Earticle

불안으로인하여고통을겪고있는사람들이많다. 이들중에는불안으로인하여수면에어려움을겪는경우도있고심각한신체적인장애나심리적인장애를겪는경우도있다. 불안은건강한정서로서사람들의삶에적당한긴장과유익함을제공할수도있다. 그러나부정적인증상으로서사람들의일상생활을힘들게하기도하다. 또한대인관계에치명적인장애를주기도하고하나님과의영적생활에어려움을제공하기도한다. 본연구에서는불안에대한일반적인이해를시도했다. 불안의원인과치료법, 학습론적입장, 정신분석적인입장, 심리학적인입장, 행동주의적인입장, 신학적인입장, 그리고신앙적인입장등으로나누어서살펴보았다. 또한불안과기독교신앙의관계를다룬뒤에불안장애극복을위한목회상담적인접근을시도했다. 불안극복을위한목회상담은네가지영역에서시도되었다. 첫째는소리로접근하기이다. 둘째는은총으로인도하기이다. 셋째는목회상담자의자질갖추기이다. 넷째는글쓰기고백활용하기이다.

The main purposes of this study is to explores more desirableapproach of pastoral counseling for human beings suffering fromanxiety. Rollo May emphasized that anxiety is a part of all humanbeing. Above all, anxiety about death is the source leading to otheranxieties. Man often suffers from the mental disease because he istroubled in the mind about the complexities of destiny 문themeaning of existence. In the interpretation of anxiety, we conducted a psychoanalytic,behavioral, existential and biblical interpretation. With each area ofinterpretation the results were anxiety included a constructive andnegative. As to the therapeutic methods for anxiety, we analysed withpsychoanalytic, behavioral, existential and biblical approach.Consequently we discovered the disintegration of personality and theresulting therapeutic measure in Christianity. Christianity did not teachman to escape from anxiety, but rather exhort him to confront it.Biblical unique methods for the anxiety included an application ofBible, a prayer, a Bible reading. Approaches in pastoral counseling forthe anxiety are as follows: firstly, careful listening and support;secondly, leading to God’s grace; thirdly, competent pastoralcounselor with a good personality and faith; use of writing confessionas an effective counseling method.In conclusion, anxious persons revealed a decrease of anxiety andthe possession of an ultimate peace through knowing Jesus Christ bythe pastoral counseling and by the application of God’s reaction.

본논문의연구목적은내담자의죽음불안에대하여상담자가기독교상담의방법론을활용하여효과적으로상담할수있도록돕는것이다. 논문의목차는먼저불안의주제와관련하여불안의개념, 불안의종류, 불안의원인과불안의대상을설명한다. 그리고부가적으로불안을측정해볼수있도록불안에대한설문자료를제시하고있다. 다음으로, 죽음의주제와관련하여서죽음의유형과죽음의단계들그리고죽음과불안의합성어인죽음불안의다양한유형들에대하여언급한다. 그리고마지막장에서는죽음불안을느끼는내담자에대한기독교상담학적이론을제시한다. 본논문의연구방법은주로문헌연구의방법을선택하였으며, 연구의제한점은죽음불안에시달리는내담자들을임상적으로충분히상담하지못했다는것이다. 그리고이논문에서언급하는상담자는주로기독교인상담자를의미한다. 이점은기독교인이아닌내담자에게는제한점이될수도있다. 본논문의공헌점이라면불확실한미래에서확실한죽음에직면해야하는현대인들에게죽음과불안의주제를다루어보았다는것과, 내담자의죽음불안에대하여기독교상담학의한이론으로써필자가정립해가고있는‘아가페상담학’의이론을부분적이지만제시해보았다는점이다.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a Christian theory ofcounseling for the purpose that a counselor may effectively counsel aclient who suffers from death anxiety. The contents of this paper areas follows: First, the writer explains the issue of the concept ofanxiety, the patterns of anxiety and he reasons of anxiety.Additionally, the writer utilized the questions by William Backus toevaluate each person’s anxiety. Secondly, the writer present thematerials concerning the issues of death, which are, the concept ofdeath, the patterns of death, the stages of death and the issue of deathanxiety. A main research method of this paper is to analyse many bookswhich dealt with the issues of this paper effectively. The contributionof this paper is to deal with the issue of death anxiety, which is whatmost of people should counteract, a confident death in the midst ofan uncertain future through a Christian theory of counseling.While researching various theories of psychology and counseling,the writer needed to give a presentation of an evangelical theory thatcould impart life and the ‘agape’ love of Jesus Christ to the client. Forthis reason, the writer tried to deal with the issue of ‘agape’counseling through this paper. The writer got a hint from ‘Jesus’examples of counseling in the bible and made a new heading as anew paradigm of counseling among a lot of theories.This ‘agape’ counseling is the first theory that the writer presentedas a new paradigm of Christian counseling, but not the final theory which the writer will present eventually as a completed theory.Therefore, there is the task for the writer to completely formulate thetheory of this ‘agape’ counseling among the various theories ofcounseling.

