Earticle

Mobile user interface pattern (MUIP) is a kind of structured representation of interaction design knowledge. Several studies have suggested that MUIPs are a proven solution for recurring mobile interface design problems. To facilitate MUIP selection, an effective clustering method is required to discover hidden knowledge of pattern data set. In this paper, we employ the semi-supervised kernel fuzzy c-means clustering (SSKFCM) method to cluster MUIP data. In order to improve the performance of clustering, clustering parameters are optimized by utilizing the global optimization capability of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Since the PSO algorithm is easily trapped in local optima, a novel PSO algorithm is presented in this paper. It combines an improved intuitionistic fuzzy entropy measure and a new population search strategy to enhance the population search capability and accelerate the convergence speed. Experimental results show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed clustering method.

In this paper, we propose a novel approach of user interface for querying Digital Video Library. Through the proposed user interface, the users can specify the query more easily and precisely for image and video retrieval, resulting in better retrieval accuracy of the system. The prototype of the proposed system allows specification of character, atmosphere, implement, mapping and event for the query. This prototype not only provides users with the convenience of query specification in various aspects, but also can easily be extended to the retrieval systems of various multimedia data.

Various AI-based digital navigation technologies, such as autonomous navigation, are being developed in the maritime shipping industry. It is necessary to effectively integrate the information provided individually by various navigation information systems installed on a ship and efficiently deliver it to navigators to realize the first stage of autonomous navigation, known as an onboard decision support ship. In this study, we developed a user interface for an HUD-based integrated navigation information system that supports navigators in performing navigation tasks safely and efficiently. Through a literature review and expert interviews, the detailed procedures of navigation tasks and pain points from the perspective of practitioners were investigated, and three types of user interfaces (lookout-focused, information-focused, and nighttime-supportive) that can be selectively used depending on the context were proposed. The user interface proposed in this study is expected to be useful in the development of navigation information systems for autonomous ships.

This paper describes a wearable multi-modal user interface design and its implementation for a teleoperated field robot system. Recently some teleoperated field robots are employed for hazard environment applications (e.g. rescue, explosive ordnance disposal, security). To complete these missions in outdoor environment, the robot system must have appropriate functions, accuracy and reliability. However, the more functions it has, the more difficulties occur in operation of the functions. To cope up with this problem, an effective user interface should be developed. Furthermore, the user interface is needed to be wearable for portability and prompt action. This research starts at the question: how to teleoperate the complicated slave robot easily. The main challenge is to make a simple and intuitive user interface with a wearable shape and size. This research provides multi-modalities such as visual, auditory and haptic sense. It enables an operator to control every functions of a field robot more intuitively. As a result, an EOD (explosive ordnance disposal) demonstration is conducted to verify the validity of the proposed wearable multi-modal user interface.

본 연구는 한국과 중국 소비자 간 스마트폰 사용에 있어 사용자경험에 대한 인식의 차이와 함께 제품태도 및 재구매의도에 관한 인식의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 한·중 소비자 간 스마트폰에 대한 사용만족경험, 유용적경험, 디자인만족경험, 주변경험에서 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 중국 소비자가 한국 소비자에 비해 UI경험에 대한 모든 경험 요소를 높게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 스마트폰의 제품태도에 대한 차이를 알아본 결과, 중국 소비자가 한국 소비자에 비해 높게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 한·중 소비자 간 스마트폰의 재구매의도에 대한 차이를 알아본 결과, 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나 중국 소비자의 평균값이 더 높게 나타난 것으로 볼 때, 재구매의도 또한 한국 소비자에 비해 높은 것으로 해석 할 수 있다. 본 연구결과는 중국에 진출해 있는 한국 스마트폰 관련 기업들에게 중국시장에서의 경쟁력 제고를 위한 유용한 시사점과 함께 스마트폰과 관련한 사용자경험에 대한 국가 간 비교 연구의 기초자료를 제공한다는 학술적 의의를 가질 것으로 기대한다.

This study intends to look into the perception gap among Korean and Chinese consumers regarding the product attitudes toward smart phones and repurchase intention as well as the user experience. First, this study showed that there are gaps among Korean and Chinese consumers, regarding smart phones, toward their experiences of usage satisfaction, usefulness, design satisfaction, and evaluation from other people and that Chinese consumers have higher awareness of every experience element concerning UI than Korean consumers. Second, concerning the difference in the product attitudes toward smart phones, it turns out that Chinese consumers also have higher awareness of it than Korean consumers. Third, regarding the difference in repurchase intention for smart phones among Korean and Chinese consumers, this study shows that Chinese consumers are likely to have more intention than Korean consumers. because their average value is higher than Korean consumers' even though the difference are not statistically significant. This study is expected to have academic meaning(significance) for providing basic materials of comparative study between two countries regarding the user experience about smart phone as well as some useful implications for the competitive power improvement of Korean smart phone related companies in China.

