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The purpose of this study was to study the effect of an Information and communication technology (ICT)-based rehabilitation exercise program on upper extremity function and compliance of the health adults. A total of 20 subjects were enrolled in this study and assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group performed upper extremity exercises using an ICT-based rehabilitation exercise program, while the control group performed self-exercise without exercise equipment. Interventions were provided for 4 weeks, 4 times a week, 30 minutes per day in both groups. For primary outcome measurement, Handgrip were measured using a dynamometer, and for secondary outcome measurement, compliance with rehabilitation exercise was measured using a numeric rating scale. As a result of this study, the experimental group not only showed a statistically significant improvement in grip strength but also showed higher motivation and fun/interest in exercise compliance than the control group (all, p < 0.05). Therefore, this study suggests that the ICT-based rehabilitation exercise program can be an effective rehabilitation program in a clinical setting.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of treadmill training and Lee Silverman Voice Treatment(LSVT)-BIG program on the balance and gait functions of a patient with Parkinson's disease. A participant was a person who suffered from idiopathic Parkinson's disease. We used a single-subject experimental research design with reversal phases (A-B-A). Experimental session was eight sessions in three phases (a total of 24 sessions): (1) baseline phase (A), (2) intervention phase (B), and (3) withdrawal phase (A'). During all phases, a participant underwent daily routine rehabilitation therapy, including mat exercise, flexibility training, and therapist-guided functional activity. Furthermore, treadmill training and LSVT-BIG was additionally performed for 70 minutes, once per day in the intervention phase, which consisted of warm-up (5 minutes), LSVT-BIG (30 minutes), treadmill training (30 minutes), and cool-down (5 minutes). During the intervention phase, the TUG and 10MWT scores improved by 3.75 seconds (36.89 seconds to 33.14 seconds) and 2.28 seconds (26.07 seconds to 23.79 seconds) in average, respectively. And gains were maintained after the intervention. Furthermore, the BBS and DGI scores improved by 17 points (4 points to 21 points) and 11 points (6 points to 17 points) in average, respectively. These findings suggest that treadmill training and LSVT-BIG may be helpful to enhance balance and walking functions in a person with Parkinson’s disease. Further studies need to support these results.

The aim of this study is to find out the immediate effect of kinesio taping on static balance for stable ankles and functional instability ankles in general adults, and whether kinesio taping affects stable ankles as well as functional instability ankles. Twenty-two healthy adults were selected and divided into two groups(stable ankle group and functional instability ankle group) according to the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT). If the subject's CAIT score is 28 or higher, it is classified as a stable ankle, and if the CAIT score is 24 or lower, it is classified as a functional ankle instability. To determine the effectiveness of kinesio taping, the static balance ability(overall, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral stability index) was measured by the Biodex Balance System®. As a result, there was no significant difference on the static balance between before and after application of kinesio taping in both groups. And there was no significant difference between stable ankle and functional instability ankle groups. These results indicate that kinesio taping on stable and functional instability ankles for healthy adults has no immediate effect on static balance. In future studies, it will be necessary to examine the short-term and long-term effects of kinesio taping on elderly and subjects with ankle injuries.

The purpose of this study was to find out how each bag affects the muscle activity of the upper trapezius and erector spinae muscles when walking with a backpack and a shoulder bag. The study subjects were 25, and 17 males and 8 females were recruited. After walking from the 1st to the 6th floor with a backpack and a shoulder bag weighing 10% of the person's weight, walking 10m marked on the laboratory floor was performed. Surface electromyography was used to determine the muscle activity of both dorsal and vertebral pectoral muscles, and a pain sensor was used to determine the degree of pain. With PASW 18, the paired sample t test and one-way analysis of variance were used, and the Bonferroni correction was used for the post-test. There was a significant difference in the activity of the left and right muscles of the upper trapezius when wearing a shoulder bag and the difference in activity of the left and right muscles of the upper trapezius without wearing a bag. When worn, there was also a significant difference in the activity of the left and right muscles of the upper trapezius. There was no significant difference in the activity of the left and right muscles of the erector spinae muscle when the bag was not worn, and when the backpack and shoulder bag were worn. In addition, the erector spinae muscle showed consistently high muscle activity, unlike the upper trapezius, which means continuous muscle contraction of the erector spinae, which is a factor that can increase muscle fatigue. Therefore, it should be strengthened with a focus on the erect vertebrae rather than the upper trapezius. The results of this study inform those who wear shoulder bags that shoulder bags cause an imbalance in muscle activity of the upper trapezius muscle and may cause musculoskeletal problems. It is recommended to wear a backpack rather than a shoulder bag, and it will help to prevent the imbalance of the body.

