Earticle

본 연구의 목적은 창작자 중심연구로서 메를로-퐁티의 현상학을 근간 한 만든 창작 구성 체계를 실제 나의 작품인 <태권, 춤을 품다>에 적용 하여 분석하는 것이다. 연구방법은 1인칭 관점의 자전적 내러티브 연구 방법과 메를로-퐁티의 현상학을 차용한 질적 연구 방법이다. 연구결과는 ‘창작구성 체계’는 4단계로 창작구상 단계, 연습 과정 단계, 창작 결 과 단계, 평가 및 반성 단계이다. 이 틀에 따라 반성적 견지에서 나의 창 작품에 적용하여 새롭게 발견되는 현상들을 찾고자 하였다. 특히, 창작 결과 단계에서는 메를로-퐁티의‘보이는 세계’와 ‘보이지 않는 세 계’의 개념을 적용하여 기술하였다. 실제 작품에 적용해 본 결과, 각 단계 전반에서 상호작용과 반성적 측면이 모두 발현됨을 확인하였다. 무 용 작품을 만들 때 창의적 움직임을 고안하는 과정에서 발견된 주요 현 상으로는 끊임없는 자기반성적 사고와 성찰이 있었다. 창의성을 발현하 고 구현하는 원동력으로서 자기반성과 성찰의 횟수, 시간과 몰입도가 깊 을수록 고안되는 창의적 움직임의 깊이 역시 비례 증가 되었다.

The purpose of this study is to expand the study of dinosaurs and analyze the components of a toy based on Merleau-Ponty's disaster theory by applying them to my work <Taekwon, Embracing Dance>, which is actually made. The research method is an autobiographical narrative research method from a first-person perspective and a qualitative research method borrowing Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology. The research results show that the ‘creative composition system’ has four stages: the creative conception stage, the practice process stage, the creative result stage, and the evaluation and reflection stage. Following this framework, I attempted to find newly discovered phenomena by applying it to my creative works from a reflective standpoint. As a result of applying the four-stage creation system to the creation process of actual works, it was confirmed that both interactive and reflective aspects are expressed throughout each stage. This is the driving force for expressing and implementing creativity, and as the number of self-reflections, time, and depth of immersion increases, the depth of creative movements designed also increases proportionally.

본 연구의 목적은 인지적 업무분석(CWA) 프레임워크를 활용하여 중학생들의 공공도서관에서의 정보행태를 조사하며, 도서관 공간에서의 행태 분석 연구에서 CWA의 효과를 파악하는데 있다. 연구방법으로 CWA 프레임워크를 적용한 심층면담과 관찰방법을 사용하였다. 연구 결과 학생들이 보고서 작성을 위해 도서관에서 자료를 찾을 때, 보고서에 적합한 자료, 도서관 자료의 한정성, 도서관의 개관시간, 자료의 이용 가능성 등이 정보행태에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이용 행동은 크게 3가지 타입으로 보여주고 있는데, 온라인목록을 이용하여 자료의 청구기호를 확인한 후, 서가에서 자료를 찾아 열람테이블에서 보고서를 작성하는 타입, 바로 서가에 가서 필요한 자료를 찾아 대출하는 타입, 도서관 직원에 의존하여 자료를 대출하는 타입으로 구분되었다. 또한 CWA는 도서관 공간에서 정보행태를 조사하는데 효과적이지만, 여러 가지 복합적인 조사가 누적되어야만 효과적으로 공간을 재구성하는데 적용할 수 있다고 본다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the information behavior of the junior high school students in the public library and to find the effectiveness of the behavior analysis using a cognitive work analysis(CWA). Data was collected through a dept interview and an observation method. Results show that the students had four constraints when they searched materials for reports: relevant materials for reports, limitation of materials, opening hours, use possibility. There are three behavior types. A type is that students find materials on the shelf through searching an online catalog, then make a report using reading the materials. B type is that students find materials on the shelf and check out the materials. C type is that students find materials and check out them by library staff help. CWA can be used for the information behavior research on the library space. CWA can, however, apply for space redesign when various researches would be conducted about the information behavior.