선석배정문제는 항만운영 및 관리의 첫단계이며, 각 항만의 지리적, 자연적 특성에 따라 매우 독특하면서 복잡한 성향을 띠고 있다. 특히, 인천항은 그 지리적 특성상 갑문이라는 특수한 시스템과 많은 종류의 화물을 취급하기 때문에 만성적인 체선·체화 현상을 보이고 있으며 많은 물류비의 상승 등 경쟁력을 상실하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 인천항의 갑문이용과 선석의 배정문제에 있어서 실제 인천항을 운영하는 전문가 집단의 지식을 규칙화하고, 실제자료를 토대로 갑문의 영향을 분석하여 보다 효율적으로 운영할 수 있는 시스템과 예기치 못한 상황에 대한 대처를 원활히 할 수 있는 선석운영 의사결정지원시스템을 구축하였다. 특히 본 연구에서는 기존 연구에서 고려하지 못한 갑문을 중심으로 교차제한사항과 선석운영의 효율을 높일 수 있는 이안을 예상한 입항선박을 고려하였으며, 더 나아가 사용자로 하여금 쉽고 빠르게 선석을 운용할 수 있도록 개선된 그래픽 사용자 인터페이스(Graphic user Interface)를 갖는 대화식 접근법(User interactive approach)체제의 실시간 선석운영 의사결정지원시스템을 개발하였다.

본 연구는 TUI기반 체험전시의 담론 활성화를 위한 기초 연구로 디지털환경에서 변화되고 있는 어린이 체험전 시 현상을 분석하여 TUI를 활용한 어린이 체험전시의 발전 유형을 밝혀 보고자 하였다. 연구 전개를 위하여 체험전시에 서 야기되는 인터랙티브의 요소인 TUI(tangible user interface)를 처음 제안한 MIT Tangible Media Group의 3가 지 요소 측면(인터랙티브 평면, 비트와 원자의 연결, 환경미디어)과 텐저블즈 유형(물건, 장치, 평면, 공간)을 토대로 국 내외 체험전시 사례를 조사 분석하고 특성을 도출하였다. 분석결과, TUI 요소는 인터랙티브 평면과 비트와 원자, 환경 미디어 순서가 많았으며, 텐저블즈는 물건, 평면, 장치, 공간 유형 순서로 높았다. 이러한 사실은 어린이들의 적극적 개 입과 확장된 경험이 필요한 체험전시에 TUI가 적극 활용되고 있음을 보여준다.

This study is a basic research towards diffusion of discourse regarding TUI-based experience exhibition. In that purpose this study tries to find out the development type of children's experience exhibition using TUI by analyzing children's experience exhibition phenomena that are changing in digital environment. For the sake of this research, cases of experience exhibitions were analyzed and characteristics were derived based on TUI(Tangible User Interface) and on the types of tangibles. As results of this study, TUI elements were found in the order of interactive planes, connection of bits and atoms, and environmental media and Tangibles were ranked in the order of stuff, planes, devices, and space types. This fact shows that TUI is actively used in experience exhibitions where children's active participation and extended experience is necessary.

디지털 미디어 시대에는 사용자 인터페이스(User Interface)에 대한 중요성이 날로 커지고 있으며, 사용자 경험에 대한 인식이 높아지고 있다. 이러한 현실을 감안하여 본 연구에서는 스마트폰의 UI(User Interface)경험이 제품태도와 구매의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하고자 하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 스마트폰의 UI경험은 스마트폰의 제품태도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 스마트폰의 UI경험은 스마트폰의 구매의도에 부분적으로 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 마지막으로, 스마트폰에 대한 제품태도는 구매의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 스마트폰에 대한 마케팅 전략 수립 시 스마트폰의 UI경험들을 고려한 전략이 필요함을 시사한다. 특히 스마트폰에 대한 가치경험 보다는 주변경험 즉, 사후관리와 같은 A/S제도에 초점을 맞춘 마케팅 전략이 필요하다 하겠다. 마지막으로 소비자들의 구매의사를 높이기 위해서는 무엇보다 자사의 제품에 대한 소비자들의 태도를 긍정적으로 제고할 수 있는 마케팅 전략이 필요하다 하겠다.

