년 - 년
위기관리 이론과 실천 한국위기관리논집 제12권 제2호 2016.02 pp.53-68
...education programs on disaster safety at the National Human Resources Development Institute to understand how those programs have been executed to reinforce civil servants’ disaster management competency after the national disaster management system reform. This study found that the Ministry of Public Safety and Security was aware of the need of reinforcing civil servants’ disaster management competency but several problems were found on the education and training programs such as limited legal system, lack of professional curriculum and time for education, and inadequate design of the programs. Therefore, in order to increase the disaster management capacity of public officials, it is critical to improve education and training programs through enhancing the expertise of educational institutions including contents and specifying the legal and institutional grounds for the programs.
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4,900원
본 연구에서는 재난관리시스템 재편에 따라 공무원의 재난관리역량강화를 위한 교육과정이 어떻게이루어지고 있는지를 살펴보기 위하여 국가공무원인재개발원의 재난안전에 관한 전문교육을 중심으로 분석하였다. 분석결과 재난관리시스템인 국민안전처의 후 공무원의 재난관리역량 강화에 대한필요성과 이를 위한 교육훈련의 중요성은 인식되고 있으나, 교육훈련부분에서 재난관리역량을 강화하기 위한 법령체계의 한계, 교육내용의 전문성 부족 및 교육시간의 부족, 피교육자 요구역량과 부적합한 교육훈련과정의 설계 등이 문제점으로 나타났다. 따라서 공무원의 재난관리역량의 강화를 위해서는 교육기관의 전문성, 교육내용의 전문성, 장기적 교육훈련과정 구성, 피교육자의 요구역량의도출을 통한 교육 등을 통하여 현장중심의 재난대응역량을 강화하기 위한 교육훈련 부문을 강화하는 것이 필요하다. 또한 원활한 교육훈련을 위하여 명확한 법⋅제도상의 명시도 함께 이루어져야할 것이다.
This study analyzes specialized education programs on disaster safety at the National Human Resources Development Institute to understand how those programs have been executed to reinforce civil servants’ disaster management competency after the national disaster management system reform. This study found that the Ministry of Public Safety and Security was aware of the need of reinforcing civil servants’ disaster management competency but several problems were found on the education and training programs such as limited legal system, lack of professional curriculum and time for education, and inadequate design of the programs. Therefore, in order to increase the disaster management capacity of public officials, it is critical to improve education and training programs through enhancing the expertise of educational institutions including contents and specifying the legal and institutional grounds for the programs.
일본의 공교육 개혁과 학습자 중심 교육의 전개 KCI 등재후보
한국일본교육학회 한국일본교육학연구 제20권 제2호 2016.02 pp.91-113
...education is a key word in progressive education. In Japan, these qualities of progressive education have been partly adapted as part of the national curriculum under the public education system. On the other hand, many of the qualities of progressive education have also been adapted for instruction improvement, alternative education, and the free school movement against public education. However, just because some of the qualities of progressive education were received in the national curriculum, it does not mean that the public education system has truly become more learner-centered, or that education for social responsibility and democracy has been developed. This is because that public education continues to emphasize achievement-oriented efficiency. In this paper, I will discuss the following: (a) the history of progressive education in Japan, especially learner-centered education since the Meiji period; (b) the qualities of the national curriculum and the new educational movement against the national curriculum since the 1980s; (c) the conditions of true learner-centered education. Through examining these three topics, we can understand the trend of learner-centered education in Japan. We can also understand the differences between a national curriculum under the public education system and new educational practices and movements.
※ 원문제공기관과의 협약기간이 종료되어 열람이 제한될 수 있습니다.
본 논문에서는 일본에서 전개되었던 공교육 개혁과 공교육 개혁의 대안으로 등장했던 학교 내외의 다양한 교육실천 및 교육운동의 특징에 주목해, 학습자 중심 교육이 갖추어야 할 요소가 무엇인지 규명해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 1980년대 이전에 일본에서 전개되었던 교육개혁의 동향을 개관하면서 그 흐름 및 특징을 살펴보았다. 둘째 1980년대 이후 전개되었던 교육개혁의 특징을 학습지도요령의 변천과정을 통해 살펴보았다. 셋째, 학습지도 요령과 공교육의 대안으로 등장한 교육실천 및 교육운동이 가진 특징을 비교·검토하면서 공교육 개혁의 한계 및 새로운 교육실천이 우리에게 주는 시사점을 검토해 보았다. 최근 회자되는 바람직한 교육의 모습은 학습자의 배움을 키워드로 사회에서 스스로 삶을 살아갈 수 있는 능력의 함양을 강조하고 있다. 그러나 다양한 장면에서 표방하는 학습자 중심의 교육이 진정으로 학생의 삶을 풍요롭게 하는 것인지에 관해서는 성급히 단정하기 어려운 것이 사실이다. 본 논문을 통해 일본의 학교 안팎에서 전개된 학습자 중심 교육의 양상과 더불어 최근 공교육 개혁을 통해 제시되는 ‘학습자 중심 교육’의 논리가 학습자에게 ‘선택의 자유’를 양도하면서 교육에 대한 국가의 공적 책임을 회피하려는 방향으로 나아가고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 공교육이 마땅히 추구해야 할 바가 무엇인지를 되물을 수 있는 기회를 제공한다.