본연구의목적은기독교청소년들의신앙요소에따른우울, 불안, 스트레스의관계를분석하였다. 본연구는2007년10월5일부터26일까지설문을실시하였고, 연구대상은예수교대한성결교회에서산지방회에소속된학생60명을대상으로설문을실시하여39부를최종분석에사용하였다. 측정도구는1995년P.F. Lovibond, 와S. H. Lovibond이개발한DASS(Depreesion Anxiety andStress Scales)를본연구자가번안하여사용하였다. 본연구에수집된자료는SPSS 11.5를이용하여통계처리하였다. 연구대상자의일반적인특성을알아보기위해빈도분석을하였고, 연구문제검증을위해일원변량분석(one-wayANOVA)을사용하였다. 연구결과는다음과같다.첫째, 신앙연수에따른우울, 불안및스트레스가유의미한차이가없는것으로나타났다. 이는우울이나불안, 스트레스가교회에다닌기간에상관이없다는것을의미한다.둘째, 부모의신앙유무에따른우울, 불안및스트레스가유의미한차이가없는것으로나타났다. 이는부모의신앙이자녀의우울, 불안, 스트레스에의미있는영향을미치지않는것을보여준다.셋째, 구원의확신에따른우울, 불안및스트레스가유의미한차이가없는것으로나타났다. 그러나평균을보면, 구원의확신을받고싶은청소년이우울감의평균이높은것을알수있다. 또구원의확신이없다고대답한청소년이불안의평균이높고, 구원받고싶다고응답한청소년의스트레스평균이높은것을알수있다. 이는통계적으로는유의미한차이는없을지라도고려해볼사항이다.넷째, 성경읽기에따른우울, 불안및스트레스유의미한차이가나타나지않았다. 그러나이결과를통해알수있는것은의미있는차이는아니었지만성경을매일읽는청소년들이우울, 불안, 스트레스를적게받는것으로나타나났다.다섯째, 기도생활에따른우울, 불안및스트레스유의미한차이가나타나지않았다. 그러나매일기도하는청소년들이우울, 불안을적게경험하는경향성을보였다.이상의연구결과에서신앙적요소가유의미한차이는나타나지않았지만우울, 불안, 스트레스가신앙요소의영향을받는경향성을나타내었다.