In order to shorten construction duration in high-rise project, construction company tried to make various system method toward simplifying construction method and shortening construction duration. Though high-rise tower-type residential project are growing, there are few case study. Then, the data for preliminary schedule planning in high-rise tower-type residential project are rare. This purpose of research shows construction method in structural work in high-rise tower-type residential project, suggests schedule planning in structural work through case studies. The structural work in high-rise tower-type residential project was divided 1) completion of form in lower part and 2) the typical floor under penthouse. The statistical analysis were done in two parts, the data from analysis were used in simulation. Finally, researcher confirmed the difference between real construction duration and the figure from simulation. The results shows that the more construction duration is long, the less ACS's cost is low. It means the effectiveness is increasing in ACS, if the floor number is high.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test a predictive model that could predict and explain work effectiveness among staff nurses at local hospitals. Methods: Between April 1 and May 15, 2009, 340 nurses were recruited from two hospitals (one in Ulsan and one in Yangsan). Data were collected via self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: A modified model was retained, as the final path model showed a very good fit with the data. Job characteristics and compensation justice were found to have direct and positive effects on empowerment. Job characteristics, transformational leadership, and empowerment were found to directly and positively affect work effectiveness. In addition, job characteristics were found to have a greater effect on empowerment and work effectiveness than other factors do. Conclusion: This structural equation model was used to test the relationships between these factors and work effectiveness. Empowerment mediated the relationship between job characteristics, transformational leadership, and work effectiveness. Findings from this study can be used to design the strategies for increasing work effectiveness in Korean nurses.

Purpose: The performance of a task is influenced by the perception of its demands and the development of a response according to the movement pattern. This study aims to compare the change in kinetic variables and quadriceps muscle activity according to demands on angular velocity. Methods: Thirty-eight participants performed knee extensions at self-selective angular velocities of slow, moderate, and fast. Angular velocity, kinetic variables, and muscle activity (vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and rectus femoris) were measured using a dynamometer and surface electromyography. kinetic variables and muscle activity of the knee extensors at three self-selected angular velocities were compared and correlations between the variables were analyzed. Results: There were significant differences in muscle activity and kinetic variables among angular velocities (p<0.001). Self-selective angular velocity was positively correlated with muscle activities and kinetic variables (p<0.001). The power in fast was 40 times higher than that in slow velocity. Conclusion: The simultaneous increase in angular velocity and force output was based on increased effort. The highest power was indicated for the fastest movement. We discovered that muscle activity and torque increased at a similar rate for increasing demands on angular velocity. The individual's most appropriate pattern would have been applied at the movement of self-selective angular velocity, and fast movement is considered to have the highest efficiency.

Purpose: This study was performed to identify factors associated with nursing performance, classify potential profiles of nursing performance-related variables, and explain their effects on nursing performance. Methods: The study involved 245 nurses at a University Hospital in South Korea from September 1 to 14, 2021. The participants were nurses in a ward who operated within a team and had at least 6 months of clinical experience. Structured questionnaires were used to measure variables, and data were collected online using Google Forms. Using latent profile analysis, the participants were classified into four human resource and job attitude profiles. Linear regression was used to identify relevant factors, and one-way analysis of variance was employed to examine the differences in nursing performance between the four profiles. Results: Shared leadership (β=.30, p<.001) was most strongly associated with nursing performance, followed by authentic leadership (β=.16, p=.009), and education level (β=.15, p=.006). Significant differences in nursing performance (F=22.48, p<.001) were observed across profiles, with the groups deemed "excellent" and "best" scoring higher in nursing performance and authentic leadership compared to the "fair" and "worst" groups. However, no significant difference in education level was found across the latent profiles (p=.212). Conclusion: This research examined the impact on nursing performance through variable-centered analysis and a person-centered approach. Accordingly, this study provides valuable insights for interpreting the results of linear regression analysis, highlighting the need to consider individual heterogeneity.