Learner-centered education is a key word in progressive education. In Japan, these qualities of progressive education have been partly adapted as part of the national curriculum under the public education system. On the other hand, many of the qualities of progressive education have also been adapted for instruction improvement, alternative education, and the free school movement against public education. However, just because some of the qualities of progressive education were received in the national curriculum, it does not mean that the public education system has truly become more learner-centered, or that education for social responsibility and democracy has been developed. This is because that public education continues to emphasize achievement-oriented efficiency. In this paper, I will discuss the following: (a) the history of progressive education in Japan, especially learner-centered education since the Meiji period; (b) the qualities of the national curriculum and the new educational movement against the national curriculum since the 1980s; (c) the conditions of true learner-centered education. Through examining these three topics, we can understand the trend of learner-centered education in Japan. We can also understand the differences between a national curriculum under the public education system and new educational practices and movements.
本論文では日本で展開された公教育改革と公教育改革に対するものとして登場して学校内外で行われた多様な教育実践及び教育運動の特徴に注目し、学習者中心教育のもつべき要素について究明した。最近に論議されている望ましい教育の様子は学習者の学びをキーワードにして、社会で自らを営んでいける能力の涵養を強調している。しかし、多様な場面から標榜される学習者中心教育が真に学習者の生きることを豊かにするものなのか。これについて断定することの難しさがあると考えられる。本論文はこのような問題意識にもとづいて議論している。 このために、第一には1980年以前における日本で展開された教育改革の動向を検討しながら、その特徴を考察してみた。第二には1980年代以降から展開された教育改革の特徴を学習指導要領の変遷過程を通して検討した。これを明らかにするために公教育政策に対して登場した多様な教育実践及び教育運動も考察の対象にした。第三には学習指導要領と公教育の代案として登場した教育実践や教育運動のもつ特徴を比較しながら公教育が進むべき方向について提示してみた。 本研究は日本の学校の内外で展開される学習者中心教育の多様な実践とともに日本の学習指導要領の内容の変遷を通して学習者中心教育の様子を明らかにした点から意味が論じられる。また、日本の公教育改革が学習者に選択の自由を任せながら教育に対する国家の公的な責任を回避する方向へ進んでいたことがわかったことで、本論文は公教育政策が追求すべきことが何かを反問する機会を提供したという意味をもつ。
교육개혁에 관한 연구 -교원임용고사제도와 계약제교사선발제도를 중심으로
윤리철학교육학회 윤리철학교육 제9집 2008.02 pp.75-98
...Reform in the public educational system need without fail. It is for the solution of public educational problems. The wrong teacher,s personal policy is the best unreliable problem among all public educational problems lately. The best unreliable problems of the wrong teacher's personal policy is the problems in teacher appointment test system. The radical cause of public education collapse is owing to idleness, incompetency and misdemeanor of present teachers. It is because of the disqualified teacher is employed only from teacher appointment test system by paper and pens examination. Therefore, the best imminent problem in public education is teacher appointment test system divert contract teacher test system from paper and pens test system. Contract teacher test system is not only solve a false factors of public education but also act as measure for discriminate between a teacher of ability and disqualified teacher. The fair teacher appraise system is positively necessary for success the contract teacher test system without fail. It is for certify the quality and ability of present teachers strictly. It means that public educational teachers must be estimated by a many sided appraisal forms. Students and parents of student must take the lead in an estimate by a many sided appraisal forms. Teachers have to strive hard in order to self-realization for lifetime if only an estimate by a many sided appraisal forms go into effect successfully. It is owing to estimation must be go into effect for lifetime. Therefore, if so, the disqualified teacher cannot exist in schools any more. Public education will only revive again when idleness, incompetency and misdemeanor of present teachers can be prevented in sourcely. If so, Public educational schools will recover a lost confidence from students and parents of student again
※ 원문제공기관과의 협약기간이 종료되어 열람이 제한될 수 있습니다.
오늘날 교육문제를 해결하기 위해서 교육개혁은 반드시 필요하다. 교육문제 중에서 가장 큰 문제는 잘못된 교원인사정책이다. 그리고 그 잘못된 교원인사정책 중 가장 중요한 문제는 교원임용고사제도가 안고 있는 문제이다. 지필평가 위주의 교원임용고사로 선발된 부적격 교사들의 무능과 비리는 오늘날 공교육 붕괴를 초래한 가장 큰 원인이라고 볼 수 있기 때문이다. 따라서 교원임용고사제도를 계약제교사선발제도로 바꾸는 문제는 현재 우리공교육이 해결해야할 매우 시급한 문제라고 볼 수 있다. 계약제교사임용은 교원임용고사제도가 안고 있는 여러 가지 부실의 요인들을 한꺼번에 해결할 수 있으며 유능한 교사와 부적격교사를 가려낼 수 있는 척도로서 작용할 수도 있다. 계약제교사선발제도가 성공하기 위해서는 공정한 교사평가에 의해서 교사의 능력과 자질을 제대로 확인할 수 있는 교사 평가 제도가 반드시 필요하다. 그것은 학생과 학부모가 주축이 되고 교육의 이해당사자들이 모두 참여한 다면적인 교사평가방식에 의해서 교사를 평가해야 한다고 하는 것을 의미한다. 그럴 때 교사는 평생 동안 자신의 능력을 평가받아야 할 것이므로 한시도 방심하거나 자기개발 노력을 게을리 할 수 없다. 따라서 학교는 더 이상 무능하거나 부패한 교사가 설자리는 없게 될 것이다. 교사의 무능과 부패를 원천적으로 예방하고 방지할 수 있을 때 공교육은 학생과 학부모들로부터 잃어버린 신뢰를 다시 되찾을 수 있으며 붕괴로부터 다시 소생할 희망이 있다.