Increasingly important UI(user interface) on the digital media era, and increasing awareness about the user experience. In this study, by considering these realities, what impact smartphone UI experience, this product attitudes and purchase intentions you want to check. First, the findings of the smartphone UI experience influence on product attitudes of the smartphone was confirmed. Second, the smartphone's UI experience was confirmed also in the purchase of smartphones that partially affects. Finally, attitudes were identified as affecting the purchase of products for smartphones. The results of this study, the strategies suggest the need for consideration of future marketing strategy for smart phones smartphone's UI experience. Especially valuable experience for the smartphone-focused marketing strategy, such as the administration of post-A/S system, ie, around experience than are necessary. Finally, in order to improve the consumer's purchase decision more than anything that can enhance the positive attitude of consumers for its products marketing strategies are necessary.

It is very important to develop mobile environment-based distribution platform system that is easy to use, as well as to build a practical direct-trading environment for the future, by linking UI and GUI effectively. Users who need to be in charge of both production and sales will be able to quickly recognize and deal with tasks connected to the current direct trading situation with the help of its graphic and information elements. This study attempted to establish such an environment for users by identifing the advantages of various fonts, colors, graphics, and layout elements. The results of this study can be applied to the future development of mobile E-marketplace platforms, for example, through the implementation of easy-to-use UI and GUI systems. To sum up, this research executed an important fundamental study by building an innovative mobile direct-trading environment, developing highly efficient direct-trade special applications and systems, and proposing an efficient user interface.

본 연구는 국내·외 모바일 시장에서 치열한 경쟁을 벌이고 있는 삼성, 엘지, 스카이, 애플 등 제조사별 사용 자 인터페이스(UI: User Interface) 경험 요인들이 어떠한 차이가 있는지 실증적으로 규명해보자 하였다. 또한 이러한 사용자 인터페이스 경험 요인들이 제품태도 및 재구매의도에 미치는 영향은 제조사별로 어떠한 차이를 보이는지 함 께 확인하고자 하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 사용만족경험을 구성하고 있는 인포메이션과 인터랙션, 유용적경험, 디자인만 족경험 모두에서 제조사별 UI경험은 차이가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 제품태도는 제조사별로 차이가 있는 것 으로 확인되었다. 마지막으로 재구매의도는 제조사별로 차이가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 구체적으로 엘지와 스카이보 다 삼성이, 삼성에 비해서는 애플이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과는 UI경험과 관련된 연구의 확장과 함께 제조사별 차이점에 대한 고찰을 통하여 해당 기업들의 UI전략 수립에 유용한 시사점을 제공 할 것으로 기대한다.

This study aimed to identify empirically the differences of user interface experience factors for such manufacturers as Samsung, LG, Sky, Apple, etc., which are fiercely competing in the mobile market at home and abroad. In addition, this study aimed to verify how different the impact of such user interface experience factors on product attitudes and intention to repurchase would be for each manufacturer. As a result of the study, it was verified that there was a difference in the user experience between the manufacturers for all of the factors forming user satisfaction experience, which included information, interaction, useful experience and design experience satisfaction. Second, it was also verified that there was a difference between the manufacturers in terms of product attitudes. Lastly, it was verified that there was a difference between the manufacturers in terms of intention to repurchase. Specifically, it was found that Samsung had a higher degree of intention to repurchase than LG and Sky, whereas Apple had a higher degree hereof then Samsung. It is expected that the above results of study will provide the aforementioned manufacturers useful implications for establishing UI strategies through the contemplation of differences for each manufacturer in addition to the expansion of studies related to UI experience.

팬데믹 시대를 맞아 코로나 등의 질병 예방과 통제에도 스마트 의료 기술을 응용하게 되었고, 중국의 스마트 의료 기술을 대표하는 개인 의료 QR 코드 시스템도 편리성과 안전성에 있어 개선되어야 할 문제점이 대두되었다. 즉, 현행 중국의 개인 의료 QR 코드 시스템은 그 종류가 많고 각각 독립적으로 존재하여 스마트 취약 계층의 사용자에게 큰 불편을 초래하고 있으며, 동시에 수집된 개인정보 보호와 처리의 문제도 제기되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제 를 개선하기 위하여 개인 의료 QR 코드 시스템의 통합과 개인정보 보호 과정을 투명화할 것을 제안하고, 사용자의 편리를 위한 인터페이스를 설계하였다. 본 논문에서 제시한 방법과 새롭게 디자인한 인터페이스를 통해 사용자는 더욱 편리하고 안전하게 스마트 의료 시스템을 누릴 수 있으며 광범위하게 확산될 우려가 있는 질병의 예방과 통제에도 유 효한 성과를 보장할 수 있다.

