global citizenship education on the prosocial behavior and problem-solving skills of 5-year-old children. The study included a total of 32 participants (17 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The experimental group engaged in picture book reading activities for global citizenship education twice a week for a total of 22 sessions over 11 weeks, while the control group participated in the regular curriculum. To analyze the effects of the aforementioned activities, t-tests and covariance analyses were conducted using SPSS WIN 26.0 statistical software to examine the differences between the two groups. The results indicated that the picture book reading activities for global citizenship education had a positive effect on children’s prosocial behavior and partially improved their problem-solving skills. These findings provide foundational data for enhancing prosocial behavior through global citizenship education in educational settings.