Today, Reform in the public educational system need without fail. It is for the solution of public educational problems. The wrong teacher,s personal policy is the best unreliable problem among all public educational problems lately. The best unreliable problems of the wrong teacher's personal policy is the problems in teacher appointment test system. The radical cause of public education collapse is owing to idleness, incompetency and misdemeanor of present teachers. It is because of the disqualified teacher is employed only from teacher appointment test system by paper and pens examination. Therefore, the best imminent problem in public education is teacher appointment test system divert contract teacher test system from paper and pens test system. Contract teacher test system is not only solve a false factors of public education but also act as measure for discriminate between a teacher of ability and disqualified teacher. The fair teacher appraise system is positively necessary for success the contract teacher test system without fail. It is for certify the quality and ability of present teachers strictly. It means that public educational teachers must be estimated by a many sided appraisal forms. Students and parents of student must take the lead in an estimate by a many sided appraisal forms. Teachers have to strive hard in order to self-realization for lifetime if only an estimate by a many sided appraisal forms go into effect successfully. It is owing to estimation must be go into effect for lifetime. Therefore, if so, the disqualified teacher cannot exist in schools any more. Public education will only revive again when idleness, incompetency and misdemeanor of present teachers can be prevented in sourcely. If so, Public educational schools will recover a lost confidence from students and parents of student again
영어 공교육 강화를 위한 멀티미디어 프로그램 활용 방안 및 사례 연구 KCI 등재
한국교원대학교 교육연구원 교원교육 제27권 제1호 2011.01 pp.153-177
...public schools does not prevail at the moment in spite of its success in some school classrooms. Therefore, the purpose of this quantitative and qualitative study to make a proposal of normalizing school education through using effective multimedia courseware in an ever strong wind of private language institute dependence on English education. This study exemplifies the effectiveness of a multimedia courseware, entitled Reading Assistant, which enables students to achieve reading fluency by raising phonic awareness through guided reading. Research was conducted in three different schools: a primary school, a middle school, and a high school. The results from the show positive effects that learners achieved in reading fluency, listening, and speaking. Furthermore, this study explored New Dynamic English with courseware management system to guide the student's learning and appropriate feedback. It is concluded that the blended model of combining conventional classroom teaching with multimedia courseware with courseware management system may be able to maximize the effect in learning English for the public schools, thus eliminating perceived need for expensive private lessons/institutes outside of public education. This study suggests to train how to use the courseware and the courseware management system in preparing English teachers and for inservice training of English teachers.
※ 원문제공기관과의 협약기간이 종료되어 열람이 제한될 수 있습니다.
우리나라의 영어교육은 고비용 저효율이다. 이러한 현상은 대학의 입시위주의 영어교육이 문제라는 지적이 있어왔다. 그리하여 정부에서는 대학 수능의 영어 평가를 국가영어 능력 평가시험으로 변화를 꾀하여 미래 지향적으로 전환 하고자 하고 있다. 그리하여 각 시도 교육청은 영어 공교육 강화 방안을 정책으로 추진하고 학교 영어교육의 패러다임을 변화하여 영어로 영어수업을 하게하고 원어민과 영어 전용 교실의 도입 그리고 영어마을 등 영어교사들의 영어 연수 등 많은 노력을 하고 있다. 본 논고는 ICT를 활용하여 현장의 영어 공교육을 어떻게 변화시킬 수 있는지 증명해 보이기 위해, 초-중-고등학교 그리고 예비 영어교사 대학생들에게 멀티미디어 코스웨어와 코스웨어 관리시스템을 활용하여 블렌디드 러닝을 학교 현장에 적용하여, 영어 공교육을 정상화하려고 하는 사례연구를 요약 보고하여 현장 영어 공교육의 정상화를 어떻게 할 수 있는지 구체적인 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 학습자들은 멀티미디어 코스웨어를 통하여 원어민의 발음와 충분한 입력을 받고 교실과 일상생활에서 부족한 연습을 할 수 있었고, 교수자는 코스웨어 관리시스템을 통하여 학습자들의 학습을 관리하여 수준별-개별적인 도움과 안내를 통해 학생 주도적으로 학습할 수 있도록 실질적인 도움을 제공할 수 있었다. 그리하여 학생들은 원어민의 도움 없이도 의사소통 능력을 신장할 수 있었고 이러한 코스웨어와 코스웨어 관리 시스템을 잘 활용하면 한국인 영어교사가 원어민 영어교사보다 더 효율적이고 효과적으로 가르칠 수 있다는 것을 증명해 보였다. 그리하여 본 사례연구는 정상적인 학교교육만 받아도 의사소통능력을 향상시킬 수 있다는 가능성을 증명해 보이고, 교육청이 하드웨어와 원어민 사업의 투자에만 정책적인 배려를 하지 말고 코스웨어 관리 시스템이 있는 코스웨어를 보급하고 하드웨어와 그러한 코스웨어를 학습에 잘 이용할 수 있는 교사 양성 및 연수를 실시하여 ICT와 코스웨어를 그리고 코스웨어 관리 시스템을 잘 활용할 수 있는 교사를 기르고 연수하도록 제언하고 있다.
Multimedia programs for English language Learning and teaching are considered to be very effective in learning English as a foreign language. However, implementation of multimedia courseware in public schools does not prevail at the moment in spite of its success in some school classrooms. Therefore, the purpose of this quantitative and qualitative study to make a proposal of normalizing school education through using effective multimedia courseware in an ever strong wind of private language institute dependence on English education. This study exemplifies the effectiveness of a multimedia courseware, entitled Reading Assistant, which enables students to achieve reading fluency by raising phonic awareness through guided reading. Research was conducted in three different schools: a primary school, a middle school, and a high school. The results from the show positive effects that learners achieved in reading fluency, listening, and speaking. Furthermore, this study explored New Dynamic English with courseware management system to guide the student's learning and appropriate feedback. It is concluded that the blended model of combining conventional classroom teaching with multimedia courseware with courseware management system may be able to maximize the effect in learning English for the public schools, thus eliminating perceived need for expensive private lessons/institutes outside of public education. This study suggests to train how to use the courseware and the courseware management system in preparing English teachers and for inservice training of English teachers.