In the pandemic era, smart medical technology has also been applied to prevent and control diseases such as COVID-19. Health QR code system shave sparked recent discussion in the hopes of improving its convenience and safety. The many types of current health QR code systems in China exists causes inconvenience to those that are vulnerable, as well as raising the issue of personal information protection. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes transparent integration of the health QR code systems and the process of protecting personal information, as well as designs an interface for user convenience. Through the method presented in this paper and the newly designed interface, users can enjoy the smart pharmaceutical system more conveniently and safely, and ensure effective results in the prevention and control of diseases that are likely to spread.

WUSB is a new technology which combines the speed and the security of wired USB with the easy use of wireless technology. In this paper, GUI for WUSB is designed and implemented to show the connectivity and contents of the WUSB devices. Also, the proposed GUI shows the log window while content transfers occur between the host and device. The proposed GUI can be used for various wireless technologies which provide wireless function with existing USB hosts and devices.

Recently there were many Artificial Intelligence speakers that got established and introduced. Most well-known devices include world famous Amazon Echo. Despite their popularity, worldwide promotion and high awareness, previous research has found that usage of such voice based Artificial Intelligence assistants did not reach its expectations and consumers are not using home voice assistants frequently. Such can be attributed to the fact that people see AI speaker as yet another redundant interface within the home, and not one that’s critical to their daily experience, thus it adoption rate is not dramatically increased yet compared with recent technology advancement on devices. The primary emphasis of our research is motivated by the fact that UI/UX design for Artificial Intelligence devices should be studied differently with traditional UI/UX research, and the Voice-based UI design of artificial intelligence devices was intended to be understood in terms of psychological interaction. In this paper, we provide key factors for successful Voice user interface design based on delphi method and data analysis about Amazon Echo. This study confirms that future research on artificial intelligence devices should be done in terms of psychological interaction, unlike previous UI/UX studies, and suggests that VUI is important in the development of artificial intelligence devices. Since this study presented the success factors of voice-based chatbot design, it can be used to develop the analysis of consumer needs in the VUI aspect of artificial intelligence devices in the future. Also, it is consistent with the direction that the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) study has been paying attention to.

Conventional user interface backgrounds on smart devices are mainly organized using static contents for decoration purposes. Therefore, displaying information as a form of user interface background has not been considered to be very useful. To overcome this limitation, this paper presents a dynamic method that improves the utility of user interface backgrounds by converting them into live or active backgrounds. In order to display useful information as the background of a user interface, information such as user interests needs to be collected from the users. Based on this user-originated information, contents to be presented on the background are organized in the form of images and can be tailored to meet the individual needs of the users. This progressive method has already been implemented and made commercially available to users, as proposed by the current study. The effectiveness of this active background system has been confirmed by the throughput observation among users.

최근 기술이 발전함에 따라 다양한VR (Virtual Reality) 및AR (Augmented Reality) 장치들이 등장하고 있다. 이 러한 장치들의 대부분의 콘텐츠는 사용자 상호작용을 위해 컨트롤러에 의존하고 있으나 컨트롤러는 휴대하 기 어렵고 분실하기 쉽다는 단점이 있다. 또한, 컨트롤러를 통한 사용자 인터페이스는 장치에 익숙하지 않은 사용자들이 불편함을 느낄 수 있고 새로 인터페이스를 배워야 하는 한계가 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위 해Oculus Quest는 핸드 트래킹 기술을 도입하여 사용자가 자연스러운 손 제스처를 인터페이스로 사용할 수 있게 하였다. 그러나 핸드 트래킹을 활용하는 방법은 그 어려움 때문에 아직 널리 연구되지 않았고 아직 활 용되지 못하고 있다. 이에 VR 콘텐츠와 상호작용하는 데 손을 사용하는 방법을 탐구하고, 그것을 이용하여 콘텐츠를 만드는 방법을 설명한다

Recently, numerous VR (Virtual Reality) and AR (Augmented Reality) devices have emerged, and most of the contents on these devices rely on controllers for user interaction. However, controllers have drawbacks that it is difficult to carry, and prone to loss. Moreover, users unfamiliar with the devices may find that the controls are inconvenient. To address these issues, the developed Oculus Quest has introduced hand tracking technology, allowing users to use hand gestures as an interface. However, methods utilizing hand tracking have not been widely researched yet due to its difficulties. This study explores methods that use hands to interact with VR content, and explains how to create a content with it. Also, this study describes its limitation.