Stretching exercises are known to help improve joint range of motion and mobility, but the appropriate exercise duration is not clear. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of stretching exercises for different durations on the Achilles tendon. This study was conducted on 24 healthy adult males and females. Active and passive dorsiflexion ranges of the ankle joint were measured using a smartphone application to investigate the effect of stretching exercises for different durations (15, 30, and 60s), and the pennation angle of the medial gastrocnemius muscle was measured using ultrasonography. Measurements were taken before, immediately after, and 5 and 10min after the stretching exercise. The active and passive dorsiflexion ranges and pennation angle significantly improved after stretching exercises for all tested durations. The active and passive dorsiflexion ranges measured immediately after the stretching exercise were significantly greater for the 30 and 60s durations than for 15s duration, with significantly decreased pennation angle the gains persisted even 5 and 10min after exercise. These results indicate that the stretching exercises for the Achilles tendon should be performed for more than 30s. This study provides useful information for clinical practice and research related to stretching exercises.

This study aimed to compare the effects of computerized-assisted cognitive rehabilitation (CACR) and conventional rehabilitation (CR) on visuospatial perception, visual field and attention, and visual memory in patients with unilateral spatial neglect. Forty-eight patients with unilateral spatial neglect were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=23) or the control group (n=25). The experimental group received CACR intervention using RehaCom software, including saccadic eye movement, visual field, and visual-motor coordination training, whereas the control group received CR, including hemispheric activation approach, mental imagery training, and vibration therapy. Interventions for the experiemntal and control groups were performed for average 30 minutes, five times per week for four weeks. Outcome measures comprised Motor-free visual perception test (MVPT) and line bisection test (LBT) for visuospatial perception, visual span test (VST) for evaluating visual field and attention, and Visual recognition test (VRT) for evaluating visual memory. Evaluations were performed before and after the intervention. In between- group comparison, improvements on MVPT, VST, and VRT scroes after the intervention were statistically significantly different between the groups (p<.01). In within-group comparison, both groups showed statistically significant improvement in all variables after the intervention (p<.01). These findings suggest that the CACR may be beneficially used to enhance visuospatial perception, visual field and attention, and visual memory for patients with the unilateral spatial neglect caused by brain damage. Further studies will be needed to warrant our results.

Background/Objectives: Manual therapy (MT) has been proposed in pulmonary rehabilitation programmes for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but an updated systematic review of the evidence is lacking. We aimed to systematically review the effectiveness of MT interventions, alone or added to exercise, on lung function, exercise capacity and quality of life in COPD patients. Methods/Statistical analysis: We searched PubMed, PEDro, CochraneLibrary, using the terms: COPD manual therapy, COPD AND manual therapy. Only randomised controlled trials (RCT) were considered. Findings: Out of 168 articles screened, 6 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Sample sizes varied from under 20 to over 200 participants ranging in age from 50 to over 60 years. ALL of the six studies reported improvements in lung function and exercise performance following MT intervention. Improvements/Applications: This review provides a methodologic evaluation of the evidence for using MT in the management of COPD. While the quality of the evidence provided by six experimental study was high, they were most of small sample sizes. These results highlight the need for further research into the use of MT in conjunction with exercise on people with COPD.

The purpose of this systematic review was to compare the therapeutic effects of various nonsurgical interventions in children with flat feet. A systematic search of two electronic databases (Google Scholar and PubMed) was conducted before March 2021, and of the 805 articles retrieved, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Among the nonsurgical interventions investigated, medial longitudinal arch and foot angles of the foot were shown to be more effective than other nonsurgical interventions of the foot orthosis (FO) and static stretching programs of the lower extremities. In addition, in the case of arch support and strength strengthening exercise, pain reduction and balance improvement were effective, and the activity daily living (ADL) of children with flat feet was improved. In conclusion, we suggest that the application of foot orthosis and static stretching exercises to lower extremity muscles could have a positive influence on treatment directly for pediatric flatfoot patients as an alternative to other nonsurgical interventions.