Mimetic Diffusion and Public Education Reform
[NRF 연계] 한국공공관리학회 한국공공관리학보 Vol.33 No.3 2019.09 pp.81-106
...public education reform occurs among school districts. In the USA, school choice movement (SCM) has facilitated public education reform. It has provided scholars and political leaders with a competitive spirit and diverse innovative tools to reform America’s monopolistic and command-controlled public education system. Since many innovative SCM tools have been introduced to the conventional public education system in the early 1990s, the current picture shows that there is the significant variation in the degree of public education reform at the local level. Using Colorado’s school districts as the units of analysis, this article examines explanatory factors that lead this variation. The analyzed results of multiple ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis indicate that three independent variables?mimetic diffusion, interest groups, and student population?are statistically significant. Namely, these final findings demonstrate that a neighboring jurisdiction, interest groups, and student population size play an important role as factors in explaining this variation of local public education reform in the USA. Meanwhile, this study contributes to making the logic of diffusion phenomenon more concrete and creating two new terminologies?‘mimetic diffusion’ and ‘coercive diffusion’?by integrating the similar contents of both diffusion model and isomorphism.
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
The main purpose of this article is to examine why the variation in public education reform occurs among school districts. In the USA, school choice movement (SCM) has facilitated public education reform. It has provided scholars and political leaders with a competitive spirit and diverse innovative tools to reform America’s monopolistic and command-controlled public education system. Since many innovative SCM tools have been introduced to the conventional public education system in the early 1990s, the current picture shows that there is the significant variation in the degree of public education reform at the local level. Using Colorado’s school districts as the units of analysis, this article examines explanatory factors that lead this variation. The analyzed results of multiple ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis indicate that three independent variables?mimetic diffusion, interest groups, and student population?are statistically significant. Namely, these final findings demonstrate that a neighboring jurisdiction, interest groups, and student population size play an important role as factors in explaining this variation of local public education reform in the USA. Meanwhile, this study contributes to making the logic of diffusion phenomenon more concrete and creating two new terminologies?‘mimetic diffusion’ and ‘coercive diffusion’?by integrating the similar contents of both diffusion model and isomorphism.
The Determinants of Local Public Education Reform
[NRF 연계] 한국지방행정학회 한국지방행정학보 Vol.17 No.3 2020.12 pp.53-77
...public education reform. For this, the author explicates whether the roles of both neighboring school district and governance factors have explanatory power for the local public education reform. Many scholars prove that these two factors positively or negatively influence public education reform at the state level. However, the literature review has not proven that it is clear whether their roles are still important in explaining public education reform at the local level. It is an academic contribution of this study to empirically confirm their roles in the local public education reform. This study explores this unexploited research topic by analyzing the variation of the public education reform case that is shown in Colorado’s school districts. To complete this academic goal, this study constructs seven hypotheses and tests them with a statistical tool. The final statistical results reveal that both neighboring school district and governance factors drive a school district to more actively reform its own traditional public education system. On the other hand, the concept of charter school introduced as an example of an innovative educational institution is expected to provide a new guideline for the Korean education reform.
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
The primary goal of this article is to find why a school district more actively conducts its own public education reform. For this, the author explicates whether the roles of both neighboring school district and governance factors have explanatory power for the local public education reform. Many scholars prove that these two factors positively or negatively influence public education reform at the state level. However, the literature review has not proven that it is clear whether their roles are still important in explaining public education reform at the local level. It is an academic contribution of this study to empirically confirm their roles in the local public education reform. This study explores this unexploited research topic by analyzing the variation of the public education reform case that is shown in Colorado’s school districts. To complete this academic goal, this study constructs seven hypotheses and tests them with a statistical tool. The final statistical results reveal that both neighboring school district and governance factors drive a school district to more actively reform its own traditional public education system. On the other hand, the concept of charter school introduced as an example of an innovative educational institution is expected to provide a new guideline for the Korean education reform.
「워싱턴 디시 2007년 공교육개혁수정법」의 주요 내용과 쟁점 : 교육 거버넌스 변화를 중심으로
[NRF 연계] 대한교육법학회 교육법학연구 Vol.21 No.2 2009.12 pp.353-374
...Educational reform is one of the top policy issues in most countries because education is the basis of national competition. The Lee Myung Bak administration emphasizing efficiency is also reviewing several educational reforms such as the delegation of educational authority to local government, the legal authority of board of education, and the integration of educational administration to local government. The purpose of this study is to review the District of Columbia Public Education Reform Amendment Act of 2007 focusing on the American educational governance. This study analyzed its historical background, reform contents, pro and con rationals on the mayoral control of education. Furthermore, the study proposed several implications to consider in the Korean educational reform process. The educational reform governed by mayor in America has occurred in a few cities where colored students show a deep gap in academic achievements. In case of Korea, the delegation of authority on education from the national government to the local government is a precondition. The experience of educational autonomy is required more than the efficiency on the educational governance. It could be a pretext , however, to reform public education governance to mayoral control like Washington DC when the people's distrust and complain on the current educational issues continue. Therefore, the actors in educational governance should actively resolve pending issues before the politicians take action for integration of educational autonomy to local government under the pretext of efficiency. The continuous conflicts among the actors in educational governance are also an important threat to educational autonomy.