There are emerging international trends in social work scholarship toward increasing attention to spirituality in research and publications. However, little has been published about this beyond the North American and European contexts. Therefore, this article explores the state of the art scholarly social work publications in an East Asian country, the Republic of Korea. First, a brief overview is given of the history and current situation of connections between spirituality and religions with social work in Korea. Then, results of a content analysis of Korean academic journal articles are presented to indicate the state of the art and implications for further work, including international collaborations. The content analysis revealed that there is relatively little empirical work in this area, although it has grown in recent years. Most of the empirical research is based on simple statistical methods while systematic qualitative studies are lacking. Conceptual work provides guidelines for various religious specific approaches to social work; development of approaches that are inclusive of diverse religious and nonreligious spiritual perspectives is just beginning. However, there are indications of the potential for a significant increase of scholarly work on spirituality and social work. International collaborations could facilitate this.

Purpose: While digital transformation has become a necessary trend for hospitals, it imposes technostress(TS) on nurses working on the healthcare front lines. According to previous research, it increasesconflict between nurses and patients, but the mechanism and age difference are ignored. Methods: A total of 672 nurses were recruited from five hospitals in Liaoning Province, China. Networkanalysis was adopted to analyze the network characteristics among TS, job burnout (BO), and workengagement (WE), as well as to compare gender differences. Results: The expected influence of techno-induced invasion of privacy was highest for nurses agedbelow the age of 40 (±1.15), while techno-induced role ambiguity was more significant for those agedabove 40 years (±0.98). The betweenness of BO was highest (emotional exhaustion = 1.34 andcynicism = 1.77). For nurses aged below 40, the betweenness of cynicism was higher (2.06) than that ofolder nurses, and it had a negative association with dedication (W = ?? .08). Conversely, for older nurses,the betweenness of cynicism was higher (1.27) compared to nurses below 40 and was negativelyassociated with absorption (W = ?? .06). Conclusion: (1) Younger nurses suffer more from invasion of privacy, while older nurses are moreconcerned about role ambiguity. (2) Technostress is positively and directly associated with BO and hasan indirect negative relationship with WE through BO. (3) Controlling cynicism is more important foryounger nurses, while emotional exhaustion is more important for older nurses. This research helps inunderstanding the complex interrelationships and helps hospital administrators to better addressnurses' stress and adapt targeted strategies during digital transformation.

Due to high ergonomic risks, forestry considered a high-priority issue in forest workers' health. Timber production workers usually work in open environments, where harsh conditions such as rough terrain and extreme weather. Lack of experience, improper equipment and other related factors can negatively impact occupational health and safety (OHS). In this study, work posture analysis was performed by using computer vision technique. Real-time joint angles were calculated using a MediaPipe-supported system based on machine learning (ML) technique. Real-time joint angle data extracted from video frames were used to compute Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) scores instantly. Besides the entire body analysis, each limb could be assessed separately. The initial user impressions regarding the system were assessed. This method enables the collection of detailed data, which can regularly accumulate into a largescale dataset appropriate for big data applications. CV-based work posture analysis is promising technique as a method open to development as an adaptive system. The risk of biased evaluations in expert observations during body posture analysis can be minimized.

Background: As the number of nuclear facilities nearing their pre-determined design life increases, demand is increasing for technology and infrastructure related to the decommissioning and decontamination (D&D) process. It is necessary to consider the nature of the dismantling environment constantly changing and the worker doing new tasks. A method was studied that can calculate the effect of learning and the change in work time on the work process, according to the learning-forgetting curve model (LFCM). Materials and Methods: The LFCM was analyzed, and input values and scenarios were analyzed for substitution into the D&D process of a nuclear facility. Results and Discussion: The effectiveness and efficiency of the training were analyzed. It was calculated that skilled workers can receive a 16.9% less collective radiation dose than workers with only basic training. Conclusion: Using these research methods and models, it was possible to calculate the change in the efficiency of workers performing new tasks in the D&D process and the corresponding reduction in the work time and collective dose.