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship betweendepression, anxiety, and stress of Christian youth’s faith. This studywas surveyed from October 5, 2007 to October 26, 2009. The studytarget were 60 student sin SeoSan District in Jesus Dae Han HolinessChurch and 39 copies of the final analysis answers were used. Themeasure tool used was developed by P. F. Lovibond and S. H.Lovibond; Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales: DASS in 1995. Inthis study, collected date stook care of using SPSS 11.5. To find outgeneral the character of the study subjects tried to use frequencyanalysis, and to identify study problem the one-way ANOVA analysiswas used. The study results were as follows:First, depression, anxiety, and stress by faith of years indicated thatthere was no significant difference. It means that those feelings didnot have to do with attending church. Second, it showed that the faithof parents did not influence the feelings of the study subjects. Third,salvation also had nothing to do with these feelings. However, it wasfound that the average number of students had a higher level ofdepression. The youth who was not convinced by salvation have ahigher level of anxiety; the youth who want to be saved have ahigher level of stress. Even though there is no significant difference, itis something to be concerned of. Fourth, reading the thine showed nosignificant difference in the feelings. Those who read the bibleeveryday appeared to have little more depression, anxiety, and stress. Fifth, prayer did not affect them either. The youth who prayedeveryday showed little experience of depression, anxiety, and stress.The research shows depression, anxiety, and stress is influenced bythe factor of faith.

본연구는열등감의원인에대한성경적관점을고찰한것이다. 태어날때부터열등감을가지고태어난다고본Alfred B. Adler의시각에서바라본다면열등감에대한연구는연약한인간에대한이해로부터시작해야한다. 이에본연구는인간에대한정확한이해를위하여성경적인시각에서인간을바라볼것과인간의본성적인죄의문제가열등감에어떠한영향을미치는지에대해고려할것을전제로하고있다. 또한현대사회의수많은정보와메시지들가운데왜곡된정보가우리에게미치는영향들을분별하여열등감에대해바른시각으로접근할것을제안하였다.본연구에서살펴본열등감의성경적관점에서의원인은첫째, 교만이다. 인간에게어떠한방법으로열등감이들어오기시작하였는지죄의시작으로부터살펴보면서하나님의영광을차지하려는본성적인죄인으로서의모습을고찰하였다. 둘째, 하나님의메시지와사탄의메시지이다. 하나님의메시지와사탄의메시지를분별하지못하는나약함과하나님을떠나영적으로어두운상태에서자기자신의존재가치에대한절박한평가에매달리는모습들을살펴보았다. 셋째, 자기욕구라는우상이다.지금까지인정받고사랑받고싶어하는욕구가어떻게인간에게열등감을심어주는지살펴보았다. 본연구는인간은누구나상처를받으며연약한존재로살아가지만그이면에존재하는죄성까지합리화할수없다는것을전제하면서열등감에대한바른시각과그원인에대하여제시하고있다.

This paper is pondering the reason of inferiority in the Biblicalpoint of view. Also this study is a proposition to understand the rightsof human beings in the Biblical view point. This creates the instinct ofbeing a sinner as it separates the proposed facts about inferiority.According to our this research, the first reason of inferiority is pridein the Biblical view point. Human beingis are creatures of the God,but the sinner instinct of people triggered the desire to achieve glorywhich belongs to God. As a result, people became criminals. OnlyGod can solve our sin and make us perfect. The second is confusionbetween of the message of the God and the message of the Satan. Weare trying not to think by the grace of God, I am what I am, to avoidjudgement from other people. We have no the spiritual awakeningbetween the message of the God and the message of the Satan. Thethird reason is idol of self desire. The desire to get love and to getrecognition from people cause the inferiority.Finally this study concludes that you can not retrieve ones selfrespect and love it concurrently it can only be retrieved through yourrelationship with God.

본연구는기독교상담에서내담자의변화를가져올수있는바람직한상담기법의하나인격려에대하여다루었다. 상담자는내담자를돕기위한격려의사람이어야한다. 이를위해상담자는자신이객관적인시각에서내담자의문제를정확하게진단할수있어야하며시기적절하게격려를사용하여상담을수행할수있어야한다. 특히기독교상담에서의격려는고통받는내담자의마음을위로하고용기를불어넣어줄뿐만아니라그리스도의사랑을전할수있는위력이있기때문에상담자는어떻게격려를할수있는가를생각해야한다.따라서본연구에서는상담에서격려의필요성, 격려의정의와개념, 성경에나타나있는격려, 격려의효과, 효과적인격려를위한기법, 격려를위한상담자의조건등을다루었다. 상담에서격려의사용은내담자자신의신념을긍정적으로변화시키며자기존중과자기수용을향상시킨다. 내담자는격려를통해자신의소속에대해만족감을느끼게되며자신의불완전함을인정하는용기를갖게된다. 이는낙담한사람들이갖는부정적인자기개념과기대를변화시켜스스로회복하도록돕는것이므로상담에서격려는충분히활용되어야할것이다. 아울러기독교상담자들은격려를통해모든인간이각각그리스도의한지체로서고유하게가지고있는무한한가능성과잠재력을최대한개발하고활용하여의미있는삶을살수있도록도와줄수있도록훈련되어야한다.