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
국가경쟁력의 바탕은 교육에 있으므로 교육 제도의 개혁이 각국의 중요 정책현안이 되고 있다. 효율성을 강조하는 이명박 정부도 교육권한의 지방정부에의 이양, 교육감 내지 교육위원의 선출방법 및 역할 재검토, 지방교육자치행정기관의 일반 행정기관과의 통합 논의 등의 교육 거버넌스 문제를 정책 현안으로 다루고 있다. 본 논문은 미국 워싱턴 디시 정부가 2007년에 취한 공교육개혁수정법의 주요내용을 분석하였다. 전통적인 교육위원회 중심의 교육 거버넌스를 시장(市長) 중심의 교육 거버넌스로 변경한 역사적 배경, 조치의 주요 내용, 핵심 쟁점인 시장 통제에 대한 찬·반 논거를 상세히 살펴보았다. 그리고 한국의 교육 거버넌스 논의과정에서 유의하여야 할 사항으로 공교육에 대한 국민들의 불신을 극복하지 못하면 교육자치를 제대로 해보지도 못하고 워싱턴 디시 경우처럼 일반 행정부서에로의 통합추진이 요구될 수 있는 빌미가 될 수 있다는 우려를 시사점으로 제시하였다.
Educational reform is one of the top policy issues in most countries because education is the basis of national competition. The Lee Myung Bak administration emphasizing efficiency is also reviewing several educational reforms such as the delegation of educational authority to local government, the legal authority of board of education, and the integration of educational administration to local government. The purpose of this study is to review the District of Columbia Public Education Reform Amendment Act of 2007 focusing on the American educational governance. This study analyzed its historical background, reform contents, pro and con rationals on the mayoral control of education. Furthermore, the study proposed several implications to consider in the Korean educational reform process. The educational reform governed by mayor in America has occurred in a few cities where colored students show a deep gap in academic achievements. In case of Korea, the delegation of authority on education from the national government to the local government is a precondition. The experience of educational autonomy is required more than the efficiency on the educational governance. It could be a pretext , however, to reform public education governance to mayoral control like Washington DC when the people's distrust and complain on the current educational issues continue. Therefore, the actors in educational governance should actively resolve pending issues before the politicians take action for integration of educational autonomy to local government under the pretext of efficiency. The continuous conflicts among the actors in educational governance are also an important threat to educational autonomy.
제2공화국 공교육부 장관 카르노의 완결되지 못한 교육개혁안
[NRF 연계] 한국프랑스사학회 프랑스사 연구 Vol.29 2013.08 pp.91-112
...reforme de l’enseignement publique propose par Hippolyte Carnot en 1848 a attire peu de historiens. Dans ce projet, residaient les reves de son pere Lazare Carnot et egalement ses propres experiences en tant que republicain de la deuxieme generation. Il voulait construire une republique, dans laquelle les citoyens disposeraient entierement leurs droits politiques, et pensait que l’enseignement gratuit, obligatoire et libre de l’influence de la religion en etait prealable. En tant que ministre de l’Instruction publique, il voulait garder la stabilite sociale par l’enseignement, mais celui-ci etait egalement un moyen essentiel a ameliorer la societe. C’est pourquoi un des elements importants de son projet concernait les instituteurs, consideres comme promoteurs de l’enseignement national, qui deviendrait fonctionnaires de l’Etat. Son essaie de mobiliser les instituteurs pour l’election d’avril a provoque la repulsion de ses ennemies et ainsi sa demission. Mais les essentiels de son projet restaient et seraient realises entierement dans les reformes de la Troisieme Republique.
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
Le projet de reforme de l’enseignement publique propose par Hippolyte Carnot en 1848 a attire peu de historiens. Dans ce projet, residaient les reves de son pere Lazare Carnot et egalement ses propres experiences en tant que republicain de la deuxieme generation. Il voulait construire une republique, dans laquelle les citoyens disposeraient entierement leurs droits politiques, et pensait que l’enseignement gratuit, obligatoire et libre de l’influence de la religion en etait prealable. En tant que ministre de l’Instruction publique, il voulait garder la stabilite sociale par l’enseignement, mais celui-ci etait egalement un moyen essentiel a ameliorer la societe. C’est pourquoi un des elements importants de son projet concernait les instituteurs, consideres comme promoteurs de l’enseignement national, qui deviendrait fonctionnaires de l’Etat. Son essaie de mobiliser les instituteurs pour l’election d’avril a provoque la repulsion de ses ennemies et ainsi sa demission. Mais les essentiels de son projet restaient et seraient realises entierement dans les reformes de la Troisieme Republique.