The purpose of the study is examining the wok alienation of secondary vocational school teachers. The sample of the study was composed of teachers(N=1447) employed in secondary vocational schools in 6 provinces in 2016-2017 academic year. For data collection purposes, "work alienation scale" developed by Chung-Shan Sun (1999) was utilized to determine alienation levels. Research results show that teachers felt alienated from school followed by feelings of unaccomplished, meaninglessness, irregularity and powerlessness. In general, correlation existed between the alienation level and the factors including sexuality, region, working time, professional titles, work load

Outdoor sculptures of modern art works are being damaged and deteriorated as they are exposed to the outdoor environment due to the nature of exhibition in the outdoor environment, but secure of basic data through the measures for conservation and advanced researches still remain in the early stage. The surface of “Conversion” which is exhibited in the Busan Cheonmasan Sculpture Park has been exfoliated and deteriorated due to outdoor exhibition for a long time, so systematic conservation and management of works are considered necessary. Prior to the conservation and management, this study conducted observation of cross section, analysis of inorganic components, FT-IR, Raman and Py-GC/Mass analysis to examine the nature and type of paints used for the work through a scientific analysis. As a result of analysis, paints used for the “Conversion” include paint mixed with silvery aluminium powder and white pigment, reddish paint mixed with toluidine red, bluish paint that mixed prussian blue and titanium white and mixture of phthalocyanine blue and titanium white. The result is expected to be used as basic data for selecting materials necessary for conservative treatment of and establishing a plan for conservative treatment of the “Conversion”.

Indian economy growth changed due Indian business operational approach with convergent technologies. The current economy growth supported by Information Technology Development and Information Technology Enabled Service. As part of the Information technology enabled upcoming Knowledge processing outsourcing provide huge opportunities to develop Indian business with our human resources. The KPO business sector basis and frame work can be achieve through Development Dynamic initiatives. This paper discuss about the basis of KPO and Dynamic Development Initiative frame work strategic compact components and its characters.

‘Agile’ is drawing our attention as a new trend of software development methodology. With Agile methodology, developers can flexibly respond to changes in order to manage uncertainty and complexity of IT projects. Recent case studies are showing that international enterprises have adopted Agile methodology in order to improve work performance such as productivity and quality. Although further empirical researches as to what factors can improve performance have not been progressed yet, previous studies emphasized the developers’ motivation played an important role in producing good outputs in software development. Agile methodology is also known to be adequate to enhance both motivation and work performance of developers because the human factor is considered being an important component in it. In this paper, we empirically analyzed by Multiple Regression the effects of various practices, which are essential for conducting Agile methodology, on the Motivating Potential Score(i.e. MPS) and on the work performance in development jobs. We first examined the Agile practices that are widely used for Agile developers in Korea, and divided them into management practices and development practices. As a result, it appeared that Agile practices exerted influences on the MPS of developers. While the MPS had positive effects on the work performance such as the development productivity and the system quality, it did not affect the project duration significantly. In our research, we will discuss practical significance based on such empirical results.

This study analyzes the change in people's perceptions of work and leisure during the COVID-19 pandemic and the factors affecting it using data from public perception surveys conducted in 2021 and 2014. As analytical results, first, the orientation to balance work and leisure was increased in 2021 compared to 2014, resulting in a change in the public's perception of work and leisure. Second, in 2021, a higher education level and higher age indicated a higher orientation toward work-leisure balance. In addition, in terms of political ideology, progressives or conservatives were both more likely to pursue a balance between work and leisure than moderates. Third, in 2014, there was no difference in the work-leisure balance orientation according to the cohort, whereas in 2021— unlike the age effect— the low-age cohort showed a higher work-leisure balance orientation than the high-age cohort. This emphasizes the need for restructuring the system in accordance with the constraints of the environment during COVID-19 and the change in perception of the balance between work and leisure.