This paper handles one of the preferable counseling methods thatcan cause changes to clients and encouragement. A counselor mustbe a person of encouragement who helps his/her clients. To achievethis, a counselor must know how to diagnose his/her clients’ problemaccurately and perform counseling through using encouragement atthe right time. A counselor should think of ways of encouragementsurae this, especially in Christian counseling, do not only consoleclients’ suffering minds but also spread the love of Christ.For these reasons, this paper handles the necessity ofencouragement, concept and definition of encouragement,encouragement in the Bible, effect of encouragement, techniques foreffective encouragement and a counsellor’s condition forencouragement. The use of encouragement in counseling changesclients’ beliefs into positive one and improve their self-respect and self-accommodation. Through encouragement, clients feel contented abouttheir positions and have the courage to accept their imperfections. Thisconsequently helps in offering for discouraged people to change theirnegative self-concepts and expectations, thus eventually help them torecover by themselves, encouragement must be sufficiently used incounseling. In addition, Christian counselors must be trained to helpindividuals develop their infinite potentialities to the greatest extentand eventually live meaningful lives through encouragement.

본연구는기독교상담의시각을통하여, 자기노출의정의와개념이해, 상담자와내담자의자기노출, 자기노출의성경적의미인고백의의미에초점을두고있다. 먼저자기노출의상담학적효과의유익한점과고백의육체적, 심리적, 영적효과그리고고백의한계에대해다루고있다. 자기노출은한개인이타인에게자기스스로고민하고있는문제, 다른사람의관심사, 그리고그밖의주변상황에대하여가지는느낌이나반응을솔직하게이야기하는것을의미하는데,이것은정신건강에유익하다. 인간은자기노출의경험을통하여참자기와접촉할수있게되고이를바탕으로자신의삶을더욱좋은방향으로이끌수있고타인과우호적대인관계를발전시킬수있다는것이자기노출에대한본논문의전제이다.이러한전제를바탕으로본연구는상담자의자기노출효과를제시하며, 자기노출의성경적의미인고백의근거와원리들을다루고있다. 이어기독교상담을통한자기노출과고백의유익을육체적, 심리적, 영적으로밝히고있는데, 동시에자기노출의다양한한계들과주의사항들을지적하고있다.

This paper focuses on the comprehension of definition and conceptof self-disclosure, self-disclosure of a counselor and a counselee,meaning of confession which is the Biblical meaning of self-disclosure, through perspective of a Christian counseling. Firstly, thisstudy deals with the effects and usefulness of self-disclosure inChristian counseling, and the physical, psychological, spiritual effectsof confession and its restrictions. Self-disclosure means that oneopenly tells another person about his own problem, interest, andfeeling and reaction to circumstances and people. This is very usefulto his mental health. The premise of this paper on self-disclosure isthat humans could contact with the real self through experience ofself-disclosure, thus leading his life to the better way on that basis,and developing friendly relationship with others.Under this premise, this paper deals with the foundation andprinciples of confession and suggests the effects of self-disclosure ofthe counselor. It also explains the usefulness of self-disclosure andconfession by Christian counseling in the physical, psychological, andspiritual dimension. In total correlation of this paper points out therestrictions of self-disclosure and it’s concerns that demands specialattention.