의료교육 개혁을 둘러싼 언론 보도 분석*- 지역의사제･공공의대 보도의 토픽모델링 및 감성 시계열 분석 -
[NRF 연계] 한국지방행정학회 한국지방행정학보 Vol.23 No.1 2026.04 pp.27-50
...public medical schools in South Korea evolved and accumulated over time (2020?2025), and how such dynamics contributed to the formation of policy legitimacy and acceptability. The dataset consists of 19257 news articles collected and cleaned from BigKinds, the news database of the Korea Press Foundation, using the keywords “regional doctor program/regional doctor/public medical school/regional healthcare.” The analysis proceeded in three steps: (1) annual frequency and proportion analyses of key policy-related terms, (2) LDA topic modeling based on a noun-focused bag-of-words representation, and (3) a time-series analysis of sentiment scores derived from the KNU Korean Sentiment Lexicon. The number of topics was determined as K=5 by considering coherence and perplexity scores. Findings indicate that the 2020 discourse was dominated by a conflict frame centered on medical school quota expansion and opposition from physician groups. In 2021?2022, however, the public medical school issue became increasingly politicized as it intertwined with region-specific agendas and electoral/budgetary debates. From 2023 onward, the relative prominence of topics related to essential healthcare and reforms of regional hospitals and emergency care systems increased, signaling a shift from a single-issue confrontation to broader emphases on structural vulnerabilities in the healthcare system and state responsibility. By 2025, topic proportions became more evenly distributed, suggesting the discourse had diversified and become more comprehensive. Meanwhile, sentiment analysis showed that yearly mean sentiment scores remained largely close to neutral, implying that discourse change was driven less by heightened affective polarization than by the redefinition and accumulation of interpretive frames. By conceptualizing the institutionalization of the regional doctor program not as a discrete legislative event but as an outcome of long-term discursive formation and the accumulation of legitimacy, this study proposes an analytical framework for understanding policy adoption in conflictual and highly specialized healthcare domains through media framing and the time-series dynamics of public discourse. Keywords: Topic modeling, regional doctor program, public medical schools, media discourse analysis, time-series analysis
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
본 연구는 2020~2025년 지역의사제 및 공공의대 관련 언론 담론이 시간의 흐름 속에서 어떻게 변화･축적되며 정책 정당성과 수용성 형성에 기여했는지를 분석하였다. 분석자료는 빅카인즈에서 ‘지역의사제/공공의대/지역의료’ 등을 포함해 수집･정제한 19,257건 기사이다. 연구는 연도별 키워드 빈도 분석, 명사 기반 LDA 토픽모델링, KNU 감성사전 기반 감성 점수 시계열 분석을 수행했으며 토픽 수는 K=5로 선정하였다. 결과적으로 2020년에는 ‘의대 정원 확대’와 ‘의사단체 반발’ 중심의 갈등 프레임이 우세했다. 2021~2022년에는 공공의대 이슈가 특정 지역 및 선거･예산 논의와 결합하며 정치화되었다. 2023년 이후에는 ‘필수의료’와 ‘지역 응급의료체계 개편’ 토픽이 확대되며 논의가 의료체계의 구조적 취약성과 국가 책임으로 이동했다. 2025년에는 토픽이 고르게 분포하며 담론이 다층화되는 경향이 나타났다. 감성 점수는 대체로 중립에 가까워 담론 변화가 정서적 편향보다는 문제 정의와 해석 틀의 축적을 통해 이루어졌음을 시사한다.
This study empirically examines how media discourse on the regional doctor program and public medical schools in South Korea evolved and accumulated over time (2020?2025), and how such dynamics contributed to the formation of policy legitimacy and acceptability. The dataset consists of 19257 news articles collected and cleaned from BigKinds, the news database of the Korea Press Foundation, using the keywords “regional doctor program/regional doctor/public medical school/regional healthcare.” The analysis proceeded in three steps: (1) annual frequency and proportion analyses of key policy-related terms, (2) LDA topic modeling based on a noun-focused bag-of-words representation, and (3) a time-series analysis of sentiment scores derived from the KNU Korean Sentiment Lexicon. The number of topics was determined as K=5 by considering coherence and perplexity scores. Findings indicate that the 2020 discourse was dominated by a conflict frame centered on medical school quota expansion and opposition from physician groups. In 2021?2022, however, the public medical school issue became increasingly politicized as it intertwined with region-specific agendas and electoral/budgetary debates. From 2023 onward, the relative prominence of topics related to essential healthcare and reforms of regional hospitals and emergency care systems increased, signaling a shift from a single-issue confrontation to broader emphases on structural vulnerabilities in the healthcare system and state responsibility. By 2025, topic proportions became more evenly distributed, suggesting the discourse had diversified and become more comprehensive. Meanwhile, sentiment analysis showed that yearly mean sentiment scores remained largely close to neutral, implying that discourse change was driven less by heightened affective polarization than by the redefinition and accumulation of interpretive frames. By conceptualizing the institutionalization of the regional doctor program not as a discrete legislative event but as an outcome of long-term discursive formation and the accumulation of legitimacy, this study proposes an analytical framework for understanding policy adoption in conflictual and highly specialized healthcare domains through media framing and the time-series dynamics of public discourse. Keywords: Topic modeling, regional doctor program, public medical schools, media discourse analysis, time-series analysis
공직 인사혁신에서 기대하는 인재 확보 방안: 공직가치와 교육훈련을 중심으로
[NRF 연계] 한국공공관리학회 한국공공관리학보 Vol.34 No.4 2020.12 pp.27-54
...public officials set up to realize public service innovation. First of all, it was analyzed whether the level of public officials' awareness of public service value(PSV) has actually improved as the Ministry focused on education and recruitment to secure talented people with firm PSV. An analysis was then conducted on how well individual and organizational achievements are linked to those who have received education and training to internalize the value of public office and supplement knowledge and skills in order to enhance their professionalism. The analysis results showed that both internalization of PSV and education and training have meaningful relevance to performance. The level of PSV awareness however showed greater relevance. This research is meaningful because it proved that the goal of redefining the value of public office initially set by the Ministry of Personnel Management, was in proper direction. Based on the analysis results, two methods of securing human resources expected in terms of implementation of personnel innovation were discussed to yield practical implications and policy suggestions.