While past studies of web personalization have focused mainly on how to offer precisely tailored messages to website users, our study is aimed at understanding how allowing users to self-customize websites motivates them to use the website and improve their satisfaction with using the website. We posit that perceived personalization induced by self-customization of the user interface creates the sense of self-determination and that this leads to higher levels of users’motivation and satisfaction. An empirical test using iGoogle confirms the validity of the proposed model and shows that, with the self-customization option, the users feel a higher level of self-determination, becomes more motivated both intrinsically and extrinsically, and more satisfied with the website.

본 연구는 새로운 미디어로 주목받고 있는 옥외 디지털 사이니지를 대상으로 유저인터페이스와 이용동기가 유저경험과 태도, 행동의도에 어떤 영향을 미치는 지 알아보았다. 미국의 소비자들을 대상으로 설문조사를 한 결과 이용자 통제와 경제적인 목적이 유저경험에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 디지털 사이니지에 대한 태도에는 어포던스와 이용자 통제가 영향을 미치고 있었다. 향후 미디어 이용의도에는 어포던스과 이용자 통제가 영향을 미치고 있었고 어포던스와 이용자 통제 간에 상호작용 효과를 발견하였다. 이는 어포던스와 이용자 통제가 시너지 효과를 보인다는 것이며 통제권 지각이 낮은 사람이 어포던스의 영향을 더 많이 받는다는 의미이다. 유저경험에서도 제한적이기는 하지만 어포던스와 이용자 통제, 경제적 동기 사이에 3원 상호작용 효과를 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 디지털 사이지니의 실용화와 광고 매체로서의 활용에 몇 가지 시사점을 제공하고 있다.

This study focuses on digital signage, and explores the roles of affordance, active control, consumer motivation on user experience, attitudes, and behavioral intention. The finding of the survey research showed that active control and motivation influenced user experience. Affordance and active control influenced attitudes toward digital signage and behavioral intention. The interaction effect on behavioral intention between affordance and actove control was found. Even though it is marginally significant, we found three way interaction effects on user experience among affordance, active control, and consumer motivation. These results could provide academic implications and practical insights about digital signage as content and advertising media.

본 연구는 다기준 의사결정(MCDM, Multi Criteria Decision Making)이 요구되는 전장 환경에서 다변하는 상황하 종합적인 상황판단을 거쳐 유연하고 신속하게 의사결정을 수행하는데 도움을 주기 위한 사용자 인터페이스 방법을 제안하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 기존 다기준 의사결정에 사용된 의사결정 행렬(Decision Matrix)의 제한점을 식별하고 인간 인지능력의 특징 및 한계를 고려한 언어 형태로의 정보 제공, 기준별 최소한계치 설정 등의 사용자 인터페이스 개선요소를 제안하였다. 이를 가상의 전장상황에 적용한 구체적 예시를 통해 그 개선효과를 보였다. 이렇게 고려된 사용자 인터페이스는 실시간 의사결정이 필요한 전장 환경에서 신속하고 유연한 의사결정을 지원할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 본 연구는 인간의 인지능력을 고려한 사용자 인터페이스 요소를 의사결정 행렬에 적용해 봄으로써 실시간 다기준 의사결정 지원에 개선가능성을 도출하였다는 것에 의의를 가진다.

This study aims to propose a user interface method to support flexible and rapid decision-making in dynamic battlefield environments where Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) is required. To this end, the study identifies limitations of the traditional decision matrix commonly used in MCDM and suggests improvements to the user interface that take into account the characteristics and limitations of human cognitive ability. These improvements include presenting information in linguistic formats and setting minimum threshold values for each criterion. The proposed approach is illustrated through a hypothetical battlefield scenario to demonstrate its effectiveness. The user interface considerations presented in this study are expected to enhance real-time decision-making by enabling more adaptable and swift responses in complex operational environments. The significance of this research lies in applying human-centered interface elements to the decision matrix, thereby offering potential improvements in real-time multi-criteria decision making support.