예배는그리스도인의마땅한본분이며삶의목적이다. 사회문화적변천은이러한그리스도인의임무를도태시키고하나님의창조물인가정을붕괴시키는원인이되었다. 가정의시작은원치않아도곧갈등과위기를맞게되고가족구성원들은많은문제에직면하게된다. 하지만그리스도인은그문제의해답을제시받을수있다. 하나님을인정하는것이다. 그것은예배를통해서가능하다.그중가족구성원들이함께하는가정예배는가족의기능을향상시키고건강한가정으로나아가게하는원동력이된다. 가정예배를통해부모는끊임없이인내하고헌신하여자녀를그리스도인으로성장시켜야하는사명을감당한다. 하나님의말씀과부모의모델링으로교육되는자녀는건강한가정에서건강한자녀로성장할것이다. 또한, 가정예배중에임재하시는하나님을체험하고가족이서로를위해기도할때영적성장을이루게되고, 가족은사랑과믿음으로결속되어가정창조의목적인바람직한성경적가정이될것이다.

Worship is under an obligation of course for christians to do andthe object of life. The change of society and culture led todeterioration of this duty for christians and the destruction of thefamily unit that God created. With the creation of a family, householdmembers will unavoidably face many problems, conflicts and crises.But, christians could discover the answers to the problems. It isthrough accepting God. It is possible to receive the answer throughworship. Through family worship where all household membersparticipate in, the functions of our homes improve and familiesbecome healthy.Through family worship, parents should accomplish their missionin developing children to grow as christians patiently and devotedly.A child brought up in the words of the Lord and the role model ofparents will grow up as healthy child in a sound home. When familymembers find the presence of the Lord during family worship andpray for each other, a family will be strengthened with members’solidarity with love and belief and become a desirable Biblical homewhich was the object of God in creating the family.

본연구는청소년에대한올바른이해와청소년기에경험할수있는열등감을성경적상담을통하여그해결방안을살펴보았다. 청소년들의문제를돕기위해서는먼저청소년기에대한올바른이해가필요하다. 그러므로본고에서는먼저학자들이말하고있는청소년기의정의와특징에대하여살펴보았다.그리고청소년기나타날수있는열등감의정의와원인을살펴보았다. 또한청소년기에나타난열등감을통하여어떤결과가나타나는가를살펴봄으로써청소년기의열등감해결방안으로성경적상담을제시하였다.열등감극복을위한성경적상담의방법을논하면서성경인물들의열등감극복을살펴보았다. 성경인물가운데모세, 사울과다윗, 바울이어떻게열등감을극복하게되었는가를연구함으로써청소년들이자신의열등감을어떻게극복할것인가하는문제제시를하고자했다. 그리고청소년기열등감에대한상담과극복방법에대하여열등감수용하기, 타인인정욕포기, 긍정적자신감갖기,주변도움을통하여열등감을극복할수있는방안으로제시하였다.위의연구를통하여열등감에빠진청소년들이하나님의말씀안에서자신의존재가치를발견함으로써열등감의문제를해결해보고자하였다.

This study is a method by Biblical counseling for the correctunderstanding of youth and the complexities that can be experiencedduring their adolescent years. It is necessary to understand youths tohelp with their problems. Therefore in this study the definition ofcharacter and youth are to be examined first. Then, the definition andthe cause of complexities are examined. Through the results, itappears that Biblical counseling is proposed as a solving method foryouth complexities.While discussing the biblical method for overcoming complexities,it also examines how the bible characters’ overcame theircomplexities. The study showed how the bible characters, Moses,Samuel, David, and Paul overcame their complexities. This suggests atheory of how youths overcame their complexities. This presents theovercoming method to complexities through the different methodswhich includes, accepting complexities, giving up recognitions foranother person, getting affirmative confidence through counseling andovercoming the method for the complexities of youth. The studyshows that the solution of complexities is that the youth who hasfallen because of his complexities discover their true value in God’sword.