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
이 연구는 인사혁신처가 신설된 지 5년이 지난 시점에 이르러, 공직개혁을 실현하기 위해 설정한 공직가치 재정립 과정의 효과를 전국 공무원 대상의 설문조사를 활용하여 검증을 시도하였다. 먼저 공직가치가 확고한 인재를 확보하기 위해 교육 및 채용에 집중해서 노력한 만큼 공무원들의 공직가치 인식 수준은 실제로 향상되었는지를 분석하였다. 이 경우는 입직시기별로 공직가치 인식이 달라지는 추이를 3년간 자료를 활용하였다. 그 다음은 전문성 제고 차원에서 태도로서의 공직가치 내재화와 지식 및 기술을 보완해주는 교육훈련을 받은 인재라면, 개인성과 및 조직성과를 얼마나 연계해내는지를 분석하였다. 검증 결과, 공직가치 내재화와 교육훈련 둘 다 성과와 관계가 있지만 공직가치 인식 수준이 더욱 높은 관계성을 보인다는 점을 발견하였다. 이를 통해 인사혁신처에서 초기에 설정했던 공직가치 재정립이라는 목표가 제대로 된 방향 제시임을 증명하였기에 이 연구는 의미가 있다고 할 것이다. 분석결과를 바탕으로 인사혁신의 이행 차원에서 기대하는 인재 확보의 두 가지 방안에 대해 실무적 함의와 정책적 제언을 논의하였다.
As the founding of the Ministry of Personnel Management has passed its five year mark, this research was designed to verify the effectiveness of the process of redefining the value of public officials set up to realize public service innovation. First of all, it was analyzed whether the level of public officials' awareness of public service value(PSV) has actually improved as the Ministry focused on education and recruitment to secure talented people with firm PSV. An analysis was then conducted on how well individual and organizational achievements are linked to those who have received education and training to internalize the value of public office and supplement knowledge and skills in order to enhance their professionalism. The analysis results showed that both internalization of PSV and education and training have meaningful relevance to performance. The level of PSV awareness however showed greater relevance. This research is meaningful because it proved that the goal of redefining the value of public office initially set by the Ministry of Personnel Management, was in proper direction. Based on the analysis results, two methods of securing human resources expected in terms of implementation of personnel innovation were discussed to yield practical implications and policy suggestions.
공공성 기반 고등교육 진단 및 미래 방향성 제안 : 전문가 그룹 면담(FGI) 분석을 중심으로
[NRF 연계] 인하대학교 교육연구소 교육문화연구 Vol.26 No.1 2020.02 pp.37-70
...public education aspects of characteristics of university have been focused in the modern industrial society for publics due to the increase of a large quantity of production and consumption and then the province of university has been changed from the pursuit of truth for academics to the role of community service in society. This study is to investigate the current issues and the future direction of higher education based on the public character. Using the focus group interview research method(FGI), 24 experts of education were interviewed via email and telephone regarding to several issues such as the outcome, limitation, policies, characterization, direction for the innovation of higher education in Korea. The findings are as follows. First, while the quantity of higher education has been expanded greatly, the quality of higher education has been decreased. Second, the critical problems of higher education in Korea are its hierarchy as well as standardization. Third, the financial support by the government for the higher education is limited comparing the quantity of university so consequently it causes a variety of problems in higher education such as the low quality of education, weakness of capability of research, losing the prestige of higher education, etc. Thus, the experts of FGI suggested the reform and innovation of higher education by weeding out the unqualified universities, fostering the region-based shared education system, reforming the structure of higher education based on characterization, preparing for the policy for financial support, and public management for community colleges. Most of all, the consensus goals and agreement for the innovation of higher education are needed for publics in society.
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
본 연구에서는 공공성 기반의 고등교육에 대한 진단 및 미래 고등교육 개혁의 방향성을 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를위하여 다양한 분야의 교육전문가 24명을 대상으로 우리나라 고등교육에 대한 성과와 한계 진단, 공공성 강화 정책에대한 의견 수렴, 고등교육의 특성화 방향, 그리고 미래 고등교육 개혁을 위한 정책 방향에 대한 면담 의견을 분석(FGI)하였다. FGI 내용 분석 결과 교육전문가들은 우리나라 고등교육의 공과로 양적 확대에 따른 고등교육의 보편화를 제시하였으나, 동시에 고등교육의 문제점, 한계, 그리고 현안으로 양적 확대를 따라가지 못하는 대학교육의 낮은 질적 수준을지적하였다. 또한 우리나라 고등교육의 주요한 특징이자 한계로 대학의 서열화 및 획일화를 지적하였다. 한편 고등교육의확대에 미치지 못하는 국가재정 및 정책지원으로 대학의 자생역량 상실, 연구력 및 경쟁력 약화, 노동시장 수급의불균형, 고등교육에 대한 위상 추락 등의 문제적 상황이 야기되었음을 제시하였다. 이에 교육전문가들이 제안하는미래 고등교육 혁신을 위한 정책 방향으로는 제한된 국가재정의 효율적 지원을 위한 방안으로 부실대학퇴출 및대학구조개혁, 거점국립(사립)대학 육성, 대학재정 확보방안 마련, 고등교육기관 재구조화 및 특성화 강화, 그리고전문대학의 공영화 등을 제안하였다. 이와 같은 고등교육의 공공성 확대에 대한 공감대가 있는 현 시점에서 국가차원의고등교육 교육개혁 방향성 확립에 대한 사회적 합의가 우선적으로 필요하다고 판단된다.