This study empirically analyzed organizational cultural factors affecting internal conflicts within a public sports facility management corporation. Results indicated significant negative correlations between organizational communication leadership, interpersonal relationships, job environment satisfaction, and internal conflict presence. However, logistic regression identified only job environment satisfaction as significantly influencing internal conflicts, revealing that a one-point increase in job environment satisfaction reduced conflict occurrence probability by approximately 71.2%. The findings emphasize improving the job environment in public sports organizations as a primary conflict management strategy and provide policy implications for enhancing organizational culture and working environments.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a task list for community health practitioners' (CHPs') telemedicine work in remote areas and analyze the frequency and distribution of their activities by work category, recording all observed activities during work hours. Methods: We used the work sampling method, collecting data from July 17 to August 13, 2024. Four CHPs were observed over five working days, two hours per day, with activities recorded at five-minute intervals. Results: Out of 480 total observed activities, 158 were telemedicine nursing activities, accounting for 32.9%. These activities were distributed across four categories: direct care (15.2%), indirect care (12.5%), service-related activities (3.5%), and personal activities (0.8%). The most frequent activities were "medication administration according to the physician's orders" in direct care, "inputting patient data" in indirect care, and "travel" in service-related activities. Conclusion: The results show that quantifying the time CHPs spend on various activities during telemedicine can improve both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of telemedicine and promote interprofessional collaboration.

Nursing works in emergency department were analyzed and the importance of nursing works that the emergency department nurses perceived at university hospitals in Seoul. 12 nursing domains including 76 nursing activities were identified. The most frequently performed nursing domain was records and the most frequently performed activity in the emergency department was checking the vital sign of patients. The most important nursing activity that emergency department nurses perceived was physical crisis intervention.

본 연구는 과도한 일 투자의 두 가지 형태인 직무열의와 일중독에 심리적 분리를 추가하여 잠재집단을 확인하고 각 유형에 따라 퇴근 후 웰빙에 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 국내 다양한 직종 직장인 548명의 자료를 사용하여 잠재프로파일분석(LPA)를 시행하였고, 그 결과 세 가지 유형(일중독형, 과도한 일 투자형, 비열의형)을 확인하였다. 각 유형별 퇴근 후 웰빙 변인들 모두에서 유의미한 차이를 보였는데, 직무열의와 일중독 수준이 높고 심리적 분리 수준은 중간 정도인 과도한 일 투자형이 가장 낮은 정서고갈, 가장 높은 긍정정서, 중간 수준의 부정정서와 수면의 질을 보여 세 유형 중 가장 웰빙 결과가 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 심리적 분리가 직장인의 웰빙에 미치는 과도한 일 투자의 해로운 영향을 완화시키는 중요한 요소일 뿐만 아니라 심리적 분리가 의미있는 수준이 아닐 때에도 직무열의가 직장인들의 웰빙을 위한 보호 역할을 할 수 있음을 시사한다.

This study identified the latent profile of two types of heavy work investment, namely workaholism and work engagement, by adding psychological detachment from work. Additionally, it was examined whether there were differences in well-being after work by each profile type. For this purpose, Latent Profile Analysis(LPA) was conducted using data of 548 korean employees in various occupations, and three types(workaholic, heavy work investors, disenaged) were confirmed as a result. There was a significant difference in all the well-being variables by type. The heavy work investors type showed the best well-being among the three types with the lowest emotional exhaustion, the highest positive affect, the middle level negative affect and the sleep quality. Our findings indicate that psychological detachment is an important factor that alleviates the detrimental effects of heavy work investment on employees’well-being and that work engagement can play a protecting role for employees’well-being even in absence of significant levels of psychological detachment.

Purpose: This study conducted a work-system analysis using the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) framework to assess the flow of health-related information, and the current status of health management tasks for individuals with disabilities (IWD) in supportive housing. Methods: This qualitative study utilized focus groups. Participants included a head of supportive housing, a team leader, a care coordinator and three personal support workers for IWD. Semi-structured interviews were guided by the SEIPS framework to explore the components of persons, tasks, tools and technology, organization, and environments. Results: This study identified five key themes within the five SEIPS components: (1) disparities in role identity and health literacy among staff, (2) challenges in health care support reflecting a person-centered approach, (3) barriers in health-related information exchange and communication tools, (4) needs for organizational strategies or information communication, and (5) needs for integrating health-related information across external healthcare institutions. Additionally, 10 sub-themes were identified. Conclusion: These findings provide a comprehensive system-wide perspective and offer insights into the systematic approaches needed to improve healthcare processes and structures within disability supportive housing. Specifically, healthcare providers and effective tools for integrating health-related information are identified as critical components.