The province of university has been changed according to the time, place, and culture of society. The practical value and public education aspects of characteristics of university have been focused in the modern industrial society for publics due to the increase of a large quantity of production and consumption and then the province of university has been changed from the pursuit of truth for academics to the role of community service in society. This study is to investigate the current issues and the future direction of higher education based on the public character. Using the focus group interview research method(FGI), 24 experts of education were interviewed via email and telephone regarding to several issues such as the outcome, limitation, policies, characterization, direction for the innovation of higher education in Korea. The findings are as follows. First, while the quantity of higher education has been expanded greatly, the quality of higher education has been decreased. Second, the critical problems of higher education in Korea are its hierarchy as well as standardization. Third, the financial support by the government for the higher education is limited comparing the quantity of university so consequently it causes a variety of problems in higher education such as the low quality of education, weakness of capability of research, losing the prestige of higher education, etc. Thus, the experts of FGI suggested the reform and innovation of higher education by weeding out the unqualified universities, fostering the region-based shared education system, reforming the structure of higher education based on characterization, preparing for the policy for financial support, and public management for community colleges. Most of all, the consensus goals and agreement for the innovation of higher education are needed for publics in society.
우리나라 국·공립유치원 관련 문헌 및 인식조사에 기초한 바람직한 유아교육학제 개편
[NRF 연계] 한국유아교육학회 유아교육연구 Vol.26 No.4 2006.08 pp.121-150
...education system for young children, on the basis of research into national and public school system for early childhood education in Korea. Under this objective, literature on the history and current state of Korea’s national and public kindergartens was reviewed. Then, 64 supervisors, 943 early childhood practitioners, and 1,789 parents were surveyed on matters related to the national and public kindergarten system. The survey was conducted through a questionnaire that consisted of 3 sub-areas with 18 items. This survey finds that most of the national and public kindergartens consist of one or two classes attached to elementary schools. This scheme sometimes makes it possible for kindergarten teachers to share the schools’ instructional resources with elementary school teachers. However, this system has many problems. These kindergartens experience such difficulties as low quality of educational programs, insufficient understanding on early childhood education on the part of school principals and vice principals who have majored in elementary school education, regulations on the entrance age, and inappropriate equipment for young children’s development. These results indicate that the contemplated reform of the education system for young children should be made in a way to better promote the overall and balanced growth of children through qualitative early childhood programs. The most basic requirement is that a separate education system be secured to cover the national and public kindergartens for children aged 3 to 5. The desirable size of the kindergarten would be at least five classes. At each school, there would have to be the principal and the vice principal who can support teachers and help ensure the quality of education. The envisaged reform measures would also call for gradually expanding the national financial scale from starting at children aged 5 to covering aged 4 and 3.
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
본 연구는 우리나라 국․공립유치원 관련 문헌 및 인식조사에 기초하여 바람직한 유아교육학제 개편의 방향을 모색하기 위한 것이었다. 이를 위하여 우리나라 국․공립유치원의 발전과정 및 현황 조사, 관련 선행 연구 21편 분석, 그리고 장학사 64명, 교원 943명, 학부모 1,789명을 대상으로 우리나라 국․공립유치원의 현황 및 발전방향에 대한 인식을 알아보았다. 그 결과 현재 국․공립유치원의 대부분은 1～2학급으로 구성된 초등학교 병설유치원 체제로 초등학교와 물적, 인적 자원을 상부상조한다는 장점이 있으나, 질적인 교육과정 운영의 어려움, 비전공 원장․원감으로 인한 문제, 단일학급 운영으로 인한 취원 연령의 제한, 유아의 특성에 적합하지 않은 시설․설비 등의 문제점이 있었다. 한편, 아직까지 소수를 차지하는 공립 단설유치원 체제는 지역사회 유아교육의 발전을 주도해야 한다는 부담감이 있으나, 유아의 발달 특성에 적합한 교육과정 운영이나 시설․설비, 원장․원감의 지원 등의 장점이 있었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 바람직한 유아교육 학제 개편의 방향을 제시하면, 일차적으로는 만 5세 기본학제 안의 문제점을 직시하고, 만 3세-만 5세를 한 단위로 하는 것이 필요하다. 운영의 방식에서 있어서는 현재 병설유치원의 장점을 살리고자 한다 해도 만 3세, 만 4세, 만 5세 각 연령별 학급 구성이 가능하도록 최소 3학급 이상이어야 하며, 초등학교 내에 건물을 둔다 해도 초등학교와는 별도의 단독유치원으로 운영하고, 점차 전공 원장․원감이 배치된 5학급 이상의 단설유치원 체제로 발전시키는 것이 바람직하다. 한편, 장기적인 국가발전을 위해서는 출생에서 만 5세까지의 교육과 보육을 통합하여 하나의 유아교육학제로 하는 방안이 적극 검토되어야 할 것이다.
This study is to find a desirable education system for young children, on the basis of research into national and public school system for early childhood education in Korea. Under this objective, literature on the history and current state of Korea’s national and public kindergartens was reviewed. Then, 64 supervisors, 943 early childhood practitioners, and 1,789 parents were surveyed on matters related to the national and public kindergarten system. The survey was conducted through a questionnaire that consisted of 3 sub-areas with 18 items. This survey finds that most of the national and public kindergartens consist of one or two classes attached to elementary schools. This scheme sometimes makes it possible for kindergarten teachers to share the schools’ instructional resources with elementary school teachers. However, this system has many problems. These kindergartens experience such difficulties as low quality of educational programs, insufficient understanding on early childhood education on the part of school principals and vice principals who have majored in elementary school education, regulations on the entrance age, and inappropriate equipment for young children’s development. These results indicate that the contemplated reform of the education system for young children should be made in a way to better promote the overall and balanced growth of children through qualitative early childhood programs. The most basic requirement is that a separate education system be secured to cover the national and public kindergartens for children aged 3 to 5. The desirable size of the kindergarten would be at least five classes. At each school, there would have to be the principal and the vice principal who can support teachers and help ensure the quality of education. The envisaged reform measures would also call for gradually expanding the national financial scale from starting at children aged 5 to covering aged 4 and 3.
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